The relaxation dynamics, iron valence state, and Mössbauer effect in PFN ceramics
The dielectric properties, X-ray emission spectra, and Mössbauer effect in ceramics made of PbFe1/2Nb1/2O3 (PFN) compound were studied. The relaxation dynamics revealed above Curie temperature TC at a frequency of 3 × 10−2–105 Hz is described in detail. Analysis of the X-ray emission and Mössbauer spectra showed that at room temperature (T = 300 K), the iron ions in PFN are mainly in the high-spin valence state Fe3+. The Mössbauer spectral parameters obtained at T = (300, 353, and 393 K) indicate an octahedral environment for Fe3+ in both the ferroelectric and paraelectric phases.