124318854
Precision measurement of positron fraction by AMS-02
118693623
Angular Reconstruction of a Lead Scintillating-Fiber Sandwiched Electromagnetic Calorimeter
The Neighbor Cell Deposited Energy Ratio (NCDER) is a new method that is proposed to reconstruct incidence position in a single layer for a 3-dimensional imaging electromagnetic calorimeter (ECAL). This method was applied to reconstruct the ECAL test beam data for the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer-02 (AMS-02). The results show that this method can achieve an angular resolution of 7.36 +/- 0.08 degrees/root E circle plus 0.28 +/- 0.02 degrees in the determination of the photon's direction, which is much more precise than that obtained with the commonly-adopted Center of Gravity (COG) method (8.4 +/- 0.1 degrees/root E circle plus 0.8 +/- 0.3 degrees). Furthermore, since it uses only the properties of electromagnetic showers, this new method could also be used for other type of fine grain sampling calorimeters.
124732180
Correction of PMT position effect for a lead-scintillating fiber electromagnetic calorimeter
The position effect of the photoelectron multiplier tube (PMT) of the electromagnetic calorimeter (ECAL) of Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer-02 (AMS-02) has been studied with beam-test data. The reconstructed deposited energy in a layer versus incidence position in the cell can be described by Gaussian distribution, maximum and minimum value can be obtained when the particle passes across the center and the edge of a cell respectively. The distribution can be used to correct the effect of incidence position on energy reconstruction. Much better energy resolution was acquired be got with the correction, for 100 GeV electrons, energy resolution improved from 3% to 2%.
118231191
Discrimination of converted photons and neutral pions at high energies
In the LHC experiment, the H → γγ channel provides a clean final state with an effective mass peak that is reconstructed with great precision, despite the small branching ratio. As a consequence, the H → γγ channel is one of the most promising channels for the Higgs discovery in the very low mass region. In order to increase the sensitivity of the Higgs search, background rejection rate is very important, so γ/π0 discrimination is one of the key points in the analysis. At least 40% of photons will convert with the experience of ATLAS and CMS. We constructed electromagnetic calorimeter (ECAL) in GEANT4 simulation, using 6 variables which have different shapes between converted γ and π0, with the TMVA (Toolkit for Multivariate Data Analysis) to do the separation. With this method we can get 30% to 60% π0 rejection efficiency when keeping 90% converted γ efficiency, in the region of transverse momentum 15 GeV to 75 GeV, not only in MC sumulation but also in real data.
118561275
Test of the prototype of electron detector for LHAASO project using cosmic rays
LHAASO project is to be built in south-west China, which use an array of 5137 election detectors for the measurement of the incident electrons arriving at the detector plane. For the quality control of the big quantity of electron detectors, a cosmic ray hodoscope with two-dimensional spacial sensitivity and good time resolution has been developed. The ?rst prototype of electron detector is tested with the hodoscope and the performance of the detector is validated to be consistent with the design.
119069530
Landau meets Newton: time translation symmetry breaking in classical mechanics
AbstractEvery classical Newtonian mechanical system can be equipped with anonstandard Hamiltonian structure, in which the Hamiltonian is the squareof the canonical Hamiltonian up to a constant shift, and the Poisson bracketis nonlinear. In such a formalism, time translation symmetry can be spon-taneously broken, provided the potential function becomes negative. A niceanalogy between time translation symmetry breaking and the Landau the-ory of second order phase transitions is established, together with severalexample cases illustrating time translation breaking ground states. In par-ticular, the CDM model of FRW cosmology is reformulated as the timetranslation symmetry breaking ground states.Keywords: time translation symmetry breaking, Hamiltonian formalism,Landau theory of phase transition, CDM modelPACS: 1 Introduction Spontaneous symmetry breaking plays an essential role in many areas in moderntheoretical physics such as the gauge theory of particle physics and the Landau-Ginzberg theory of phase transitions in condensed matter physics. Spontaneouslybroken symmetries can either be internal symmetry (such as gauge and chiralsymmetries) or spacial symmetry (such as space translation and rotation symme-tries). Shapere and Wilczek recently discovered [1] that even the time translationsymmetry can be spontaneously broken in some singular Lagrangian systems. Ina previous work [2], we showed that the spontaneous breaking of time transla-tion symmetry can also be described in Hamiltonian formalism using some non-1
55999663
An Experimental Exploration of the QCD Phase Diagram: The Search for the Critical Point and the Onset of De-confinement
The QCD phase diagram lies at the heart of what the RHIC Physics Program is
all about. While RHIC has been operating very successfully at or close to its
maximum energy for almost a decade, it has become clear that this collider can
also be operated at lower energies down to 5 GeV without extensive upgrades. An
exploration of the full region of beam energies available at the RHIC facility
is imperative. The STAR detector, due to its large uniform acceptance and
excellent particle identification capabilities, is uniquely positioned to carry
out this program in depth and detail. The first exploratory beam energy scan
(BES) run at RHIC took place in 2010 (Run 10), since several STAR upgrades,
most importantly a full barrel Time of Flight detector, are now completed which
add new capabilities important for the interesting physics at BES energies. In
this document we discuss current proposed measurements, with estimations of the
accuracy of the measurements given an assumed event count at each beam energy.
118488595
Gauss–Bonnet coupling constant as a free thermodynamical variable and the associated criticality
The thermodynamic phase space of Gauss–Bonnet (GB) AdS black holes is extended, taking the inverse of the GB coupling constant as a new thermodynamic pressure $$P_{\mathrm {GB}}$$PGB. We studied the critical behavior associated with $$P_{\mathrm {GB}}$$PGB in the extended thermodynamic phase space at fixed cosmological constant and electric charge. The result shows that when the black holes are neutral, the associated critical points can only exist in five dimensional GB-AdS black holes with spherical topology, and the corresponding critical exponents are identical to those for the Van der Waals system. For charged GB-AdS black holes, it is shown that there can be only one critical point in five dimensions (for black holes with either spherical or hyperbolic topologies), which also requires the electric charge to be bounded within some appropriate range; while in $$d>5$$d>5 dimensions, there can be up to two different critical points at the same electric charge, and the phase transition can occur only at temperatures which are not in between the two critical values.
6716887
Three-particle coincidence of the long range pseudorapidity correlation in high energy nucleus-nucleus collisions.
We report the first three-particle coincidence measurement in pseudorapidity (Δη) between a high transverse momentum (p⊥) trigger particle and two lower p⊥ associated particles within azimuth |Δϕ|<0.7 in square root of s(NN)=200 GeV d+Au and Au+Au collisions. Charge ordering properties are exploited to separate the jetlike component and the ridge (long range Δη correlation). The results indicate that the correlation of ridge particles are uniform not only with respect to the trigger particle but also between themselves event by event in our measured Δη. In addition, the production of the ridge appears to be uncorrelated to the presence of the narrow jetlike component.