118708117
Unconventional behavior of Dirac fermions in three-dimensional gauge theory
We study the unconventional behavior of massless Dirac fermions due to interaction with a U(1) gauge field in two spatial dimensions. At zero chemical potential, the longitudinal and transverse components of gauge interaction are both long-ranged. There is no fermion velocity renormalization since the system respects Lorentz invariance. At finite chemical potential, the Lorentz invariance is explicitly broken by the finite Fermi surface. The longitudinal gauge interaction is statically screened and becomes unimportant, whereas the transverse gauge interaction remains long-ranged and leads to singular renormalization of fermion velocity. The anomalous dimension of fermion velocity is calculated by means of the renormalization group method. We then examine the influence of singular velocity renormalization on several physical quantities, and show that they exhibit different behavior at zero and finite chemical potential.
7377062
Gauge invariant effective Lagrangian for Kaluza-Klein modes
We construct a manifestly gauge invariant Lagrangian in $3+1$ dimensions for N Kaluza-Klein modes of an $\mathrm{SU}(m)$ gauge theory in the bulk. For example, if the bulk is $4+1,$ the effective theory is ${\ensuremath{\Pi}}_{i=1}^{N+1}{\mathrm{SU}(m)}_{i}$ with N chiral $(\overline{m},m)$ fields connecting the groups sequentially. This can be viewed as a Wilson action for a transverse lattice in ${x}^{5},$ and is shown explicitly to match the continuum $4+1$ compactified Lagrangian truncated in momentum space. Scale dependence of the gauge couplings is described by the standard renormalization group technique with threshold matching, leading to effective power law running. We also discuss the unitarity constraints, and chiral fermions.
118967068
U(1)-prime symmetry breaking in supersymmetric E(6) models
We study the electroweak and $U(1)^{'}$ symmetry breaking patterns in models with the particle content of supersymmetric $E_{6}$, including standard model singlets $S$ and exotic quarks $D,~\bar{D}$. Motivated by free fermionic string models, we do not require $E_{6}$-type relations between Yukawa couplings. In particular, we assume that baryon and lepton numbers are conserved, so that the exotic quarks can be light. Gauge invariance allows Yukawa interactions between $S$ and Higgs doublets, and between $S$ and the exotic quarks, allowing radiative $U(1)^{'}$ symmetry breaking and the generation of an effective $\mu$ parameter at the electroweak scale. For both the $E_{6}$ $\psi$ and $\eta$ models, universal soft supersymmetry breaking parameters and Yukawa universality at the high (string) scale do not yield acceptable low energy phenomenology. Relaxing universality, we find solutions with phenomenologically acceptable values of $M_{Z^{'}}$ and the $Z-Z^{'}$ mixing angle. In addition, by varying the $U(1)^{'}$ charge assignments due to the mixing of $U(1)_{\chi}$ and $U(1)_{\psi}$ of $E_{6}$, it is possible to have acceptable low energy phenomenology with universal boundary conditions.
122602751
Application of the complex scaling method in relativistic mean-field theory
We develop the complex scaling method within the framework of the relativistic mean-field (RMF) model. With the self-consistent nuclear potentials from the RMF model, the complex scaling method is used to study single-particle resonant states in spherical nuclei. As examples, the energies and widths of low-lying neutron resonant states in {sup 120}Sn are obtained. The results are compared with those from the real stabilization method, the scattering phase-shift method, and the analytic continuation in the coupling constant approach and satisfactory agreements are found.
11113279
Dynamical electroweak breaking and latticized extra dimensions
Using gauge invariant effective Lagrangians in 1+3 dimensions describing the Standard Model in 1+4 dimensions, we explore dynamical electroweak symmetry breaking. The Top Quark Seesaw model arises naturally, as well as the full CKM structure. We include a discussion of effects of warping, and indicate how other dynamical schemes may also be realized.
16398417
Three family type IIB orientifold string vacua with non-abelian Wilson lines
We address the implementation of non-abelian Wilson lines in D = 4 N = 1 type IIB orientifold constructions. We present an explicit three-family example with the gauge group (U(4) × U(2) × SU(2) × SU(2))2 × (U(6) × Spp(4))2 and give the particle spectrum and the trilinear superpotential. Emphasizing the new subtleties associated with the introduction of non-abelian Wilson lines, we show that the abelian gauge anomalies are cancelled by the Green-Schwarz-type mechanism, and calculate the Fayet-Iliopoulos terms and gauge coupling corrections. The analysis thus sets a stage for further investigations of the phenomenological implications of this model.
55864619
Vertex and Track Reconstruction and Luminosity Monitoring at LHCb
32668015
A Method to Calibrate Beam Position Monitor at HLS 200 MeV Linac
In order to improve injection efficiency of HLS 200Mev LINAC, we redesign a new strip line beam position monitor system, which is consisted of a strip line structure and a signal processing system. We decide on an online calibration method based on beam to find out the geometry centre displacement and relative gain offset. Before the BPM testing bench has been prepared, we make a simulation based on the model accounted for all factors influencing signal amplitudes and get the calibrating results. At last, we analyze the nonlinearity effect on the calibration results.
119229425
Dirac Equation at Finite Temperature
In this paper, we propose finite temperature Dirac equation, which can describe the quantum systems in an arbitrary temperature for a relativistic particle of spin-1/2. When the temperature T=0, it become Dirac equation. With the equation, we can study the relativistic quantum systems in an arbitrary temperature.
123856190
Existence of a proton halo in Al-23 and its significance
Reaction cross section sigma(R) of proton-rich isotones (N = 10) near Al-23 and Al isotopes (Al23-28) on C target have been measured at intermediate energies around 30 MeV/nucleon. An abnormal increase of the experimental sigma(R) is observed for Al-23 and it suggests that there is an anomalously large matter rms radius in Al-23. Together with the very weakly binding of the last proton (S-p = 0.125 MeV), it indicates that there is a proton halo in Al-23. This conclusion is also supported by the difference factor d which is deduced from the measured and theoretical sigma(R) in the Glauber or Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck model and is used for the manifest of halo phenomena. The theoretical calculation based,on the relativistic density dependent Hartree model shows that there is a proton halo when the last proton is in the 2s(1/2) orbit in Al-23. The significance of the proton halo in Al-23 is discussed.
14085517
Twisted Gauge Theory Model of Topological Phases in Three Dimensions
We propose an exactly solvable lattice Hamiltonian model of topological phases in $3+1$ dimensions, based on a generic finite group $G$ and a $4$-cocycle $\omega$ over $G$. We show that our model has topologically protected degenerate ground states and obtain the formula of its ground state degeneracy on the $3$-torus. In particular, the ground state spectrum implies the existence of purely three-dimensional looplike quasi-excitations specified by two nontrivial flux indices and one charge index. We also construct other nontrivial topological observables of the model, namely the $SL(3,\mathbb{Z})$ generators as the modular $S$ and $T$ matrices of the ground states, which yield a set of topological quantum numbers classified by $\omega$ and quantities derived from $\omega$. Our model fulfills a Hamiltonian extension of the $3+1$-dimensional Dijkgraaf-Witten topological gauge theory with a gauge group $G$. This work is presented to be accessible for a wide range of physicists and mathematicians.