5172950
Energy-efficient instruction set synthesis for application-specific processors
Several techniques have been proposed to enhance the energy-efficiency of ASIPs (Application-Specific Instruction set Processors). While those techniques can reduce the energy consumption with a minimal change in the instruction set (IS), they fail to exploit the opportunity of designing the entire IS from the energy-efficiency perspective. In this paper, we present an energy-efficient IS synthesis technique that can comprehensively reduce the energy-delay product (EDP) of ASIPs through optimal instruction encoding, considering both the instruction bitwidth and the dynamic instruction count. Experimental results with a typical embedded RISC processor show that our technique can generate application-specific IS's that are up to 40% more energy-efficient over the native IS for several application benchmarks.
9163139
Efficient instruction encoding for automatic instruction set design of configurable ASIPs
Application-specific instructions can significantly improve the performance, energy, and code size of configurable processors. A common approach used in the design of such instructions is to convert application-specific operation patterns into new complex instructions. However, processors with a fixed instruction bitwidth cannot accommodate all the potentially interesting operation patterns, due to the limited code space afforded by the fixed instruction bitwidth. We present a novel instruction set synthesis technique that employs an efficient instruction encoding method to achieve maximal performance improvement. We build a library of complex instructions with various encoding alternatives and select the best set of complex instructions while satisfying the instruction bitwidth constraint. We formulate the problem using integer linear programming and also present an effective heuristic algorithm. Experimental results using our technique generate instruction sets that show improvements of up to 38% over the native instruction set for several realistic benchmark applications running on a typical embedded RISC processor.
31142619
Compilation approach for coarse-grained reconfigurable architectures
Coarse-grained reconfigurable architectures can enhance the performance of critical loops and computation-intensive functions. Such architectures need efficient compilation techniques to map algorithms onto customized architectural configurations. A new compilation approach uses a generic reconfigurable architecture to tackle the memory bottleneck that typically limits the performance of many applications.
1514436
Dynamic monitoring of high-performance distributed applications
Developers and users of high-performance distributed systems often observe performance problems such as unexpectedly low throughput or high latency. Determining the source of the performance problems requires detailed end-to-end instrumentation of all components, including the applications, operating systems, hosts, and networks. However, one must be very careful to design the instrumentation to have extremely low overhead, and not affect the system being monitored. In this paper we present a very light-weight instrumentation system that can be dynamically activated to unobtrusively collect and aggregate detailed end-to-end monitoring information from distributed applications. We also show how emerging "web services" can be used to facilitate remote interaction with this system.
9952889
Extraction of Structured Rules from Web Pages and Maintenance of Mutual Consistency: XRML Approach
Web pages provide valuable knowledge for human comprehension in text, tables, and mathematical notations. However, the extraction and maintenance of structured rules from the Web pages are not easy tasks. To tackle these problems, we adopt the eXtensible Rule Markup Language framework. The RIML (Rule Identification Markup Language) and RSML (Rule Structure Markup Language) are two compliant representations in XRML for this purpose. RIML identifies the implicit rules in the Web pages possibly using multiple pages to make a rule or rule group. RSML specifies the complete rule structure to be processed by software agents or expert systems. 
 
In this study, we cover the natural text, tables, and implicit numeric functions in the texts. In order to fulfill the research goal, we define the necessary tags for the rule extraction and maintenance in XRML. Typical ones include tags for rule grouping, tabular rules, numeric operators, and functions. The rule acquisition process consists of rule base design, rule identification with RIML, and rule structuring with RSML. The maintenance process for the revisions that may occur either in Web pages and structured rules is also described. The approach is demonstrated with the shipping cost comparison on the electronic book stores.
13264531
An efficient scattered data approximation using multilevel B-splines based on quasi-interpolants
In this paper, we propose an efficient approximation algorithm using multilevel B-splines based on quasi-interpolants. Multilevel technique uses a coarse to fine hierarchy to generate a sequence of bicubic B-spline functions whose sum approaches the desired interpolation function. To compute a set of control points, quasi-interpolants gives a procedure for deriving local spline approximation methods where a B-spline coefficient only depends on data points taken from the neighborhood of the support corresponding the B-spline. Experimental results show that the smooth surface reconstruction with high accuracy can be obtained from a selected set of scattered or dense irregular samples.
223678
Automatic classification of digestive organs in wireless capsule endoscopy videos
Wireless Capsule Endoscopy (WCE) allows a physician to examine the entire small intestine without any surgical operation. With the miniaturization of wireless and camera technologies the ability comes to view the entire gestational track with little effort. Although WCE is a technical break-through that allows us to access the entire intestine without surgery, it is reported that a medical clinician spends one or two hours to assess a WCE video, It limits the number of examinations possible, and incur considerable amount of costs. To reduce the assessment time, it is critical to develop a technique to automatically discriminate digestive organs such as esophagus, stomach, small intestinal (i.e., duodenum, jejunum, and ileum) and colon. In this paper, we propose a novel technique to segment a WCE video into these anatomic parts based on color change pattern analysis. The basic idea is that the each digestive organ has different patterns of intestinal contractions that are quantified as the features. We present the experimental results that demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
26477941
A novel direction-finding method for cyclostationary signals
We develop a method based on the phase-SCORE algorithm of Agee et al. (Proc. IEEE 78 (April 1990) 753) to achieve direction finding for cyclostationary signals. Using the weight obtained from the phase-SCORE algorithm, we construct a subspace orthogonal to the subspace spanned by the direction vectors of uncorrelated signals of interest (SOIs). Finding the directions of the uncorrelated SOIs is then performed according to a subspace-fitting concept. For coping with the coherence between SOIs, we incorporate the proposed method with the well-known spatial smoothing algorithm of Shan et al. (IEEE Trans. Acoust. Speech Signal Process ASSP-33 (August 1985) 806) to alleviate the performance degradation due to coherence. Simulation examples for illustration and comparison are also provided.