117024657
Electrodynamics with an Infrared Scale and PVLAS experiment
We consider an infrared Lorentz violation in connection with recent results of PVLAS experiment. Our analysis is based in a relation that can be established, under certain conditions, between an axial-like-particle theory and electrodynamics with an infrared scale. In the PVLAS case, the conditions imply two dispersion relations such that the infrared scale $|\vec \theta|$, the inverse axion-photon coupling constant $M^{-1}$ and the external magnetic field ${\vec B}$ can be connected through the formula $|{\vec \theta}|= {|\vec B|}/M$. Our analysis, which only requires a non-dynamical (auxiliar) axial-like field leads to $|{\vec\theta}| \leq 5.4 \times 10^{-7}$ meV and $M^{-1} \sim 1.2 \times 10^{-3}$ GeV $^{-1}$.
119184475
Effects of heavy bosonic excitations on QED vacuum
We discuss the contribution of axion-like excitations (ALE) to the vacuum birefringence in the limit mA ≳ ω, where mA is the mass of the excitation and ω the energy of test photons interacting with an external (intense) magnetic field. The relevance of this term with respect to the QED contribution depends on the ratio gA/mA and, from present bounds on the mass and the coupling constant gA, we find that in the present low energy regime, it ranges from 10-14 to 102 suggesting an interesting alternative to explore.
118495032
SU(2) Kinetic Mixing Terms and Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking
The non-Abelian generalization of the Holdom model, i.e. a theory with two gauge fields coupled to the kinetic mixing term g tr(Fμν(A)Fμν(B)) is considered. Contrarily to the Abelian case, the group structure G×G is explicitly broken to G. For SU(2) this fact implies that the residual gauge symmetry as well as the Lorentz symmetry is spontaneously broken. We show that this mechanism provides masses for the involved particles. Also, the model presents instanton solutions with a redefined coupling constant.
119351968
CPT/Lorentz Invariance Violation and Quantum Field Theory
Departamento de Fisica, Universidad de Santiago de ChileCasilla 307, Santiago 2, ChileE-mail: fmendez@lauca.usach.clAnalogies between the noncommutative harmonic oscillator and noncommutative ﬁelds are ana-lyzed. Following this analogywe construct examples of quantum ﬁelds theories with explicit CPTand Lorentz symmetry breaking. Some applications to baryogenesis and neutrino oscillation arealso discussed.Fifth International Conference on Mathematical Methods in Physics — IC2006April 24-28 2006Centro Brasilerio de Pesquisas Fisicas, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
119160303
Chiral anomaly beyond Lorentz invariance
The chiral anomaly in the context of an extended standard model with Lorentz invariance violation is studied. Taking into account bounds from measurements of the speed of light, we argue that the chiral anomaly and its consequences are general results valid even beyond the relativistic symmetry.
52268852
Vortex solutions of an Abelian Higgs model with visible and hidden sectors
A bstractWe study vortex solutions in a theory with dynamics governed by two weakly coupled Abelian Higgs models, describing a hidden sector and a visible sector. We analyze the radial dependence of the axially symmetric solutions constructed numerically and discuss the stability of vortex configurations for different values of the model parameters, studying in detail vortex decay into lower energy configurations. We find that even in a weak coupling regime vortex solutions strongly depend on the parameters of both the visible and hidden sectors. We also discuss on qualitative grounds possible implications of the existence of a hidden sector in connection with superconductivity and dark matter (dark strings).
118915291
Canonical equivalence between massive spin 1 theories
The model of Cremmer-Scherck and Proca are considered in dimensions greater than 3+1. It is obtained that the Proca model correspond to a gauged fixed version of the Cremmer-Scherck one, and we show their canonical equivalence.
53942626
Interacting particles and strings in path and surface representations
Nonrelativistic charged particles and strings coupled with Abelian gauge fields are quantized in a geometric representation that generalizes the loop representation. We consider three models: the string in self-interaction through a Kalb-Ramond field in four dimensions, the topological interaction of two particles due to a BF term in $2+1$ dimensions, and the string-particle interaction mediated by a BF term in $3+1$ dimensions. In the first case one finds that a consistent ``surface representation'' can be built provided that the coupling constant is quantized. The geometrical setting that arises corresponds to a generalized picture of the lines of Faraday: quantum states are labeled by the shape of the string, from which emanate ``Faraday's surfaces.'' In the other models, the topological interaction can also be described by geometrical means. It is shown that the open-path (or open-surface) dependence carried by the wave functional in these models can be eliminated through a unitary transformation, except by the remaining dependence on the boundary of the path (or surface). This feature is closely related to the presence of anomalous statistics in the $2+1$ model, and to a generalized ``anyonic behavior'' of the string in the other case.
17444426
Topological sectors of spin 1 theories in (2+1)-dimensions
Abstract It is shown that the topological massive and “self-dual” theories, which are known to provide locally equivalent descriptions of spin 1 theories in 2+1 dimensions, have different global properties when formulated over topologically non-trivial regions of space-time. The partition function of these theories, when constructed on an arbitrary Riemannian manifold, differ by a topological factor, which is equal to the partition function of the pure Chern-Simons theory. This factor is related to the space of solutions of the field equations of the topological massive theory for which the connection is asymptotically flat but not gauge equivalent to zero. A new covariant, first order, gauge action, which generalizes the “self-dual” action, is then proposed. It is obtained by sewing local self-dual theories. Its global equivalence to the topological massive gauge theory is shown.
10548982
A Geometric approach to massive p form duality
Massive theories of abelian p-forms are quantized in a generalized path-representation that leads to a description of the phase space in terms of a pair of dual non-local operators analogous to the Wilson Loop and the 't Hooft disorder operators. Special atention is devoted to the study of the duality between the Topologically Massive and the Self-Dual models in 2+1 dimensions. It is shown that these models share a geometric representation in which just one non local operator suffices to describe the observables.
118605658
Geometric Representation of Interacting Non-Relativistic Open Strings using Extended Objects
Non-relativistic charged open strings coupled with Abelian gauge fields are quantized in a geometric representation that generalizes the Loop Representation. The model consists of open-strings interacting through a Kalb-Ramond field in four dimensions. The geometric representation proposed uses lines and surfaces that can be interpreted as an extension of the picture of Faraday's lines of classical electromagnetism. This representation results to be consistent, provided the coupling constant (the "charge" of the string) is quantized. The Schr\"odinger equation in this representation is also presented.