hongo filamentoso
195415077
Identificacion del homologo a Cornichon/Erv14 y su papel en la regulacion del crecimiento del hongo filamentoso Neurospora crassa
Luis Enrique Isaza Velasquez
210123944
Effect of culture media and silver nitrate concentration on nanoparticle biosynthesis by a filamentous fungus Efecto del medio de cultivo y concentracion de nitrato de plata sobre la biosintesis de nanoparticulas por un hongo filamentoso
Recently the demand in the development of eco friendly nanoparticles as alternative to chemical and physical methods has been increasing so the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of silver nitrate concentration and extracellular filtrate (EF) produced by a filamentous fungus isolated from a spent catalyst and coded e identified as Penicillium purpurogenum CATMC AH 1 on Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) production. The filamentous fungus was growth in two culture media named Sucrose and Czapeck media to produce biomass and its was put in contact with water to get two different extracellular filtrates called EFS (extracellular filtrate sucrose) and EFC (extracellular filtrate Czapeck) the EF has the molecules involved to synthesis and stabilization of AgNPs. Three concentrations of AgNO3 1, 1.5 and 2 mM and both extracellular filtrates were used to produce AgNPs. The AgNPs produced were monitored by UV visible absorption spectra from 200 to 800 nm while their morphology and size were identified by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and software analysis SPIP 2.6.0. Results showed that both extracellular filtrates had the ability to produce AgNPs with the three concentrations of AgNO3 used. TEM analysis showed AgNPs with spherical morphology in all systems. The AgNPs synthesized in EFS with the three AgNO3 concentrations showed average sizes of 8.9, 8.4 and 6.7 nm respectively. From EFC, the average sizes of AgNPs were of 14.9, 11.5 Mexican Journal of Biotechnology 2018, 3(3):1 14 Journal homepage:www.mexjbiotechnol.com ISSN:2448 6590 Journal homepage:www.mexjbiotechnol.com ISSN:2448 6590 ORIGINAL RESEARCH
G Alamilla-Martinez Norma G Rojas-Avelizapa Ivan Dominguez-Lopez D O Barceinas-Sanchez Marlenne Gomez-Ramirez
92031133
Dinamica intracelular de los reguladores del desarrollo asexual en el hongo filamentoso aspergillus nidulans
En este trabajo se ha analizado principalmente la dinamica celular de reguladores que participan en la transduccion de senales y el control del desarrollo asexual en el hongo filamentoso modelo Aspergillus nidulans. Uno de dichos reguladores es el factor transcripcional (FT) FlbB, el cual se localiza principalmente en la punta de las hifas vegetativas (region de crecimiento de las celulas colonizadoras) y en el nucleo apical (las hifas de este hongo son multinucleadas) El transporte de FlbB a la punta de las hifas se divide en dos pasos; un primer movimiento hasta la region subapical y despues desde el subapice hasta el apice. En este ultimo paso participan los cables de actina y, probablemente, la miosina V, MyoE. El dominio de dimerizacion de FlbB es necesario y suficiente para interaccionar con un segundo regulador de la ruta, FlbE. Esta proteina es imprescindible para el transporte a la punta de FlbB, al menos a traves de los dominios E1, E3 y E4. Tras alcanzar la punta, FlbB inicia la migracion hacia los nucleos, en los que, junto a un tercer regulador, controla la expresion genica de brlA y la formacion de esporas asexuales.
Elixabet Perez de Nanclares Arregui
89670520
SELECCION DE UN HONGO FILAMENTOSO ALTAMENTE PRODUCTOR DE AMILASAS PARA SER USADAS EN DETERGENTES BIODEGRADABLES
Las amilasas (a amilasa, EC 3.2.1.1 y glucoamilasa, EC 3.2.1.3) son enzimas extracelulares que hidrolizan el almidon en dextrinas hasta glucosa y tienen gran aplicacion industrial, especialmente alimentaria; detergentes y en la produccion de alcohol a partir de granos. El objetivo del trabajo es seleccionar un hongo filamentoso que presente alta produccion de amilasas que presenten caracteristicas atractivas para ser empleadas en biodetergentes. Se estudiaron los siguientes hongos: Penicillium expansum; P. digitatum; P. islandicum; Aspergillus clavatus; A. niger; A. ochraceus; A. fumigatus; A. flavus; A. oryzae; A. nidulans y Geotrichum candidum; Los ensayos se realizaron en medio de hidrolizado de papa de descarte (variedad Spunta) suplementado con las siguientes sales: KH 2 PO 4 1,0; NaNO 3 3,0; MgSO 4 .7H 2 O 0,5, a pH 4,0; se inoculo con 2 x10 6 conidios/mL y se incubaron a 25oC en un agitador rotatorio a una velocidad de agitacion de 250 rpm. Con los extractos enzimaticos parcialmente purificados con (NH 4 2 SO 4 al 60% de saturacion, se estudio el efecto del pH (2,5; 3,5; 4,0; 4,5; 5,0; 5,5; 6,0, 7,0 y 8,0) y la temperatura (20; 25; 30; 35 y 40oC) Los resultados mostraron que la maxima produccion de enzima (128 U/L) se obtuvo con Aspergillus niger en las condiciones ensayadas, a las 48 h de incubacion, con alto rendimiento de producto respecto a la biomasa (Y p/x 18,3 U/g) y productividad volumetrica (Pdv=2,7 U/L) El analisis cualitativo de las enzimas del complejo amilolitico de A. niger mostro que las amilasas implicadas son a amilasa y glucoamilasa y se caracterizaron por hidrolizar en 3 min. manchas mixtas de almidon y grasas de muestras textiles en un rango de pH 4,0 a 8,0 y de 20 a 40 oC.
C MartinVargas M BeatrizPiro M CristinaRubio
92292754
El papel de la ornitina descarboxilasa en el desarrollo del hongo filamentoso Neurospora crassa
approved by: _____________________________ Ph.D. Ernestina Castro Longoria Thesis Director Polyamines are a group of nitrogen compounds, which are product of the metabolism in all existing species, the main polyamines are: putrescine, spermidine and spermine. Their polycationic nature allows them to interact with proteins and nucleic acids, playing a critical role in biological processes associated with growth, development and cell proliferation. In the filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa, the only synthesis pathway described is through the ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) which produces putrescine from ornithine. Although ODC and the production of polyamines in N. crassa have been studied in recent decades, little is known about their involvement in processes that maintain its distinctive polarized growth. Therefore, the objective of this work is to analyze the role of this enzyme in the development of the fungus N. crassa and to determine the effects caused by the deficiency of ODC in cellular morphogenesis. For this, the null mutant Dodc was generated, revealing that the gen deletion produces lethality. Therefore, the phenotypic characterization was performed using the heterokaryon strain. It was found an affected phenotype; with an irregular polarized growth, slower hyphal growth, poor production of conidia, low biomass, and hyperbranched hyphae. The addition of exogenous putrescine restored normal colonial phenotype, this was indicative of a polyamine deficiency strain. On the other hand, the Rho GTPases CDC 42 and RAC play a key role in the maintenance of cell polarity of N. crassa, as they are responsible for the organization of the actin cytoskeleton. To investigate if the deficiency in polyamines has any effect on the dynamics and function of the GTPases and F actin, the DFMO (an irreversible specific inhibitor of ODC) was used in CDC 42, RAC and actin GFP labeled strains. It was found that ODC inhibition, provoke alterations in the dynamics of both Rho GTPases and F actin, showing affected polarized growth. Although it is necessary to determine the possible relationship between the polyamines and the Rho GTPases, the results show that a deficiency in polyamines modify the organization and dynamics of these components, which are important to maintain polarized growth in N. crassa.
Marco Antonio Figueroa Venavides
102494187
REMEDIACION DE RESIDUOS SOLIDOS CONTAMINADOS CON Cr(VI) POR UN HONGO FILAMENTOSO
La biotecnologia ambiental recurre a organismos capaces de reducir los niveles de metales pesados, entre ellos el Cr(VI) contenido en residuos y efluentes agroindustriales. El objetivo del trabajo fue estudiar la biorremediacion de un residuo como pulpa de limon contaminada con Cr(VI) y el efecto del metal sobre el crecimiento fungico. Se utilizaron tres hongos filamentosos como Aspergillus niger; Penicillium expansum y P. islandicum para remediar pulpa de limon (residuo) contaminada con Cr(VI) (50 mg/L) que se realizo en las siguientes condiciones de cultivo: la pulpa se suplemento con urea, 0,006; (NH4) 2SO4 0,012; KH2PO4 ,0,003 y KCl, 0,001 g/ g; 105 conidios/ g, a pH 2,5, 30degC y 96 h de incubacion. Se estudio el efecto toxico de diferentes concentraciones (5; 10; 20 y 50 mg/L) del metal sobre el desarrollo del hongo de mayor eficiencia de remediacion (Ef. Aspergillus niger; obtuvo mayor EF. de remediacion (97% respecto a Penicillium expansum (95% y P. islandicum (94% del residuo contaminado con 50 mg/L de Cr(VI) Se determino que la presencia de Cr(VI) y no su concentracion estimulo la maduracion temprana (48 h) de los conidios (blancos a negros) de A. niger, sin que se observe alteraciones en el micelio con respecto al control (72h) desarrollado en la pulpa sin el metal. En conclusion, A. niger fue mas resistente y presento altas Ef. de remediacion de Cr(VI) de residuos solidos, este proceso es una alternativa a las tecnologias fisico quimicas, debido que los microorganismos pueden remover selectivamente diferentes iones de zonas contaminadas.
A AntonelaMarquez Ignacio Busnelli D GladysDuca M CristinaRubio
100838143
Enriquecimiento proteico de residuales agroindustriales mediante fermentacion solida con el hongo filamentoso Aspergillus niger
The solid state fermentation by means of the filamentous fungi, for the proteic enrichment of agroindustrial wastes, such as the sugar cane bagasse and those ones of the citric and coffee processing, it has been pointed out by several authors. In this work it was studied the process of solid fermentation of the wastes from the process of obtaining of castor oil, employing the filamentous fungus Aspergillus niger. The obtained increase in the nitrogen and gross protein contents suggested like the better alternatives those ones where the husk is used as substrate, under the two evaluated conditions of humidity. A decrease in the fat and gross fiber contents was observed in all cases too. As a result of the fermentative process, it was obtained in all variants a substrate which characteristics allow it to be used as organic fertilizer and food animal. Keywords: solid state fermentation, Aspergillus niger, filamentous fungus, proteic enrichment, castor oil.
Biguin Aguilar-Navarro Miladis I Camacho-Pozo Manuel Serrat-Diaz
91836094
Caracterizacion de la miosina de clase V del hongo filamentoso Neurospora crassa
A Villar
198275783
El papel de la proteina RGD 1 en el crecimiento polarizado del hongo filamentoso Neurospora crassa
Marisol Gonzalez Amarillas
90074900
Extraccion in situ de ADN genomico para el analisis por PCR de regiones de interes en cuatro especies vegetales y un hongo filamentoso
The extraction methods of genomic DNA are usually laborious and hazardous to human health and the environment by the use of organic solvents (chloroform and phenol) In this work a protocol for in situ extraction of genomic DNA by alkaline lysis is validated. It was used in order to amplify regions of DNA in four species of plants and fungi by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) From plant material of Saccharum officinarum L. Carica papaya L. and Digitalis purpurea L. it was possible to extend different regions of the genome through PCR. Furthermore, it was possible to amplify a fragment of avr 4 gene DNA purified from lyophilized mycelium of Mycosphaerella fijiensis Additionally, it was possible to amplify the region ap24 transgene inserted into the genome of banana cv. `Grande naine' Musa AAA) Key words: alkaline lysis, Carica papaya L. Digitalis purpurea L. Musa Saccharum officinarum L.
Luis Rojas Maritza Reyes Naivy Perez-Alonso Maria I Oloriz Laisyn Posada-Perez Barbara Ocana Orelvis Portal Borys Chong-Perez Jorge Perez Perez