Demand Fluctuation and Supply Chain Integration: Case Studies of Japanese Firms
Current Japanese OEM s utilize both make-to-stock ( MTS ) and make-to-order ( MTO ) to cope with demand fluctuation. In this article, we study how leading manufacturing firms utilize MTS and MTO by observing two case studies, Toyota’s and Omron’s operations in China. Production and delivery of component suppliers are based on the advance notification from their manufacturers. For this, most automotive firms integrate marketing channels internally, however, most healthcare firms do not. Consequently, it is difficult to forecast and control demand accurately like automotive firms. In this sense, for healthcare firms, it is a tremendous challenge to respond to demand fluctuation through integration with external marketing agencies. We show both companies strategies to mix MTS and MTO along with integrating internal and external parties.