15428472
Observation of long ionizing tracks with the ICARUS T600 first half-module
F. Arneodo, B. Bade"ek, A. Badertscher, B. Baiboussinov, M. Baldo Ceolin, G. Battistoni, B. Bekman, P. Benetti, E. Bernardini, M. Bischofberger, A. Borio di Tigliole, R. Brunetti, A. Bueno, E. Calligarich, M. Campanelli, C. Carpanese, D. Cavalli, F. Cavanna, P. Cennini, S. Centro, A. Cesana, C. Chen, D. Chen, D.B. Chen, Y. Chen, D. Cline, Z. Dai, C. De Vecchi, A. Dabrowska, R. Dolfini*, M. Felcini, A. Ferrari, F. Ferri, Y. Ge, A. Gigli Berzolari, I. Gil-Botella, K. Graczyk, L. Grandi, K. He, J. Holeczek, X. Huang, C. Juszczak, D. Kie"czewska, J. Kisiel, T. Koz"owski, H. Kuna-Ciska", M. Laffranchi, J. Łagoda, Z. Li, F. Lu, J. Ma, M. Markiewicz, A. Martinez de la Ossa, C. Matthey, F. Mauri, D. Mazza, G. Meng, M. Messina, C. Montanari, S. Muraro, S. Navas-Concha, M. Nicoletto, G. Nurzia, S. Otwinowski, Q. Ouyang, O. Palamara, D. Pascoli, L. Periale, G. Piano Mortari, A. Piazzoli, P. Picchi, F. Pietropaolo, W. P ! o"ch"opek, T. Rancati, A. Rappoldi, G.L. Raselli, J. Rico, E. Rondio, M. Rossella, A. Rubbia, C. Rubbia, P. Sala, D. Scannicchio, E. Segreto, F. Sergiampietri, J. Sobczyk, J. Stepaniak, M. Szeptycka, M. Szleper, M. Szarska, M. Terrani, S. Ventura, C. Vignoli, H. Wang, M. W ! ojcik, J. Woo, G. Xu, Z. Xu, A. Zalewska, J. Zalipska, C. Zhang, Q. Zhang, S. Zhen, W. Zipper a INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, s.s. 17bis Km 18+910, Assergi (L’Aquila), Italy b Institute of Experimental Physics, Warsaw University, Warszawa, Poland c Institute for Particle Physics, ETH H . onggerberg, Z . urich, Switzerland Dipartimento di Fisica e INFN, Universit " a di Padova, via Marzolo 8, Padova, Italy Dipartimento di Fisica e INFN, Universit " a di Milano, via Celoria 16, Milano, Italy f Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland Dipartimento di Fisica e INFN, Universit " a di Pavia, via Bassi 6, Pavia, Italy Dpto de F!isica Te ! orica y del Cosmos & C.A.F.P.E., Universidad de Granada, Avda. Severo Ochoa s/n, Granada, Spain Dipartimento di Fisica e INFN, Universit " a dell’Aquila, via Vetoio, L’Aquila, Italy CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland Politecnico di Milano (CESNEF), Universit " a di Milano, via Ponzio 34/3, Milano, Italy
60626146
ILC Reference Design Report: ILC Global Design Effort and World Wide Study
55843797
LATTICE DESIGN FOR THE BEPCII STORAGE RING
BEPCII, the upgrading project of the BEPC, has been being designed with a luminosity of 10 33 cm -2 s -1 at the J/ψ energy. It still keeps the potential to provide beams as a synchrotron radiation (SR) facility. The storage rings for collision contain a positron and an electron ring and the ring for dedicated SR uses the outer parts of the two rings. To fit all the conditions either on beam or on space limit, lattices are carefully designed for both high energy physics and SR experiments with sufficient dynamic apertures and high efficiencies for injection. The features of the lattices are also discussed in the paper. 1 DESIGN REQUIREMENTS BEPCII is an upgrade project of the Beijing ElectronPositron Collider (BEPC), in which a new inner ring will be installed inside the old one. It will provide colliding beams with the center-of-mass energy from 1.0GeV×2 to 2.0GeV×2 and also the dedicated synchrotron radiation beam with 2.5 GeV. For the colliding beams the luminosity is optimized at 1.89 GeV with 1×10 33 cm -2 s -1 . For the dedicated synchrotron radiation beam, the current is 250 mA with an emittance as low as possible. There have been several beam-lines in the BEPC for the synchrotron radiation experiments, so the current bending magnets and insertion devices in the southern region have to be fixed at their present positions. In order to increase the average luminosity, the “topoff” injection scheme up to 1.89 GeV is adopted. This requires that the injection and collision optics must be the same. The main parameters are shown in Tables 1 and 2.
56470793
DESIGN OF BEAM TRANSPORT LINE FROM RCS TO TARGET FOR CSNS
China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) uses the high energy proton beam to strike the Tungsten target to generate neutrons through spallation reaction. The proton beam is extracted from the Rapid Cycling Synchrotron (RCS), whose beam power reaches 100 kW. For the sake of target lifetime, beam distribution at the target surface is required as uniform as possible. Nonlinear beam density redistribution method with two octupole magnets has been studied. Also some simulation and theoretical calculation have been done. According to the simulation result, the beam density at the target is optimized and the beam loss is under control.
123594822
Transfer matrices of dipoles with bending radius variation
With the increasing demand of high brightness in light source, the uniform dipole can not meet the needs of low emittance, and thus the dipole with bending radius variation is introduced in this paper. The transfer matrix of a non-uniform dipole whose bending radius is linearly changed is chosen as an example and a very simple calculation formula of non-uniform dipole transfer matrices is given. The transfer matrices of some common profile non-uniform dipoles are also listed. The comparison of these transfer matrices and the matrices calculated with slices method verifies the numerical accuracy of this formula. This method can make the non-uniform beam dynamic problem simpler, very helpful for emittance research and lattice design with non-uniform dipoles.
124075894
General conditions for self-cancellation of geometric aberrations in a lattice structure
In this paper we will discuss the general conditions for self-cancellation of geometric aberrations in an uncoupled or even coupled lattice structure. The self-cancellation conditions show that - I transformer even noninterleaved multipoles is not necessary. We will also give two examples for sextupole case to specify the application.
119761991
Light hadron physics
Our knowledge about the structure of matter and the nature of the interactions between its constituent components follows a hierarchy that closely tracks the evolution of experimental measurements from low to higher and higher energies. For example, with an electron beam of a given energy, one can access the microscopic structure of matter at length scales corresponding to the de-Brogie wave length of the electrons that are being used: λ = 2π × 197.3 Mev·fm/Eγ, were Eγ is the energy of the photon that is exchanged in the experimentally observed process. As the energy of the beams that are available get higher and higher, the sizes of objects that can be probed get smaller and smaller…
117118930
Gentle and violent gold interactions from the BNL AGS
121660884
Limiting Fragmentation, Scaling and Substructual Dependence of Multiparticle Production in High Energy Heavy Ion Reactions
We report on recent results obtained by the EMUO1 collaboration from studies of 16O + emulsion, at 14.6, 60 and 200 A GeV, and 32S + emulsion and 32S + Au interactions at 200 A GeV. Shower-particle production in oxygen-induced interactions are studied over the energy range 2.1-200 A GeV. Scaling and limiting fragmentation are observed. Multiplicity and angular distributions of low energy target-associated particles are presented and compared with distributions obtained using the Ranft and the Fritiof simulation codes.
125260045
Evidence of sigma particle in J / psi ---> omega pi pi
122692421
Review of recent results on particle production from EMU01
Abstract The EMU01 Collaboration has employed emulsion chamber and pellicle detectors to accumulate a large database of heavy nucleus interactions. Samples include both minimum bias and central collisions, analyzed in a uniform manner to extract multiplicities and angular distributions of charged particles and nuclear fragments. We find that the main features of these distribution are well represented by geometrical superposition models. A unique feature of EMU01 is the use of emulsion chambers with thin foil targets to observe produced particle angular distributions with exceptionally high precision, permitting extension of fluctuations and correlations analyses beyond the resolution limits imposed by other experimental techniques. The data are generally well reproduced by interaction simulations such as FRITIOF (the Lund monte carlo for nuclear collisons) which include only conventional physics effects. However, the analysis of fluctuations and correlations via factorial moment and cumulant techniques yields some suggestive results which require further investigation, both by continued analysis of existing data and from Au and Pb beam exposures scheduled for the next few years.