35528265
FERMIONIC ZERO MODES IN SELF-DUAL VORTEX BACKGROUND
We study fermionic zero modes in the background of self-dual vortex on a two-dimensional non-compact extra space in 5+1 dimensions. In the Abelian Higgs model, we present a unified description of the topological and non-topological self-dual vortex on the extra two dimensions. Based on it, we study the localization of bulk fermions on a brane with the inclusion of Yang–Mills and gravity backgrounds in six dimensions. Through two simple cases, it is shown that the vortex background contributes a phase shift to the fermionic zero mode, this phase is actually origin from the Aharonov–Bohm effect.
39616698
Fermionic zero modes in gauge and gravity backgrounds on T-2
Here we study fermionic zero modes in gauge and gravity backgrounds taking a two-dimensional compact manifold T-2 as extra dimensions. The result is that there exist massless Dirac fermions which have normalizable zero modes under quite general assumptions about these backgrounds on the bulk. Several special cases of gauge background on the torus are discussed and some simple fermionic zero modes axe obtained.
32300667
Non-relativistic Josephson junction from holography
A bstractWe construct a Josephson junction in non-relativistic case with a Lifshitz geometry as the dual gravity. We investigate the effect of the Lifshitz scaling in comparison with its relativistic counterpart. The standard sinusoidal relation between the current and the phase difference is found for various Lifshitz scalings characterised by the dynamical critical exponent. We also find the exponential decreasing relation between the condensate of the scalar operator within the barrier at zero current and the width of the weak link, as well as the relation between the critical current and the width. Nevertheless, the coherence lengths obtained from two exponential decreasing relations generically have discrepancies for non-relativistic dual.
118569736
A note on Friedmann equation of FRW universe in deformed Horava-Lifshitz gravity from entropic force
With entropic interpretation of gravity proposed by Verlinde, we obtain the Friedmann equation of the Friedmann—Robertson—Walker universe for the deformed Hořava—Lifshitz gravity. It is shown that, when the parameter of Hořava—Lifshitz gravity ω → ∞, the modified Friedmann equation will go back to the one in Einstein gravity. This results may imply that the entropic interpretation of gravity is effective for the deformed Hořava—Lifshitz gravity.
53470154
Competition between s-wave order and d-wave order in holographic superconductors
A bstractWe study competition between s-wave order and d-wave order through two holographic superconductor models. We find that once the coexisting phase appears, it is always thermodynamically favored, and that the coexistence phase is narrow and one condensate tends to kill the other. The phase diagram is constructed for each model in terms of temperature and the ratio of charges of two orders. We further compare the behaviors of some thermodynamic quantities, and discuss the different aspects and identical ones between two models.
14109465
Fermions coupled with self-dual vortex background on a torus
Abstract: We study fermionic zero modes in the self-dual vortex background on an extra torus in 5+1 dimensions. It is shown that the self-dual vortex arises from the symmetric phase and the asymmetric phase of Higgs field in the context of generalized Abelian Higgs model. Then we analyze the Dirac operator on the extra two-dimensional space and the effective Lagrangian of four-dimensional fermion with the vortex background. Solving the Dirac equation, we obtain the fermionic zero modes in two simple cases. It is shown that the vortex background contributes a phase shift to the fermionic zero modes, and this phase is determined by the topology of the extra dimensions, it can be observed through Aharonov-Bohm effect. For the anti-vortex case, the corresponding zero modes present a singular behavior at the zero point of Higgs field. While for the vacuum one, they are non-singular.
121312122
The Daya Bay Experiment and the Discovery of a New Type of Neutrino Oscillation
We know nowadays that the matter world we live in is made of 12 elementary particles, including 6 quarks, 3 charged leptons and 3 neutrinos. Among them, neutrinos are least known since they do not carry the electric charge and interact with others only weakly (often referred as the nuclear weak interactions). In the Standard Model of particle physics before 1998, neutrinos are considered as massless for simplicity and lack of experimental evidence. However, they are so abundant in the universe that their masses, even if tiny, will have significant impact to the particle physics, astrophysics and cosmology.
119273335
D2 Chern-Simons Gravity
We study the theory that contains two spin-2 fields. This theory can be regarded as a simplified version of higher spin gravity in AdS3. It can be formulated either in the first order formulation or in the second order formulation. From the first order formulation we construct the black holes in the theory and study the thermodynamics of this black holes with the help of dual holographic OPE. From the higher spin point of view, this black hole is most naturally regarded as a black hole with a spin-2 hair. In the second order formulation, we obtain an action for the metric and extra spin-2 fields and analyze the corresponding black holes. Even though for some simple cases, the conventional notions, such as the horizon, may help us to read part of the information of the black hole, they break down in generic cases. On the other hand, the action in the second order formulation could be rewritten in the form of a decoupled AdS3 bi-gravity. Moreover, the entropy of the black hole with the spin-2 hair could be reproduced from the AdS3 bi-gravity in the Euclidean path-integral formalism.
7670434
Transverse momentum spectra of charged particles in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 900 GeV with ALICE at the LHC
The inclusive charged particle transverse momentum distribution is measured in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 900$~GeV at the LHC using the ALICE detector. The measurement is performed in the central pseudorapidity region $(|\eta|_{\rm INEL}=0.483\pm0.001$~(stat.)~$\pm0.007$~(syst.)~GeV/$c$ and $\left_{\rm NSD}=0.489\pm0.001$~(stat.)~$\pm0.007$~(syst.)~GeV/$c$, respectively. The data exhibit a slightly larger $\left$ than measurements in wider pseudorapidity intervals. The results are compared to simulations with the Monte Carlo event generators PYTHIA and PHOJET
119211617
The Influence of Radial Stellar Migration on the Chemical Evolution of the Milky Way
Stellar migration is an important dynamical process in the Galactic disk. Here we model radial stellar migration in the Galactic disk with an analytical method, then add it to a detailed Galactic chemical evolution model to study the influence of radial stellar migration on the chemical evolution of the Milky Way, especially for the abundance gradients. We found that the radial stellar migration in the Galactic disk can make the profile of the G-dwarf metallicity distribution of the solar neighborhood taller and narrower, and thus it becomes another solution to the "G-dwarf problem." It can also scatter the age-metallicity relation. However, after migration, the abundance distributions along the Galactic radius do not change much; namely, the abundance gradients would not be flattened by the radial stellar migration, which is different from the predictions of many theoretical works. However, it can flatten the radial gradients of the mean chemical abundance of stars, and older stars possess flatter abundance gradients than younger stars. The most significant effect of radial stellar migration on the chemical abundance is that at a certain position it scatters the abundance of stars from a relatively concentrated value to a range.
119304748
Phase structure of higher spin black hole
A bstractIn this paper, we investigate the phase structure of the black holes with one single higher spin hair, focusing specifically on the spin 3 and spin $ \widetilde{4} $ black holes. Based on dimensional analysis and the requirement of thermodynamic consistency, we derive a universal formula relating the entropy with the conserved charges for arbitrary AdS3 higher spin black holes. Then we use it to study the phase structure of the higher spin black holes. We find that there are six branches of solutions in the spin 3 gravity, eight branches of solutions in the spin $ \widetilde{4} $ gravity and twelve branches of solutions in the G2 gravity. In each case, all the branches are related by a simple angle shift in the entropy functions. In the spin 3 case, we reproduce all the results found before. In the spin $ \widetilde{4} $ case, we find that at low temperature it lies in the BTZ branch while at high temperature it undergoes a phase transition to one of the two other branches, depending on the signature of the chemical potential, a reflection of charge conjugate asymmetry found before.