distance for headlamp car
111313291
Study on direction detection of automobile headlamp beam
The beam direction is one of the important items of headlamp detection, but lots of internal detection machines can not give it an accurate detection. This article analyses the factors which affect the detection result, then gives a new accurate solution. It uses an automobile position fixing system and data correction algorithm. Firstly, the beam direction angle and the automobile's laying deviation angle can be got by using computer vision technique and image processing technique. Secondly, the beam direction angle can be corrected according to the automobile's laying deviation angle. This new method can efficiently find accurate optical axis direction of low beam and high beam. So it tells people whether the automobile works in good condition. It solves the detection problems of improper parking distance and improper laying position, decreases detection error and increases precision. What's more, it solves the internal actuality of inaccurate detection.
International Symposium on Advanced Optical Manufacturing and Testing Technologies (AOMATT)
Yin Yun Shu Guang Dai P Mu Lin Wang
222108296
International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE)
Driving a vehicle or a car has become tedious job nowadays due to heavy traffic so focus on driving is utmost important. This makes a scope for automation in Automobiles in minimizing human intervention in controlling the dashboard functions such as Headlamps, Indicators, Power window, Wiper System, and to make it possible this is a small effort from this paper to make driving distraction free using Voice controlled dashboard. and system proposed in this paper works on speech commands from the user (Driver or Passenger) As Speech Recognition system acts Human machine Interface (HMI) in this system hence this system makes use of Speaker recognition and Speech recognition for recognizing the command and recognize whether the command is coming from authenticated user(Driver or Passenger) System performs Feature Extraction and extracts speech features such Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients(MFCC),Power Spectral Density(PSD),Pitch, Spectrogram. Then further for Feature matching system uses Vector Quantization Linde Buzo Gray(VQLBG) algorithm. This algorithm makes use of Euclidean distance for calculating the distance between test feature and codebook feature. Then based on speech command recognized controller (Raspberry Pi 3b) activates the device driver for motor, Solenoid valve depending on function. This system is mainly aimed to work in low noise environment as most speech recognition systems suffer when noise is introduced. When it comes to speech recognition acoustics of the room matters a lot as recognition rate differs depending on acoustics. when several testing and simulation trials were taken for testing, system has speech recognition rate of 76.13% This system encourages Automation of vehicle dashboard and hence making driving Distraction Free.
S K Kharade Rajanish K Kamat K G Kharade Rajanish S Kamath Santosh A Shinde
141242402
One kind of led car headlights
The present invention discloses an LED vehicle headlamps, comprising a lamp housing, a first and a second convex lens; on the lamp housing is provided with a focus ring, the focus ring is fixed to a first lens, a second lens fixed on a bracket mounted on the bottom strut by the lamp housing is fixed to the circuit board, the circuit board on the front side on the bottom of the lamp housing welding visor and two LED unit body, the back surface of the thermally conductive copper block welded, copper block between the tail lamp housing forming a sealed chamber connected to the sealed chamber heat sink, the light shielding plate is positioned between the two sets of the LED unit body. The present invention is composed of the two lens combination of direct converging beam, with a horizontal light shielding plate disposed through a first convex lens and the second imaging lens, not only the good light converging also obtained a good light type fold line, so that the light efficiency is more improved, and also achieve a combination of distance light. And since the heat conductive copper block structure, thus reducing the thermal resistance of the LED chip and improve the light efficiency.
229153183
Hii regions and high mass starless clump candidates. II. Fragmentation and induced star formation at ~0:025 pc scale: An ALMA continuum study
The ionization feedback from HII regions modifies the properties of high mass starless clumps (HMSCs, of several hundred to a few thousand solar masses with a size of ~0.1 1 pc) such as temperature and turbulence, on the clump scale. The question of whether the presence of HII regions modifies the core scale fragmentation and star formation in HMSCs remains to be explored. We aim to investigate the difference of 0.025 pc scale fragmentation between candidate HMSCs that are strongly impacted by HII regions and less disturbed ones. We also search for evidence of mass shaping and induced star formation in the impacted HMSCs. Using the ALMA 1.3 mm continuum with a resolution of ~1.3" we imaged eight candidate HMSCs, including four impacted by HII regions and another four situated in the quiet environment. The less impacted HMSCs are selected on the basis of their similar mass and distance compared to the impacted ones to avoid any possible bias linked to these parameters. A total of 51 cores were detected in eight clumps, with three to nine cores for each clump. Within our limited sample, we did not find a clear difference in the ~0.025 pc scale fragmentation between impacted and non impacted HMSCs, even though HII regions seem to affect the spatial distribution of the fragmented cores. Both types of HMSCs present a thermal fragmentation with two level hierarchical features at the clump thermal Jeans length \lambda_{J, clump}{th} and 0.3$\lambda_{J, clump}{th} The ALMA emission morphology of the impacted HMSCs AGAL010.214 00.306 and AGAL018.931 00.029 sheds light on the capacities of HII regions to shape gas and dust in their surroundings and possibly to trigger star formation at ~0.025 pc scale in HMSCs. Future ALMA surveys covering a large number of impacted HMSCs with high turbulence are needed to confirm the trend of fragmentation indicated in this study.
S Zhang Annie Zavagno Ana L'opez-Sepulcre Huaqiao Liu Fabien Louvet Miguel Figueira Delphine Russeil Yanbo Wu J H Yuan Tsinghua Univ Institut Universitaire de France Univ Grenoble Alpes Institut de Plan'etologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble Institute de Radio Astronomie Millim'etrique Department of Physics Astronomy Yunnan University China-Chile Joint Center for Astronomy Departamento de Astronom'ia Universidad de Concepci'on Departmento de Astronomia de Chile Universidad Catolica de Chile National Center for Atmospheric Research Peking University National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Inst for Nucl Research Boston University Max--Planck--Institut fur Radioastronomie
69455530
Multifunctional manual/automatic complementary type headlamp dimmer
The invention discloses a manual and automatic complementary vehicle headlamp dimmer which performs integrated control according to environment visual range, close light distance, parking visual range, braking, overtaking and a plurality of other information. The invention mainly consists of a microprocessor and peripheral elements, as well as the circuits such as driving control and power load, control and power source, former vehicle information derivation, broken wire failure diagnosis, controlling component and condition indication, etc. The invention has two light changing modes of a manual automatic mode and a full manual mode, wherein the full manual mode has the same function as the prior manual dimmer; the manual automatic mode not only accords with the light changing rules during deceleration in actual automobile meeting, turning and bad road conditions, etc. and during acceleration in actual overtaking, straight traveling or good road conditions, etc. but also automatically protects the automobile meeting safety under manual far light in low speed traveling and the overtaking safety under manual close light in high speed car following traveling. The manual and automatic complementary vehicle headlamp dimmer also has additional functions such as optical control light turning on/off, flameout delay light turning off, emergency braking far light, steering auxiliary lighting, failure diagnosis processing, self reset combined switch, and so on.
229364496
Digital practical course of otorhinolaryngology and examination technique "to go"
Objective: The development of presentation free teaching formats for practical exercises is a particular challenge. The objective of the presented project was the implementation of the practical course in otorhinolaryngology for learning examination techniques through digital distance learning. Methods: Disposable instruments for a comprehensive otorhinolaryngologic examination were purchased and made available to the students. The necessary light sources were everyday sports headlamps or flashlight constructions. The theoretical basics were taught using the learning platform CaseTrain, including photographic, audio and video material. Corresponding success controls in the sense of a digital short test were integrated here. In addition, video tutorials were used to present the examinations to be imitated in detail. In order to increase motivation, a creative photo competition was also announced, in which the practical tasks that were finally carried out independently were checked. Results: All students of the semester received a set of instruments for independent practical training. The entrance exam was passed by all students, and at least one photo was received from all students, many of which were particularly creative in the competition. Conclusion: The presented concept is a possibility to convert practical teaching formats into a digital presence free concept. It included the teaching and testing of basic knowledge, instructions for practical exercises, the independent performance of subject specific examination techniques and an increase in motivation and simultaneous control through gamification. We consider this teaching principle to be an attractive option for future "Flipped Classroom" concepts with a gradual resumption of face to face teaching.
GMS journal for medical education
Stefan Kaulitz Jonas Engert Carolin Roos Maike Filsinger Sarah Konig Stephan Hackenberg
219558278
Elemental Abundances in M31: Iron and Alpha Element Abundances in M31's Outer Halo
We present [Fe/H] and \alpha$/Fe] abundances, derived using spectral synthesis techniques, for stars in M31's outer stellar halo. The 21 [Fe/H] measurements and 7 \alpha$/Fe] measurements are drawn from fields ranging from 43 to 165 kpc in projected distance from M31. We combine our measurements with existing literature measurements, and compare the resulting sample of 23 stars with [Fe/H] and 9 stars with \alpha$/Fe] measurements in M31's outer halo with \alpha$/Fe] and [Fe/H] measurements, also derived from spectral synthesis, in M31's inner stellar halo $r $26 kpc) and dSph galaxies. The stars in M31's outer halo have \alpha$/Fe] patterns that are consistent with the largest of M31's dSph satellites (And I and And VII) These abundances provide tentative evidence that the \alpha$/Fe] abundances of stars in M31's outer halo are more similar to the abundances of Milky Way halo stars than to the abundances of stars in M31's inner halo. We also compare the spectral synthesis based [Fe/H] measurements of stars in M31's halo with previous photometric [Fe/H] estimates, as a function of projected distance from M31. The spectral synthesis based [Fe/H] measurements are consistent with a large scale metallicity gradient previously observed in M31's stellar halo to projected distances as large as 100 kpc.
Karoline M Gilbert Jennifer Leigh Wojno Evan N Kirby Ivanna Escala Rachael L Beaton Puragra Guhathakurta Steven R Majewski
4133671
Visibility Distance of Pedestrians
TESTS were carried out last year by the Massachusetts Highway Accident Survey with the object of finding out by actual experiment the distance at which the driver of a motor vehicle can see a pedestrian who is walking along the side of a highway at night. The tests are analysed and discussed in a paper by P. Moon and R. C. Warring (J. Franklin Inst. March) The principal conclusions arrived at are that the visibility of a pedestrian walking along a highway at night is increased by roughly 50 per cent by showing a small area of white such as a handkerchief. Three reflector buttons, such as those employed in reflecting type highway signs, worn with dark clothing increase the visibility distance by 100 per cent. the same as that produced by a large area of white. It was found that the maximum safe speed at night was approximately 30 m.p.h. but if there was no glare from passing cars it was 40 m.p.h. These speeds are the optimum values. The time lag of the driver seems to vary between 0 5 sec. and 1 sec. even when the surprise element is lacking. On unlighted roads the type of the pavement and the speed of the car have little effect on the visibility distance. The tests show that it is advisable not to have the candle power of the headlamps less than 32. Experience shows that depressing the headlamp beams so as to diminish glare reduces the visibility distance. Another important conclusion is that highway lighting does not increase visibility distance unless the average luminosity of the pavement is above the chromatic threshold, which is generally taken to be of the order 0.05 lumen per square foot.
Nature
27890475
Hybrid approach combining chemometrics and likelihood ratio framework for reporting the evidential value of spectra.
Many chemometric tools are invaluable and have proven effective in data mining and substantial dimensionality reduction of highly multivariate data. This becomes vital for interpreting various physicochemical data due to rapid development of advanced analytical techniques, delivering much information in a single measurement run. This concerns especially spectra, which are frequently used as the subject of comparative analysis in e.g. forensic sciences. In the presented study the microtraces collected from the scenarios of hit and run accidents were analysed. Plastic containers and automotive plastics (e.g. bumpers, headlamp lenses) were subjected to Fourier transform infrared spectrometry and car paints were analysed using Raman spectroscopy. In the forensic context analytical results must be interpreted and reported according to the standards of the interpretation schemes acknowledged in forensic sciences using the likelihood ratio approach. However, for proper construction of LR models for highly multivariate data, such as spectra, chemometric tools must be employed for substantial data compression. Conversion from classical feature representation to distance representation was proposed for revealing hidden data peculiarities and linear discriminant analysis was further applied for minimising the within sample variability while maximising the between sample variability. Both techniques enabled substantial reduction of data dimensionality. Univariate and multivariate likelihood ratio models were proposed for such data. It was shown that the combination of chemometric tools and the likelihood ratio approach is capable of solving the comparison problem of highly multivariate and correlated data after proper extraction of the most relevant features and variance information hidden in the data structure.
Analytica chimica acta
Agnieszka Martyna Grzegorz Zadora Tereza Neocleous Aleksandra Michalska Nema Dean
106456482
CAR HEADLIGHTS AND TRAFFIC SAFETY
The author discusses earlier and on going research by the traffic safety research group of the department of psychology at the university of uppsala. Sight distances and visibility of vehicles or other objects related to the use of halogen lights, headlamp cleaning, ordinary and polarized headlights, dipped headlights, and running lights are, basically, the topics of this article. /TRRL/
Kare Rumar