119989858
Evidence of a Quark in a High-Energy Cosmic-Ray Bubble-Chamber Picture
117312086
Search for fast particles produced at large lab angles at NAL
An experiment is proposed to look for charged particles emitted at large lab angles that are normally forbidden kinematically. These particles if found would correspond to hitherto unobserved events such as the production of particles with imaginary mass values (''tachyons''). Also, they wish to look for fractionally-charged particles produced at these angles. These particles, if found, would correspond to strongly-bound quark-quark states formed in a dissociation of the target nucleon. The detection system will consist of wire-chambers, dE/dx and time-of-flight counters. The basic hardware is under construction and the final system will be ready for test runs at a lower-energy machine in six months. The detection telescope will view interactions of the primary proton beam from backward (in lab) directions and the first choice experimental site is the straight section B with a thin internal target. They would like to use the highest available beam at NAL and since the beam transport and intensity requirements are very minimal, they will be able to run parasitically during the tuning periods of the NAL machine in the next year. The machine time required for this experiment is about three months.
122338380
COSMIC RAY MUONS FROM LOW GALACTIC LATITUDE
Occasional spurious tracks are found on photographs taken during routine observations with the 40-inch heavy-liquid bubble chamber (HLBC) at the Argonne National Laboratory (Roe, Sinclair, and Vander Vilde 1964). These tracks are caused by cosmic ray muons, and are rather similar to streaks caused by meteors on photographs of the sky. The HLBC is located at Ν 41°42'03" latitude and W 87°59'24" longitude, and at an altitude of 227.38 meters above sea level. It has a field of view in the form of a strip 50° wide centered on the north-zenith-south meridian. The strip extends from horizon to horizon. As the earth turns, 87 percent of the celestial sphere passes through the field of view. The product of the cross-sectional capture area of the HLBC times its field of view is 1.7 meter2 steradian. Each picture covers the entire field of view and has a sensitive time of six milliseconds. The chamber is ex-
115768104
CURRENT STATUS OF THE QUEST FOR QUARKS.
117351482
Bubble chamber study of (10÷100) GeV cosmic-ray muons at all zenith angles
SummaryCosmic-ray muons have been studied by analysis of tracks recorded in a large high-field heavy-liquid bubble chamber. From a sample of 50 000 pictures approximately 2 000 muons with energies above 10 GeV were examined for energy and zenith-angle distributions over the complete range from 0° to 90°. In the vertical direction the integral spectrum up to energies exceeding 100 GeV is consistent with depth intensity data and somewhat higher than observed in unshielded vertical magnetic spectrometers. At other zenith angles we find the expected variations, which approach a cos2ϑ attenuation for muons in the 10 GeV region, and tend towards a secϑ enhancement for muon energies above 100 GeV.RiassuntoSi sono studiati i muoni dei raggi cosmici analizzando le tracce fotografate in una grande camera a bolle a liquido pesante con forte campo magnetico. Da un campione di 50 000 fotogrammi si sono esaminati approssimativamente 2 000 muoni con energie superiori a 10 GeV per le distribuzioni di energia e dell’angolo zenitale nell’intero intervallo da 0° a 90°. Nella direzione verticale lo spettro integrale fino ad energie superiori ai 100 GeV è coerente con i dati sull’intensità in profondità ed è leggermente superiore a quello osservato in spettrometri magnetici verticali non schermati. Ad altri angoli zenitali si trovano le variazioni previste, che approssimano una attenuazione del tipo cos2ϑ per muoni nella regione di 10 GeV, e tendono verso un incremento del tipo secϑ per energie dei muoni al di sopra dei 100 GeV.РеэюмеБыли исследованы мюоны в космических лучах посредством аналиэа треков, эарегистрированных в пуэырьковой камере с тяжелой жидкостью, помешенной в сильном поле. Иэ выборки 50000 снимков были исследованы приблиэительно 2000 мюонов с знергиями около 10 ГзВ для получения знергетических распределений и распределений по эенитному углу во всей области углов от 0° до 90°. В вертикальном направлении интегральный спектр вплоть до знергий, превыщаюших 100 ГзВ, согласуется с данными глубинной интенсивности и до некоторой степени выще, чем наблюденный в незкранированных вертикальных магнитных спектрометрах. При других эенитных углах мы обнаружили предполагаемые иэменения, которые почти похожи на ослабление соs2 ϑ для мюонов в области 10 ГзВ и стремятся к увеличению вес ϑ для знергий мюонов выще 100 ГзВ.
122652147
A quark way to asymptopia
119495662
Direct radiative recombination of electrons with atomic ions: Cross sections and rate coefficients
Simple expressions are obtained which permit systematic estimates of the rate coefficients for direct radiative recombination (DRR) of fast electrons with atomic ions of various ionic species. The analysis utilizes a set of cross sections obtained through numerical calculations combined with the use of an interpolation scheme to smoothly connect reduced cross sections (apart from normalizations) of the bremsstrahlung tip region and the low-lying DRR region. It is shown that these numerical cross sections can be reproduced by the predictions of a modified semiclassical Kramers formula with an appropriate effective charge Z/sub eff/, which is larger than the effective charge which reproduces the energy levels of the states into which capture occurs. In accord with this modified Kramers formula, the numerically obtained total cross sections are shown to scale with Z/sub eff//sup 2//K for each isoelectronic sequence, and with a parameter (n/sub 0/)/sub eff/ which characterizes each isoelectronic sequence. Using these scaling properties, simple analytic expressions are obtained for recombination rate coefficients, for the rate of electron kinetic-energy loss, and for the rate of radiated power loss, assuming a classical Maxwell-Boltzmann thermal distribution of continuum electrons.
120854919
Covariant harmonic oscillators and the parton picture
It is shown that the covariant-harmonic-oscillator wave function exhibits the peculiarities of the Feynman parton picture in the infinite-momentum frame.
3194304
Kaon Condensation and Enforced Charge Neutrality of the Color-Flavor Locked Phase
We investigate the influence of charged kaon condensation in hadronic sector on the formation of the electron-free charge neutral quark matter of equipartition of three light flavors, i.e., a phenomenon called ``enforced electrical neutrality" of the color-flavor locked (CFL) phase. We employ the chiral quark model which is assumed to be applicable, "bottom-up," toward chiral restoration while accessible to kaon condensation in the hadronic sector. Approaching "bottom-up" the high density regime is more appropriate in addressing the properties of compact stars than approaching "top-down" from asymptotic QCD. It turns out that the presence of hadronic kaon condensation makes the electron-free charge-neutral CFL phase energetically more favorable with a relatively small color-superconducting gap $\Delta_0\sim 20$ MeV compared to $\Delta_0\sim 70$ MeV required in the absence of such kaon condensation.
119501690
Lorentz Boosts as Squeeze Transformations and the Parton Picture
It was shown by Gribov, Ioffe, Pomeranchuk in 1966 and by Ioffe in 1969 that a space-time picture is needed for the Lorentz deformation of hadronic interaction region. It is shown that this deformation is a squeeze transformation. It is shown also that Feynman's parton picture emerges as a consequence of Lorentz-squeezed hadrons in the quark model.
122028207
Covariant harmonic oscillators and excited meson decays
We use the covariant harmonic-oscillator wave functions to formulate the vacuum quark-pair-creation model of three-meson vertices and meson-decay matrix elements. It is pointed out first that the harmonic-oscillator wave functions can be given a covariant probability interpretation. We then use this probability concept to construct the three-meson vertex function. Using a relativistic L-S coupling scheme, we calculate the decay amplitudes for the B $Yields$ $omega$$pi$ and A$sub 1$ $Yields$ rho$pi$ decays. For the B decay, the calculated polarization ratio turns out be in excellent agreement with the experimental value. For the A$sub 1$ decay, the calculated ratio is consistent with the present experimental value. We have also calculated the decay ratio for the well-established rho $Yields$ $pi$$pi$ and A$sub 2$ $Yields$ rho$pi$ decays. It is shown that the harmonic-oscillator wave functions produce a number which is very close to the experimental value. The limitations of the L-S coupling scheme are discussed.