Novel aerosol extinction coefficients and lidar ratios over the ocean from CALIPSO–CloudSat: evaluation and global statistics
Abstract. Aerosol extinction coefficients ( σa ) and lidar ratios
(LRs) are retrieved over the ocean from CALIPSO's Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with
Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) attenuated backscatter profiles by solving
the lidar equation constrained with aerosol optical depths (AODs) derived by
applying the Synergized Optical Depth of Aerosols (SODA) algorithm to ocean
surface returns measured by CALIOP and CloudSat's Cloud Profiling Radar.
 σa and LR are retrieved for two independent scenarios that
require somewhat different assumptions: (a) a single homogeneous atmospheric
layer (1L) for which the LR is constant with height and (b) a vertically
homogeneous layer with a constant LR overlying a marine boundary layer with
a homogenous LR fixed at 25 sr (two-layer method, 2L). These new retrievals
differ from the standard CALIPSO version 4.1 (V4) product, as the
CALIOP–SODA method does not rely on an aerosol classification scheme to
select LR. CALIOP–SODA σa and LR are evaluated using airborne
high-spectral-resolution lidar (HSRL) observations over the northwest
Atlantic. CALIOP–SODA LR (1L and 2L) positively correlates with its HSRL
counterpart (linear correlation coefficient r>0.67 ), with a
negative bias smaller than 17.4 % and a good agreement for σa 
( r≥ 0.78) with a small negative bias ( ≤ | - 9.2 % | ).
Furthermore, a global comparison of optical depths derived by CALIOP–SODA
and CALIPSO V4 reveals substantial discrepancies over regions dominated by
dust and smoke (0.24), whereas Aqua's Moderate resolution Imaging
Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and SODA AOD regional differences are within 0.06. Global maps of CALIOP–SODA LR feature high values over littoral zones,
consistent with expectations of continental aerosol transport offshore. In
addition, seasonal transitions associated with biomass burning from June
to October over the southeast Atlantic are well reproduced by CALIOP–SODA
LR.