40363876
Fuzzy Modeling Using Generalized Neural Networks and Kalman Filter Algorithm
We propose a new approach to build a, fuzzy inference system of which the parameters can be updated to achieve a desired input-output mapping. The structure of the proposed fuzzy inference system is called generalized neural networks, and its learning procedure (rules to update parameters) is basically composed of a gradient descent algorithm and Kalman filter algorithm. Specifically, we first introduce the concept of generalized neural networks (GNN's) and develop a gradient-descent-based supervised learning procedure to update the GNN's parameters. Secondly, we observe that if the overall output of a GNN is a linear combination of some of its parameters, then these parameters can be identified by one-time application of Kalman filter algorithm to minimize the squared error, According to the simulation results, it is concluded that the proposedl new fuzzy inference system can not only incorporate prior knowledge about the original system but also fine-tune the membership functions of the fuzzy rules as the training data set varies.
11721381
An On-the-Fly Mandarin Singing Voice Synthesis System
An on-the-fly Mandarin singing voice synthesis system, called SINVOIS (singing voice synthesis), is proposed in this paper. The SINVOIS system can receive the continuous speech of the lyrics of a song, and generate the singing voice immediately based on the music score information (embedded in a MIDI file) of the song. Two sub-systems are designed and embedded into the system. One is the synthesis unit generator and the other is the pitch-shifting module. In the first one, the Viterbi decoding algorithm is employed on a continuous speech to generate the synthesis unit for singing voice. And the PSOLA method is employed to implement the pitch-shifting function in the second one. Moreover, the energy, duration, and spectrum modifications on the synthesis unit are also implemented in the second part. The synthesized singing voice sounds reasonably good. From the subjective listening test, the MOS (mean opinion score) of 3.1 are obtained for synthesized singing voices.
5353232
Using Genetic Algorithms in Structuring a Fuzzy Rulebase
11191610
Automatic pronunciation assessment for Mandarin Chinese
This work describes the algorithms used in a prototypical software system for automatic pronunciation assessment of Mandarin Chinese. The system uses Viterbi decoding to isolate each syllable and find the log probability of a given utterance based on HMM (hidden Markov models). The isolated syllables are then sent to a GMM (Gaussian mixture model) for tone recognition. Based on the log probability and the result from tone recognition, a parametric scoring function, using a neural network, is constructed to approximate the scoring results from human experts. The experimental results demonstrate the system can consistently gives scores that are close to those from human's subjective evaluation.
1583243
Hierarchical filtering method for content-based music retrieval via acoustic input
This paper presents an implementation of a content-based music retrieval system that can take a user's acoustic input (8-second clip of singing or humming) via a microphone and then retrieve the intended song from a database containing over 3000 candidate songs. The system, known as Super MBox, demonstrates the feasibility of real-time music retrieval with a high success rate. Super MBox first takes the user's acoustic input from a microphone and converts it into a pitch vector. Then a hierarchical filtering method (HFM) is used to first filter out 80% unlikely candidates and then compare the query input with the remaining 20% candidates in a detailed manner. The output of Super MBox is a ranked song list according to the computed similarity scores. A brief mathematical analysis of the two-step HFM is given in the paper to explain how to derive the optimum parameters of the comparison engine. The proposed HFM and its analysis framework can be directly applied to other multimedia information retrieval systems. We have tested Super MBox extensively and found the top-20 success rate is over 85%, based on a dataset of about singing/humming 2000 clips from people with mediocre singing skills. Our studies demonstrate the feasibility of using Super MBox as a prototype for music search engines over the Internet and/or query engines in digital music libraries.
11453972
A corpus-based singing voice synthesis system for mandarin Chinese
In this paper, the design and implementation of a corpus-based singing voice synthesis (SVS) system for Mandarin Chinese was introduced. The design rules of three corpora for singing voice synthesis were proposed. After that, two distance functions were defined and the Viterbi search algorithm was applied to identify the optimal combinations of synthesis units from the three corpora. For better performance, several sound effects with synthesized outputs were combined. Finally, we conduct a listening experiment to demonstrate the feasibility of this system.
15573735
Design issues and performance comparisons in supporting the sockets interface over user-level communication architecture
Abstract
Since user-level communication (ULC) architecture provides only primitive operations for application programmers, there have been several researches to build a portable and standard communication interface, such as sockets, on top of ULC architecture. Basically there are three different approaches to supporting the sockets interface over ULC architecture: LAN emulation, a user-level sockets, and a kernel-level sockets. The primary objective of this paper is to compare these approaches in terms of their design, implementation, and performance.

We have developed and implemented a kernel-level sockets layer over ULC architecture, since there is currently no available implementation. We also present different design and implementation decisions on data receiving, data sending, connection management, etc. in the three approaches. Through the performance comparison, we show that LAN emulation approach exhibits the worst performance both in latency and bandwidth. Our experiments also show that a user-level sockets is useful for latency-sensitive applications and a kernel-level sockets is effective for applications which require high bandwidth and full compatibility with the legacy sockets interface.
