7396248
SDMI-based rights management systems
Building digital rights management (DRM) systems for electronic commerce is still a complex task because such systems are usually required to manage a large set of different media contents, rights information, and enabling technologies. The Secure Digital Music Initiative (SDMI) was proposed to provide a secure environment in which rights management is performed for music distribution through the Internet. Rights management in SDMI is implemented by digital watermarking, but it is not the responsibility of SDMI to provide guidelines for the design of digital watermarks and to explore other potential benefits of using digital watermarks for the music distribution business. This paper fills this gap by proposing an SDMI-based rights management system. The proposed rights management system can support basic SDMI functions and non-SDMI features such as video. A prototype of the SDMI-based rights management system has been developed and the interfaces of the major components are presented.
2566456
Interval constraint networks for tolerance analysis and synthesis
This paper proposes interval constraint networks and interval propagation techniques for automatic tolerance design. To develop an intelligent automatic tolerance design mechanism, the following interrelated problems are addressed: (1) representing the relationships between the tolerances of the entities, attributes, and the functional requirements of a design component by a constraint network, (2) developing tolerance propagation techniques in the network that will satisfy the constraints between the entities, attributes and functional requirement. For the purpose of tolerance design, we propose new definitions for consistency of constraints and consistency of a constraint network. New forward and backward propagation techniques achieve worst-case tolerance analysis and synthesis, respectively. A tank design problem illustrates the use of the procedures for tolerance analysis and synthesis. The discussion and examples compare the new constraint network and propagation techniques with previous works.
15408418
CatRelate: A New Hierarchical Document Category Integration Algorithm by Learning Category Relationships
We address the problem of integrating documents from a source catalog into a master catalog. Current technologies for solving the problem deem it as a flat category integration problem without considering the useful hierarchy information in the catalog, or deal with it hierarchically but without a rigorous model. In contrast, our method is based on correctly identifying relationships among categories, such as Match, Disjoint, SubConcept, SuperConcept, and Overlap, which come from the relations of sets in Set theory. Compared with traditional Match/NotMatch relationship in literature, our approach is more expressive in defining the relationship. The relationships among categories are first learned in a probabilistic way, and then refined by considering the hierarchy context. Our preliminary experiments show that it can help to correctly identify category relationships, and thus increase the accuracy of document integration.
16831415
Automatic construction of English/Chinese parallel corpora
As the demand for global information increases significantly, multilingual corpora has become a valuable linguistic resource for applications to cross-lingual information retrieval and natural language processing. In order to cross the boundaries that exist between different languages, dictionaries are the most typical tools. However, the general-purpose dictionary is less sensitive in both genre and domain. It is also impractical to manually construct tailored bilingual dictionaries or sophisticated multilingual thesauri for large applications. Corpus-based approaches, which do not have the limitation of dictionaries, provide a statistical translation model with which to cross the language boundary. There are many domain-specific parallel or comparable corpora that are employed in machine translation and cross-lingual information retrieval. Most of these are corpora between Indo-European languages, such as English/French and English/Spanish. The Asian/Indo-European corpus, especially English/Chinese corpus, is relatively sparse. The objective of the present research is to construct English/ Chinese parallel corpus automatically from the World Wide Web. In this paper, an alignment method is presented which is based on dynamic programming to identify the one-to-one Chinese and English title pairs. The method includes alignment at title level, word level and character level. The longest common subsequence (LCS) is applied to find the most reliable Chinese translation of an English word. As one word for a language may translate into two or more words repetitively in another language, the edit operation, deletion, is used to resolve redundancy. A score function is then proposed to determine the optimal title pairs. Experiments have been conducted to investigate the performance of the proposed method using the daily press release articles by the Hong Kong SAR government as the test bed. The precision of the result is 0.998 while the recall is 0.806. The release articles and speech articles, published by Hongkong & Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited, are also used to test our method, the precision is 1.00, and the recall is 0.948.
15657957
Automatic Summarization of Chinese and English
As a result of the rapid growth in Internet access, significantly more information has become available online in real time. However, there is not sufficient time for users to read large volumes of information and make decisions accordingly. The problem of information-overloading can be resolved through the application of automatic summarization. Many summarization systems for documents in different languages have been implemented. However, the performance of summarization system on documents in different languages has not yet been investigated. In this paper, we compare the result of fractal summarization technique on parallel documents in Chinese and English. The grammatical and lexical differences between Chinese and English have significant effect on the summarization processes. Their impact on the performances of the summarization for the Chinese and English parallel documents is compared.
16166999
Automatic Construction of Cross-Lingual Networks of Concepts from the Hong Kong SAR Police Department
The tragic event of September 11 has prompted the rapid growth of attention of national security and criminal analysis. In the national security world, very large volumes of data and information are generated and gathered. Much of this data and information written in different languages and stored in different locations may be seemingly unconnected. Therefore, cross-lingual semantic interoperability is a major challenge to generate an overview of this disparate data and information so that it can be analysed, searched. The traditional information retrieval (IR) approaches normally require a document to share some keywords with the query. In reality, the users may use some keywords that are different from what used in the documents. There are then two different term spaces, one for the users, and another for the documents. The problem can be viewed as the creation of a thesaurus. The creation of such relationships would allow the system to match queries with relevant documents, even though they contain different terms. Apart from this, terrorists and criminals may communicate through letters, e-mails and faxes in languages other than English. The translation ambiguity significantly exacerbates the retrieval problem. To facilitate cross-lingual information retrieval, a corpusbased approach uses the term co-occurrence statistics in parallel or comparable corpora to construct a statistical translation model to cross the language boundary. However, collecting parallel corpora between European language and Oriental language is not an easy task due to the unique linguistics and grammar structures of oriental languages. In this paper, the text-based approach to align English/Chinese Hong Kong Police press release documents from the Web is first presented. This article then reports an algorithmic approach to generate a robust knowledge base based on statistical correlation analysis of the semantics (knowledge) embedded in the bilingual press release corpus. The research output consisted of a thesaurus-like, semantic network knowledge base, which can aid in semantics-based cross-lingual information management and retrieval.
9754310
A Simulation-Based Procedure for Expert System Evaluation
It is well recognized that the evaluation of the knowledge-based system is very important and difficult in the development of expert systems in the domains such as aviation and navigation. To alleviate some of the difficulties, and to reduce the development cost, the authors proposed an evaluating procedure based on simulation. The proposed procedure was designed to validate the functionality and capability of an expert system that was developed to provide decision-making support in ship navigation. In this paper, the developed expert system for collision avoidance is first outlined, and the procedure to evaluate the developed expert system by using a simulation-based approach is presented in details. It is also concluded that the simulation-based procedure is feasible and effective for evaluating expert systems in a number of different domains.
20253419
Grid computing in Taiwan
Grid computing focuses on aggregating resources (e.g., processor cycles, disk storage and contents) from a large-scale computing environment. It intends to deliver high-performance distributed platforms for computationand/or data-intensive applications. In this paper, we study the enabling techniques for Grid computing for high-performance computing. Our goals are to: (1) understand the design of these key components; (2) set up a Grid computing platform; (3) learn how to create Grid-enabled high-performance applications; and (4) share experiences on constructing such platforms and applications from the status of Taiwan.
42663338
Automatic curve fitting with quadratic B-spline functions and its applications to computer-assisted animation
Abstract Automatic fitting to digitized curves by quadratic B-spline functions is discussed. Due to its simplicity, it is possible to find a quick fit within a given error tolerance bound which is defined as the maximum distance between the fitted curve and the original curve. Again due to the simple form of a quadratic polynomial, some complicated computations in computer-assisted animation such as hidden line removal can also be easily handled.
350148
Visualization tools for self-organizing maps
Various statistical and pattern recognition techniques, such as concept spaces and category maps in the Illinois Digital Library project, has been explored to solve the semantic interoperability problem in DLI-1. Self-organizing category map is identified as a powerful tool for information summarization. However, visualizing a large-scale self-organizing map in a restricted size of window is difficult. For smaller regions, displaying labels is infeasible. In this paper, two visualization tools, fisheye view and fractal view, are presented. It assists users to visualize a largescale self-organizing map geographically and semantically.
6814568
PMS: A PVC Management System for ATM Networks
Reported in this paper is the developed PMS, a PVC management system for ATM networks. PMS provides a scalable, end-to-end path management solution required for managing today's complex ATM networks. It aims to assist the network operators to perform PVC operations with simplified procedures and automatic optimum route selection. It also aims to provide effective decision-making support for PVC fault identification and prevention to the network operators.