Ringel-Hall numbers and the Gabriel-Roiter submodules of simple homogeneous regular modules
Let k be an arbitrary field and Q an acyclic quiver of tame type. Consider the path algebra kQ and the category of finite dimensional right modules Mod kQ. In the first part of the paper we deduce that the Gabriel-Roiter inclusions in preprojective indecomposables and simple homogeneous regulars (with dimension the minimal radical vector) as well as their Gabriel-Roiter measures are field independent. Using this result we can prove in a more general setting a theorem by Bo Chen which states that the Gabriel-Roiter submodule of a simple homogeneous regular (with dimension the minimal radical vector) is a preprojective indecomposable of defect -1. The generalization consists in considering the originally missing case $\tilde E_8$ and using arbitrary fields (instead of algebraically closed ones). Our proof is based on the idea of Ringel (used in the Dynkin quiver context) of comparing all possible Ringel-Hall polynomials with the special form they take in case of a Gabriel-Roiter inclusion. For this purpose we compute (using a program written in GAP) a list of useful Ringel-Hall polynomials in tame cases.