122661128
A first approach to mechanical construction and cooling of a composite 3D silicon vertex detector
Abstract This paper presents first results on mechanical and cooling studies for a 3D silicon vertex detector designed for B physics at a hadron collider. Prototype modules were built from raw silicon wafers. One module was instrumented with resistors to simulate readout electronics. Both module movement and temperature variations were recorded. A cooling method utilizing simple air/helium flow was investigated, but proved inadequate because of too large temperature anisotropies.
62352767
ASPECTS OF SCIENTIFIC VISUALIZATION FOR HEP ANALYSIS AT FERMILAB
1161525
Recent studies of dispersion matched steering for the ILC bunch compressor and main linac
The dispersion matched steering (DMS) method is studied in detail in the context of a curved main linac. In the absence of cavity tilts (rotations in the YZ plane), DMS provides a unique and stable solution with negligible emittance growth. If cavity tilts are about 300 murad, the algorithm is not very robust. The emittance growth through the entire linac for positrons is about 5 nm, if the system is strictly static and statistical averaging can be used to improve beam position measurements. This growth is mostly eliminated if the dispersion and its derivative at injection can be adjusted. If anticipated ground motion, beam and klystron jitter, beam position measurement resolution are introduced (i.e. dynamical case), the emittance preservation goal is currently not achieved by DMS alone. Mitigation strategies are outlined.
56333052
Benchmarking/Crosschecking DFS in the ILC Main Linac
In an effort to compare beam dynamics and create a ''benchmark'' for Dispersion Free Steering (DFS) a comparison was made between different ILC simulation programs while performing DFS. This study consisted of three parts. First, a simple betatron oscillation was tracked through each code. Secondly, a set of component misalignments and corrector settings generated from one program was read into the others to confirm similar emittance dilution. Thirdly, given the same set of component misalignments DFS was performed independently in each program and the resulting emittance dilution was compared. Performance was found to agree exceptionally well in all three studies.
16599712
Comparison of tracking codes for the International Linear Collider
In an effort to compare beam dynamics and create a "benchmark" for Dispersion Free Steering (DFS) a comparison was made between different International Linear Collider (ILC) simulation programs while performing DFS. This study consisted of three parts. Firstly, a simple betatron oscillation was tracked through each code. Secondly, a set of component misalignments and corrector settings generated from one program was read into the others to confirm similar emittance dilution. Thirdly, given the same set of component misalignments, DFS was performed independently in each program and the resulting emittance dilution was compared. Performance was found to agree exceptionally well in all three studies.
116622236
Beam simulation tools for GEANT4 (and neutrino source applications)
Geant4 is a tool kit developed by a collaboration of physicists and computer professionals in the High Energy Physics field for simulation of the passage of particles through matter. The motivation for the development of the Beam Tools is to extend the Geant4 applications to accelerator physics. Although there are many computer programs for beam physics simulations, Geant4 is ideal to model a beam going through material or a system with a beam line integrated to a complex detector. There are many examples in the current international High Energy Physics programs, such as studies related to a future Neutrino Factory, a Linear Collider, and a very Large Hadron Collider.
118732852
Advanced Technology from and for Basic Science: Superconductivity and Superfluid Helium at the Large Hadron Collider
55592531
Performance Assessment of Industrial Prototype Cryogenic Helium Compressors for the Large Hadron Collider
In order to develop the technology of large-capacity refrigeration at superfluid helium temperature, essential for the LHC project, CERN has procured from industry three prototype single-stage hydrodynamic cryogenic helium compressors, based on different construction choices, and tested them in the laboratory. After recalling the common functional specification, as well as the main design features of the three machines, we present comparative performance results, and draw conclusions as concerns future full-scale machines for the LHC.
121936635
Supercritical Helium Cooling of the LHC Beam Screens
The cold mass of the LHC superconducting magnets, operating in pressurised superfluid helium at 1.9 K, must be shielded from the dynamic heat loads induced by the circulating particle beams, by means of beam screens maintained at higher temperature. The beam screens are cooled between 5 and 20 K by forced flow of weakly supercritical helium, a solution which avoids two-phase flow in the long, narrow cooling channels, but still presents a potential risk of thermohydraulic instabilities. This problem has been studied by theoretical modelling and experiments performed on a full-scale dedicated test loop.
108968080
Cryogenic Infrastructure for Superfluid Helium Testing of LHC Prototype Superconducting Magnets
The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) project at CERN will require about 1800 high-field superconducting magnets, operating below 1.9 K in pressurized helium II. All magnets will be reception-tested before their installation in the 26.7 km circumference ring tunnel. For this purpose, we have installed large-capacity cryogenic facilities, beginning to operate for tests of full-scale prototype magnets produced by European industry. Based around a 6 kW@4.5 K helium refrigerator and a 25 m3 liquid helium storage, the system includes a low-pressure, 6 to 18 g/s helium pumping unit for 1.8 K refrigeration, a set of magnet cooldown and warmup units delivering each up to 120 kW of refrigeration at precisely controlled temperature, and a network of cryogenic lines for transferring liquid nitrogen, liquid helium and cold gaseous helium. All components are controlled by embedded PLCs, connected to a general supervision system for operator interface. We present the system layout and describe the design and performance of the main components.
124923269
400-Meters of Flexible Cryogenic Helium Transfer Lines.