Indwelling Pleural Catheters: An Overview and Real-life Experience.
BACKGROUND
Indwelling pleural catheters (IPCs) are most frequently used in those with malignant pleural effusions (MPE), although their use is expanding to patients with non-malignant diseases.


AIM
To provide an overview of IPCs and highlight how, when and why they can be used including our own real-life experience.


DESIGN
Data were collected retrospectively from a large tertiary centre for all individuals who received an IPC between June 2010 and February 2018 inclusive. The data collected included gender, age, origin of malignancy, number of drains prior to IPC, whether they had received pleurodesis prior to IPC, presence of a trapped lung, date of insertion, documented complications, overall outcome and date of death.


RESULTS
A total of 68 patients received an IPC, the majority were female (n = 38, 57%) with an overall median age of 68 years (range 40-90 years). The most common site of cancer origin was lung (n = 33, 49%) followed by pleura (n = 10, 15%) and breast (n = 9, 13%). The median survival of all patients was 141 days (IQR 26-181). Sixteen per cent (n = 11) of patients underwent a spontaneous pleurodesis resulting in their IPC being removed. Only 3 individuals had a complication (4.4%).


CONCLUSIONS
IPC insertion is a safe procedure and represents an exciting and expanding field in the management of pleural disease. Further longitudinal studies are required to fully delineate their place in the management of both malignant and benign effusions.