120746581
Covariant quantum mechanics of the superstring
Abstract Ten-dimensional superstring theory is covariantly quantized using the lagrangian BRST method of Batalin and Vilkovisky. In a conformal gauge the quantum action is given by a free-field action involving the classical fields and an infinite tower of ghosts. It is invariant under an infinite extension of the global supersymmetry of the classical action. A discussion is given of the cancellation of the conformal anomaly. The classical fields together with their ghosts fit into a vector and a metaplectic (spinor) representation of an OSp supergroup.
9607753
Anomalous creation of branes
In certain circumstances when two branes pass through each other a third brane is produced stretching between them. We explain this phenomenon by the use of chains of dualities and the inflow of charge that is required for the absence of chiral gauge anomalies when pairs of D-branes intersect.
121755839
PHASE CONTOURS AND BOOTSTRAPS. I.
120539667
Anomaly cancellations in supersymmetric D = 10 gauge theory and superstring theory☆
Abstract Supersymmetric ten-dimensional Yang-Mills theory coupled to N = 1, D = 10 supergravity has gauge and gravitational anomalies that can be partially cancelled by the addition of suitable local interactions. The remaining pieces of all the anomalies cancel if the gauge group is SO(32) or E 8 × E 8 . These cancellations are automatically incorporated in the type I superstring theory based on SO(32). A superstring theory for E 8 × E 8 has not yet been constructed.
123230985
Off-shell states in the dual model
Abstract We present a class of Lorentz invariant, gauge invariant off-shell amplitudes for the ordinary Veneziano and Ramond-Neveu-Schwarz dual models. They correspond to interactions with the string which are local in space-time.
121062482
N=4 Yang-Mills and N=8 Supergravity as Limits of String Theories
The formulation of supersymmetric string theories in ten dimensions is generalized to incorporate compactified dimensions. Expressions for the one-loop four-particle S -matrix elements of N = 4 Yang-Mills and N = 8 supergravity in four dimensions are obtained by studying the string-theory loop amplitudes in the limit that the radii of the compactified dimensions and the Regge slope parameter simultaneously approach zero. If certain patterns that emerge should persist in the higher orders of perturbation theory, then N = 4 Yang-Mills in four dimensions would be ultraviolet finite to all orders, whereas N = 8 supergravity in four dimensions would have ultraviolet divergences starting at three loops.
29897332
High-gradient normal-conducting RF structures for muon cooling channels
We present a status report on the research and development of high-gradient normal-conducting RF structures for the ionization cooling of rations in a neutrino factory or muon collider. High-gradient RF structures are required in regions enclosed in strong focussing solenoidal magnets, precluding the application of superconducting RF technology. We propose using linear accelerating structures, with individual cells electromagnetically isolated, to achieve the required gradients of over 15 MV/m at 201 MHz and 30 MV/m at 805 MHz. Each cell will be powered independently, and cell length and drive phase adjusted to optimise shunt impedance of the assembled structure. This efficient design allows for relatively small field enhancement on the structure walls, and an accelerating field approximately 1.7 times greater than the peak surface field. The electromagnetic boundary of each cell may be provided by a thin Be sheet, or an assembly of thin-walled metal tubes. Use of thin, low-Z materials will allow passage of the muon beams without significant deterioration in beam quality due to scattering. R&D in design and analysis of robust structures that will operate under large electric and magnetic fields and RF current heating are discussed, including the experimental program based in a high-power test laboratory developed for this purpose.
6205052
The Effect of Magnetic Field on the Position of HTS Leads and the Cooler in the Services Tower of the MICE Focusing Magnet
The MICE focusing solenoids have three 4 K coolers (two for the superconducting magnet and one for the liquid absorber) and four HTS leads that feed the current to the focusing coils. The focusing solenoids produce large radial external fields when they operate with the polarity of the two coils in opposition (the gradient or flip mode). When the MICE focusing coils operate at the same polarity (the solenoid or non-flip mode), the fields are much smaller and parallel to the axis of the solenoid. The worst-case magnetic field affects the selection of the cooler and the HTS leads. This magnetic field can also determine the height of the service towers that house the three coolers and the four HTS leads. This paper shows the criteria used for Cooler selection, HTS lead selection, and the position of both the cooler and leads with respect to the solenoid axis of rotation.
28498071
Magnet system design with cost optimization
The problem of optimizing the design of magnet systems to simultaneously satisfy a set of constraint equations for field, geometry, protection, and stability while minimizing the total system cost is considered. A mathematical description of the problem is given, along with details concerning possible constraint algorithms and cost functions. Rules for the optimal selection of magnet technology (potted, ventilated, and cable-in-conduit coils) are presented. The resulting sets of equations can be solved by different numerical methods; the final choice is based on considerations of functional form as well as computational speed and accuracy. Depending on the choice of constraint equations, the resulting problem may or may not be smooth, and may or may not admit multiple minima. The choice of minimization algorithm can be tailored to the situation at hand to yield optimal performance. We present results pertaining to an alternating-field solenoid system being considered by the MuCool collaboration. The system design requires consideration of field profile, magnet stability, magnet structure, and protection, as well as total cost. A key application of the optimization code is the analysis of cost trade-off with respect to the imposed constraints, and examples are given in the alternating-solenoid case.
117651698
Field generated within the SSC magnets due to persistant currents in the superconductor
This report presents the results of a number of computer studies of the magnetic fields generated by persistent circulating currents in the superconductor of superconducting dipoles. These magnetic fields are referred to as residual fields throughout this report. Since the field generated by persistent currents have a hysteric behavior, they are analagous to the residual filed found in iron bound conventional solenoids. The residual field calculations presented in this report were done using the LBL SCMAG4 computer code. This code has not been well tested against measured data, but a comparison with measured CBA data given in this report suggests that good agreement is possible. The residual fields generated by persistent superconducting currents are rich in higher multipoles. This is of concern to the accelerator designer for SSC. This report shows the effect of various superconductor parameters and coil parameters on the magnitude and structure of the residual fields. The effect of the magnet charging history on residual fields is aldo discussed. 14 references.
58932013
A test of a superconducting solenoid for the MuCool RF experiment
This report describes the results of a series of tests of a 440-mm warm bore split solenoid used for testing 805 MHz RF cavities. The solenoid consists of two coils each 250-mm long separated by a gap of 140 mm. The solenoid was designed to operate in two modes; a solenoid mode with the two coils hooked in the same polarity and a gradient mode with the two coils hooked in opposite polarity. In the solenoid mode, the magnet is designed to produce an induction of 5 T over a region that is about 400 mm long. In the gradient mode, the solenoid produces a field gradient of 25 T per meter along the axis over a distance of about 300-mm. The solenoid was designed to carry a force of over 3 MN that pushes the two coils apart, when the magnet is operated in the gradient mode. In order to carry this force, the coils are encased within aluminum shells, both inside and outside. Since this solenoid is encased in aluminum and the coils are potted, training was observed. The magnet training history and magnet field measurements are presented in this report.