14263791
Noncommutative Standard Modelling
We present a noncommutative gauge theory that has the ordinary Standard Model as its low-energy limit. The model is based on the gauge group U(4) × U(3) × U(2) and is constructed to satisfy the key requirements imposed by noncommutativity: the UV/IR mixing effects, restrictions on representations and charges of matter fields, and the cancellation of noncommutative gauge anomalies. At energies well below the noncommutative mass scale our model flows to the commutative Standard Model plus additional free U(1) degrees of freedom which are decoupled due to the UV/IR mixing. Our model also predicts the values of the hypercharges of the Standard Model fields.
119447895
Multi-gluon collinear limits from MHV diagrams
We consider the multi-collinear limit of multi-gluon QCD amplitudes at tree level. We use the MHV rules for constructing colour ordered tree amplitudes and the general collinear factorization formula to derive timelike splitting functions that are valid for specific numbers of negative helicity gluons and an arbitrary number of positive helicity gluons (or vice versa). As an example we present new results describing the collinear limits of up to six gluons.
119379193
The calculus of many instantons
We describe the modern formalism, ideas and applications of the instanton calculus for gauge theories with, and without, supersymmetry. Particular emphasis is put on developing a formalism that can deal with any number of instantons. This necessitates a thorough review of the ADHM construction of instantons with arbitrary charge and an in-depth analysis of the resulting moduli space of solutions. We review the construction of the ADHM moduli space as a hyper-Kahler quotient. We show how the functional integral in the semi-classical approximation reduces to an integral over the instanton moduli space in each instanton sector and how the resulting matrix partition function involves various geometrical quantities on the instanton moduli space: volume form, connection, curvature, isometries, etc. One important conclusion is that this partition function is the dimensional reduction of a higher- dimensional gauged linear sigma model which naturally leads us to describe the relation of the instanton calculus to D-branes in string theory. Along the way we describe powerful applications of the calculus of many instantons to supersymmetric gauge theories including (i) the gluino condensate puzzle in N = 1 theories (ii) Seiberg-Witten theory in N = 2 theories; and (iii) the AdS/CFT correspondence in N = 2 and N = 4 theories. Finally, we brielfy review the modifications of the instanton calculus for a gauge theory defined on a non-commutative spacetime and we also describe a new method for calculating instanton processes using a form of localization on the instanton moduli space.
14098895
Gluino condensate and magnetic monopoles in supersymmetric gluodynamics
We examine supersymmetric SU(N) gauge theories on R3 × S1 with a circle of circumference β. These theories interpolate between four-dimensional N = 1 pure gauge theory for β = ∞ and three-dimensional N = 2 gauge theory for β = 0. The dominant field configurations of the R3 × S1 SU(N) theories in the semi-classical regime arise from N varieties of monopole. Periodic instanton configurations correspond to mixed configurations of N single monopoles of the N different types. We semi-classically evaluate the non-perturbatively generated superpotential of the R3 × S1 theory and hence determine its vacuum structure. to the gluino condensate in these theories and take the decompactification limit β = ∞. In this way we obtain a value for the gluino condensate in the four-dimensional N = 1 supersymmetric SU(N) Yang-Mills theory, which agrees with the previously known ‘weak coupling’ expression but not with the ‘strong coupling’ expression derived in the early literature solely from instanton considerations. Moreover, we discover that the superpotential gives a mass to the dual (magnetic) photon, which implies confinement of the original electric photon and disappearance of all the massless modes.
34905319
Minkowski space non-Abelian classical solutions with noninteger winding number change.
Working in a spherically symmetric ansatz in Minkowski space, we discover new solutions to the classical equations of motion of pure SU(2) gauge theory. These solutions represent spherical shells of energy, which move inward near the speed of light at early times, excite the region of space around the origin at intermediate times, and move outward at late times. The solutions change the winding number in bounded regions centered at the origin by noninteger amounts. They also produce a noninteger topological charge in these regions. We show that the previously discovered solutions of Luescher and Schechter also have these properties.
119236962
Travels on the squark-gluino mass plane
Institut fur Theoretische Physik, Universitat Heidelberg, Germany(Dated: September 12, 2011)Soft supersymmetry breaking appears in the weak-scale e ective action but is usually generated athigher scales. For these models the structure of the renormalization group evolution down to theelectroweak scale leaves only part of the squark-gluino and slepton-gaugino mass planes accessible.Our observations divide these physical mass planes into three wedges: the rst can be reached byall models of high-scale breaking; the second can only be populated by models with a low mediationscale; in the third wedge squarks and gluinos would have to be described by an exotic theory. Allusual benchmark points reside in the rst wedge, even though an LHC discovery in the third wedge
119266543
Proton opacity in the light of LHC diffractive data
We show that collider data on elastic pp (and $p\bar{p}$) scattering, including the LHC TOTEM data at 7 TeV, can be well described by a 3-channel eikonal model with only one Pomeron, with parameters that are naturally linked to the perturbative QCD (BFKL) framework. The proton opacity, determined in this way, is then used to account for sizeable absorptive effects. We study the recent measurements of dσ/dΔη made by the ATLAS collaboration, where they select events with large rapidity gaps Δη. We demonstrate that the absorptive corrections noticeably change both the value and the Δη dependence of the cross section. We find that our parameter-free calculation is in agreement with these ATLAS data.
120061643
Physics of Top and {CP} Violation in $B$ Decays in the Light of the Argus Measurements
Implications of the significant mixing, observed by the ARGUS collaboration, on our present understanding of nature are discussed. Our emphasis is on the consequences of the standard model with a heavy top quark. We discuss also the future prospects of the observation of CP violation in B decays.
116914349
Oscillation phenomena on neutral B meson systems
Mixing and CP-violation effects in tagged beams of neutral B mesons are studied. Various oscillations of the yield of decay products are discussed. One type is related to B/sup 0/bold-arrow-left-rightB-bar/sup 0/ transitions and another to CP violation in the decay. B/sup 0//sub s/ mesons are the most promising for the observation of such effects. In the standard model, exclusive decays of B/sup 0//sub s/ mesons related to the transition b..-->..uu-bard are the best for the observation of CP violation in B mesons. Departures from the standard model leading to modification of the mixing and CP-violation parameters are also discussed.
122621134
On determination of the triple-Pomeron coupling from the ISR data
Abstract The inclusive hadron spectra in the high-energy pp collisions near the kinematic boundary are described within the framework of the triplee-Regge model with scaling terms only. The magnitude of the triple-Pomeron vertex is determined and the role of the latter in different approaches to the description of strong interactions asymptotics is discussed.
115206106
Chromodynamics of jets today and the day after tomorrow
We review some selected topics in QCD physics at supercolliders. We concentrate on the colour-related effects and the prospects of using them for studying the new physical phenomena.