8977451
Isospin-mixing corrections for fp-shell Fermi transitions.
Isospin-mixing corrections for superallowed Fermi transitions in {ital fp}-shell nuclei are computed within the framework of the shell model. The study includes three nuclei that are part of the set of nine accurately measured transitions as well as five cases that are expected to be measured in the future at radioactive-beam facilities. We also include some new calculations for {sup 10}C. With the isospin-mixing corrections applied to the nine accurately measured {ital ft} values, the conserved-vector-current hypothesis and the unitarity condition of the Cabbibo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix are tested.
120853289
The 52,54Cr(p, n)52,54Mn and 57,58Fe(p, n)57,58Co reactions at Ep = 120 MeV
Abstract Differential cross sections for the (p, n) reaction on 52, 54 Cr and 57, 58 Fe have been measured for angles up to θ lab = 10.5° and 14.6°, respectively, using 120 MeV protons. The observed angular distributions are used to evaluate the location and strength of Gamow-Teller resonances. A shell-model calculation of this strength distribution is presented and compared with the experimental results. The M1 strength for 52 Cr is also calculated and compared with available results from (e, e') and (p, p') experiments. A comparison is made with other If 7 2 nuclei.
34139540
Shape of the beta spectra in the A=14 system.
41679008
Proton capture to excited states of O 16 : M 1 , E 1 , and Gamow-Teller transitions and shell model calculations
We have measured excitation functions of the ..gamma..-rays resulting from the bombardment of /sup 15/N by polarized and unpolarized protons in the energy range E/sub p/ = 2.5 to 9.5 MeV with emphasis on identifying dipole decays to the first (0/sup +/) and second (3/sup -/) excited states in /sup 16/O. Resonances in ..gamma../sub 12/ are observed at E/sub x/ = 16.21, 16.45, 16.82, 17.12, 18.03, 18.98, 19.90 and 20.41 MeV. The 16.21 and 17.12 MeV resonances in ..gamma../sub 12/ are identified as M1-decays of the 1/sup +/ T = 1 states to the 6.05 MeV 0/sup +/ state in /sup 16/O. The measured ratio of reduced strengths B(m1,..gamma../sub 1/)/(B(M1,..gamma../sub 0/) is 0.48 +- 0.03 for decays from the 16.21 MeV state and 0.55 +- 0.04 for decays from the 17.12 MeV state. The 18.03 MeV resonance is due to a 3/sup -/ T = 1 state in /sup 16/O with a strength Gamma/sup p/Gamma/sub gamma 2//Gamma = (1.96 +- 0.27) eV and the 18.98 MeV resonance is due to the 4/sup -/ T = 1 stretched particle-hole state with a strength of (0.85 +- 0.10) eV. We determine absolute particle and ..gamma.. widths for these states. The M1 ..gamma../submore » 2/-width of the 18.98 MeV state, (7.1 +- 3.1) eV, is in agreement with a shell-model calculation. Resonances in ..gamma../sub 3/ are observed at 16.82 and 17.27 MeV and in ..gamma../sub 4/ at 17.88 MeV. The excitation energies and widths of these levels as well as the strengths of the ..gamma.. transitions suggest T = 1 character for all of the resonances for which capture ..gamma..-rays are observed. Correspondences of our resonances to levels in /sup 16/N are given. We compare ..gamma.. widths, including ground-state M1 decays, and allowed ..beta.. transition rate in A = 16 nuclei with shell model calculations and obtain rough agreement. Additional shell model calculations for M1 and GT (Gamow-Teller) decays in the A-14, 15, 17 and 18 nuclei are presented, which indicate that GT matrix elements are quenched by approx. 20% relative to shell model predictions and also relative to the spin part of the M1 matrix elements.« less
35436961
Predicted features of the beta decay of neutron-rich sd-shell nuclei
The Gamow-Teller beta-decay transitions of sd-shell nuclei with five or more excess neutrons are calculated from complete (0d/sub 5/2/, 1s/sub 1/2/, 0d/sub 3/2/)-space shell-model wave functions. These wave functions are obtained from diagonalizations of a model Hamiltonian formulation which reproduces observed energy-level structures throughout the sd shell. The calculations are carried out with both the ''free-nucleon'' normalization for the Gamow-Teller single-nucleon matrix elements and one based on the empirical values obtained for these quantities from a comparison of corresponding theoretical and experimental Gamow-Teller magnitudes near the line of stability. The phase-space factors f which connect the reduced Gamow-Teller strengths to the total half-lives and the individual decay probabilities are calculated both from the energies obtained in the shell-model calculations and, alternatively, from hybrid energy spectra in which available experimental energies are substituted for the corresponding calculated values wherever possible. Comparisons of the beta-decay predictions to existing experimental results are presented and discussed.
56232513
Search for physics beyond the standard model via a polarization-asymmetry correlation experiment on In-107
We report on a new precision measurement of the longitudinal polarization of positrons emitted by polarized 107In nuclei. Preliminary results yield a lower limit of 303 GeV/c2 for the mass of a possible, predominantly right-handed, W gauge boson, if interpreted in the framework of the manifest, left-right symmetric model. In more general left-right symmetric models our result is complementary to those from muon decay experiments and to results from searches for a similar particle in collider experiments. Our data also provide new results on possible tensor contributions to the weak interaction.
37689024
Lowest order hadronic contribution to the muon g-2 value with systematic error correlations.
We have performed a new evaluation of the hadronic contribution to {ital a}{sub {mu}}=({ital g}{minus}2)/2 of the muon with explicit correlations of systematic errors among the experimental data on {sigma}({ital e}{sup +}{ital e}{sup {minus}}{r_arrow}hadrons). Our result for the lowest order hadronic vacuum polarization contribution is {ital a}{sub {mu}}{sup had}=702.6(7.8)(14.0){times}10{sup {minus}10} where the first error is statistical and the second is systematic. The total systematic error contributions from below and above {radical}{ital s}=1.4 GeV are (13.1){times}10{sup {minus}10} and (5.1){times}10{sup {minus}10}, respectively, and are hence dominated by the low energy region. Therefore, new measurements on {sigma}({ital e}{sup +}{ital e}{sup {minus}}{r_arrow}hadrons) below 1.4 GeV can significantly reduce the total error on {ital a}{sub {mu}}{sup had}. In particular, the effect on the total errors of new hypothetical data with 3{percent} statistical and 0.5{endash}1.0{percent} systematic errors is presented. {copyright} {ital 1996 The American Physical Society.}
8309896
Photonuclear fission from high energy electrons from ultraintense laser-solid interactions
A new regime of laser-matter interactions in which the quiver motion of plasma electrons is fully relativistic, with energies extending well above the threshold for nuclear processes, is studied using a petawatt laser system. In solid target experiments with focused intensities exceeding 10(20) W/cm(2), high energy electron generation, hard bremsstrahlung, and nuclear phenomena have been observed. We report here a quantitative comparison of the high energy electrons and the bremsstrahlung spectrum, as measured by photonuclear reaction yields, including the photoinduced fission of 238U.
36218377
Spin of the proton and the chiral bag.
Measurement of the spin carried by the quarks in the proton can be very important in distinguishing between low-energy models of the hadron. Topological soliton models have rather little or no spin in the quarks, in agreement with present experimental indications.
668564
Medium effects on kaon and antikaon spectra in heavy-ion collisions.
In the linear chiral perturbation theory, both kaon and antikaon masses decrease in dense matter. There is also a repulsive vector potential for the kaon and an attractive one for the antikaon. With these effects included in the relativistic transport model, it is found that the slope parameter of the kaon kinetic energy distribution is larger than that of the antikaon. This is consistent with the experimental data from heavy-ion collisions in the Alternating Gradient Synchrotron experiments at Brookhaven.
33197285
Tunneling in perfect-fluid (minisuperspace) quantum cosmology.