120119811
U(1) GAUGE SYMMETRY BREAKING IN A CHARGED CLOSED UNIVERSE
We obtain the consistency condition on a U(1) gauge boson mass in a charged closed universe, m2 = 8πGJ0J0/(R – 2Λ), where J0 is the charge density.
119883211
Conflicts between B-violating phenomena in supergravity models
Abstract We show that there is an incompatibility between matter stability and cosmological baryon production in standard N = 1 supergravity models. This discrepancy emerges from the bound on the reheating temperature T rh ⩽ 10 10 GeV which comes from the restriction on the gravitino decay after inflation. Some weird possibilities to bypass the controversy are also analyzed.
18138135
Neutrino masses from discrete gauge symmetries
Abstract We investigate a model with an extra Z 2 gauge symmetry in the Standard Model. The symmetry gives a structure to the mass matrix for the neutrinos. With two extra Higgs singlets and two extra singlet right-handed neutrinos we can build a model that fits the requirements of the MSW solution of the Solar neutrino problem. With a third singlet right-handed neutrino it is also possible to have a 10 eV neutrino.
15739165
SO(10)-like Superstring Standard Model with R-parity from the Heterotic String
We construct a supersymmetric standard model in the context of the Z_{12-I} orbifold compactification of the E_8 x E_8' heterotic string theory. The gauge group is SU(3)_c x SU(2)_L x U(1)_Y x U(1)^4 x [SO(10) x U(1)^3]' with sin^2\theta_W = 3/8. We obtain three families of SO(10) spinor-like chiral matter states, and Higgs doublets. All other extra states are exactly vector-like under the standard model gauge symmetry. There are numerous standard model singlets, many of which get VEVs such that only the standard model gauge symmetry survives and desired Yukawa couplings can be generated at lower energies. In particular, all vector-like exotic states achieve superheavy masses and the R-parity can be preserved.
119316975
GMSB at a stable vacuum and MSSM without exotics from heterotic string
Abstract We show that it is possible to introduce the confining hidden sector gauge group SU ( 5 ) ′ with the chiral matter 10 0 ′ plus 5 ¯ 0 ′ , which are neutral under the standard model gauge group, toward a gauge mediated supersymmetry breaking (GMSB) in a Z 12 − I orbifold compactification of E 8 × E 8 ′ heterotic string. Three families of MSSM result without exotics. We also find a desirable matter parity P (or R-parity) assignment. We note that this model contains the spectrum of the Lee–Weinberg model which has a nice solution of the μ problem.
14574575
Effective Gauss-Bonnet interaction in Randall-Sundrum compactification
The effective gravitational interaction below the Planck scale in the Randall-Sundrum world is shown to be the Gauss-Bonnet term. In this theory we find that there exists another static solution with a positive bulk cosmological constant. Also, there exist solutions for a positive visible sector cosmological constant, which is needed for a later Friedmann-Robertson-Walker universe.
119253050
Integrated Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) analysis of primordial non-Gaussianity (fNL) in the recent CMB data
We have made a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) analysis of primordial non-Gaussianity (fNL) using the WMAP bispectrum and power spectrum. In our analysis, we have simultaneously constrained fNL and cosmological parameters so that the uncertainties of cosmological parameters can properly propagate into the fNL estimation. Investigating the parameter likelihoods deduced from MCMC samples, we find slight deviation from Gaussian shape, which makes a Fisher matrix estimation less accurate. Therefore, we have estimated the confidence interval of fNL by exploring the parameter likelihood without using the Fisher matrix. We find that the best-fit values of our analysis make a good agreement with other results, but the confidence interval is slightly different.
24389919
ANOMALOUS PARITY ASYMMETRY OF THE WILKINSON MICROWAVE ANISOTROPY PROBE POWER SPECTRUM DATA AT LOW MULTIPOLES
We have investigated non-Gaussianity of our early universe by comparing the parity asymmetry of the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) power spectrum with simulations. We find that odd-parity preference of the WMAP data (2 ≤ l ≤ 18) is anomalous at 4-in-1000 level. We find it likely that low quadrupole power is part of this parity asymmetry rather than an isolated anomaly. Further investigation is required to find out whether the origin of this anomaly is a cosmological or a systematic effect. The data from Planck Surveyor, which has systematics distinct from WMAP, will help us to resolve the origin of the anomalous odd-parity preference.
118392417
A comparison study of CORSIKA and COSMOS simulations for extensive air showers
Abstract Cosmic rays with energy exceeding ∼ 10 18  eV are referred to as ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs). Monte Carlo codes for extensive air shower (EAS) simulate the development of EASs initiated by UHECRs in the Earth’s atmosphere. Experiments to detect UHECRs utilize EAS simulations to estimate their energy, arrival direction, and composition. In this paper, we compare EAS simulations with two different codes, CORSIKA and COSMOS, presenting quantities including the longitudinal distribution of particles, depth of shower maximum, kinetic energy distribution of particle at the ground, and energy deposited to the air. We then discuss implications of our results to UHECR experiments.
53580211
The higgsino–singlino world at the large hadron collider
We consider light higgsinos and singlinos in the next-to-minimal supersymmetric standard model at the large hadron collider. We assume that the singlino is the lightest supersymmetric particle and that the higgsino is the next-to-lightest supersymmetric particle with the remaining supersymmetric particles in the multi-TeV range. This scenario, which is motivated by the flavor and CP issues, provides a phenomenologically viable dark matter candidate and improved electroweak fit consistent with the measured Higgs mass. Here, the higgsinos decay into on (off)-shell gauge boson and the singlino. We consider the leptonic decay modes and the resulting signature is three isolated leptons and missing transverse energy which is known as the trilepton signal. We simulate the signal and the Standard Model backgrounds and present the exclusion region in the higgsino–singlino mass plane at the large hadron collider at $$\sqrt{s}=14$$s=14 TeV for an integrated luminosity of 300 fb$$^{-1}$$-1.
53388178
General instanton counting and 5d SCFT
A bstractInstanton partition functions of 5d N=1$$ \mathcal{N}=1 $$ gauge theories are Witten indices for the ADHM gauged quantum mechanics with (0, 4) SUSY. We derive the integral contour prescriptions for these indices using the Jeffrey-Kirwan method, for gauge theories with hypermultiplets in various representations. The results can be used to study various 4d/5d/6d QFTs. In this paper, we study 5d SCFTs which are at the UV fixed points of 5d SYM theories. In particular, we focus on the Sp(N ) theories with Nf ≤ 7 fundamental and 1 antisymmetric hypermultiplets, living on the D4-D8-O8 systems. Their superconformal indices calculated from instantons all show ENf+1$$ {E_N}_{{}_f+1} $$ symmetry enhancements. We also discuss some aspects of the 6d SCFTs living on the M5-M9 system. It is crucial to understand the UV incompleteness of the 5d SYM, coming from small instantons in our problem. We explain in our examples how to fix them. As an aside, we derive the index for general gauged quantum mechanics with (0, 2) SUSY.