interpersonal circumplex
143509354
Construct validity of interpersonal personality measures the interpersonal circumplex as a nomological net
To understand a construct means to set it within an appropriate <nomological net> of lawful relations. For measures of interpersonal constructs, the interpersonal circumplex provides a nomological system of great potential for validating constructs and their measures. Three multidimensional measures of dependency, empathy, and narcissism were subjected to an interpersonal analysis, and construct parameters and similarities were estimated by using formulas derived from the circumplex model. The results offered a distinctly interpersonal perspective on the construct validity of the respective measures
Michael B Gurtman
197658514
Cross situational generality and the interpersonal circumplex.
Four traits of the interpersonal circumplex, dominance, submissiveness, agreeableness, and quarrelsomeness, were measured using experience sampling. Participants monitored their behavior for 20 days. For each social interaction, they recorded behaviors and information about the situation. Two sets of situations, agentic and communal, were defined on the basis of information about the relationship' of the other person with the participant. Results suggested general guidelines for expectations about magnitudes of cross situational generality. For these broad traits of the interpersonal circumplex, there was modest to low generality across agentic situations in which individuals varied in power and status (supervisor and co worker)
D S Moskowitz
27951373
A clinician friendly version of the interpersonal circumplex: structural analysis of social behavior (SASB)
Like the original Interpersonal Circumplex (IPC) the Structural Analysis of Social Behavior (SASB) model was developed in the clinic. Different from and more complicated than the IPC, the SASB model nonetheless is parsimonious. It is consistent with Leary's (1957) original goal of bringing objectivity and clarity to the diagnostic process while acknowledging the complexity and variety of human nature. SASB applications extend from diagnosis into the domains of etiology and treatment. Specific advantages that accrue from the SASB model's more complex structure and assessment techniques include the ability to: (a) define both hostile and friendly differentiation, (b) specifically link social learning experiences with self concept, (c) define several predictive principles on an a priori basis and confirm them in a variety of data sets, (d) assess personality at all 5 of Leary's levels, (e) define normality and pathology in qualitative rather than quantitative terms, (f) compare and contrast self ratings with observer ratings using the same metric, (g) generate reasonable parallel models for affect and cognitive style that can help account for "comorbidity" between Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed. American Psychiatric Association, 1994) Axes I and II, (h) make contributions to understanding personality as a hypothetical construct (i.e. to make testable predictions about etiology and specific treatment interventions) (i) dissect complex communications into their underlying components, and (j) accurately characterize a given relationship through a relatively brief sample of behavior.
Journal of personality assessment
Lorna Smith Benjamin
55425895
Differentiating the Dark Triad Within the Interpersonal Circumplex
goals included identity, whereas concr( the attainment of goods o example may be found i communication theorist. (1979) included a highe labeled "identity makin{ others labeled "instrurn tional" (e.g. Clark Del to say, instrumental and sions map onto the agen motives of the interper respectively. The identit sponds to our identity TIE Experimental work fi social psychology corrc vational power of mean porarily undermining anxiety, which then mo tion of new meaning f (Heine, Proulx, Vohs, individuals who encoun event are motivated to their situation. Consiste psychologists such as meaning making quells iety of everyday life. Application to persoi researchers deal with n the level of identity (see by Singer, 2004) Indes he defined as the creatioi of an abstract integration of information about the 258 HANDBOOK OF INTERPERSONAL PSYCHOLOGY 15 DIFFERENTIATII,
Daniel N Jones Delroy L Paulhus
15272833
Exploring Personality with the Interpersonal Circumplex
The interpersonal circumplex can serve as both companion and guide for those interested in exploring the interpersonal domain of personality. This article offers a relatively nontechnical overview of the model and its various applications in the study of personality. I begin by defining the interpersonal circumplex, its structure and in what sense it is 'interpersonal' As part of that, I will briefly consider how circumplex measures of personality, such as the Interpersonal Adjective Scales, are typically evaluated for fit to the model. I will next describe applications of the model for exploring both the idiographic (person centered) and nomothetic (variable centered) realms of personality. In person centered research, the circumplex leads to useful ways of summarizing the basic interpersonal features of a given individual. In variable centered research, the circumplex can help elucidate the essential interpersonal meaning of personality constructs such as traits, problems, and motives. To explain how the circumplex can help us explore personality idiographically and nomothetically I will draw on a variety of studies, including several recent studies that extend the model in new ways.
Michael B Gurtman
23249971
Integrating measurement of control and affiliation in studies of physician patient interaction: the interpersonal circumplex.
Following a brief overview and commentary on the physician patient communication literature, this article summarizes and evaluates research on the relationship between physician patient control (dominant submissive) and affiliation (friendly hostile) behaviors as they relate to medical outcomes. Findings for both verbal and nonverbal control and affiliation measures are included. The interpersonal circumplex (together with the important interactional principles that it incorporates) is then introduced as an heuristic guide for future medical interaction research. The circumplex was constructed as a conceptual and empirical model to integrate the numerous studies that have established control and affiliation as universal dimensions of human interpersonal behavior and relationships. Next, the small group of studies that have applied circumplex inventories to analyses of practitioner patient transactions are reviewed with emphasis on their strengths and unique aspects of their findings. The concluding section enumerates advantages and innovations that the interpersonal circumplex and its measures can provide to facilitate more heuristic studies of physician patient interactions.
Social science medicine
Donald J Kiesler Stephen M Auerbach
10446819
A Brief Assessment of the Interpersonal Circumplex
Three studies are presented that demonstrate the psychometric properties and initial validation of the International Personality Item Pool Interpersonal Circumplex (IPIP IPC) The IPIP IPC is a brief 32 item assessment of the interpersonal cirucmplex designed to be used when time is limited or when participants have difficulty understanding the adjective items used in more traditional assessments of the interpersonal circumplex. In Study 1, 501 participants were examined to develop the IPIP IPC and demonstrate the circular structure of the IPIP IPC scales and their relation to the five factor model of personality. Study 2 included 274 participants to reconfirm the circular structure of the IPIP IPC scales. Finally, in Study 3, 100 participants again reconfirm the circular structure of the IPIP IPC scales and demonstrate the overlap of the IPIP IPC with a commonly used assessment of the circumplex: the 64 item Interpersonal Adjective Scale. Overall, the results suggest that the IPIP IPC provides a relatively short, quick, and valid assessment of the interpersonal circumplex while maintaining many of the psychometric properties of longer assessment tools.
Assessment
Patrick M Markey Charlotte Markey
40889850
An informal history of the interpersonal circumplex tradition.
Circular representations of human nature can be traced from ancient astrology to Leonardo Da Vinci to the modern interpersonal circumplex (IPC) tradition. which began with Harry Stack Sullivan. The Kaiser Foundation Psychology Research Group operationalized key concepts of Sullivan's and Timothy Leary (1957) provided extensions of Sullivanian theory that formed the conceptual basis for contemporary circumplex models The current generation of circumplex investigators is exceptionally well represented by the contributors to this special series. The IPC can serve as an integrative cognitive framework for making sense of diverse realms that are well outside its original focus of convenience. The visual and psychological appeal of this powerful model is briefly illustrated.
Journal of personality assessment
Jerry S Wiggins
27961638
Unifying the aspects of the Big Five, the interpersonal circumplex, and trait affiliation.
OBJECTIVE Two dimensions of the Big Five, Extraversion and Agreeableness, are strongly related to interpersonal behavior. Factor analysis has indicated that each of the Big Five contains two separable but related aspects. The present study examined the manner in which the aspects of Extraversion (Assertiveness and Enthusiasm) and Agreeableness (Compassion and Politeness) relate to interpersonal behavior and trait affiliation, with the hypothesis that these four aspects have a structure corresponding to the octants of the interpersonal circumplex. A second hypothesis was that measures of trait affiliation would fall between Enthusiasm and Compassion in the IPC. METHOD These hypotheses were tested in three demographically different samples (N 469; 294; 409) using both behavioral frequency and trait measures of the interpersonal circumplex, in conjunction with the Big Five Aspect Scales (BFAS) and measures of trait affiliation. RESULTS Both hypotheses were strongly supported. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide a more thorough and precise mapping of the interpersonal traits within the Big Five and support the integration of the Big Five with models of interpersonal behavior and trait affiliation.
Journal of personality
Colin G DeYoung Yanna J Weisberg Lena C Quilty Jordan B Peterson
143642918
Attachment, group attraction and self other agreement in interpersonal circumplex problems and perceptions of group members.
Graduate students (N 76) fulfilling a class requirement for interpersonal group participation completed measures of interpersonal problems and adult attachment at pretest. At the midpoint and at termination they completed measures of interpersonal problems and group attraction and provided interpersonal circumplex ratings of each fellow group member. As predicted, selected attachment insecurities were significantly correlated with interpersonal problems and group attraction. Attachment anxiety and avoidance, also as hypothesized, were associated with discrepancies in self other perceptions. Whereas members with attachment avoidance tended to overestimate hostile and hostile submissive problems, members with attachment anxiety were likely to overestimate interpersonal problems in the "friendly" half of the circumplex. Implications for the conceptualization of attachment based distortions and interpersonal learning in group therapy are discussed.
Eric C Chen Brent Mallinckrodt