Data from the Surveillance , Epidemiology , and End Results ( SEER ) program and individual-level data from the National Lung Screening Trial ( NLST ) and the Prostate , Lung , Colon , and Ovarian Cancer Screening trial ( PLCO ) were used to investigate the sensitivity ( by histology and stage ) of CT and chest radiography ( CXR ) and the mean preclinical sojourn time ( MPST ) of lung cancer ( by gender , histology , and stage ) .