117036676
Dependences of Type Ia Supernovae Lightcurve Parameters on the Host Galaxy Star Formation Rate and Metallicity
We present the dependences of the properties of type Ia Supernovae (SNe Ia) on their host galaxies by analyzing the multi-band lightcurves of 118 spectroscopically confirmed SNe Ia observed by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Supernova Survey and the spectra of their host galaxies. We derive the equivalent width of the \rm{H}$\alpha$ emission line, star formation rate, and gas-phase metallicity from the spectra and compare these with the lightcurve widths and colors of SNe Ia. In addition, we compare host properties with the deviation of the observed distance modulus corrected for lightcurve parameters from the distance modulus determined by the best fit cosmological parameters. This allows us to investigate uncorrected systematic effects in the magnitude standardization. We find that SNe Ia in host galaxies with a higher star formation rate have synthesized on average a larger $^{56}$Ni mass and show wider lightcurves. The $^{56}$Ni mass dependence on metallicity is consistent with a prediction of Timmes et al. 2003 based on nucleosynthesis. SNe Ia in metal-rich galaxies ({$\log_{10}(O/H)+12>8.9$) have become 0.13 $\pm$ 0.06 magnitude brighter after corrections for their lightcurve widths and colors, which corresponds to up to 6% uncertainty in the luminosity distance. We investigate whether parameters for standardizing SN Ia maximum magnitude differ among samples with different host characteristics. The coefficient of the color term is larger by 0.67 $\pm$ 0.19 for SNe Ia in metal-poor hosts than those in metal-rich hosts when no color cuts are imposed.
118546402
Line Profiles of Intermediate Redshift Type Ia Supernovae
We present the temporal evolution of line profiles ranging from near ultraviolet to optical wavelengths by analyzing 59 Subaru telescope spectra of normal Type Ia Supernovae (SNe Ia) in the intermediate redshift range (0.05 < z < 0.4) discovered by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey-II (SDSS-II) Supernova Survey. We derive line velocities, peak wavelengths and pseudo-equivalent widths (pEWs) of these lines. Additionally, we compare the line profiles around the date of maximum brightness with those from their nearby counterparts. We find that line profiles represented by their velocities and pEWs for intermediate redshift SNe Ia are consistent with their nearby counterparts within 2 $\sigma$. These findings support the picture that SNe Ia are a "standard" candle for the intermediate redshift range as has been shown between SNe Ia at nearby and high redshifts. There is a hint that the "MgII \lambda 4300" pEW distribution for intermediate redshift SNe Ia is larger than for the nearby sample, which could be interpreted as a difference in the progenitor abundance.
120474053
Non-Abelian vortices with product moduli
Vortices of a new type, carrying non-Abelian flux moduli CP{sup n-1}xCP{sup r-1}, are found in the context of softly broken N=2 supersymmetric quantum chromodynamics. By tuning the bare quark masses appropriately, we identify the vacuum in which the underlying SU(N) gauge group is partially broken to SU(n)xSU(r)xU(1)/Z{sub K}, where K is the least common multiple of (n,r), and with N{sub f}{sup su(n)}=n and N{sub f}{sup su(r)}=r flavors of light quark multiplets. At much lower energies, the gauge group is broken completely by the squark vacuum expectation values, and vortices develop which carry non-Abelian flux moduli CP{sup n-1}xCP{sup r-1}. For n>r, at the length scale at which the SU(n) fluctuations become strongly coupled and Abelianize, the vortex still carries weakly fluctuating SU(r) flux moduli. We discuss the possibility that these vortices are related to the light non-Abelian monopoles found earlier in the fully quantum-mechanical treatment of 4D supersymmetric quantum chromodynamics.
122339799
Is weak interaction symmetry broken by ordinary colour forces
Abstract We comment on models in which the Weinberg-Salam symmetry is dynamically broken by colour forces. These models have one weak doublet of colour-sextet fermions. Experimental implications of this scheme are studied and compared with predictions of the standard GWS model.
34436586
Vortex zero modes, large flux limit and Ambjørn-Nielsen-Olesen magnetic instabilities
A bstractIn the large flux limit vortices become flux tubes with almost constant magnetic field in the interior region. This occurs in the case of non-Abelian vortices as well, and the study of such configurations allows us to reveal a close relationship between vortex zero modes and the gyromagnetic instabilities of vector bosons in a strong background magnetic field discovered by Nielsen, Olesen and Ambjørn. The BPS vortices are exactly at the onset of this instability, and the dimension of their moduli space is precisely reproduced in this way. We present a unifying picture in which, through the study of the linear spectrum of scalars, fermions and W bosons in the magnetic field background, the expected number of translational, orientational, fermionic as well as semilocal zero modes is correctly reproduced in all cases.
15290105
On the Stability of Non-Abelian Semi-local Vortices
Abstract We study the stability of non-Abelian semi-local vortices based on an N = 2 supersymmetric H = SU ( N c ) × U ( 1 ) / Z N c ∼ U ( N c ) gauge theory with an arbitrary number of flavors ( N f > N c ) in the fundamental representation, when certain N = 1 mass terms are present, making the vortex solutions no longer BPS-saturated. Local (ANO-like) vortices are found to be stable against fluctuations in the transverse directions. Strong evidence is found that the ANO-like vortices are actually the true minima. In other words, the semi-local moduli, which are present in the BPS limit, disappear in our non-BPS system, leaving the vortex with the orientational moduli C P N c − 1 only. We discuss the implications of this fact on the system in which the U ( N c ) model arises as the low-energy approximation of an underlying e.g. G = SU ( N c + 1 ) gauge theory.
121462150
Inclusive sum rules in current-induced hadron production