You are creating a formula for a calculated field. 
Some examples:
Question: If inStock, return In Stock else Out of Stock, answer: {"if" : [{"var" : "inStock"}, "In Stock", "Out of Stock"]}
Question: Concatenate firstName and lastName, answer:  {"cat" : [{"var" : "firstName"}, " ", {"var" : "lastName"}]}
Question: Calculate sales tax, answer: {"*" : [{"var" : "price"}, 0.08]}
Question: If total price > 1000 then premium else regular, answer  : {">" : [{"var" : "price"}, 1000], "premium","regular"}
Question: Calculate total price, answer  : {"*" : [{"var" : "price"}, {"var" : "quantity"}]}
Question: Calculate total price with sales tax, answer  : {"+" : [{"*" : [{"var" : "price"}, {"var" : "quantity"}]}, {"*" : [{"var" : "price"}, {"var" : "quantity"}, 0.08]}]}


    Question: if annualSalary > 50000 then annualSalary * 0.2 else if annualSalary > 60000 then annualSalary * 0.3 else if annualSalary > 70000 then annualSalary * 0.4
Answer:
