44569612
A New Cache Replacement Algorithm in SMO
In the methods for training Support Vector Machines (SVM), precomputed elements in the Hessian matrix are usually cached in order to avoid recomputation. However, the least-recent-used replacement algorithm that is widely used is not suitable since the elements are requested in an irregular way. A new cache replacement algorithm applied in Sequential Minimal Optimization (SMO) is presented in the paper. The item corresponding to the component with minimal violation of the Karush-Kuhn-Tucher (KKT) condition is deleted to make room for new one when the cache is full. It is shown in the experiments that the hit ratio of the cache is improved compared with LRU cache while the training time can be reduced in the tasks where the computation of elements in Hessian matrix is very time-consuming.
38635352
A neural network based classifier for handwritten Chinese character recognition
In this paper, a geometrical approach for building neural networks is proposed. With the proposed approach, it is very easy to construct an efficient neural classifier to solve the handwritten Chinese character recognition problem, as well as other pattern recognition problems of large scale. Experiments are conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed approach and results obtained are promising.
16979558
Region-based relevance feedback in image retrieval
Relevance feedback and region-based representation of images are two effective ways to improve accuracy in content-based image retrieval. We propose a novel relevance feedback approach based on region representation. It can be considered as a special case of the query point movement method in region-based image retrieval. By assembling all the segmented regions of positive examples together and resizing the regions to emphasize the latest positive examples, we form a composite image as the optimal query. A region-based image similarity measure is used to calculate the distance between the optimal query and an image in the database. An incremental clustering technique is also considered to improve the retrieval efficiency. Experimental results show that the proposed approach is effective in improving the performance of content-based image retrieval systems.
18082456
Mining Quantitative Associations in Large Database
Association Rule Mining algorithms operate on a data matrix to derive association rule, discarding the quantities of the items, which contains valuable information. In order to make full use of the knowledge inherent in the quantities of the items, an extension named Ratio Rules [6] is proposed to capture the quantitative association. However, the approach, which is addressed in [6], is mainly based on Principle Component Analysis (PCA) and as a result, it cannot guarantee that the ratio coefficient is non-negative. This may lead to serious problems in the association rules' application. In this paper, a new method, called Principal Non-negative Sparse Coding (PNSC), is provided for learning the associations between itemsets in the form of Ratio Rules. Experiments on several datasets illustrate that the proposed method performs well for the purpose of discovering latent associations between itemsets in large datasets.
1876424
A Similarity Reinforcement Algorithm for Heterogeneous Web Pages
Many machine learning and data mining algorithms crucially rely on the similarity metrics. However, most early research works such as Vector Space Model or Latent Semantic Index only used single relationship to measure the similarity of data objects. In this paper, we first use an Intra- and Inter- Type Relationship Matrix (IITRM) to represent a set of heterogeneous data objects and their inter-relationships. Then, we propose a novel similarity-calculating algorithm over the Inter- and Intra- Type Relationship Matrix. It tries to integrate information from heterogeneous sources to serve their purposes by iteratively computing. This algorithm can help detect latent relationships among heterogeneous data objects. Our new algorithm is based on the intuition that the intra-relationship should affect the inter-relationship, and vice versa. Experimental results on the MSN logs dataset show that our algorithm outperforms the traditional Cosine similarity.
14677925
Universal IP multicast delivery
A ubiquitous and efficient multicast data delivery service is essential to the success of large-scale group communication applications. The original IP multicast design is to enhance network routers with multicast capability [S. Deering, D. Cheriton, Multicast routing in datagram internetworks and extended LANs, ACM Transactions on Computer Systems 8(2) (1990) 85-110]. This approach can achieve great transmission efficiency and performance but also poses a critical dependency on universal deployment. A different approach, overlay multicast, moves multicast functionality to end hosts, thereby removing the dependency on router deployment, albeit at the cost of noticeable performance penalty compared to IP multicast. In this paper we present the Universal Multicast (UM) framework, along with a set of mechanisms and protocols, to provide ubiquitous multicast delivery service on the Internet. Our design can fully utilize native IP multicast wherever it is available, and automatically build unicast tunnels to connect IP Multicast "islands" to form an overall multicast overlay. The UM design consists of three major components: an overlay multicast protocol (HMTP) for inter-island routing, an intra-island multicast management protocol (HGMP) to glue overlay multicast and native IP multicast together, and a daemon program to implement the functionality at hosts. In addition to performance evaluation through simulations, we have also implemented parts of the UM framework. Our prototype implementation has been used to broadcast several workshops and the ACM SIGCOMM 2004 conference live on the Internet. We present some statistics collected during the live broadcast and describe mechanisms we adopted to support end hosts behind Network Address Translation (NAT) gateways and firewalls.
32935353
Online Supervised Learning for Digital Library
We propose an online learning algorithm for digital library. It learns from a data stream and overcomes the inherent problem of other incremental operations. Experiments on RCV1 show the superior performance of it.
8056566
Bayesian Evolutionary Optimization Using Helmholtz Machines
Recently, several evolutionary algorithms have been proposed that build and use an explicit distribution model of the population to perform optimization. One of the main issues in this class of algorithms is how to estimate the distribution of selected samples. In this paper, we present a Bayesian evolutionary algorithm (BEA) that learns the sample distribution by a probabilistic graphical model known as Helmholtz machines. Due to the generative nature and availability of the wake-sleep learning algorithm, the Helmholtz machines provide an effective tool for modeling and sampling from the distribution of selected individuals. The proposed method has been applied to a suite of GA-deceptive functions. Experimental results show that the BEA with the Helmholtz machine outperforms the simple genetic algorithm.