Schorb
21529468
Nanoplasma dynamics of single large xenon clusters irradiated with superintense x ray pulses from the linac coherent light source free electron laser.
The plasma dynamics of single mesoscopic Xe particles irradiated with intense femtosecond x ray pulses exceeding 10(16) W/cm2 from the Linac Coherent Light Source free electron laser are investigated. Simultaneous recording of diffraction patterns and ion spectra allows eliminating the influence of the laser focal volume intensity and particle size distribution. The data show that for clusters illuminated with intense x ray pulses, highly charged ionization fragments in a narrow distribution are created and that the nanoplasma recombination is efficiently suppressed.
Physical review letters
Tais Gorkhover Marcus Adolph Daniela Rupp Sebastian Schorb Sascha W Epp Benjamin Erk Lutz Foucar Robert Hartmann Nils Kimmel K U Kuhnel Daniel Rolles B Rudek Artem Rudenko Robert Andritschke Andrew Aquila John D Bozek Nicola Coppola Tapio J Erke Frank Filsinger Hubert Gorke Heinz Graafsma Lars Gumprecht Gunter Hauser Sven C Herrmann Helmut Hirsemann Andre Hoemke Peter Holl Christian R Kaiser Faton Krasniqi J-P Meyer Michael Matysek Marc Messerschmidt Danilo Miessner Bjorn Nilsson Daniel Pietschner Guillaume Potdevin Christian Reich Gerhard Schaller Carlo Schmidt Florian Schopper Claus Dieter Schroter Joachim Schulz Heike Soltau Georg Weidenspointner Ilme Schlichting Lothar Struder Joachim Ullrich Thomas Moller Christoph Bostedt
120795011
Ultra efficient ionization of heavy atoms by intense X ray free electron laser pulses
Researchers create high ionization states, up to Xe36+ using 1.5 keV free electron laser pulses. The higher than expected ionization may be due to transient resonance enhanced absorption and the effect may play an important role in interactions of intense X rays with high Z elements and radiation damage.
B Rudek Sang-Kil Son Lutz Foucar Sascha W Epp Benjamin Erk Robert Hartmann Marcus Adolph Robert Andritschke Andrew Aquila Nora Berrah Christoph Bostedt John D Bozek Nicola Coppola Frank Filsinger Hubert Gorke Tais Gorkhover Heinz Graafsma Lars Gumprecht Andreas Hartmann Gunter Hauser Sven C Herrmann Helmut Hirsemann Peter Holl Andre Hoemke Loic Journel Christian R Kaiser Nils Kimmel Faton Krasniqi K Kuhnel Michael Matysek Marc Messerschmidt Danilo Miessner Thomas Moller Robert Moshammer Kiyonobu Nagaya Bjorn Nilsson Guillaume Potdevin Daniel Pietschner Christian Reich Daniela Rupp Gerhard Schaller Ilme Schlichting Carlo Schmidt Florian Schopper Sebastian Schorb Claus Dieter Schroter Joachim Schulz Marc Simon Heike Soltau Lothar Struder Kiyoshi Ueda Georg Weidenspointner Robin Santra Joachim Ullrich Artem Rudenko Daniel Rolles
35365520
X ray optical cross correlator for gas phase experiments at the Linac Coherent Light Source free electron laser
X ray optical pump probe experiments at the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) have so far been limited to a time resolution of 280 fs fwhm due to timing jitter between the accelerator based free electron laser (FEL) and optical lasers. We have implemented a single shot cross correlator for femtosecond x ray and infrared pulses. A reference experiment relying only on the pulse arrival time information from the cross correlator shows a time resolution better than 50 fs fwhm (22 fs rms) and also yields a direct measurement of the maximal x ray pulse length. The improved time resolution enables ultrafast pump probe experiments with x ray pulses from LCLS and other FEL sources.
Sebastian Schorb Tais Gorkhover James P Cryan James M Glownia Mina R Bionta Ryan N Coffee Benjamin Erk Rebecca Boll Carlo Schmidt Daniel Rolles Artem Rudenko Arnaud Rouzee Michele Swiggers Sebastian Carron Jean Charles Castagna John D Bozek Marc Messerschmidt W F Schlotter Christoph Bostedt
12715707
Size dependent ultrafast ionization dynamics of nanoscale samples in intense femtosecond x ray free electron laser pulses.
All matter exposed to intense femtosecond x ray pulses from the Linac Coherent Light Source free electron laser is strongly ionized on time scales competing with the inner shell vacancy lifetimes. We show that for nanoscale objects the environment, i.e. nanoparticle size, is an important parameter for the time dependent ionization dynamics. The Auger lifetimes of large Ar clusters are found to be increased compared to small clusters and isolated atoms, due to delocalization of the valence electrons in the x ray induced nanoplasma. As a consequence, large nanometer sized samples absorb intense femtosecond x ray pulses less efficiently than small ones.
Physical review letters
Sebastian Schorb Daniela Rupp Michelle Swiggers Ryan N Coffee Marc Messerschmidt Garth J Williams John D Bozek Shin-ichi Wada Oleg Kornilov Thomas Moller Christoph Bostedt
27199847
Ultrafast transitions from solid to liquid and plasma states of graphite induced by x ray free electron laser pulses.
We used photon pulses from an x ray free electron laser to study ultrafast x ray induced transitions of graphite from solid to liquid and plasma states. This was accomplished by isochoric heating of graphite samples and simultaneous probing via Bragg and diffuse scattering at high time resolution. We observe that disintegration of the crystal lattice and ion heating of up to 5 eV occur within tens of femtoseconds. The threshold fluence for Bragg peak degradation is smaller and the ion heating rate is faster than current x ray matter interaction models predict.
Physical review letters
Stefan Hau-Riege Alexander Graf Tilo Doppner Richard A London Jacek Krzywinski Carsten Fortmann Siegfried H Glenzer Matthias Frank Klaus Sokolowski-Tinten Marc Messerschmidt Christoph Bostedt Sebastian Schorb J A Bradley Alberto A Lutman Daniel Rolles Artem Rudenko B Rudek
6330553
Explosions of xenon clusters in ultraintense femtosecond x ray pulses from the LCLS free electron laser.
Explosions of large Xe clusters 11,000) irradiated by femtosecond pulses of 850 eV x ray photons focused to an intensity of up to 10(17) W/cm(2) from the Linac Coherent Light Source were investigated experimentally. Measurements of ion charge state distributions and energy spectra exhibit strong evidence for the formation of a Xe nanoplasma in the intense x ray pulse. This x ray produced Xe nanoplasma is accompanied by a three body recombination and hydrodynamic expansion. These experimental results appear to be consistent with a model in which a spherically exploding nanoplasma is formed inside the Xe cluster and where the plasma temperature is determined by photoionization heating.
Physical review letters
H Thomas A Helal K R Hoffmann Nirmala Kandadai John W Keto Jakob Andreasson Bianca Iwan M Marvin Seibert Nicusor Timneanu Janos Hajdu Marcus Adolph Tais Gorkhover Daniela Rupp Sebastian Schorb Thomas Moller Gilles Doumy Louis F DiMauro Matthias Hoener B Murphy Nora Berrah Marc Messerschmidt John D Bozek Christoph Bostedt T Ditmire
12387083
Transient X ray fragmentation: probing a prototypical photoinduced ring opening.
We report the first study of UV induced photoisomerization probed via core ionization by an x ray laser. We investigated x ray ionization and fragmentation of the cyclohexadiene hexatriene system at 850 eV during the ring opening. We find that the ion fragmentation patterns evolve over a picosecond, reflecting a change in the state of excitation and the molecular geometry: the average kinetic energy per ion fragment and H( ion count increase as the ring opens and the molecule elongates. We discuss new opportunities for molecular photophysics created by optical pump x ray probe experiments.
Physical review letters
Vladimir S Petrovic Marco Siano James L White Nora Berrah Christoph Bostedt John D Bozek Douglas Broege Max Chalfin Ryan N Coffee James P Cryan Li Guang Fang J Paul Farrell Leszek J Frasinski James M Glownia Markus Guhr Matthias Hoener David M P Holland Jaehee Kim Jonathan P Marangos Todd J Martinez Brian K McFarland Russell S Minns Shungo Miyabe Sebastian Schorb Roseanne J Sension Limor S Spector Richard James Squibb Hongli Tao Jonathan G Underwood Philip H Bucksbaum
17795080
Angle resolved electron spectroscopy of laser assisted Auger decay induced by a few femtosecond x ray pulse.
Two color (x ray+infrared) electron spectroscopy is used for investigating laser assisted KLL Auger decay following 1s photoionization of atomic Ne with few femtosecond x ray pulses from the Linac Coherent Light Source. In an angle resolved experiment, the overall width of the laser modified Auger electron spectrum and its structure change significantly as a function of the emission angle. The spectra are characterized by a strong intensity variation of the sidebands revealing a gross structure. This variation is caused, as predicted by theory, by the interference of electrons emitted at different times within the duration of one optical cycle of the infrared dressing laser, which almost coincides with the lifetime of the Ne 1s vacancy.
Physical review letters
M Meyer Paul Radcliffe Th Tschentscher John T Costello Adrian L Cavalieri Ivanka Grguras Andreas R Maier Reinhard Kienberger John D Bozek Christoph Bostedt Sebastian Schorb Ryan N Coffee Marc Messerschmidt Chris A Roedig Emily Sistrunk L Di Mauro Gilles Doumy Kiyoshi Ueda Shin-ichi Wada Stefan Dusterer Andrey K Kazansky N M Kabachnik
121031981
Identification of twinned gas phase clusters by single shot scattering with intense soft x ray pulses
Scattering experiments on xenon nanoclusters with high intensity soft x ray laser pulses from the Free Electron LASer in Hamburg (FLASH) are performed to investigate different cluster morphologies in the gas phase. Three different types of scattering patterns can be identified. The most frequent pattern of concentric rings reflects the event of a single spherical cluster in focus. Fine interference rings similar to Newton rings appear when two clusters are illuminated at mm distance, revealing three dimensional information about the location of the clusters. Between 10 and 30% of all hits show a previously unknown twin cluster configuration with two clusters in direct contact. Simulations of scattering patterns for twin clusters with different sizes of the two particles, degree of fusion and orientation in space allow us to explain all the observed patterns.
Daniela Rupp Marcus Adolph Tais Gorkhover Sebastian Schorb David Wolter Robert Hartmann Nils Kimmel Christian Reich Torsten Feigl Antonio Rubens Britto de Castro Rolf Treusch Lothar Struder Thomas Moller Christoph Bostedt
53639977
Amorphous to crystalline phase transition in carbon induced by intense femtosecond x ray free electron laser pulses
We present the results of an experiment where amorphous carbon undergoes a phase transition induced by femtosecond 830 eV x ray free electron laser pulses. The phase transition threshold fluence is found to be 282 11 mJ/cm(2) Atomic force microscopy, photoelectron microscopy, and micro Raman spectroscopy give experimental evidence for the phase transition in terms of a volume expansion, graphitization, and change of local order of the irradiated sample area. The interaction is modeled by an accurate time dependent treatment of the ionization dynamics coupled to a two temperature model. At the phase transition fluence threshold the free electron density N e is found to be at maximum 9 x 10(20) cm( 3) while the ion (atom) temperature is found to be 1050 K, e.g. above the crystallization activation temperature reported in the literature. This low ionization rate and high atom temperature suggest a thermally activated phase transition.
Jerome Gaudin Olivier Peyrusse Jaromir Chalupsky Martina Toufarova Ludek Vysin V Hajkova R Sobierajski Tomas Burian Sh Dastjani-Farahani Alexander Graf Matteo Amati L Gregoratti Stefan Hau-Riege Germar Hoffmann Libor Juha Jacek Krzywinski Richard A London Stefan Moeller Harald Sinn Sebastian Schorb Michael Stormer Th Tschentscher Vladimir Vorlicek Hai Vu John D Bozek Christoph Bostedt