119213988
Quantum entanglement from the holographic principle
It is suggested that quantum entanglement emerges from the holographic principle stating that all of the information of a region (bulk bits) can be described by the bits on its boundary surface. There are redundancy and information loss in the bulk bits that lead to the nonlocal correlation among the bulk bits. Quantum field theory overestimates the independent degrees of freedom in the bulk. The maximum entanglement in the universe increases as the size of the cosmic horizon and this could be related with the arrow of time and dark energy.
118494859
Gravity from quantum information
We suggest that the Einstein equation can be derived from Landauer’s principle applied to an information erasing process at a local Rindler horizon and Jacobson’s idea linking the Einstein equation with thermodynamics. When matter crosses the horizon, information on the matter disappears, and the horizon entanglement entropy increases to compensate for the entropy reduction. The Einstein equation describes an information-energy relation during this process, which implies that entropic gravity is related to the quantum entanglement of the vacuum and has a quantuminformation theoretic origin.
118388982
BEC dark matter can explain collisions of galaxy clusters
We suggest that the dark matter model based on Bose Einstein condensate or scalar field can resolve the apparently contradictory behaviors of dark matter in the Abell 520 and the Bullet cluster. During a collision of two galaxies in the cluster, if initial kinetic energy of the galaxies is large enough, two dark matter halos pass each other in a soliton-like way as observed in the Bullet cluster. If not, the halos merge due to the tiny repulsive interaction among dark matter particles as observed in the Abell 520. This idea can also explain the origin of the dark galaxy and the galaxy without dark matter.
17852673
Oscillating inflation with a nonminimally coupled scalar field
The oscillating inflation model recently proposed by Damour and Mukhanov is investigated with nonminimal coupling. Numerical study confirms an inflationary behavior and density perturbation is obtained. Successful inflation requires the gravity-dilaton coupling to be small.
118674685
Zero cosmological constant and nonzero dark energy from the holographic principle
The first law of thermodynamics and the holographic principle applied to an arbitrary large cosmic causal horizon are shown to naturally demand a zero cosmological constant and a non-zero dynamical dark energy in the form of the holographic dark energy. A semiclassical analysis shows that the holographic dark energy has a parameter d = 1 and an equation of state comparable to current observational data if the entropy of the horizon saturates the Bekenstein-Hawking bound. This result indicates that quantum field theory should be modified on a large scale to explain the dark energy. The relations among the dark energy, the quantum vacuum energy and the entropic gravity are also discussed.
118903338
Radiation Damping at a Bubble Wall
The first order phase transition proceeds via nucleation and growth of true vacuum bubbles. When charged particles collide with the bubble they could radiate electromagnetic wave. We show that, due to an energy loss of the particles by the radiation, the damping pressure acting on the bubble wall depends on the velocity of the wall even in a thermal equilibrium state.
15236719
Global and local D-vortices
Codimension-two objects on a system of brane-antibrane are studied in the context of Born-Infeld type effective field theory with a complex tachyon and U(1) × U(1) gauge fields. When the radial electric field is turned on in D2 ¯ D2, we find static regular global and local D-vortex solutions which could be candidates of straight cosmic D-strings in a superstring theory. A natural extension to DF-strings is briefly discussed.
119110893
Resummation of relativistic corrections to exclusive productions of charmonia in e+e- collisions
We investigate two exclusive processes, ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\eta}}_{c}+\ensuremath{\gamma}$ and ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}J/\ensuremath{\psi}+J/\ensuremath{\psi}$, at the center-of-momentum energy $\sqrt{s}=10.58\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GeV}$ within the framework of the nonrelativistic QCD factorization approach. A class of relativistic corrections is resummed to all orders in the heavy-quark velocity $v$ and the corrections are large negative. We further improve the prediction by including available QCD next-to-leading-order corrections and the interference between the QCD and relativistic corrections. The prediction for $\ensuremath{\sigma}[{e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\eta}}_{c}+\ensuremath{\gamma}]$ is about 50 fb. In the case of ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}J/\ensuremath{\psi}+J/\ensuremath{\psi}$ the standard nonrelativistic QCD prediction for the cross section is negative. As an alternative, the vector-meson-dominance approach is employed to compute the photon-fragmentation contribution of the process, which gives the cross section $\ensuremath{\sim}1\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{fb}$. This is an indication that the uncalculated QCD higher-order corrections may be significant. Our results can be tested against the forthcoming data from Belle II and super $B$ factories.
14997681
NEW LIMITS FOR NEUTRINOLESS TAU DECAYS
Neutrinoless 3-prong tau lepton decays into a charged lepton and either two charged particles or one neutral meson have been searched for using 4.79fb^(-1) of data collected with the CLEO II detector at Cornell Electron Storage Ring. This analysis represents an update of a previous study and the addition of six decay channels. In all channels the numbers of events found are compatible with background estimates and branching fraction upper limits are set for 28 different decay modes. These limits are either more stringent than those set previously or represent the first attempt to find these decays.
55734650
Critical Exponents for Supercooled Liquids
We compute critical exponents governing universal features of supercooled liquids through the effective theory of an overlap field. The correlation length diverges with the Ising exponent; the size of dynamically heterogeneous patches grows more rapidly; and the relaxation time obeys a generalized Vogel-Fulcher-Tammann relation.
122930718
Measurements of the meson-photon transition form factors of light pseudoscalar mesons at large momentum transfer
Using the CLEO II detector, we have measured the differential cross sections for exclusive two-photon production of light pseudoscalar mesons {pi}{sup 0}, {eta}, and {eta}{prime}. From our measurements we have obtained the form factors associated with the electromagnetic transitions {gamma}*{gamma} {yields} meson. We have measured these form factors in the momentum transfer ranges from 1.5 to 9, 20, and 30 GeV2 for {pi}{sup 0}, {eta}, and {eta}{prime}, respectively, and have made comparisons to various theoretical predictions.