118686993
Bi-galileon theory II: phenomenology
We continue to introduce bi-galileon theory, the generalisation of the single galileon model introduced by Nicolis et al. The theory contains two coupled scalar fields and is described by a Lagrangian that is invariant under Galilean shifts in those fields. This paper is the second of two, and focuses on the phenomenology of the theory. We are particularly interesting in models that admit solutions that are asymptotically self accelerating or asymptotically self tuning. In contrast to the single galileon theories, we find examples of self accelerating models that are simultaneously free from ghosts, tachyons and tadpoles, able to pass solar system constraints through Vainshtein screening, and do not suffer from problems with superluminality, Cerenkov emission or strong coupling. We also find self tuning models and discuss how Weinberg’s no go theorem is evaded by breaking Poincaré invariance in the scalar sector. Whereas the galileon description is valid all the way down to solar system scales for the self-accelerating models, unfortunately the same cannot be said for self tuning models owing to the scalars backreacting strongly on to the geometry.
119224573
Black hole hair in generalized scalar-tensor gravity: An explicit example
In a recent Letter we have shown that in shift-symmetric Horndeski theory the scalar field is forced to obtain a nontrivial configuration in black hole spacetimes, unless a linear coupling with the Gauss-Bonnet invariant is tuned away. As a result, black holes generically have hair in this theory. In this companion paper, we first review our argument and discuss it in more detail. We then present actual black hole solutions in the simplest case of a theory with the linear scalar-Gauss-Bonnet coupling. We generate exact solutions numerically for a wide range of values of the coupling and also construct analytic solutions perturbatively in the small coupling limit. Comparison of the two types of solutions indicates that non-linear effects that are not captured by the perturbative solution lead to a finite area, as opposed to a central, singularity. Remarkably, black holes have a minimum size, controlled by the length scale associated with the scalar-Gauss-Bonnet coupling. We also compute some phenomenological observables for the numerical solution for a wide range of values of the scalar-Gauss-Bonnet coupling. Deviations from the Schwarzschild geometry are generically very small.
117347531
Gravitational waves from Affleck-Dine condensate fragmentation
We compute the stochastic gravitational wave production from Affleck-Dine condensate fragmentation in the early universe, focusing on an effective potential with a logarithmic mass correction that typically arises in gravity mediated supersymmetry breaking scenarios. We find that a significant gravitational wave background can be generated when Q-balls are being formed out of the condensate fragmentation. This gravitational wave background has a distinct multi-peak power spectrum where the trough is closely linked to the supersymmetry breaking scale and whose frequencies are peaked around kHz for TeV supersymmetry breaking.
119525752
First order shape transition and critical point nuclei in Sm isotopes from relativistic mean field approach
The critical point nuclei in Sm isotopes, which marks the first order phase transition between spherical U(5) and axially deformed shapes SU(3), have been investigated in the microscopic quadrupole constrained relativistic mean field (RMF) model plus BCS method with all the most used interactions, i.e., NL1, NL3, NLSH and TM1. The calculated potential energy surfaces show a clear shape transition for the even-even Sm isotopes with $N = 82\sim 96$ and the critical point nuclei are found to be $^{148}$Sm, $^{150}$Sm and $^{152}$Sm. Similar conclusions can also be drawn from the microscopic neutron and proton single particle spectra.
119268791
GENERALIZED FRIEDBERG-LEE MODEL FOR NEUTRINO MASSES AND LEPTONIC CP VIOLATION FROM μ-τ SYMMETRY BREAKING
Assuming the Majorana nature of massive neutrinos, we generalize the Friedberg-Lee neutrino mass model to include CP violation in the neutrino mass matrix Mν. The most general case with all the free parameters of Mν being complex is discussed. We show that a favorable neutrino mixing pattern (with θ12 ≈ 35.3°, θ23 = 45°, θ13 ≠ 0° and δ = 90°) can naturally be derived from Mν, if it has an approximate or softly-broken μ-τ symmetry. We also point out a different way to obtain the nearly tri-bimaximal neutrino mixing pattern with δ = 0° and non-vanishing Majorana phases.
122981402
Behavior of one-quasiparticle levels in odd isotonic chains of heavy nuclei
The low-lying one-quasiparticle states are studied in the isotonic chains with N = 147, 149, 151, 153, and 155 within the microscopic-macroscopic and self-consistent approaches. The energies of one-quasiparticle states change rather smoothly in the isotonic chains if there is no cross of the proton subshell. The alpha-decay schemes of several nuclei are suggested. The isomeric states in the odd isotopes of Fm and No are discussed.
15493650
Why is the 3 x 3 neutrino mixing matrix almost unitary in realistic seesaw models
A simple extension of the standard model is to introduce n heavy right-handed Majorana, neutrinos and preserve its SU(2)(L) X U(1)(Y) gauge symmetry. Diagonalizing the (3 + n) x (3 + n) neutrino mass matrix, we obtain an exact analytical expression for the effective mass matrix of nu(e), nu(mu) and nu(tau). It turns out that the 3 x 3 neutrino mixing matrix V, which appears in the leptonic charged-current weak interactions, must not be exactly unitary. The unitarity violation of V is negligibly tiny, however, if the canonical seesaw mechanism works to reproduce the correct mass scale of light Majorana neutrinos. A similar conclusion can be drawn in the. realistic Type-II seesaw models.
43170371
Spin symmetry in the antinucleon spectrum.
We discuss spin and pseudospin symmetry in the spectrum of single nucleons and single antinucleons in a nucleus. As an example we use relativistic mean field theory to investigate single antinucleon spectra. We find a very well developed spin symmetry in single antineutron and single antiproton spectra. The dominant components of the wave functions of the spin doublet are almost identical. This spin symmetry in antiparticle spectra and the pseudospin symmetry in particle spectra have the same origin. However, it turns out that the spin symmetry in antinucleon spectra is much better developed than the pseudospin symmetry in normal nuclear single particle spectra.