119355316
SUPER-LAX OPERATOR EMBEDDED IN SELF-DUAL SUPERSYMMETRIC YANG-MILLS THEORY
We show that the super-Lax operator for N=1 supersymmetric Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (SKP) equation of Manin and Radul in three dimensions can be embedded into recently developed self-dual supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory in 2+2 dimensions, based on general features of its underlying super-Lax equation. The whole hierarchy of the SKP equations of Manin and Radul is generated by geometrical superfield equations of self-dual supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory. The differential geometrical relationship in superspace between the embedding principle of the super-Lax operator and its associated super-Sato equation is clarified. This result provides a good guiding principle for the embedding of other integrable subsystems in the super-Lax equation into the four-dimensional self-dual supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory, which is the consistent background for N=2 superstring theory, and potentially generates other unknown supersymmetric integrable models in lower dimensions.
119452106
Supersymmetric self-dual Yang-Mills and supergravity as background of the Green-Schwarz superstring☆
Abstract We present the Green-Schwarz σ-model coupled to the N =1 supersymmetric Yang-Mills and supergravity in a four-dimensional space—time with the indefinite signature (+, +, −, −). We first confirm the κ-invariance of the Green-Schwarz action, and show that all the β-functions for the backgrounds vanish consistently after the use of their superfield equations. Subsequently, we inspect the supersymmetric self-duality conditions, that have been developed in our previous paper on the Yang-Mills and supergravity backgrounds. Remarkably, the Majorana-Weyl spinor dictating the supersymmetric self-duality conditions is consistent with the couplings of the Green-Schwarz superstring. Such a Green-Schwarz superstring is supposed to be the underlying theory of the supersymmetric self-dual Yang-Mills theory, which is conjectured to generate all exactly soluble supersymmetric systems in lower dimensions.
119018898
Majorana-Weyl spinors and self-dual gauge fields in 2+2 dimensions
Abstract The properties of Dirac gamma matrices in a four-dimensional space—time with the (2, 2) signature are studied. The basic spinors are classified, and the existence of Majorana-Weyl spinors is noted. Supersymmetry in 2+2 dimensions is discussed, and the existence of the real chiral scalar supermultiplet is discovered. Supersymmetric self-dual Yang-Mills theories and self-dual supergravity model in 2+2 dimensions, that are apparently relevant to integrable systems, are formulated for the first time.
7512982
Stability analysis of Einstein/Maxwell-scalar system.
On etudie la stabilite du systeme d'Einstein-Maxwell couple a un champ scalaire a 6 dimensions. On trouve que le champ scalaire n'engendre pas d'instabilites dans une compactification monopole
25628512
Measurement of the cosmic microwave background polarization lensing power spectrum with the POLARBEAR experiment.
Gravitational lensing due to the large-scale distribution of matter in the cosmos distorts the primordial cosmic microwave background (CMB) and thereby induces new, small-scale B-mode polarization. This signal carries detailed information about the distribution of all the gravitating matter between the observer and CMB last scattering surface. We report the first direct evidence for polarization lensing based on purely CMB information, from using the four-point correlations of even- and odd-parity E- and B-mode polarization mapped over ∼30 square degrees of the sky measured by the POLARBEAR experiment. These data were analyzed using a blind analysis framework and checked for spurious systematic contamination using null tests and simulations. Evidence for the signal of polarization lensing and lensing B modes is found at 4.2σ (stat+sys) significance. The amplitude of matter fluctuations is measured with a precision of 27%, and is found to be consistent with the Lambda cold dark matter cosmological model. This measurement demonstrates a new technique, capable of mapping all gravitating matter in the Universe, sensitive to the sum of neutrino masses, and essential for cleaning the lensing B-mode signal in searches for primordial gravitational waves.
118598825
A measurement of the cosmic microwave background B-mode polarization power spectrum at sub-degree scales with POLARBEAR
We report a measurement of the B-mode polarization power spectrum in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) using the POLARBEAR experiment in Chile. The faint B-mode polarization signature carries information about the universe's entire history of gravitational structure formation, and the cosmic inflation that may have occurred in the very early universe. Our measurement covers the angular multipole range 500 < ? < 2100 and is based on observations of an effective sky area of 25? with 3.'5 resolution at 150?GHz. On these angular scales, gravitational lensing of the CMB by intervening structure in the universe is expected to be the dominant source of B-mode polarization. Including both systematic and statistical uncertainties, the hypothesis of no B-mode polarization power from gravitational lensing is rejected at 97.2% confidence. The band powers are consistent with the standard cosmological model. Fitting a single lensing amplitude parameter ABB to the measured band powers, , where ABB = 1 is the fiducial WMAP-9 ?CDM value. In this expression, stat refers to the statistical uncertainty, sys to the systematic uncertainty associated with possible biases from the instrument and astrophysical foregrounds, and multi to the calibration uncertainties that have a multiplicative effect on the measured amplitude ABB .
110431759
High-speed charge-to-time converter ASIC for the Super-Kamiokande detector
Abstract A new application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), the high-speed charge-to-time converter (QTC) IWATSU CLC101, provides three channels, each consisting of preamplifier, discriminator, low-pass filter, and charge integration circuitry, optimized for the waveform of a photomultiplier tube (PMT). This ASIC detects PMT signals using individual built-in discriminators and drives output timing signals whose width represents the integrated charge of the PMT signal. Combined with external input circuits composed of passive elements, the QTC provides full analog signal processing for the detector's PMTs, ready for further processing by time-to-digital converters (TDCs). High-rate ( > 1 MHz ) signal processing is achieved by short-charge-conversion-time and baseline-restoration circuits. Wide-range charge measurements are enabled by offering three gain ranges while maintaining a short cycle time. QTC chip test results show good analog performance, with efficient detection for a single photoelectron signal, four orders of magnitude dynamic range ( 0.3 mV ∼ 3 V ; 0.2 ∼ 2500 pC ), 1% charge linearity, 0.2 pC charge resolution, and 0.1 ns timing resolution. Test results on ambient temperature dependence, channel isolation, and rate dependence also meet specifications.
21184459
Evidence for gravitational lensing of the cosmic microwave background polarization from cross-correlation with the cosmic infrared background.
We reconstruct the gravitational lensing convergence signal from cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization data taken by the Polarbear experiment and cross-correlate it with cosmic infrared background maps from the Herschel satellite. From the cross spectra, we obtain evidence for gravitational lensing of the CMB polarization at a statistical significance of 4.0σ and indication of the presence of a lensing B-mode signal at a significance of 2.3σ. We demonstrate that our results are not biased by instrumental and astrophysical systematic errors by performing null tests, checks with simulated and real data, and analytical calculations. This measurement of polarization lensing, made via the robust cross-correlation channel, not only reinforces POLARBEAR auto-correlation measurements, but also represents one of the early steps towards establishing CMB polarization lensing as a powerful new probe of cosmology and astrophysics.