Ringel modules and homological subcategories
Given a good $n$-tilting module $T$ over a ring $A$, let $B$ be the endomorphism ring of $T$, it is an open question whether the kernel of the left-derived functor $T\otimes^L_B-$ between the derived module categories of $B$ and $A$ could be realized as the derived module category of a ring $C$ via a ring epimorphism $B\rightarrow C$ for $n\ge 2$. In this paper, we first provide a uniform way to deal with the above question both for tilting and cotilting modules by considering a new class of modules called Ringel modules, and then give criterions for the kernel of $T\otimes^L_B-$ to be equivalent to the derived module category of a ring $C$ with a ring epimorphism $B\rightarrow C$. Using these characterizations, we display both a positive example of $n$-tilting modules from noncommutative algebra, and a counterexample of $n$-tilting modules from commutative algebra to show that, in general, the open question may have a negative answer. As another application of our methods, we consider the dual question for cotilting modules, and get corresponding criterions and counterexamples. The case of cotilting modules, however, is much more complicated than the case of tilting modules.