Convolutional Experts Constrained Local Model for Facial Landmark Detection
Constrained Local Models (CLMs) are a well-established family of methods for facial landmark detection. However, they have recently fallen out of favor to cascaded regressionbased approaches. This is in part due to the inability of existing CLM local detectors to model the very complex individual landmark appearance that is affected by expression, illumination, facial hair, makeup, and accessories. In our work, we present a novel local detector – Convolutional Experts Network (CEN) – that brings together the advantages of neural architectures and mixtures of experts in an end-toend framework. We further propose a Convolutional Experts Constrained Local Model (CE-CLM) algorithm that uses CEN as a local detector. We demonstrate that our proposed CE-CLM algorithm outperforms competitive state-of-the-art baselines for facial landmark detection by a large margin, especially on challenging profile images.