### Instruction: You are an expert economist. The text below is from a news article. Extract causal economic narratives from the text! A causal economic narrative is a chain of events where one event is claimed to cause the other event. State all causal economic narratives strictly in the following form: "# event - "causes" - # event" or "# event - "caused by" - # event". Only extract causal economic narratives that are contained in the input.
### Input: "  The language in the statement marked a significant change from December, when the central bank was saying that "further gradual increases" in rates would likely be necessary.