The Latin American Cultural Studies Reader (review)
the two world wars is examined by Holger M. Meding. He chronicles the rise of a dependent service industry, which raised individual living standards but did not create an autonomous industrial base. The development of Chile's saltpeter industry, Stefan Rinke argues, is not the result of a simple foreign-domestic tension. Instead, Rinke emphasizes regional differences. In each region the saltpeter industry creates an ambivalent heritage, part true economic development, but also part of a dependent exchange relationship. Eduardo Saenz emphasizes the importance of understanding the variety of foreign/domestic alliances that existed in the formation of the Colombian state, and how they functioned differently in sectors producing for domestic consumption and export trade.