7311237
Marmite: end-user programming for the web
A tremendous amount of semi-structured data is available today on the web but is not necessarily in a form which is suitable for a user's tasks. For example, a website may show a listing of local events but a user wants to filter out those which are too far from him. To address this problem, we are developing a tool called Marmite that helps users extract data from web pages and create new applications using a dataflow architecture in a manner similar to Unix pipes. In this paper, we describe formative user studies, some evaluations of low-fidelity prototypes, and a set of design recommendations for this tool.
378509
liquid: Context-Aware Distributed Queries
As low-level architectural support for context-aware computing matures, we are ready to explore more general and powerful means of accessing context data. Information required by a context-aware application may be partitioned by any number of physical, organizational, or privacy boundaries. This suggests the need for mechanisms by which applications can issue context-sensitive queries without having to explicitly manage the complex storage layout and access policies of the underlying data. To address this need, we have developed liquid, a prototype query service that supports distributed, continuous query processing of context data. This paper articulates the current need for such systems, describes the design of the liquidsystem, and presents both a room-awareness application and notification service demonstrating its functionality.
1292565
WebQuilt: a framework for capturing and visualizing the web experience
is a web logging and visualization system that helps web design teams run usability tests (both local and remote) and analyze the collected data. Logging is done through a proxy, overcoming many of the problems with server-side and client-side logging. Captured usage traces can be aggregated and visualized in a zooming interface that shows the web pages people viewed. The visualization also shows the most common paths taken through the website for a given task, as well as the optimal path for that task as designated by the designer. This paper discusses the architecture of WebQuilt and also describes how it can be extended for new kinds of analyses and visualizations.
209399506
SWAMI: a framework for collaborative filtering algorithm development and evaluation.
We present a Java-based framework, SWAMI (Shared Wisdom through the Amalgamation of Many Interpretations) for building and studying collaborative filtering systems. SWAMI consists of three components: a prediction engine, an evaluation system, and a visualization component. The prediction engine provides a common interface for implementing different prediction algorithms. The evaluation system provides a standardized testing methodology and metrics for analyzing the accuracy and run-time performance of prediction algorithms. The visualization component suggests how graphical representations can inform the development and analysis of prediction algorithms. We demonstrate SWAMI on the EachMovie data set by comparing three prediction algorithms: a traditional Pearson correlation-based method, support vector machines, and a new accurate and scalable correlation-based method based on clustering techniques.
6908435
Challenge: ubiquitous location-aware computing and the "place lab" initiative
To be widely adopted, location-aware computing must be as effortless, familiar and rewarding as web search tools like Google. We envisage the global scale Place Lab, consisting of an open software base and a community building activity as a way to bootstrap the broad adoption of location-aware computing. The initiative is a laboratory because it will also be a vehicle for research and instruction, especially in the formative stages. The authors draw on their experiences with campus and building-scale location systems to identify the technological and social barriers to a truly ubiquitous deployment. With a grasp of these "barriers to adoption," we present a usage scenario, the problems in realizing this scenario, and how these problems will be addressed. We conclude with a sketch of the multi-organization cooperative being formed to move this effort forward.
795921
Marmite: Towards End-User Programming for the Web
Many information tasks on the web require users to make use of multiple websites, for both content as well as information processing or visualization features. Programmers have created "mashups," which customize or combine the functionality of multiple websites by extracting information from web pages or accessing web services APIs. Non-programmers lack the tools or skills create such customizations because of the programming obstacles involved. Marmite is a tool that empowers non-programmers to create functionality similar to those found in mashups.
7007390
Wrinkled flames and cellular patterns
We model flames and fire using the Navier-Stokes equations combined with the level set method and jump conditions to model the reaction front. Previous works modeled the flame using a combination of propagation in the normal direction and a curvature term which leads to a level set equation that is parabolic in nature and thus overly dissipative and smooth. Asymptotic theory shows that one can obtain more interesting velocities and fully hyperbolic (as opposed to parabolic) equations for the level set evolution. In particular, researchers in the field of detonation shock dynamics (DSD) have derived a set of equations which exhibit characteristic cellular patterns. We show how to make use of the DSD framework in the context of computer graphics simulations of flames and fire to obtain interesting features such as flame wrinkling and cellular patterns.
13982146
Interaction Translation Methods for XML/SNMP Gateway
XML-based network management has been proposed as an alternative or to complement SNMP-based network management. But the XML-based network management does not yet provide a method to manage networks equipped with legacy SNMP agents in the integrated management system. This integrated management system must include an XML/SNMP gateway, which translates and relays messages between the XML-based manager and the SNMP agent. In this paper, we propose three methods for interaction translation in the gateway. First, we propose a DOM-based translation, which provides a method for XML-based manager to directly access management information through the standard DOM interfaces. Second, we propose an HTTP-based translation using URI extenstion with XPath and XQuery. Finally, we apply SOAP, which is accepted as a standard protocol for XML, and propose a translation method for the gateway to advertise the translation services to the manager using SOAP RPC. We also compare the advantages and disadvantages of the proposed translation methods.
10811173
EWS-Based Management Application Interface and Integration Mechanisms for Web-Based Element Management
Web-based network element management provides an administrator with the ability to configure and monitor network devices over the Internet using a Web browser. The most direct way to accomplish this is to embed a Web server [Embedded Web Server (EWS)] into a network device, and use that server to provide a Web-based management user interface constructed with HTML, graphics, Java and other features common to Web browsers. In this paper we present EWS-based management application interface mechanisms for use between embedded management applications and embedded Web servers. We propose a guideline for choosing an efficient interface mechanism, which is based on the characteristics of management information and Web documents. A Web-based management user interface through embedded Web servers has many advantages such as ubiquity, platform independence and user-friendliness. In order to be truly useful, a Web-based management user interface must have a low development cost and a short development time. We provide effective integration mechanisms for each interface. We validate these mechanisms by implementing them in an Internet router.
42823829
An efficient and lightweight embedded Web server for Web-based network element management
An Embedded Web Server lEWSr is a Web server which runs on an embedded system with limited computing resources to serve embedded Web documents to a Web browser. By embedding a Web server into a network device, it is possible to provide a Webhbased management user interface, which are userhfriendly, inexpensive, crosshplatform, and networkhready. This article explores the topic of an efficient and lightweight embedded Web server for Webhbased network element management. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
5396079
Fracturing Rigid Materials
We propose a novel approach to fracturing (and denting) brittle materials. To avoid the computational burden imposed by the stringent time step restrictions of explicit methods or with solving nonlinear systems of equations for implicit methods, we treat the material as a fully rigid body in the limit of infinite stiffness. In addition to a triangulated surface mesh and level set volume for collisions, each rigid body is outfitted with a tetrahedral mesh upon which finite element analysis can be carried out to provide a stress map for fracture criteria. We demonstrate that the commonly used stress criteria can lead to arbitrary fracture (especially for stiff materials) and instead propose the notion of a time averaged stress directly into the FEM analysis. When objects fracture, the virtual node algorithm provides new triangle and tetrahedral meshes in a straightforward and robust fashion. Although each new rigid body can be rasterized to obtain a new level set, small shards can be difficult to accurately resolve. Therefore, we propose a novel collision handling technique for treating both rigid bodies and rigid body thin shells represented by only a triangle mesh