53783846
Translating–transliterating named entities for multilingual information access
Named entities are major constituents of a document but are usually unknown words. This work proposes a systematic way of dealing with formulation, transformation, translation, and transliteration of multilingual-named entities. The rules and similarity matrices for translation and transliteration are learned automatically from parallel-named-entity corpora. The results are applied in cross-language access to collections of images with captions. Experimental results demonstrate that the similarity-based transliteration of named entities is effective, and runs in which transliteration is considered outperform the runs in which it is neglected. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
1160125
Foreign Name Backward Transliteration in Chinese-English Cross-Language Image Retrieval
In this paper we propose an approach to deal with the Chinese-English cross-language image retrieval problem. Text-based image retrieval and query translation methods were adopted in the experiments. A similarity-based backward transliteration model with candidate filter was proposed to translate proper nouns that have no entries in a bilingual dictionary. The experimental results showed that using similarity-based backward transliteration increased retrieval performances.
17665082
Generating Cross-lingual Concept Space from Parallel Corpora on the Web
The information available in languages other than English on the World Wide Web is increasing significantly. To cross language boundaries between different languages, dictionaries are the most typical tools. However, the general-purpose dictionary is less sensitive in genre and domain and it is impractical to manually construct tailored bilingual dictionaries or sophisticated multilingual thesauri for large applications. Corpus-based approaches, which do not have the limitation of dictionaries, provide a statistical translation model to cross the language boundary. The objective of this research work is to mine English/Chinese parallel documents automatically from the World Wide Web and generate a crosslingual concept space automatically for cross-lingual information retrieval. The alignment method is developed based on dynamic programming to identify the one-to-one Chinese and English title pairs for building parallel corpus. The Hopfield network is then employed to generate the cross-lingual concept space based on the statistical correlation analysis of the semantics (knowledge) embedded in the bilingual press release corpus. The research output consisted of a thesaurus-like, semantic network knowledge base, which can aid in semantics-based cross-lingual information management and retrieval.
21318621
Design and implementation of a computational grid for bioinformatics
The popular technologies, Internet computing and grid technologies promise to change the way we tackle complex problems. They enable large-scale aggregation and sharing of computational, data and other resources across institutional boundaries. And harnessing these new technologies effectively transforms scientific disciplines ranging from high-energy physics to the life sciences. The computational analysis of biological sequences is a kind of computation driven science. Cause the biology data growing quickly and these databases are heterogeneous. We can use the grid system sharing and integrating the heterogeneous biology database. As we know, bioinformatics tools can speed up analysis the large-scale sequence data, especially about sequence alignment and analysis. The FASTA is a tool for aligning multiple protein or nucleotide sequences. These two bioinformatics software, which we used is a distributed and parallel version. The software uses a message-passing library called MPI (message passing interface) and runs on distributed workstation clusters as well as on traditional parallel computers. A grid computing environment is proposed and constructed on multiple Linux PC clusters by using globus toolkit (GT) and SUN grid engine (SGE). The experimental results and performances of the bioinformatics tool using on grid system are also presented.
62232442
Conceptual analysis of parallel corpus collected from the Web
As illustrated by the World Wide Web, the volume of information in languages other than English has grown significantly in recent years. This highlights the importance of multilingual corpora. Much effort has been devoted to the compilation of multilingual corpora for the purpose of cross-lingual information retrieval and machine translation. Existing parallel corpora mostly involve European languages, such as English–French and English–Spanish. There is still a lack of parallel corpora between European languages and Asian languages. In the authors' previous work, an alignment method to identify one-to-one Chinese and English title pairs was developed to construct an English–Chinese parallel corpus that works automatically from the World Wide Web, and a 100p precision and 87p recall were obtained. Careful analysis of these results has helped the authors to understand how the alignment method can be improved. A conceptual analysis was conducted, which includes the analysis of conceptual equivalent and conceptual information alternation in the aligned and nonaligned English–Chinese title pairs that are obtained by the alignment method. The result of the analysis not only reflects the characteristics of parallel corpora, but also gives insight into the strengths and weaknesses of the alignment method. In particular, conceptual alternation, such as omission and addition, is found to have a significant impact on the performance of the alignment method. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
466897
Integrating grid with intrusion detection
In recent years, distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) and denial-of-service (DoS) are the most dreadful network threats. Single-node IDS often suffers from losing its detection effectiveness and capability when processing enormous network traffic. To solve the drawbacks, we propose grid-based IDS, called grid intrusion detection system (GIDS), which uses grid computing resources to detect intrusion packets. For balancing detection load, score subtraction approach (SSA) and score addition approach (SAA) are deployed. Furthermore, to effectively detect intrusions, a two-phase packet detection process is proposed. The first phase detects logical and momentary attacks. Chronic attacks are detected in the second phase. Experiments are also performed and the results show that GIDS is truly an outstanding system in detecting attacks.
206564363
High-Resolution Histogram Modification of Color Images
Abstract For color images, histogram modification is usually applied to the quantized luminance component. However, the luminance quantization error can be significantly magnified by the transformation function, leading to distortion in the processed image. The propagation of the quantization error is analyzed theoretically to determine the worst-case error, The relationship between the number of luminance quantization levels and the output quantization error is derived. Experimental results with histogram equalization demonstrate that the use of a higher resolution histogram leads to reduced distortion as well as a "flatter" output histogram.