Observed Body Clustering for Imitation Based on Value System
In order to develop skills, actions, and behavior in a human symbiotic environment, a robot must learn something from behavior observation of predecessors or humans. Recently, robotic imitation methods based on many approaches have been proposed. We have proposed reinforcement learning based approaches for the imitation and investigated them under an assumption that an observer recognizes the body parts of the performer and maps them to the ones of its own. However, the assumption is not always applicable because of physical differences between the performer and the observer. In order to learn various behaviors from the observation, the robot has to cluster the observed body area of the performer on the camera image and maps the clustered parts to its own body parts based on reasonable criterion for itself and feedback the data for the imitation. This paper shows that the clustering the body area on the camera image into the body parts of its own based on the estimation of the state value in a framework of reinforcement learning as well as it imitates the observed behavior based on the state value estimation. Clustering parameters are updated based on the temporal difference error analogously so the parameters of the state value function of the behavior are updated based on the temporal difference error. The validity of the proposed method is investigated by applying it to an imitation of a dynamic throwing motion of an inverted pendulum robot and human.