18215199
Mapping out the QCD phase transition in multiparticle production
We analyse multiparticle production in a thermal framework for seven central nucleus + nucleus collisions, e+ + e- annihilation into hadrons on the Z resonance and four hadronic reactions p + p and p + ; with partial centrality selection), with centre of mass energies ranging from = 2.6 GeV (per nucleon pair) to 1.8 TeV. Thermodynamic parameters at chemical freeze-out (temperature and baryon and strangeness fugacities) are obtained from appropriate fits, generally improving in quality for reactions subjected to centrality cuts. All systems with non-vanishing fugacities are extrapolated along trajectories of equal energy density, density and entropy density to zero fugacities. The so-obtained temperatures extrapolated to zero fugacities as a function of initial energy density ein universally show a strong rise followed by a saturating limit of Tlim = 155 ± 6 ± 20 MeV. We interpret this behaviour as mapping out the boundary between quark gluon plasma and hadronic phases. The ratio of strange antiquarks to light ones as a function of the initial energy density ein shows the same behaviour as the temperature, saturating at a value of 0.365 ± 0.033 ± 0.07. No distinctive feature of `strangeness enhancement' is seen for heavy ion collisions relative to hadronic and leptonic reactions, when compared at the same initial energy density.
119632692
Mass generation in QCD — Oscillating quarks and gluons
The present lecture is devoted to embedding the approximate genuine harmonic oscillator structure of valence mesons and in more detail the qqq configurations for u, d, s flavored baryons in QCD for three light flavors of quark. It includes notes, preparing the counting of "oscillatory modes of Nfl = 3 light quarks, u, d, s in baryons," using the broken symmetry classification, extended to the harmonic oscillator symmetry of 3 paired oscillator modes. stands for the space rotation group generated by the sum of the 3 individual angular momenta of quarks in their c.m. system. The oscillator extension to valence gauge boson states is not yet developed to a comparable level.
117295711
Characteristics of Cosmological Evolution and Large Scale Structures in the Cosmos
Recent findings of large scale structures in the cosmos (way beyond 10 Mpc) are analyzed in the light of the characteristic densities, temperatures, mass and time scales governing the assumed (standard) cosmological evelution.
116985727
Super Yang-Mills theories and the structure of anomalies and spontaneous parameters
The structure of super Yang_Mills theories is discussed in its relation to QCD with one flavor of (tricolored) quark
119344761
Neutrino dipole moments and charge radii in non-commutative space-time
Abstract.In this paper we obtain a bound $\Lambda_{\mathrm {NC}}\stackrel{ < }{\sim} 150 $ TeV on the scale of space-time non-commutativity considering photon-neutrino interactions. We compute “*-dipole moments” and “*-charge radii” originating from space-time non-commutativity and compare them with the dipole moments calculated in the neutrino-mass extended standard model (SM). The computation depends on the nature of the neutrinos, Dirac versus Majorana, their mass and the energy scale. We focus on Majorana neutrinos. The “*-charge radius” is found to be $r^* = \sqrt{|\langle r^2_{\nu}\rangle_{\mathrm {NC}}|}=\left|3\sum_{i=1}^3 
 ({\theta}^{0i})^2\right|^{1/4} 
 \stackrel{<}{\sim} 1.6 \times 10^{-19}\, {\mathrm {cm}}$ at $\Lambda_{\mathrm {NC}} = 150$ TeV.
120475555
Double beta decay, the tellurium-xenon systems and the electron associated neutrino mass☆
The features of double beta decay, common to many even-even nuclei are discussed in the light of a non-vanishing (Majorana) neutrino mass (matrix). The latter is considered to be the only lepton number violating effect perceptible at mass scales of a few MeV, characteristic for 2β± decays. Estimates of the nuclear matrix elements mediating 2β−, 2ν and 2β−, 0ν final states are confronted with the relative rate of the 128Te→128Xe and 130Te→130Xe transitions. 
 
It is found that the experimental rates do imply a violation of lepton number. The electron associated neutrino mass is found to be of the order of one electron volt. A conservative lower bound is 
mνe ⩾ 0.8 eV, mνe = ∑j|Uej|2mνj, ∑j|ej|2 = 1 
.
121380547
A highly sensitive optical detector for use in deep underwater
Abstract We have developed an optical detector module for use in deep underwater experiments that will search for high-energy neutrinos from cosmic rays and astronomical sources. This module is sensitive to single photons, is operable under high pressure, functions automatically and is remotely controlled. The optical module is based on a 15 in. diameter photomultiplier tube (PMT), with control and read-out electronics mounted inside a 17 in. diameter glass pressure housing. The photomultiplier output signal is converted into two optical pulses by the electronics, one giving the hit time and time-over-threshold of the PMT output pulse and the other giving the charge-integrated PMT signal. Information on the arrival time and intensity of light can be extracted from these pulses. The time jitter of the optical modules is ∼6 and ∼2 ns at FWHM for one photoelectron and ∼100 photoelectrons, respectively. The unit requires 10 W power delivered at 48 V DC on a line with superposed bidirectional control signals. Fast output is uni-directional on a multi-mode fiber optic link to a remote time digitizer. The module has been successfully tested and calibrated in the laboratory, and several have briefly operated in the deep ocean.