2198276
Coupled Markov random field models with phases as line field and region field
We investigate a boundary-based and a region-based coupled Markov random field model, both of which are useful in image restorations of gray-level images. In the conventional boundary-based and the conventional region-based coupled Markov random field models, both a line field and a region field take only two discrete states, 0 and 1. In the boundary-based coupled random field model, existence and nonexistence of the edge at each nearest-neighbor pair of pixels are denoted by 1 and 0, respectively. In the region-based coupled random field model, some different regions at each pixel are labeled by discrete numbers. We propose a boundary-based coupled Markov random field model with continuous line field and a region-based coupled Markov random field model with continuous segmentation field from a standpoint of a plane rotator model in statistical mechanics. The iterative algorithms for image restoration are constructed by using a mean-field approximation. We investigate how the proposed models produce a better quality of restored images. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Comp Jpn, 34(7): 24–33, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/scj.10364
7133208
Statistical Learning Procedure in Loopy Belief Propagation for Probabilistic Image Processing
We give a fast and practical algorithm for statistical learning hyperparameters from observable data in probabilistic image processing, which is based on Gaussian graphical model and maximum likelihood estimation. Although hyperparameters in the probabilistic model are determined so as to maximize a marginal likelihood, a practical algorithm is described for the EM algorithm with the loopy belief propagation which is one of approximate inference algorithms in artificial intelligence
11983347
Linear Response Formula in Generalized Belief Propagation for Probabilistic Inference
Linear response formulas for the generalized belief propagation in approximate inference are derived by using generalized belief propagation. The linear response formulas can give us the marginal probability between every pair of nodes and we obtain good accuracy in some examples of practical probabilistic inferences
15731243
TORNADO: omnistereo video imaging with rotating optics
One of the key techniques for vision-based communication is omnidirectional stereo (omnistereo) imaging, in which stereoscopic images for an arbitrary horizontal direction are captured and presented according to the viewing direction of the observer. Although omnistereo models have been surveyed in several studies, few omnistereo sensors have actually been implemented. In this paper, a practical method for capturing omnistereo video sequences using rotating optics is proposed and evaluated. The rotating optics system consists of prism sheets, circular or linear polarizing films, and a hyperboloidal mirror. This system has two different modes of operation with regard to the separation of images for the left and right eyes. In the high-speed shutter mode, images are separated using postimage processing, while, in the low-speed shutter mode, the image separation is completed by optics. By capturing actual images, we confirmed the effectiveness of the methods.
35660731
Some Properties of Fuzzy Sets of Type 2
The concept of fuzzy sets of type 2 has been defined by L. A. Zadeh as an extension of ordinary fuzzy sets. The fuzzy set of type 2 can be characterized by a fuzzy membership function the grade (or fuzzy grade) of which is a fuzzy set in the unit interval [0, 1] rather than a point in [0, 1]. This paper investigates the algebraic structures of fuzzy grades under the operations of join ⊔, meet ⊔, and negation ┐ which are defined by using the extension principle, and shows that convex fuzzy grades form a commutative semiring and normal convex fuzzy grades form a distributive lattice under ⊔ and ⊓. Moreover, the algebraic properties of fuzzy grades under the operations and which are slightly different from ⊔ and ⊓, respectively, are briefly discussed.
46335278
Tree-Structured Data Organization with Consecutive Retrieval Property
COMP2011 Aleksandar Ignjatovic 2005 c 2 Figure 1: A medieval copy of arguably the most influential textbook ever written, Eu-clid's Elements (Στoι χε´ια), from about 300 BC. It contains the oldest known algorithm recorded, Euclid's algorithm for computing the Greatest Common Divisor (GCD) of two natural numbers. Figure 2: First data structures: a Mesopotamian cuneiform tablet from about 3000 BC with an inventory list. Preface This booklet is not meant to be a textbook, but only a companion to the textbook that we use in this course, Cormen, Leiserson, Rivest and Stein's Introduction to Algorithms, the second edition. Its purpose is to help you read the appropriate sections of the textbook, and integrate it better with the rest of the course. It also adds a number of exercises not present in the textbook. Please read the textbook and do not rely on this supplement only.
3247078
Individual Level Analysis Using Decision Making Features in Multiagent Based Simulation
We introduce a set of evaluation tools in the framework of individual level analysis for multiagent based simulations. These tools are intended to overcome the weak points of multiagent systems: that it is difficult to avoid mistakes in description and arbitrary modeling; and to find reliable explanations of causal relationships between the model and its result. We analyze some artificial market models using an evaluation process that consists of the evaluation of initial learning maturity, discrimination between models, and the visualization of attention tendency in a group. We conclude that these analytical methods are useful for the evaluation of multiagent based simulations in terms of validation and finding causal relations.
22236580
OVID: Design and Implementation of a Video-Object Database System
A video-object data model and the design and implementation of a prototype video-object database system named OVID based on the model are described. Notable features of the video-object data model are a mechanism to share common descriptional data among video-objects, called interval-inclusion based inheritance, and operations to composite video-objects. The OVID system offers a browsing/inspection tool called VideoChart, and adhoc query facility called VideoSQL, and a video-object definition tool. >