14454392
Does Lorentz Boost Destroy Coherence
It is shown that the time-energy uncertainty relation can be combined into the position-momentum uncertainty relation covariantly in the quark model of hadrons. This leads to a Lorentz-invariant form of the uncertainty relations. This model explains that the quark model and the parton model are two different manifestations of the same covariant model. In particular, this covariant model explains why the coherent amplitudes in the quark model become incoherent, after a Lorentz boost, in the parton model. It is shown that this lack of coherence is consistent with the present form of quantum mechanics.
1320799
Wigner rotations and Iwasawa decompositions in polarization optics.
Wigner rotations and Iwasawa decompositions are manifestations of the internal space-time symmetries of massive and massless particles, respectively. It is shown to be possible to produce combinations of optical filters which exhibit transformations corresponding to Wigner rotations and Iwasawa decompositions. This is possible because the combined effects of rotation, phase-shift, and attenuation filters lead to transformation matrices of the six-parameter Lorentz group applicable to Jones vectors and Stokes parameters for polarized light waves. The symmetry transformations in special relativity lead to a set of experiments which can be performed in optics laboratories.
73571003
Time separation as a hidden variable to the Copenhagen school of quantum mechanics
The Bohr radius is a space‐like separation between the proton and electron in the hydrogen atom. According to the Copenhagen school of quantum mechanics, the proton is sitting in the absolute Lorentz frame. If this hydrogen atom is observed from a different Lorentz frame, there is a time‐like separation linearly mixed with the Bohr radius. Indeed, the time‐separation is one of the essential variables in high‐energy hadronic physics where the hadron is a bound state of the quarks, while thoroughly hidden in the present form of quantum mechanics. It will be concluded that this variable is hidden in Feynman’s rest of the universe. It is noted first that Feynman’s Lorentz‐invariant differential equation for the bound‐state quarks has a set of solutions which describe all essential features of hadronic physics. These solutions explicitly depend on the time separation between the quarks. This set also forms the mathematical basis for two‐mode squeezed states in quantum optics, where both photons are observable,...
1673726
Symmetries Shared by the Poincaré Group and the Poincaré Sphere
Henri Poincare formulated the mathematics of Lorentz transformations, known as the Poincare group. He also formulated the Poincare sphere for polarization optics. It is shown that these two mathematical instruments can be derived from the two-by-two representations of the Lorentz group. Wigner’s little groups for internal space-time symmetries are studied in detail. While the particle mass is a Lorentz-invariant quantity, it is shown to be possible to address its variations in terms of the decoherence mechanism in polarization optics.
14939249
Coupled Harmonic Oscillators and Feynman's Rest of the Universe
According to Feynman, the universe consists of two parts - the system in which we are interested and the rest of the universe which our measurement process does not reach. Feynman then formulates the density matrix in terms of the observable world and the rest of the universe. It is shown that coupled harmonic oscillators can serve as an illustrative example for Feynman's ``rest of the universe.'' It is pointed out that this simple example has far-reaching consequences in many branches of physics, including statistical mechanics, measurement theory, information theory, thermo-field dynamics, quantum optics, and relativistic quantum mechanics. It is shown that our ignorance of the rest of the universe increases the uncertainty and entropy in the system in which we are interested.
668406
Quantization of electromagnetic fields in a circular cylindrical cavity
We present a quantization procedure for the electromagnetic field in a circular cylindrical cavity with perfectly conducting walls, which is based on the decomposition of the field. A new decomposition procedure is proposed; all vector mode functions satisfying the boundary conditions are obtained with the help of this decomposition. After expanding the quantized field in terms of the vector mode functions, it is possible to derive the Hamiltonian for this quantized system.
11157984
Growth time of the longitudinal coupled bunch mode beam instability at the Duke FEL facility
To determine the required power of an amplifier for the longitudinal feedback (LFB) system, the growth time of the strongest longitudinal coupled bunch mode instability (CBMI) in the Duke storage ring should be measured in advance. In 2005, we measured strength of the strongest longitudinal beam instability in the Duke storage ring with four and eight symmetrically filled buckets. By analyzing measured data, the growth time of the strongest dipole mode of the longitudinal CBMI in the Duke storage ring can be estimated. At a beam energy of 274 MeV, the growth time is about 0.365 ms for a total stored beam current of 160 mA. From the measured growth time, we estimated the required power of the amplifier for the LFB system. To damp all harmful longitudinal CBMIs with an energy deviation of 0.1 % (rms) within its growth time of 0.365 ms, we have to supply about HOW (rms) to an LFB kicker whose a central frequency is 937.3875 MHz. In this paper, we describe the growth time of the longitudinal CBMI at the Duke storage ring and the estimation of the required power for the LFB system to damp all CBMIs within 0.365 ms.
16754660
DEVELOPMENT OF THE SIMULATOR FOR THE GLOBAL ORBIT FEEDBACK SYSTEM USING EPICS
We have carried out the basic research for the accelerator and tokamak control system based on the Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System (EPICS). We have used the process database and the state notation language (SNL) in the EPICS to develop the simulator which represents as a virtual machine. In this paper, we introduce the simulator of the global orbit feedback system as an example. This simulates the global orbit feedback system under the constraint conditions for Pohang Light Source (PLS) storage ring. We describe the details of the feedback algorithm and the realization of the simulator.
18963275
Heavy quarkonium in a holographic QCD model
Encouraged by recent developments in AdS/QCD models for the light quark system, we study heavy quarkonium in the framework of the AdS/QCD models. We calculate the masses of cc vector meson states using the AdS/QCD models at zero and at finite temperature. Among the models adopted in this work, we find that the soft-wall model describes the low-lying heavy quark meson states at zero temperature relatively well. At finite temperature, we observe that once the bound state is above T{sub c}, its mass will increase with temperature until it dissociates at a temperature of around 494 MeV. It is shown that the dissociation temperature is fixed by the infrared cutoff of the models. The present model serves as a unified nonperturbative model to investigate the properties of bound quarkonium states above T{sub c}.
37376282
Finite-temperature corrections in the dilated chiral quark model
We calculate the finite-temperature corrections in the dilated chiral quark model using the effective potential formalism. Assuming that the dilaton limit is applicable at some short length scale, we interpret the results to represent the behavior of hadrons in dense and hot matter. We obtain the scaling law, f{sub {pi}}(T)/f{sub {pi}} = m{sub Q}(T)/m{sub Q} {approx_equal} m{sub {sigma}}(T)/m{sub {sigma}}while we argue, using PCAC, that pion mass does not scale within the temperature range involved in our Lagrangian. It is found that the hadron masses and the pion decay constant drop faster with temperature in the dilated chiral quark model than in the conventional linear sigma model that does not take into account the QCD scale anomaly. We attribute the difference in scaling in heat bath to the effect of baryonic medium on thermal properties of the hadrons. Our finding would imply that the AGS experiments (dense and hot matter) and the RHIC experiments (hot and dilute matter) will ``see`` different hadron properties in the hadronization exit phase.
122939851
Nonstatistical behavior of photoeffect subshell branching ratios at high energies