119104596
B-meson wavefunction in the Wandzura–Wilczek approximation
The B-meson wavefunction has been studied with the help of the vacuum-to-meson matrix element of the non-local operators in the heavy quark effective theory. In order to obtain the Wandzura-Wilczek-type B-meson wavefunction, we solve the equations which are derived from the equation of motion of the light spectator quark in the B meson by using two different assumptions. Under the condition that omega(0) = 2 (Lambda) over bar, the solutions for the B-meson wavefunction in this paper agree well with the one obtained by directly taking the heavy quark limit m(b) -> infinity. Our results show that the equation of motion of the light spectator quark in the B meson can impose a strong constraint on the B-meson wavefunctions Psi(+/-)(omega, z(2)). Based on the obtained results, we claim that both its distribution amplitudes phi(B)(omega) and phi(B)(omega) are important for calculating the B meson decays. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
119268284
Uncertainties in estimating the indirect production of Bc and its excited states via top quark decays at CERN LHC
Abstract Main theoretical uncertainties in estimating the indirect production of ( b c ¯ ) -quarkonium ( B c − meson and its excited states) via top quark decays, t → ( b c ¯ ) + c + W + , are studied within the non-relativistic QCD framework. It is found that the dimensionless reduced decay width for a particular ( b c ¯ ) -quarkonium state, Γ ¯ n = Γ n / Γ t → W + + b , is very sensitive to the c -quark mass, while the uncertainties from the b -quark and t -quark masses are small, where n stands for the eight ( b c ¯ ) -quarkonium states up to O ( v 4 ) : | ( b c ¯ ) ( S 0 1 ) 1 〉 , | ( b c ¯ ) ( S 1 3 ) 1 〉 , | ( b c ¯ ) ( P 1 1 ) 1 〉 , | ( b c ¯ ) ( P J 3 ) 1 〉 (with J = ( 1 , 2 , 3 ) ), | ( b c ¯ ) ( S 0 1 ) 8 g 〉 and | ( b c ¯ ) ( S 1 3 ) 8 g 〉 respectively. About 10 8 t t ¯ -pairs shall be produced per year at CERN LHC, if adopting the assumption that all the higher Fock states decay to the ground state with 100% probability, then we shall have ( 1.038 −0.782 +1.353 ) × 10 5 B c − events per year. So the indirect production provides another important way to study the properties of B c − meson in comparison to that of the direct hadronic production at CERN LHC.
118560703
Application of the principle of maximum conformality to the top-quark forward-backward asymmetry at the Tevatron
¯p¯ FB at the Tevatron will be increased by 42% in comparison to the previous estimates obtained by using conventional scale setting; i.e. we obtain A t ¯PMC FB ≃ 12.5% and A p¯ p,PMC FB ≃ 8.28%. Moreover, we obtain A t ¯ t,PMC FB (Mt¯ > 450 GeV) ≃ 35.0%. These predictions have a 1�-deviation from the present CDF and D0 measurements; the large discrepancies of the top quark forward-backward asymmetry between the Standard Model estimate and the CDF and D0 data are thus greatly reduced.
5502533
A trick to improve the efficiency of generating unweighted Bc events from BCVEGPY
In the present paper, we provide an addendum to improve the efficiency of generating unweighted events within PYTHIA environment for the generator BCVEGPY2.1 [C.H. Chang, J.X. Wang, X.G. Wu, Comput. Phys. Commun. 174 (2006) 241]. This trick is helpful for experimental simulation. Moreover, the BCVEGPY output has also been improved, i.e. one Les Houches Event common block has been added so as to generate a standard Les Houches Event file that contains the information of the generated Bc meson and the accompanying partons, which can be more conveniently used for further simulation.
28851116
GENXICC2.1: An improved version of GENXICC for hadronic production of doubly heavy baryons
We present an improved version of GENXICC, which is a generator for hadronic production of the doubly heavy baryons $\Xi_{cc}$, $\Xi_{bc}$ and $\Xi_{bb}$ and has been raised by C.H. Chang, J.X. Wang and X.G. Wu [Comput. Phys. Commun. 177 (2007) 467; Comput. Phys. Commun. 181 (2010) 1144]. In comparison with the previous GENXICC versions, we update the program in order to generate the unweighted baryon events more effectively under various simulation environments, whose distributions are now generated according to the probability proportional to the integrand. One Les Houches Event (LHE) common block has been added to produce a standard LHE data file that contains useful information of the doubly heavy baryon and its accompanying partons. Such LHE data can be conveniently imported into PYTHIA to do further hadronization and decay simulation, especially, the color-flow problem can be solved with PYTHIA8.0.
119260697
Photoproduction of doubly heavy baryon at the ILC
A bstractIn the present paper, we make a detailed study on the doubly heavy baryon photoproduction in the future e+e− International Linear Collider (ILC). The baryons Ξcc, Ξbc, and Ξbb are produced via the channel γγ→ΞQQ′+Q¯′+Q¯$$ \gamma \gamma \to {\Xi}_{QQ\prime }+\overline{Q}^{\prime }+\overline{Q} $$, where Q and Q′ stand for heavy c or b quark, respectively. As for the ΞQQ′-baryon production, it shall first generate a (QQ′)[n]-diquark and then form the final baryon via fragmentation, where [n] stands for the color- and spin- configurations for the (QQ′)-diquark states. According to the non-relativistic QCD theory, four diquark configurations shall provide sizable contributions to the baryon production, e.g., [n] equals 3S13¯,1S06,3S16,or1S03¯$$ {\left[{}^3{S}_1\right]}_{\overline{3}},\;{\left[{}^1{S}_0\right]}_6,\;{\left[{}^3{S}_1\right]}_6,\;\mathrm{or}\kern0.37em {\left[{}^1{S}_0\right]}_{\overline{3}} $$, respectively. We adopt the improved helicity amplitude approach for the hard scattering amplitude to improve the calculation efficiency. Total and differential cross sections of those channels, as well as the theoretical uncertainties, are presented. We show that sizable amounts of baryon events can be generated at the ILC, i.e., about 2.0 × 106 Ξcc, 2.2 × 105 Ξbc, as well as 3.0 × 103 Ξbb events are to be generated in one operation year for S=500$$ \sqrt{S}=500 $$ GeV and ℒ ≃ 1036 cm−2s−1.
15225759
Accretion Disk Spectra of the Brightest Ultraluminous X-Ray Source in M82
Emission spectra of hot accretion disks characteristic of advection-dominated accretion flow (ADAF) models are investigated for comparison with the brightest ultraluminous source, X-1, in the galaxy M82. If the spectral state of the source is similar to the low-luminosity hard state of stellar mass black holes in our Galaxy, a fit to the Chandra X-ray spectrum and constraints from the radio and infrared upper limits requires a black hole mass in the range of 9 x 10(4)-5; 10(5) M-circle dot. Lower black hole masses (<= 10(4) M-circle dot) are possible if M82 X-1 corresponds to the highluminosity hard state of Galactic black hole X-ray binary sources. Both of these spectrally degenerate hot accretion disk solutions lead to an intermediate-mass black hole interpretation for M82 X-1. Since these solutions have different spectral variability with X-ray luminosity and predict different radio/infrared emission, they could be distinguished by future off-axis Chandra observations or simultaneous sensitive radio/infrared detections.
2829016
OPTICAL MONITORING OF BL LACERTAE OBJECT OJ 287: A 40 DAY PERIOD?
We present the results of our optical monitoring of the BL Lacertae object OJ 287 during the first half of 2005. The source did not show large-amplitude variations during this period and was in a relatively quiescent state. A possible period of 40 days was derived from its light curves in three BATC wave bands. A bluer-when-brighter chromatism was discovered, which is different from the extremely stable color during the outburst in 1994-1996. The different color behaviors imply different variation mechanisms in the two states. We then revisited the optical data on OJ 287 from the OJ-94 project and also found a probable period of 40 days in its optical variability during the late 1994 outburst. The results suggest that two components contribute to the variability of OJ 287 during its outburst state. The first component is the normal blazar variation. This component has an amplitude similar to that of the quiescent state and also may share a similar periodicity. The second component can be taken as a "low-frequency modulation" to the first component. It may be induced by the interaction of the assumed binary black holes in the center of this object. The 40 day period may be related to the helical structure of the magnetic field at the base of the jet or to the orbital motion close to the central primary black hole.
2377462
Galaxy bulge formation: Interplay with dark matter halo and central supermassive black hole
We present a simple scenario where the formation of galactic bulges was regulated by the dark halo gravity and regulates the growth of the central supermassive black hole. Assuming the angular momentum is low, we suggest that bulges form in a runaway collapse due to the "gravothermal" instability once the central gas density or pressure exceeds a certain threshold. We emphasize that the threshold is nearly universal, set by the background NFW dark matter gravity gDM ~ 1.2 × 10-8 cm s-2 in the central cusps of halos. Unlike known thresholds for gradual formation of galaxy disks, we show that the universal "halo-regulated" star formation threshold for spheroids matches the very high star formation rate and star formation efficiency seen in high-redshift observations of central starburst regions. The starburst feedback also builds up a pressure shortly after the collapse. This large pressure could act both outward to halt further infall of gas from larger scales and inward to counter the Compton-thick wind launched from the central black hole in an Eddington accretion. Assuming the feedback balances inward and outward forces, our scenario naturally gives rise to the black hole-bulge relationships observed in the local universe.
14655295
Modeling the Hard States of XTE J1550–564 during Its 2000 Outburst
We study the hard states of the black hole binary XTE J1550-564 during its 2000 outburst. In order to explain those states at their highest luminosities, L similar to 10% of the Eddington luminosity, L-E, we propose a specific hot accretion flow model. We point out that the highest values of the hard-state L are substantially above the L that an advection-dominated accretion flow can produce, similar to 0.4 alpha L-2(E), which is only similar to 3%-4% of L-E even for alpha as high as 0.3. On the other hand, we successfully explain the hard states with L similar to 0.04-0.10 using the luminous hot accretion flow (LHAF) model. As 0.10L(E) is also roughly the highest luminosity an LHAF can produce, such agreement between the predicted and observed highest luminosities itself provides strong support for this model. We then study multiwaveband spectral variability during the 2000 outburst. In addition to the primary maxima in the optical light curves, secondary maxima were detected after the transition from the very high state to the hard state. We show that the secondary maxima are well modeled as synchrotron emission from a jet formed during the state transition. We argue that the absence of a corresponding secondary peak in the X-ray light curve indicates that the X-ray jet emission, regardless of its radiative process, synchrotron or Comptonization, is not important in the hard state as compared with the emission from the accretion flow.
13937852
Strong decays of heavy baryons in the Bethe-Salpeter formalism
In this paper we study the properties of diquarks (composed of u and/or d quarks) in the Bethe-Salpeter (BS) formalism under the covariant instantaneous approximation. We calculate their BS wave functions and study their effective interaction with the pion. Using the effective coupling constant among the diquarks and the pion, in the heavy quark limit m{sub Q}{yields}{infinity}, we calculate the decay widths of {sigma}{sub Q}{sup (*)} (Q=c, b) in the BS formalism under the covariant instantaneous approximation and then give predictions of the decay widths {gamma}({sigma}{sub b}{sup (*)}{yields}{lambda}{sub b}+{pi})