martellus
221364672
Multispectral Processing Methods to Recover Text from the World Map by Martellus (c. 1491)
The c. 1491 world map by Henricus Martellus Germanus, in the collection of the Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library of Yale University, is a very important visual and historical object, being very similar to the c. 1492 globe by Martin Behaim and evidently having influenced the 1507 world map by Martin Waldseemuller to a significant degree. Martellus' map is painted on paper sheets mounted on canvas and most of the area is covered with text, nearly all of which has faded to the point where it is not readable to the unaided eye. Because of this condition, the map had been little studied, even though it had the promise of yielding significant insight about the geographical knowledge of the time.
Roger L Easton David Rumsey
225979278
Chet Van Duzer, Henricus Martellus's World Map at Yale (c. 1491) Multispectral Imaging, Sources, and Influence
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Patrick Gautier Dalche
133665763
The Legends on the Yale Martellus Map
Using the 2014 multispectral images, I have been able to read many of the legends on the Yale Martellus map, and I present those legends, together with English translations and commentary, in the following pages. My purpose in studying the legends has been twofold: first, to gain a deeper understanding of the map itself, which is one of the most important and influential of the late fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries and yet is almost entirely unstudied, and, second, to explore the nature of the relationship between the Martellus map and Martin Waldseemuller's famous world map of 1507. As mentioned in my introductory remarks above, the general similarity between the Yale Martellus map and Waldseemuller's 1507 map has been noted previously, but the extent to which Waldseemuller might have used the Martellus map as a source for the details of his map had never been investigated.
Chet Van Duzer
186291558
Henricus Martellus and His Works
Henricus Martellus was a German cartographer active in Florence from about 1459 1496. His German descent is clear from his signature on the Yale Martellus map, Opus Henrici Martelli Germani, and also in other of his works. In earlier literature it is stated that "Henricus Martellus" is the Latinized form of "Heinrich Hammer," but there is no documentary evidence to show that the cartographer ever used the latter name. Recently Lorenz Boninger as part of his studies of the fifteenth century German community in Florence has argued that Henricus Martellus Germanus is to be identified as Arrigo di Federico Martello, an employee of the Martelli family of Florence, who were loyal to the Medici and were significant patrons of the arts. However, Luisa Rubini Messerli has disproven this identification with an impressive marshaling of paleographical evidence, and we are left without any knowledge of who Martellus was. The chances are good, though, that Martellus came to Florence from Nuremberg, which was the center of the German Renaissance in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, and his work as a cartographer shows the influence of Donnus Nicolaus Germanus, who produced manuscripts of Ptolemy's Geography in three different recensions, some of which included tabulae modernae or new, non Ptolemaic maps, and who also in 1477 made one terrestrial and one celestial globe for the newly established Vatican Library.
Chet Van Duzer
133854939
The Influence of the Yale Martellus Map
In the preceding pages, I have brought forward previously unnoticed evidence regarding the influence of the Yale Martellus map on Giovanni Contarini's world map of 1506 and have demonstrated the profound influence of the map or one very similar to it on Martin Waldseemuller's world map of 1507. In the past, it has been suggested that the Yale Martellus map heavily influenced Martin Behaim in the creation of his terrestrial globe of 1492, but this claim has not been examined in detail, and I propose to do so now.
Chet Van Duzer
212957901
Henricus Martellus's World Map at Yale (c. 1491) Multispectral Imaging, Sources, and Influence. By Chet Van Duzer
Evelyn Edson
199492958
Henricus Martellus's World Map at Yale (c. 1491) Multispectral Imaging, Sources, and Influence
Chet Van Duzer
134814729
Henricus Martellus's World Map at Yale (C. 1491) Multispectral Imaging, Sources, and Influence
This talk gives an account of a new book about a project funded by the National Endowment for the Humanities to make multispectral images of a world map made by Henricus Martellus in about 1491, which is held by the Beinecke Library at Yale. This large map had long been thought to be one of the most important of the fifteenth century, and was thought to have influenced Martin Waldseemuller's world map of 1507, one of the treasures of the Library of Congress, but the many texts on the map were illegible due to fading and damage, and thus its exact place in Renaissance cartography was impossible to determine. The new multispectral images have rendered most of the previously illegible texts on the map legible. I will explain why the Martellus map was an excellent candidate for multispectral imaging, describe the process of making the images, show the results, and situate the Martellus map in late fifteenthand early sixteenth century cartography. The talk about Martellus's map will be followed by remarks about research opportunities at the Library of Congress in Washington, DC. Researcher in Residence at the John Carter Brown Library and a board member of the Lazarus Project at the University of Rochester, which brings multispectral imaging to cultural institutions around the world. He has published extensively on medieval and Renaissance maps in journals such as Imago Mundi, Terrae Incognitae, Word Image, and Viator. He is the author of (with John Hessler) Seeing the World Anew: The Radical Vision of Martin Waldseemuller's 1507 1516 World Maps. His book Sea Monsters on Medieval and Renaissance Maps was published in 2013 by the British Library, and is now available in editions in German, Russian, and Chinese (both mainland and Taiwan) His book The World for a King: Pierre Desceliers' Map of 1550 was published at the end of 2015 by the British Library, and in 2016 Brill published a book he co authored with Ilya Dines, Apocalyptic Cartography: Thematic Maps and the End of the World in a Fifteenth Century Manuscript. In 2017 he co authored with Lauren Beck a 270 page exhibition catalog titled Canada before Confederation: Maps at the Exhibition, which was published by Vernon Press. His recent NEH Mellon project at the Library of Congress was a study of the annotations in a heavily annotated copy of the 1525 edition of Ptolemy's Geography; he recently completed a David Rumsey Research Fellowship at Stanford and the John Carter Brown Library studying Urbano Monte's manuscript world map of 1587. Auditorio del IIMAS, UNAM Circuito Escolar, Ciudad Universitaria EL DEPARTAMENTO DE CIENCIAS DE LA COMPUTACION DEL INSTITUTO DE INVESTIGACIONES EN MATEMATICAS APLICADAS Y EN SISTEMAS DE LA UNAM, LE INVITA A LA PLATICA:
Chet Van Duzer
130564446
Multispectral Imaging for the Study of Historic Maps: The Example of Henricus Martellus's World Map at Yale
The purpose of this article is to describe some of the benefits that can be brought to the study of early maps by employing multispectral imaging. This recently developed technique is proving invaluable for retrieving text and other features from manuscripts and printed books that have been damaged or obscured by fading, water, fire, over painting, palimpsesting and wrinkling. The terms 'multispectral imaging' and 'hyperspectral imaging' are intended to distinguish between the use of fewer and wider (multispectral) and more numerous and narrow (hyperspectral) spectral bands in collecting data. Unfortunately these terms are not used consistently, and the general term 'spectral imaging' has much to recommend it. The process depends on the simple fact that different pigments react differently to light; this is also true for light beyond the visible spectrum, both ultraviolet and infrared. Images taken at different frequencies of light may reveal parts or aspects of damaged texts, and once the best way to combine the information revealed by several such images (hence 'multispectral' has been determined, the damaged text can often be recovered and made legible.
Chet Van Duzer
11381573
Rediscovering text in the Yale Martellus map
A world map painted by Henricus Martellus c. 1491 is widely acknowledged to be of great importance in the history of cartography, but has been little studied since it came to the attention of scholars in 1959 because the pigments used to write the descriptive texts and place names has faded or flaked off of the surface. Spectral images of this map collected in August 2014 have been processed by several statistical methods, allowing much of the text to be recovered. The methods may be applied to other documents and for forensic applications.
2015 IEEE International Workshop on Information Forensics and Security (WIFS)
Roger L Easton Kevin Sacca Gregory Heyworth Kenneth Boydston Chet Van Duzer M Phelps