122532581
Lorentz deformation and the jet phenomenon
It is shown that the Lorentz-deformation property discussed in previous papers is consistent with the hadronic jet phenomenon in high-energy production processes.
1320799
Wigner rotations and Iwasawa decompositions in polarization optics.
Wigner rotations and Iwasawa decompositions are manifestations of the internal space-time symmetries of massive and massless particles, respectively. It is shown to be possible to produce combinations of optical filters which exhibit transformations corresponding to Wigner rotations and Iwasawa decompositions. This is possible because the combined effects of rotation, phase-shift, and attenuation filters lead to transformation matrices of the six-parameter Lorentz group applicable to Jones vectors and Stokes parameters for polarized light waves. The symmetry transformations in special relativity lead to a set of experiments which can be performed in optics laboratories.
1673726
Symmetries Shared by the Poincaré Group and the Poincaré Sphere
Henri Poincare formulated the mathematics of Lorentz transformations, known as the Poincare group. He also formulated the Poincare sphere for polarization optics. It is shown that these two mathematical instruments can be derived from the two-by-two representations of the Lorentz group. Wigner’s little groups for internal space-time symmetries are studied in detail. While the particle mass is a Lorentz-invariant quantity, it is shown to be possible to address its variations in terms of the decoherence mechanism in polarization optics.
73571003
Time separation as a hidden variable to the Copenhagen school of quantum mechanics
The Bohr radius is a space‐like separation between the proton and electron in the hydrogen atom. According to the Copenhagen school of quantum mechanics, the proton is sitting in the absolute Lorentz frame. If this hydrogen atom is observed from a different Lorentz frame, there is a time‐like separation linearly mixed with the Bohr radius. Indeed, the time‐separation is one of the essential variables in high‐energy hadronic physics where the hadron is a bound state of the quarks, while thoroughly hidden in the present form of quantum mechanics. It will be concluded that this variable is hidden in Feynman’s rest of the universe. It is noted first that Feynman’s Lorentz‐invariant differential equation for the bound‐state quarks has a set of solutions which describe all essential features of hadronic physics. These solutions explicitly depend on the time separation between the quarks. This set also forms the mathematical basis for two‐mode squeezed states in quantum optics, where both photons are observable,...
14939249
Coupled Harmonic Oscillators and Feynman's Rest of the Universe
According to Feynman, the universe consists of two parts - the system in which we are interested and the rest of the universe which our measurement process does not reach. Feynman then formulates the density matrix in terms of the observable world and the rest of the universe. It is shown that coupled harmonic oscillators can serve as an illustrative example for Feynman's ``rest of the universe.'' It is pointed out that this simple example has far-reaching consequences in many branches of physics, including statistical mechanics, measurement theory, information theory, thermo-field dynamics, quantum optics, and relativistic quantum mechanics. It is shown that our ignorance of the rest of the universe increases the uncertainty and entropy in the system in which we are interested.
668406
Quantization of electromagnetic fields in a circular cylindrical cavity
We present a quantization procedure for the electromagnetic field in a circular cylindrical cavity with perfectly conducting walls, which is based on the decomposition of the field. A new decomposition procedure is proposed; all vector mode functions satisfying the boundary conditions are obtained with the help of this decomposition. After expanding the quantized field in terms of the vector mode functions, it is possible to derive the Hamiltonian for this quantized system.
14332037
Mass and Spin Measurement with M(T2) and MAOS Momentum
We discuss the M T 2 -kink method to determine the masses of both the dark matter WIMP and its mother particle produced at the LHC. We then introduce a new kinematic variable, the M T 2 -Assisted-On-Shell (MAOS) momentum, that provides a systematic approximation to the invisible particle momenta in hadron collider events producing a pair of invisible particles, and apply it to certain SUSY processes and their UED equivalents to determine the spin of gluino/KK-gluon and of slepton/KK-lepton. An application of the MAOS momentum to the SM Higgs mass measurement is briefly discussed also.
16754660
DEVELOPMENT OF THE SIMULATOR FOR THE GLOBAL ORBIT FEEDBACK SYSTEM USING EPICS
We have carried out the basic research for the accelerator and tokamak control system based on the Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System (EPICS). We have used the process database and the state notation language (SNL) in the EPICS to develop the simulator which represents as a virtual machine. In this paper, we introduce the simulator of the global orbit feedback system as an example. This simulates the global orbit feedback system under the constraint conditions for Pohang Light Source (PLS) storage ring. We describe the details of the feedback algorithm and the realization of the simulator.
3194304
Kaon Condensation and Enforced Charge Neutrality of the Color-Flavor Locked Phase
We investigate the influence of charged kaon condensation in hadronic sector on the formation of the electron-free charge neutral quark matter of equipartition of three light flavors, i.e., a phenomenon called ``enforced electrical neutrality" of the color-flavor locked (CFL) phase. We employ the chiral quark model which is assumed to be applicable, "bottom-up," toward chiral restoration while accessible to kaon condensation in the hadronic sector. Approaching "bottom-up" the high density regime is more appropriate in addressing the properties of compact stars than approaching "top-down" from asymptotic QCD. It turns out that the presence of hadronic kaon condensation makes the electron-free charge-neutral CFL phase energetically more favorable with a relatively small color-superconducting gap $\Delta_0\sim 20$ MeV compared to $\Delta_0\sim 70$ MeV required in the absence of such kaon condensation.
119989858
Evidence of a Quark in a High-Energy Cosmic-Ray Bubble-Chamber Picture
119495662
Direct radiative recombination of electrons with atomic ions: Cross sections and rate coefficients
Simple expressions are obtained which permit systematic estimates of the rate coefficients for direct radiative recombination (DRR) of fast electrons with atomic ions of various ionic species. The analysis utilizes a set of cross sections obtained through numerical calculations combined with the use of an interpolation scheme to smoothly connect reduced cross sections (apart from normalizations) of the bremsstrahlung tip region and the low-lying DRR region. It is shown that these numerical cross sections can be reproduced by the predictions of a modified semiclassical Kramers formula with an appropriate effective charge Z/sub eff/, which is larger than the effective charge which reproduces the energy levels of the states into which capture occurs. In accord with this modified Kramers formula, the numerically obtained total cross sections are shown to scale with Z/sub eff//sup 2//K for each isoelectronic sequence, and with a parameter (n/sub 0/)/sub eff/ which characterizes each isoelectronic sequence. Using these scaling properties, simple analytic expressions are obtained for recombination rate coefficients, for the rate of electron kinetic-energy loss, and for the rate of radiated power loss, assuming a classical Maxwell-Boltzmann thermal distribution of continuum electrons.