Errors in strike and dip measurements
If the error in measuring the pole to a surface is symmetrical about the true pole, geometry shows that the standard deviation of repeated measurements of the strike at an outcrop should be directly proportional to the standard deviation of the dip measurements and inversely proportional to the sine of the true dip. This prediction is substantiated by bedding-plane measurements from the Canadian Rocky Mountains. The magnitudes of observed errors depend partly on rock type and dip.