15478688
The influence of world-sheet boundaries on critical closed string theory
Abstract This paper considers interactions between closed strings and open strings satisfying either Neumann or constant (point-like) Dirichlet boundary conditions in a BRST formalism in the critical dimension. With Neumann conditions this reproduces the well-known stringy version of the Higgs mechanism. With Dirichlet conditions the open-string states correspond to either auxiliary or Lagrange multiplier target-space fields and their coupling to the closed-string sector leads to constraints on the closed-string spectrum.
121062482
N=4 Yang-Mills and N=8 Supergravity as Limits of String Theories
The formulation of supersymmetric string theories in ten dimensions is generalized to incorporate compactified dimensions. Expressions for the one-loop four-particle S -matrix elements of N = 4 Yang-Mills and N = 8 supergravity in four dimensions are obtained by studying the string-theory loop amplitudes in the limit that the radii of the compactified dimensions and the Regge slope parameter simultaneously approach zero. If certain patterns that emerge should persist in the higher orders of perturbation theory, then N = 4 Yang-Mills in four dimensions would be ultraviolet finite to all orders, whereas N = 8 supergravity in four dimensions would have ultraviolet divergences starting at three loops.
120539667
Anomaly cancellations in supersymmetric D = 10 gauge theory and superstring theory☆
Abstract Supersymmetric ten-dimensional Yang-Mills theory coupled to N = 1, D = 10 supergravity has gauge and gravitational anomalies that can be partially cancelled by the addition of suitable local interactions. The remaining pieces of all the anomalies cancel if the gauge group is SO(32) or E 8 × E 8 . These cancellations are automatically incorporated in the type I superstring theory based on SO(32). A superstring theory for E 8 × E 8 has not yet been constructed.
123230985
Off-shell states in the dual model
Abstract We present a class of Lorentz invariant, gauge invariant off-shell amplitudes for the ordinary Veneziano and Ramond-Neveu-Schwarz dual models. They correspond to interactions with the string which are local in space-time.
9607753
Anomalous creation of branes
In certain circumstances when two branes pass through each other a third brane is produced stretching between them. We explain this phenomenon by the use of chains of dualities and the inflow of charge that is required for the absence of chiral gauge anomalies when pairs of D-branes intersect.
121755839
PHASE CONTOURS AND BOOTSTRAPS. I.
6205052
The Effect of Magnetic Field on the Position of HTS Leads and the Cooler in the Services Tower of the MICE Focusing Magnet
The MICE focusing solenoids have three 4 K coolers (two for the superconducting magnet and one for the liquid absorber) and four HTS leads that feed the current to the focusing coils. The focusing solenoids produce large radial external fields when they operate with the polarity of the two coils in opposition (the gradient or flip mode). When the MICE focusing coils operate at the same polarity (the solenoid or non-flip mode), the fields are much smaller and parallel to the axis of the solenoid. The worst-case magnetic field affects the selection of the cooler and the HTS leads. This magnetic field can also determine the height of the service towers that house the three coolers and the four HTS leads. This paper shows the criteria used for Cooler selection, HTS lead selection, and the position of both the cooler and leads with respect to the solenoid axis of rotation.
31561398
Superconducting dipoles and quadrupoles for a 2 TeV muon collider
At 2 TeV the mean lifetime for a muon is 41.6 ms. In order to achieve high luminosity at the collider collision point, the dipole central induction for the storage ring should be over 8 T. The storage ring carries muon over 1000 turns through the ring before they decay away. Muons decay to two neutrinos and an electron or positron (depending on the charge of the decaying muon). Seventy percent of the muon energy will be taken away by the neutrinos. The electrons (at average energies of 700 GeV) and the photons (at energies up to 2.1 GeV) are quite penetrating. At the design luminosity of the muon collider, the superconducting dipoles and quadrupoles in the storage ring must contain muon beams (up to 1.4/spl times/10/sup 14/ muons per second) that will deposit over 1.8 kW per meter of energy into the storage ring. This report presents two design approaches for superconducting dipoles and quadrupoles that can be used for the muon collider storage ring.
121004261
A burnout safety condition for superconducting magnets and some of its applications
From the time evolution of the current in a superconducting coil during a quench, an upper limit can be computed for the temperature reached anywhere in the coil. A condition under which the danger of burnout is eliminated is derived here. It is used to show how the tests of superconducting magnets can be made safe against burnout and it provides constraints for the design of some type of magnets.
122299493
The Effect of Flux Creep on the Magnetization Field in the SSC Dipole Magnets
The sextupole fields of model SSC dipole magnets have been observed to change with time when the magnets are held at constant current under conditions similar to injection into the SSC accelerator. The changes in the sextupole component have close to a linear log time dependence, and is felt to be caused by flux creep decay of the magnetization currents in the superconductor filaments. Measurements of this decay have been made under various conditions. The conditions include various central field inductions and changes of field prior to when the decay was measured. The measured field decay in the dipole’s sextupole is proportional to the magnitude and sign of the sextupole due to magnetization which was measured at the start of the decay. This suggests that the decay is a bulk superconductivity flux creep. Proximity coupling appears to play only a minor role in the flux creep according to recent LBL measurements with a stable power supply.
122003703
Quench back in thin superconducting solenoid magnets
Abstract Superconducting magnets with well coupled, low resistance, secondary circuits have been observed to become fully normal faster than quench propagation in the coil would permit. This process is referred to as ‘quench back’. Quench back observed at the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory (LBL) was caused by heating the secondary circuit from the current induced from the primary circuit as normal region in the superconducting coil propagated. This paper develops the theory for thermal quench back in thin solenoid magnets and compares this theory with measurements made in two one-meter diameter superconducting solenoid magnets.