Current Situation and Thinking of Grading System of Diagnosis and Treatment Implemented in China
This paper would analyze the current situation of the development of the hierarchical diagnosis and treatment system. It’s concluded that the core of implementation of the system is the achievement of the grass-roots initial diagnosis and two-way referral; the key issue is to improve patients’ satisfaction with the initial diagnosis and to strengthen division of labor and cooperation in various medical institutions; measures need to be taken mainly include the guiding and supporting from policies to the implementation of the system, attaching importance to the training of general practitioner and establishing medical information sharing platform. The implementation of grading system of diagnosis and treatment can not only bring rational allocation of resources about health services, but also effective alleviation of the contradiction between supply and demand, thus solving the problems such as the difficulty in getting medical service and high cost in China. Overview of the Development of Hierarchical Diagnosis and Treatment System Basic Meaning of Hierarchical Diagnosis and Treatment It refers to the diagnosis and treatment graded by the relative severity or urgency of the disease and the degree of difficulty in treatment. Medical and health services institutions at different levels should be liable for different diseases’ treatment[1].While the quality of primary medical services should be enhanced, patients with common diseases, frequently encountered disease and chronic diseases should be are guided to be willing to choose Primary medical and health service institutions for treatment. Thus, the pressure on the medium and large public hospitals can be eased and patients can receive timely and effective treatment. Current Situation of Promoting the Hierarchical Diagnosis and Treatment System in China Health Resources (1) The Number of Medical and Health Institutions as well as Beds As shown in Table 1 below, the number of primary medical and health institutions is not small, but the proportion of beds is far lower than the hospital. In 2013 and 2014, the proportion of beds in primary health care institutions was only 21.8% and 27.8% [2-6], the number of beds in hospitals still occupy an absolute monopoly. (2) Growth Rate of the Number of Beds in Primary Medical and Health Institutions The relevant data was shown in Figure 1.It shows, in recent years the number of beds in primary medical and health institutions has increased year by year, but the growth rate is not high, So China should give more support to primary medical and health institutions and actively promote the hierarchical diagnosis and treatment system[2-6]. Table 1. Number of Medical and Health Institutions and Number of Beds. Figure 1. Growth rate of the number of beds in primary medical and health institutions. Medical and Health Service (1) Diagnosis and Treatment Person-Time and Hospital Admission Person-Time As shown in Table 2,in 2014, primary medical and health institutions accounted for 57.4% of total clinic visits, while the hospital accounted for 39% [2-6]. And in 2014 the number of people in primary medical and health institutions was about 49.04 million, accounting for only 20% [2-6], which was far less than in the hospital. This shows that the development of China's hierarchical diagnosis and treatment system is not ideal. Table 2. Diagnosis and treatment person-time and hospital admission person-time in medical institutions. diagnosis and treatment person-time(billion) hospital admission person-time(million) Year 201