118782909
Positioning systems in Minkowski spacetime: from emission to inertial coordinates
The coordinate transformation between emission coordinates and inertial coordinates in Minkowski spacetime is obtained for arbitrary configurations of the emitters. It appears that a positioning system always generates two different coordinate domains, namely, the front and the back emission coordinate domains. For both domains, the corresponding covariant expression of the transformation is explicitly given in terms of the emitter world lines. This task requires the notion of the orientation of an emitter configuration. The orientation is shown to be computable from the emission coordinates for the users of a 'central' region of the front emission coordinate domain. Other spacetime regions associated with the emission coordinates are also outlined.
14972296
Vacuum type I spacetimes and aligned Papapetrou fields: symmetries
We analyse type I vacuum solutions admitting an isometry whose Killing 2-form is aligned with a principal bivector of the Weyl tensor, and we show that these solutions belong to a family of type I metrics which admit a group G3 of isometries. We give a classification of this family and study the Bianchi type for each class. The classes compatible with an aligned Killing 2-form are also determined. The Szekeres–Brans theorem is extended to non-vacuum spacetimes with vanishing Cotton tensor.
16443896
On the classification of type D space–times
We give a classification of the type D space–times based on the invariant differential properties of the Weyl principal structure. Our classification is established using tensorial invariants of the Weyl tensor and, consequently, besides its intrinsic nature, it is valid for the whole set of the type D metrics and it applies on both, vacuum and nonvacuum solutions. We consider the Cotton-zero type D metrics and we study the classes that are compatible with this condition. The subfamily of space–times with constant argument of the Weyl eigenvalue is analyzed in more detail by offering a canonical expression for the metric tensor and by giving a generalization of some results about the nonexistence of purely magnetic solutions. The usefulness of these results is illustrated in characterizing and classifying a family of Einstein–Maxwell solutions. Our approach permits us to give intrinsic and explicit conditions that label every metric, obtaining in this way an operational algorithm to detect them. In partic...
119234596
On the super-energy radiative gravitational fields
We extend our recent analysis (Ferrando J J and Saez J A 2012 Class. Quantum Grav. 29 075012) on the Bel radiative gravitational fields to the super-energy radiative gravitational fields defined by Garcia-Parrado (2008 Class. Quantum Grav. 25 015006). We give an intrinsic characterization of the new radiative fields and consider some distinguished classes of both radiative and non-radiative fields. Several super-energy inequalities are improved.
118720389
Obtaining the Weyl tensor from the Bel–Robinson tensor
The algebraic study of the Bel–Robinson tensor proposed and initiated in a previous work (Ferrando and Sáez in Gen Relativ Gravit 41:1695–1715, 2009) is achieved. The canonical form of the different algebraic types is obtained in terms of Bel–Robinson eigen-tensors. An algorithmic determination of the Weyl tensor from the Bel–Robinson tensor is presented.
119404232
On the space-times admitting two shear-free geodesic null congruences
We analyze the space-times admitting two shear-free geodesic null congruences. The integrability conditions are presented in a plain tensorial way as equations on the volume element U of the time-like 2-plane that these directions define. From these we easily deduce significant consequences. We obtain explicit expressions for the Ricci and Weyl tensors in terms of U and its first and second order covariant derivatives. We study the different compatible Petrov-Bel types and give the necessary and sufficient conditions that characterize every type in terms of U. The type D case is analyzed in detail and we show that every type D space-time admitting a 2 + 2 conformal Killing tensor also admits a conformal Killing-Yano tensor.
119474013
Photoproduction of events with rapidity gaps between jets at HERA
The photoproduction of dijet events, where the two jets with the highest transverse energy are separated by a large gap in pseudorapidity, have been studied with the ZEUS detector using an integrated luminosity of 39 pb-1. Rapidity-gap events are defined in terms of the energy flow between the jets, such that the total summed transverse energy in this region is less than some value ETCUT. The data show a clear excess over the predictions of standard photoproduction models. This is interpreted as evidence for a strongly interacting exchange of a color-singlet object. Monte Carlo models which include such a color-singlet exchange are able to describe the data.
5839313
Measurement of D± and D0 production in deep inelastic scattering using a lifetime tag at HERA
AbstractThe production of D±- and D0-mesons has been measured with the ZEUS detector at HERA using an integrated luminosity of 133.6 pb−1. The measurements cover the kinematic range 5<Q2<1000 GeV2, 0.02<y<0.7, 1.5<pTD<15 GeV and |ηD|<1.6. Combinatorial background to the D-meson signals is reduced by using the ZEUS microvertex detector to reconstruct displaced secondary vertices. Production cross sections are compared with the predictions of next-to-leading-order QCD, which is found to describe the data well. Measurements are extrapolated to the full kinematic phase space in order to obtain the open-charm contribution, 
$F_{2}^{c\bar{c}}$
, to the proton structure function, F2.
119312790
Study of taupair production at HERA
A study of events containing two tau leptons with high transverse momentum has been performed with the ZEUS detector at HERA, using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 0.33 fb−1. The tau candidates were identified from their decays into electrons, muons or hadronic jets. The number of tau-pair candidates has been compared with the prediction from the Standard Model, where the largest contribution is expected from Bethe-Heitler processes. The total visible cross section was extracted. Standard Model expectations agree well with the measured distributions, also at high invariant mass of the tau pair.
209834301
Search for supersymmetry in events with photons, bottom quarks, and missing transverse momentum in proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector
A search has been performed for the experimental signature of an isolated photon with high transverse momentum, at least one jet identified as originating from a bottom quark, and high missing transverse momentum. Such a final state may originate from supersymmetric models with gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking in events in which one of a pair of higgsino-like neutralinos decays into a photon and a gravitino while the other decays into a Higgs boson and a gravitino. The search is performed using the full dataset of 7 TeV proton–proton collisions recorded with the ATLAS detector at the LHC in 2011, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.7 fb−1. A total of 7 candidate events are observed while 7.5±2.2 events are expected from the Standard Model background. The results of the search are interpreted in the context of general gauge mediation to exclude certain regions of a benchmark plane for higgsino-like neutralino production.
59435773
Measurement of high-Q2 charged current deep inelastic scattering cross sections with a longitudinally polarised positron beam at HERA
Measurements of the cross sections for charged current deep inelastic scattering in e+p collisions with a longitudinally polarised positron beam are presented. The measurements are based on a data sample with an integrated luminosity of 132 pb−1 collected with the ZEUS detector at HERA at a centre-of-mass energy of 318 GeV. The total cross section is presented at positive and negative values of the longitudinal polarisation of the positron beams. The single-differential cross-sections dσ/dQ2, dσ/dx and dσ/dy are presented for Q2>200 GeV2. The reduced cross-section $\tilde{\sigma}$ is presented in the kinematic range 200<Q2<60 000 GeV2 and 0.006<x<0.562. The measurements agree well with the predictions of the Standard Model. The results are used to determine a lower limit on the mass of a hypothetical right-handed W boson.