18138135
Neutrino masses from discrete gauge symmetries
Abstract We investigate a model with an extra Z 2 gauge symmetry in the Standard Model. The symmetry gives a structure to the mass matrix for the neutrinos. With two extra Higgs singlets and two extra singlet right-handed neutrinos we can build a model that fits the requirements of the MSW solution of the Solar neutrino problem. With a third singlet right-handed neutrino it is also possible to have a 10 eV neutrino.
119316975
GMSB at a stable vacuum and MSSM without exotics from heterotic string
Abstract We show that it is possible to introduce the confining hidden sector gauge group SU ( 5 ) ′ with the chiral matter 10 0 ′ plus 5 ¯ 0 ′ , which are neutral under the standard model gauge group, toward a gauge mediated supersymmetry breaking (GMSB) in a Z 12 − I orbifold compactification of E 8 × E 8 ′ heterotic string. Three families of MSSM result without exotics. We also find a desirable matter parity P (or R-parity) assignment. We note that this model contains the spectrum of the Lee–Weinberg model which has a nice solution of the μ problem.
119883211
Conflicts between B-violating phenomena in supergravity models
Abstract We show that there is an incompatibility between matter stability and cosmological baryon production in standard N = 1 supergravity models. This discrepancy emerges from the bound on the reheating temperature T rh ⩽ 10 10 GeV which comes from the restriction on the gravitino decay after inflation. Some weird possibilities to bypass the controversy are also analyzed.
56138229
Gauge CP symmetry, wormhole effects, and strong CP problem
The recent observation of four dimensional CP as a discrete gauge symmetry in 8k + 1, 8k + 2 and 8k + 3 Minkowski dimensions calls for a serious reconsid­ eration of various solutions of the strong CP problem. In these possible higher dimensions, the relevant one is a ten dimensional string theory in which a possi­ bility of light fermions exists. We point out that the model independent axion in the heterotic string theory solves the strong CP problem. We also point out that the wormhole effects to low energy global and discrete symmetries are negligible. .. " JIf',!\f':-,',f,' ,. aJ , I <\ " ; \ ,k fL .::LJ.i2" ('If"T 11 . J' ., __ ".1: 1992 11!llllnrB1i1111111 -SAlUT? -·9/ --..5~ o 11bO 0011852 5 .................. • The recent observation of four dimensional CP as a discrete gauge symmetry in 8k +1, 8k +2 and 8k +3 Minkowski dimensions [1] calls for a new understand­ ing on the weak CP violation and the strong CP invariance. Among the possible higher dimensions, the relevant one is 10 because there exists a phenomenologi­ cally viable heterotic string theory [2]. The other extra dimensions not utilized by nature are only of academic interest. In the heterotic string theory, it has been known that the four dimensional CP must be a gauge symmetry since the theory does not have any discrete symmetry except Es +-+ E~ [3]. The discrete symmetry Es +-+ E~ cannot contain the four dimensional CP of light fermions and anti-fermions since they are singlets of E~. In string theories, therefore, the required weak CP violation must arise through spontaneous breaking [4]. The Kobayashi-Maskawa weak CP phase which looks like a hard CP violation at low energy may in fact have descended down from string scale physics through spon­ taneous breaking mechanism [5]. Inflation after the spontaneous CP violation might have removed the dangerous domain walls from our observable universe. The 'calculability' solutions of the Nelson-Barr type [6] to the strong CP problem have a rationale (8QCD = 0) in higher dimensions due to CP as a discrete gauge symmetry of Lagrangian. However, there are two questions to be cleared regarding the strong CP prob­ lem. Firstly, should we consider extra dimensions? Second, what is the effect of gravity on the four dimensional low energy symmetries? In this Letter, we consider both of these questions from Planck scale physics. Regarding the first question, an extension of spatial dimensions should not be in contradiction with low energy physics. Phenomenologically, there is no reason to extend the spatial dimensions. However, one may try to include more spatial dimensions to solve theoretical problems of the standard model. So in consideration of dis'crete and global symmetries in higher dimensions, at present the ten dimensional heterotic string is the only one to be considered. Thus, let us consider the (} parameter in the heterotic string theory in ten dimension. The heterotic string has a model-independent axion aMI [7] whose decay constant is
13291931
Hidden sector gaugino condensation and the model independent axion
Abstract In the effective field theory framework, we consider the effect of supersymmetry breaking via gaugino condensation and supergravity in the hidden sector gauge group on the hidden sector vacuum angle θ h . The θ h parameter dependence of the potential yields phenomenologically acceptable invisible axion solutions if the U (1) R symmetry is broken down to a discrete subgroup Z N with N ≥3 ( N =4 is marginal). Anomalous U(1) superstring models are good candidates for this invisible axion resolution of the strong CP puzzle.
15739165
SO(10)-like Superstring Standard Model with R-parity from the Heterotic String
We construct a supersymmetric standard model in the context of the Z_{12-I} orbifold compactification of the E_8 x E_8' heterotic string theory. The gauge group is SU(3)_c x SU(2)_L x U(1)_Y x U(1)^4 x [SO(10) x U(1)^3]' with sin^2\theta_W = 3/8. We obtain three families of SO(10) spinor-like chiral matter states, and Higgs doublets. All other extra states are exactly vector-like under the standard model gauge symmetry. There are numerous standard model singlets, many of which get VEVs such that only the standard model gauge symmetry survives and desired Yukawa couplings can be generated at lower energies. In particular, all vector-like exotic states achieve superheavy masses and the R-parity can be preserved.
16726847
Testing neutrino masses in the R-parity violating minimal supersymmetric standard model with LHC results
Within the R–parity violating minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM), we use a hierarchical ansatz for the lepton–number violating trilinear Yukawa couplings by relating them to the corresponding Higgs–Yukawa couplings. This ansatz reduces the number of free parameters in the lepton–number violating sector from 36 to 6. Baryon–number violating terms are forbidden by imposing the discrete gauge symmetry Baryon Triality. We fit the lepton–number violating parameters to the most recent neutrino oscillation data, including the mixing angle θ13 found by Daya Bay. We find that we obtain phenomenologically viable neutrino masses and mixings only in the case of normal ordered neutrino masses and that the lepton–number violating sector is unambiguously determined by neutrino oscillation data. We discuss the resulting collider signals for the case of a neutralino as well as a scalar tau lightest supersymmetric particle. We use the ATLAS searches for multi–jet events and large transverse missing momentum in the 0, 1 and 2 lepton channel with 7 TeV center–of–mass energy in order to derive exclusion limits on the parameter space of this R–parity violating supersymmetric model.
24389919
ANOMALOUS PARITY ASYMMETRY OF THE WILKINSON MICROWAVE ANISOTROPY PROBE POWER SPECTRUM DATA AT LOW MULTIPOLES
We have investigated non-Gaussianity of our early universe by comparing the parity asymmetry of the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) power spectrum with simulations. We find that odd-parity preference of the WMAP data (2 ≤ l ≤ 18) is anomalous at 4-in-1000 level. We find it likely that low quadrupole power is part of this parity asymmetry rather than an isolated anomaly. Further investigation is required to find out whether the origin of this anomaly is a cosmological or a systematic effect. The data from Planck Surveyor, which has systematics distinct from WMAP, will help us to resolve the origin of the anomalous odd-parity preference.
54918406
Light stop searches at the LHC with monojet events
We consider light top squarks (stops) in the minimal supersymmetric Standard Model at the Large Hadron Collider. Here, we assume that the lightest neutralino is the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP) and the lighter stop is the next-to-LSP. Stop pair production is difficult to probe at the Large Hadron Collider for small stop-LSP mass splitting. It has been shown previously that even in this case stop detection is possible if one considers stop pair production in association with one hard jet. We reconsider this supersymmetric monojet signature and go beyond previous works by including the full Standard Model background and optimizing the cuts, working at the hadron level and including detector effects. As a result, a larger portion of the stop-LSP mass plane becomes accessible to monojet searches.
118542331
A thermal infrared imaging study of very low mass, wide-separation brown dwarf companions to upper scorpius stars: Constraining circumstellar environments
We present a 3-5 μm LBT/MMT adaptive optics imaging study of three Upper Scorpius stars with brown dwarf (BD) companions with very low masses/mass ratios (M BD <25 M Jup; M BD/M 1%-2%) and wide separations (300-700 AU): GSC 06214, 1RXS 1609, and HIP 78530. We combine these new thermal IR data with existing 1-4 μm and 24 μm photometry to constrain the properties of the BDs and identify evidence for circumprimary/circumsecondary disks in these unusual systems. We confirm that GSC 06214B is surrounded by a disk, further showing that this disk produces a broadband IR excess due to small dust near the dust sublimation radius. An unresolved 24 μm excess in the system may be explained by the contribution from this disk. 1RXS 1609B exhibits no 3-4 μm excess, nor does its primary; however, the system as a whole has a modest 24 μm excess, which may come from warm dust around the primary and/or BD. Neither object in the HIP 78530 system exhibits near- to mid-IR excesses. We additionally find that the 1-4 μm colors of HIP 78530B match a spectral type of M3 ± 2, inconsistent with the M8 spectral type assigned based on its near-IR spectrum, indicating that it may be a low-mass star rather than a BD. We present new upper limits on additional low-mass companions in the system (<5 M Jup beyond 175 AU). Finally, we examine the utility of circumsecondary disks as probes of the formation histories of wide BD companions, finding that the presence of a disk may disfavor BD formation near the primary with subsequent outward scattering.
119291744
Neutrino masses and mixings in the baryon triality constrained minimal supersymmetric standard model
We discuss how the experimental neutrino oscillation data can be realized in the framework of the baryon triality ($B_3$) constrained supersymmetric Standard Model (cSSM). We show how to obtain phenomenologically viable solutions, which are compatible with the recent WMAP observations. We present results for the hierarchical, inverted and degenerate cases which illustrate the possible size and structure of the lepton number violating couplings. We work with a new, as yet unpublished version of SOFTSUSY, where we implemented full one--loop neutrino masses. Finally, we shortly discuss some phenomenological implications at the LHC.