Phase angle predicts survival in hemodialysis patients
Abstract Objective: To determine the relation between phase angle by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and survival in hemodialysis patients. Design: Cohort analytic study. Setting: One hundred one free-standing outpatient dialysis units. Patients: Three thousand nine adult patients on thrice weekly hemodialysis. Patients with amputations above the transmetatarsal site were excluded from participation. Main Outcome Measure: Vital status, with follow-up to at least 1 year. Results: Mean phase angle was 4.8 &#x0026;#x0026;#x0026;#x0026;#x0026;#x0026;#x0026;#x0026;#x0026;#x00B1; 1.8 degrees. Patients with narrow (low) phase angle experienced an increased relative risk (RR) of death ( Conclusions: In patients on hemodialysis, BIA-derived phase angle