14840245
Grid Resource Discovery Using Semantic Communities
Grid technologies enable the sharing and collaborating of a wide variety of resources. To fully utilize these resources, effective resource discovery mechanisms are necessities. However, the complicated and dynamic characteristics of the grid resources make sharing and discovering them a challenging issue. In this paper, we propose a semantic community approach to assisting the efficient resource discovery and query in grids. Semantic community is a natural arrangement of distributed systems. It prunes the searching space and reduces the cost of searching. Moreover, it exhibits many desirable properties, including being fully decentralized and supporting complex queries. Our simulation results show how searching the girds can take advantage of semantic communities to reduce the searching cost and improve the quality of search results.
16509401
Ontology-Based Clustering and Routing in Peer-to-Peer Networks
How to improve the performance of content searching in peer-to-peer (P2P) systems is a challenging issue. In this paper we attack this problem by proposing a new decentralized P2P architecture – ontology-based community overlays. The system exploits the semantic property of the content in the network to cluster nodes sharing similar interest together to improve the query and searching performance. Specifically, a distributed hash table (DHT) based overlay is constructed to assist peers organizing into communities. Those peers in the same community form a Gnutella-like unstructured overlay. This architecture helps reduce the search time and decrease the network traffic by minimizing the number of messages propagated in the system. Moreover, it retains the desirable properties of existing unstructured architectures, including being fully decentralized with loose structure, and supporting complex queries. We demonstrate by simulation, that with this architecture, peers can get more relevant resources faster and with less traffic generated.
60653417
FedGrid: An HLA Approach to Federating Grids
Research on Grids has received considerable attention in recent years. Whereas existing work on connecting the grids primarily focused on grid services, in our work we propose a unified approach, so-called FederationGrid (or FedGrid for short), which integrates both virtual organization (VO) and grid services, thus enabling formation of virtual communities on top of grids. FedGrid is based on the standard High Level Architecture (HLA) that enjoys the advantages of high-level information modeling, including re-usability of software components and real-time performance of the overall systems. In addition, FedGrid is a fractal grid, comprised of hierarchical HLA federations, e.g. Realms and Lobby, which supports well the concept of virtual communities and scalability.
40619710
An efficient clustered architecture for P2P networks
Peer-to-peer (P2P) computing offers many attractive features, such as self-organization, load-balancing, availability, fault tolerance, and anonymity. However, it also faces some serious challenges. In this paper, we propose an Efficient Clustered Super-Peer P2P architecture (ECSP) to overcome the scalability and efficiency problems of existing unstructured P2P system. With ECSP, peers are grouped into clusters according to their topological proximity, and super-peers are selected from regular peers to act as cluster leaders and service providers. These super-peers are also connected to each other, forming a backbone overlay network operating as a distinct, yet integrated, application. To maintain the dynamically adaptive overlay network and to manage the routing on it, we propose an application level broadcasting protocol: Efa. Applying only a small amount of information about the topology of a network, Efa is as simple as flooding, a conventional method used in unstructured P2P systems. By eliminating many duplicated messages, Efa is much more efficient and scalable than flooding, and furthermore, it is completely decentralized and self-organized. Our experimental results prove that ESCP architecture, combined with the super-peer backbone protocol, can generate impressive levels of performance and scalability.
1046695
Achieving k-Anonymity by Clustering in Attribute Hierarchical Structures
Individual privacy will be at risk if a published data set is not properly de-identified. k-anonymity is a major technique to de-identify a data set. A more general view of k-anonymity is clustering with a constraint of the minimum number of objects in every cluster. Most existing approaches to achieving k-anonymity by clustering are for numerical (or ordinal) attributes. In this paper, we study achieving k-anonymity by clustering in attribute hierarchical structures. We define generalisation distances between tuples to characterise distortions by generalisations and discuss the properties of the distances. We conclude that the generalisation distance is a metric distance. We propose an efficient clustering-based algorithm for k-anonymisation. We experimentally show that the proposed method is more scalable and causes significantly less distortions than an optimal global recoding k-anonymity method.
30686158
Applying Association Rules for Interesting Recommendations Using Rule Templates
In this paper, we propose a new method of applying association rules for recommendation systems. Association rule algorithms are used to discover associations among items in transaction datasets. However, applying association rule algorithms directly to make recommendations usually generates too many rules; thus, it is difficult to find interesting recommendations for users among so many rules. Rule templates define certain types of rules; therefore, they are one of the interestingness measures that reduce the number of rules that do not interest users. We describe a new method. By defining more appropriate rule templates, we are able to extract interesting rules for users in a recommendation system. Experimental results show that our method increases the accuracy of recommendations.
13902534
Towards evolving Web sites into grid services environment
Grid services are emerged by integrating grid computing and Web services to perform a seamless information processing system across distributed, heterogeneous, dynamic virtual organisations that the user can access from any location. The Web Service Resource Framework (WSRF) was announced as a new way for manipulating "stateful resources" to perform grid services. It defines the concept of "stateful resources" and how they can be discovered, queried and manipulated via Web services. In this paper, we proposed a grid services-oriented reengineering approach to create stateful resources from conventional HTML Web sites, which applies hierarchical cluster and wrapper techniques to extract and translate Web sites resources. It supports services identification and packaging and archives Web site evolution into grid services environment by exploiting WRSF.
516279
Context-based multiscale classification of document images using wavelet coefficient distributions
In this paper, an algorithm is developed for segmenting document images into four classes: background, photograph, text, and graph. Features used for classification are based on the distribution patterns of wavelet coefficients in high frequency bands. Two important attributes of the algorithm are its multiscale nature-it classifies an image at different resolutions adaptively, enabling accurate classification at class boundaries as well as fast classification overall-and its use of accumulated context information for improving classification accuracy.
207163413
Automatic patent classification using citation network information: an experimental study in nanotechnology
Classifying and organizing documents in repositories is an active research topic in digital library studies. Manually classifying the large volume of patents and patent applications managed by patent offices is a labor-intensive task. Many previous studies have employed patent contents for patent classification with the aim of automating this process. In this research we propose to use patent citation information, especially the citation network structure information, to address the patent classification problem. We adopt a kernel-based approach and design kernel functions to capture content information and various citation-related information in patents. These kernels. performances are evaluated on a testbed of patents related to nanotechnology. Evaluation results show that our proposed labeled citation graph kernel, which utilized citation network structures, significantly outperforms the kernels that use no citation information or only direct citation information.