118431140
Systematic study of survival probability of excited superheavy nuclei
The stability of excited superheavy nuclei (SHN) with 100 ⩽ Z ⩽ 134 against neutron emission and fission is investigated by using a statistical model. In particular, a systematic study of the survival probability against fission in the 1n-channel of these SHN is made. The present calculations consistently take the neutron separation energies and shell correction energies from the calculated results of the finite range droplet model which predicts an island of stability of SHN around Z = 115 and N = 179. It turns out that this island of stability persists for excited SHN in the sense that the calculated survival probabilities in the 1n-channel of excited SHN at the optimal excitation energy are maximized around Z = 115 and N = 179. This indicates that the survival probability in the 1n-channel is mainly determined by the nuclear shell effects.
17321794
Relativistic continuum Hartree Bogoliubov theory for ground-state properties of exotic nuclei
The Relativistic Continuum Hartree-Bogoliubov (RCHB) theory, which properly takes into account the pairing correlation and the coupling to (discretized) continuum via Bogoliubov transformation in a microscopic and self-consistent way, has been reviewed together with its new interpretation of the halo phenomena observed in light nuclei as the scattering of particle pairs into the continuum, the prediction of the exotic phenomena - giant halos in nuclei near neutron drip line, the reproduction of interaction cross sections and charge-changing cross sections in light exotic nuclei in combination with the Glauber theory, better restoration of pseudo-spin symmetry in exotic nuclei, predictions of exotic phenomena in hypernuclei, and new magic numbers in superheavy nuclei, etc. Recent investigations on new effective interactions, the density dependence of the interaction strengths, the RMF theory on the Woods-Saxon basis, the single-particle resonant states, and the resonant BCS (rBCS) method for the pairing correlation, etc. are also presented in some detail. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
18203445
Theoretical study of the two-proton halo candidate 17Ne including contributions from resonant continuum and pairing correlations
Abstract.With the relativistic Coulomb wave function boundary condition, the energies, widths and wave functions of the single-proton resonant orbitals for 17Ne are studied by the analytical continuation in the coupling constant (ACCC) approach within the framework of the relativistic mean field (RMF) theory. Pairing correlations and contributions from the single-particle resonant orbitals in the continuum are taken into consideration by the resonant Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) approach, in which the constant pairing strength is used. It can be seen that the fully self-consistent calculations with NL3 and NLSH effective interactions mostly agree with the latest experimental measurements, such as binding energies, matter radii, charge radii and densities. The energy of the $ \pi2s_{1/2}$ orbital is slightly higher than that of the $ \pi1d_{5/2}$ orbital, and the occupation probability of the $ (\pi2s_{1/2})^2$ orbital is about 20%, which is in accordance with the shell model calculation and three-body model estimation.
118563627
DEFORMED RELATIVISTIC HARTREE-BOGOLIUBOV MODEL FOR EXOTIC NUCLEI
A deformed relativistic Hartree-Bogoliubov (DRHB) model is developed aiming at a proper description of exotic nuclei, particularly deformed ones with large spatial extension. In order to give an adequate description of both the contribution of the continuum and the large spatial distribution in exotic nuclei, the DRHB equations are solved in a Woods-Saxon basis in which the radial wave functions have proper asymptotic behaviors at large distance from the nuclear center which is crucial for the formation of halo. The formalism and the numerical procedure of the DRHB model in a Woods-Saxon basis are briefly presented.
119477279
Pseudospin symmetry and its approximation in real nuclei
The origin of pseudospin symmetry and its broken in real nuclei are discussed in the relativistic mean field theory. In the exact pseudospin symmetry, even the usual intruder orbits have degenerate partners. In real nuclei, pseudospin symmetry is approximate, and the partners of the usual intruder orbits will disappear. The difference is mainly due to the pseudo spin-orbit potential and the transition between them is discussed in details. The contribution of pseudospin-orbit potential for intruder orbits is quite large, compared with that for pseudospin doublets. The disappearance of the pseudospin partner for the intruder orbit can be understood from the properties of its wave function.
119220585
Systematic investigation of the rotational bands in nuclei with Z approximate to 100 using a particle-number conserving method based on a cranked shell model
The rotational bands in nuclei with Z approximate to 100 are investigated systematically by using a cranked shell model (CSM) with the pairing correlations treated by a particle-number conserving (PNC) method, in which the blocking effects are taken into account exactly. By fitting the experimental single-particle spectra in these nuclei, a new set of Nilsson parameters (kappa and mu) and deformation parameters (epsilon(2) and epsilon(4)) are proposed. The experimental kinematic moments of inertia for the rotational bands in even-even, odd-A, and odd-odd nuclei, and the band-head energies of the one-quasiparticle bands in odd-A nuclei, are reproduced quite well by the PNC-CSM calculations. By analyzing the omega dependence of the occupation probability of each cranked Nilsson orbital near the Fermi surface and the contributions of valence orbitals in each major shell to the angular momentum alignment, the upbending mechanism in this region is understood clearly.
26671710
Constraining absolute neutrino masses via detection of galactic supernova neutrinos at JUNO
A high-statistics measurement of the neutrinos from a galactic core-collapse supernova is extremely important for understanding the explosion mechanism, and studying the intrinsic properties of neutrinos themselves. In this paper, we explore the possibility to constrain the absolute scale of neutrino masses m(v) via the detection of galactic supernova neutrinos at the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) with a 20 kiloton liquid-scintillator detector. In assumption of a nearly-degenerate neutrino mass spectrum and a normal mass ordering, the upper bound on the absolute neutrino mass is found to be m(v) < (0.83 +/- 0.24) eV at the 95% confidence level for a typical galactic supernova at a distance of 10 kpc, where the mean value and standard deviation are shown to account for statistical fluctuations. For comparison, we find that the bound in the Super-Kamiokande experiment is m(v) < (0.91 +/- 0.28) eV at the same confidence level. However, the upper bound will be relaxed when the model parameters characterizing the time structure of supernova, neutrino fluxes are not exactly known, and when the neutrino mass ordering is inverted.
118136973
The Glashow resonance as a discriminator of UHE cosmic neutrinos originating from p-gamma and p-p collisions
We re-examine the interesting possibility of utilizing the Glashow resonance (GR) channel nu_ebar + e^- to W^- to anything to discriminate between the UHE cosmic neutrinos originating from p-gamma and pp collisions in an optically thin source of cosmic rays. We propose a general parametrization of the initial neutrino flavor composition by allowing the ratios Phi^{p gamma}_{pi^-}/Phi^{p gamma}_{pi^+} and Phi^{pp}_{pi^-}/Phi^{pp}_{pi^+} to slightly deviate from their conventional values. A relationship between the typical source parameter kappa = (Phi^{p gamma}_{pi^+} + Phi^{p gamma}_{pi^-})/(Phi^{pp}_{pi^+} + Phi^{pp}_{pi^-} + Phi^{p gamma}_{pi^+} + Phi^{p gamma}_{pi^-}) and the working observable of the GR R_0 = Phi^T_{nu_ebar}/ (Phi^T_{nu_mu} + Phi^T_{nu_mu}) at a neutrino telescope is derived, and the numerical dependence of R_0 on kappa is illustrated by taking account of the latest experimental data on three neutrino mixing angles. It is shown that a measurement of R_0 is in principle possible to identify the pure p-gamma interaction (kappa =1), the pure pp interaction (kappa =0) or a mixture of both of them (0 < kappa < 1) at a given source of UHE cosmic neutrinos. The event rate of the GR signal against the background is also estimated.
119086914
Supernova bound on keV-mass sterile neutrinos reexamined
Active-sterile neutrino mixing is strongly constrained for m_s > 100 keV to avoid excessive energy losses from supernova cores. For smaller m_s, matter effects suppress the effective mixing angle except for a resonant range of energies where it is enhanced. We study the case of \nu_tau-\nu_s-mixing where a \nu_tau-\bar\nu_tau asymmetry builds up due to the strong excess of \nu_s over \bar\nu_s emission or vice versa, reducing the overall emission rate. In the warm dark matter range m_s < 10 keV the mixing angle is essentially unconstrained.
118418835
Mass-varying massive gravity
It has recently been shown that the graviton can consistently gain a constant mass without introducing the Boulware-Deser ghost. We propose a gravity model where the graviton mass is set by a scalar field and prove that this model is free of the Boulware-Deser ghost by analyzing its constraint system and showing that two constraints arise. We also initiate the study of the model's cosmic background evolution and tentatively discuss possible cosmological implications of this model. In particular, we consider a simple scenario where the scalar field setting the graviton mass is identified with the inflaton and the graviton mass evolves from a high to a low energy scale, giving rise to the current cosmic acceleration.
118724442
Measuring the speed of cosmological gravitational waves
In general relativity gravitational waves propagate at the speed of light, however in alternative theories of gravity that might not be the case. We study the effects of a modified speed of gravity, $c_T^2$, on the B-modes of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) anisotropy in polarisation. We find that a departure from the light speed value would leave a characteristic imprint on the BB spectrum part induced by tensors, manifesting as a shift in the angular scale of its peaks. We derive constraints by using the available {\it Planck} and BICEP2 datasets showing how $c_T^2$ can be measured, albeit obtaining weak constraints due to the overall poor accuracy of the current BB power spectrum measurements. The present constraint corresponds to $c_T^2 = 1.30 \pm 0.79$ and $c_T^2< 2.85$ at $95%$ C.L. by assuming a power law primordial tensor power spectrum and $c_T^2<2.33$ at $95%$ C.L. if the running of the spectral index is allowed. We derive forecasts for the next generation CMB satellites, which we find capable of tightly constraining $c_T^2$ at percent level, comparable with bounds from binary pulsar measurements, largely due to the absence of degeneracy with other cosmological parameters.