7065263
Conic-based algorithm for visual line estimation from one image
This work describes a method to estimate visual line from a single monocular image. By assuming that the visual lines of the both eyes are parallel and the iris boundaries are circles, we propose a "two-circle" algorithm that can estimate the normal vector of the supporting plane of the iris boundaries, from which the direction of the visual line can be calculated. Most existing gaze estimation algorithms require eye corners and some heuristic knowledge about the structure of the eye in addition to the iris contours. In contrast to the exiting methods, our one does not use either of that additional information. Another advantage of our algorithm is that a camera with an unknown focal length can be used without assuming the orthographical projection. This is a very useful feature because it allows one to use a zoom lens and to change the zooming factor whenever he or she likes. It also gives one more freedom of the camera setting because keeping the camera far from the eyes is not necessary in our method. The extensive experiments over simulated images and real images demonstrate the robustness and the effectiveness of our method.
120321600
Visual line estimation from a single image of two eyes
This paper describes a conic-based algorithm for estimating visual line from a single monocular image. By assuming that the visual lines of the both eyes are parallel and the iris boundaries are circles, we propose a "two-circle" algorithm that can estimate the normal vector of the supporting plane of the iris boundaries, from which the visual line is calculated. Our new method does not use either the eye corners, or some heuristic knowledge about the structure of the eye. Another advantage of our algorithm is that a camera with an unknown focal length can be used without assuming the orthographical projection. This is a very useful feature because it allows one to use a zoom lens and to change the zooming factor whenever he or she likes. It also gives one more freedom of the camera setting because keeping the camera far from the eyes is not necessary in our method. The extensive experiments over simulated images and real images demonstrate the robustness and the effectiveness of our method.
18106873
Camera Calibration with Two Arbitrary Coplanar Circles
In this paper, we describe a novel camera calibration method to estimate the extrinsic parameters and the focal length of a camera by using only one single image of two coplanar circles with arbitrary radius.
30329569
Lock-control System Using Face Identification
Security system is on the evolution as computer technology advances. One of the most important security is lock-control. This paper presents the PASSFACE system which is a lock-control system using face identification. There are three main processes in the face identification: 1) extraction of a face, 2) normalization of the size and the pose of the face image, 3) matching of facial features (eye, nose and mouth). In order to achieve high reliability, the normalization process searches inner corners of eyes and then applies affine transformation to the face image according to the positions of the detected inner corners. The matching is performed on facial features by template matching. Thresholds of the matching are determined by statistical estimation. When the system identifies a registered person, it unlocks the door. We have implemented this system and evaluated the usefulness of it.
31690449
Face detection by fuzzy pattern matching
The paper describes an approach to detect faces whose size and position are unknown in an image with a complex background. The candidates of faces are detected by finding out "face like" regions in the input image using the fuzzy pattern matching method. The perceptually uniform color space is used in our research in order to obtain reliable results. The skin color that is used to detect face like regions, is represented by a model developed by us called skin color distribution function. The skin color regions are then extracted by estimating a measure that describes how well the color of a pixel looks like the skin color for each pixel in the input image. The faces which appear in images are modeled as several 2 dimensional patterns. The face like regions are extracted by a fuzzy pattern matching approach using these face models. The face candidates are then verified by estimating how well the extracted facial features fit a face model which describes the geometrical relations among facial features.<<ETX>>
11087494
3D head pose estimation without feature tracking
We present a robust approach to estimate the 3D pose of human heads in a single image. In contrast with other research, this method only makes use of the information about the skin region and the hair region of heads. At first, we use an efficient algorithm based on a perceptually uniform color system and fuzzy theory to extract the skin region and hair region, which are then used to detect faces in images. After that, the areas, the centers, and the axis of the least inertia both of the skin region and the hair region are calculated, which are then used to estimate the 3D pose of the head. We tested our method by estimating the 3D pose of a head from live video sequences. The three angles describing the three rotation elements of a head about X, Y and Z axes are extracted from each frame of the image sequence, which are then sent to a program that generates CG animations of a synthesized head in the estimated pose.
1064060
Feasibility study of using mobile gateways for providing internet connectivity in public transportation vehicles
The extension of Internet services to public transport passengers is slowly becoming inevitable. Several architectures for providing Internet access to moving vehicles have been evaluated in the past. However, most of these studies have focused on using static gateways. In this paper, we study the feasibility of an architecture that involves deploying mobile gateways on a selected subset of public transport vehicles for providing Internet connectivity to the entire fleet. The vehicles organize as dynamic clusters and connect to the Internet by communicating with the gateways via multi-hop paths. We evaluate the underlying connectivity characteristics and the coverage achieved by employing an optimal gateway placement strategy. In our analysis, we use realistic movement patterns of public transport buses in a metropolitan city. We also propose a prediction based enhancement, which takes advantage of the known mobility patterns of the buses to improve the performance of the multi-hop routing protocols employed within each cluster.
2219012
Ohio State University at the 2004 DARPA Grand Challenge: Developing a Completely Autonomous Vehicle
The DARPA Grand Challenge is a field test designed to accelerate R&D in autonomous ground vehicles that save lives on the future battlefield. At Ohio State University, we have extensive experience in developing autonomous ground vehicles. Our goal was to create a completely autonomous vehicle that could negotiate most of the GC 04 route and perhaps even finish the race. To achieve our goal, we needed to conquer three main technical challenges. The first was to install drive-by-wire technology in the vehicle and to modify the vehicle to fulfill DARPA safety requirements. The second challenge was to provide sensing and information fusion algorithms. The third challenge was control.
11734040
Analyzing Security Protocols Using Association Rule Mining
Current studies to analyzing security protocols using formal methods require users to predefine authentication goals. Besides, they are unable to discover potential correlations between secure messages. This research attempts to analyze security protocols using data mining. This is done by extending the idea of association rule mining and converting the verification of protocols into computing the frequency and confidence of inconsistent secure messages. It provides a novel and efficient way to analyze security protocols and find out potential correlations between secure messages. The conducted experiments demonstrate our approaches.
16103789
A flexible image retrieval and multimedia presentation management system for multimedia databases
In today's fast-growing information age, multimedia data is becoming more and more common in daily applications, however this data is nearly useless if there is no computer-aided browsing, searching, and retrieving mechanism to obtain the desired contents. In this demonstration, we present a multimedia query and presentation management system for multimedia databases. It uses an unsupervised segmentation method for image and video feature extraction. A presentation design interface systems is provided that allows query results to be used to create multimedia presentations.
8765654
Virtual Reality Tools for Internet-Based Robotic Teleoperation
This paper describes the general system and software architecture for the Internet-based robotic teleoperation system using virtual reality tools. The existing technology and application are discussed in this paper. An example is also presented based on the general architecture. Finally, the conclusion and future research direction are given.