7920215
The design of a secure and pervasive multimodal Web system
While most users currently receive Web services from Web browser interfaces, pervasive computing is emerging and offering new ways of accessing Internet applications from any device at any location (Satyanarayanan, 2002; Estrin et al., 2002), by utilizing various modes of interfaces to interact with their end users. The PC and its back-end servers remain important in a pervasive system, and the technology could involve new ways of interfacing with a PC and/or various types of gateways to back-end servers. In this research, cellular phone was used as the pervasive device for accessing an Internet application prototype, a multimodal Web system (MWS), through voice user interface technology (Anerousis and Panagos, 2002). This paper describes how MWS was designed to provide a secure interactive voice channel using an Apache Web server, a voice server, and a Java servlet engine. It was also shown that multimodal user-interface pages can be generated by using XSLT stylesheet which transforms XML documents into various formats including XHTML, WML, and VoiceXML.
20494586
The implementation of a secure and pervasive multimodal Web system architecture
While most users currently access Web applications from Web browser interfaces, pervasive computing is emerging and offering new ways of accessing Internet applications from any device at any location, by utilizing various modes of interfaces to interact with their end users. The PC and its back-end servers remain important in a pervasive system, and the technology could involve new ways of interfacing with a PC and/or various types of gateways to back-end servers. In this research, cellular phone was used as the pervasive device for accessing an Internet application prototype, a multimodal Web system (MWS), through voice user interface technology. This paper describes how MWS was developed to provide a secure interactive voice channel using an Apache Web server, a voice server, and Java technology. Securing multimodal applications proves more challenging than securing traditional Internet applications. Various standards have been developed within a context of Java 2 Micro Edition (J2ME) platform to secure multimodal and wireless applications. In addition to covering these standards and their applicability to the MWS system implementation, this paper also shows that multimodal user-interface page can be generated by using XSLT stylesheet which transforms XML documents into various formats including XHTML, WML, and VoiceXML.
33123897
Assessing users' product-specific knowledge for personalization in electronic commerce
While many electronic commerce (EC) companies are adopting one-to-one marketing approaches using various personalization technologies to make their products and services unique for the purpose of attracting and retaining customers and improving their completion edges in the EC ecosystem, which, nevertheless, has low entrance barriers for new players to join and further intensify the competition, none or few of them consider a fundamental issue-the user's product-specific knowledge. Our research proposed to add this new domain of the customer's knowledge on appropriate target products into the personalization process as a part of the overall EC strategy for businesses. In this paper, we present our initial design for assessing the user's product-specific knowledge using the proposed innovative method for detecting it directly in a non-intrusive way without asking users to answer or fill out any types of questionnaires. Our method is based on customer's on-line navigation behaviors by analyzing their navigation patterns through pre-trained artificial neural networks. An empirical study designed for a case of EC store selling digital cameras was conducted in our research to prove the concept, and a good preliminary result was derived from the study. For the purpose of comparing the performances between the conventional approach of using questionnaire and the proposed innovative approach of navigation pattern mining, a questionnaire based approach for evaluating the user's product-specific knowledge was designed and incorporated into our knowledge level assessment system (KLAS). Our study result shows that although the pure questionnaire-based KLAS is intrusive and may not be accepted by some users, for those users willing to complete the questionnaire, the proposed navigation pattern approach can be combined with the questionnaire-based approach to create a hybrid KLAS which has a significantly improved accuracy rate in detecting the customer's product knowledge level.
9245687
Multi-sensor Information Fusion by Query Refinement
To support the retrieval and fusion of multimedia information from multiple real-time sources and databases, a novel approach for sensor-based query processing is described. The sensor dependency tree is used to facilitate query optimization. Through query refinement one or more sensor may provide feedback information to the other sensors. The approach is also applicable to evolutionary queries that change in time and/or space, depending upon the temporal/spatial coordinates of the query originator.
1382308
Towards a theory of normalization for multimedia databases
We present a theory of normalization for multimedia databases. We introduce new types of functional dependencies between different types of media data. Thus, the definition of functional dependency is based upon a specific technology used to detect semantic relationships between complex data types, which need to be compared through approximate matching paradigms.
17696401
Visually Searching the Web for Content
New visual information in the form of images, graphics, animations and videos is published on the World Wide Web at an incredible rate. However, cataloging it exceeds the capabilities of current text-based Web search engines. WebSeek provides a complete system that collects visual information from the Web by automated agents, then catalogs and indexes it for fast searching and retrieval.
29445534
Gesture-enhanced information retrieval and presentation in a distributed learning environment
We describe a novel multimodal gesture-enhanced interface to provide immersive as well as non-immersive, non-intrusive and natural interaction between the user and the information system in a distributed learning environment. Different types of gestures are dynamically transformed into clues for spatial/temporal queries for multimedia information sources and databases. The transformation can depend upon the location, the time, the task, and the user profile. Using various transcoding schemes, the retrieved information can be presented to the user in a multi-resolution, multi-dimensional, and multimodal manner.
784372
Clustering methods for video browsing and annotation
The large amount of video data makes it a tedious and hard job to browse and annotate them by just fast forward and rewind. Recent works in video parsing provide a foundation for building interactive and content based video browsing systems. In this paper, a generalized top-down hierarchial clustering process, which adopts partition clustering recursively at each level of the hierarchy, is studied and used to build hierarchical views of video shots. With the clustering processes, when a list of video programs or clips is provided, a browsing system can use either key-frame and/or shot features to cluster shots into classes, each of which consists of shots of similar content. After such clustering, each class of shots can be represented by an icon, which can then be displayed at the high levels of a hierarchical browser. As a result, users can know roughly the content of video shots even without moving down to a lower level of the hierarchy.