2621575
Multiuser cross-layer resource allocation for video transmission over wireless networks
With the advancement of video-compression technology and the wide deployment of wireless networks, there is an increasing demand for wireless video communication services, and many design challenges remain to be overcome. In this article, we discuss how to dynamically allocate resources according to the changing environments and requirements, so as to improve the overall system performance and ensure individual quality of service (QoS). Specifically, we consider two aspects with regard to design issues: cross-layer design, which jointly optimizes resource utilization from the physical layer to the application layer, and multiuser diversity, which explores source and channel heterogeneity for different users. We study how to efficiently transmit multiple video streams, encoded by current and future video codecs, over resource-limited wireless networks such as 3G/4G cellular system and future wireless local/metropolitan area networks (WLANs/WMANs)
18637696
Forensic analysis of nonlinear collusion attacks for multimedia fingerprinting
Digital fingerprinting is a technology for tracing the distribution of multimedia content and protecting them from unauthorized redistribution. Unique identification information is embedded into each distributed copy of multimedia signal and serves as a digital fingerprint. Collusion attack is a cost-effective attack against digital fingerprinting, where colluders combine several copies with the same content but different fingerprints to remove or attenuate the original fingerprints. In this paper, we investigate the average collusion attack and several basic nonlinear collusions on independent Gaussian fingerprints, and study their effectiveness and the impact on the perceptual quality. With unbounded Gaussian fingerprints, perceivable distortion may exist in the fingerprinted copies as well as the copies after the collusion attacks. In order to remove this perceptual distortion, we introduce bounded Gaussian-like fingerprints and study their performance under collusion attacks. We also study several commonly used detection statistics and analyze their performance under collusion attacks. We further propose a preprocessing technique of the extracted fingerprints specifically for collusion scenarios to improve the detection performance.
7408654
Security evaluation for communication-friendly encryption of multimedia
This paper addresses the access control issues unique to multimedia, by using a joint signal processing and cryptographic approach to multimedia encryption. Based on three atomic encryption primitives, we present a systematic study on how to strategically integrate different atomic operations to build a video encryption system. We also propose a set of multimedia-specific security metrics to quantify the security against approximation attacks and to complement the existing notion of generic data security. The resulting system can provide superior performance to both generic encryption and its simple adaptation to video in terms of a joint consideration of security, bitrate overhead, and communication friendliness.
1384427
Classification-based spatial error concealment for images
This paper presents a new, classification-based spatial error concealment algorithm for images. The proposed scheme takes advantage of two state-of-the-art concealment schemes and adaptively selects a better suitable concealment scheme for each corrupted block. Using a support vector machine (SVM) classifier, our proposed approach outperforms the prior art in terms of the concealment quality and has moderate computational complexity.
6845274
Fingerprinting Curves
This paper presents a new method for robust data hiding in curves and highlights potential applications including digital fingerprinting of map document for trace and track purposes. We parameterize a curve using the B-spline model and add a spread spectrum sequence to the coordinates of the B-spline control points. In order to achieve robust fingerprint detection, we propose an iterative alignment-minimization algorithm to perform curve registration and deal with the non-uniqueness of B-spline control points. We show through experiments the robustness of our method against various attacks such as collusion, geometric transformations and perturbation, printing-and-scanning, and some of their combinations. We demonstrate the feasibility of our method for fingerprinting topographic maps as well as writings and drawings. The extension from hiding data in 2D topographic maps to 3D elevation data sets is also discussed.
12822689
Data hiding in curves for collusion-resistant digital fingerprinting
This paper presents a new data hiding method for curves. The proposed algorithm parameterizes a curve using the B-spline model and adds a spread spectrum sequence in the coordinates of the B-spline control points. We demonstrate through experiments the robustness of the proposed data hiding algorithm against printing-and-scanning and collusions, and show its feasibility for collusion-resistant fingerprinting of topographic maps as well as writings/drawings from pen-based input devices.
2486932
Searcher performance in question answering
There are many tasks that require information finding. Some can be largely automated, and others greatly benefit from successful interaction between system and searcher. We are interested in the task of answering questions where some synthesis of information is required-the answer would not generally be given from a single passage of a single document. We investigate whether variation in the way a list of documents is delivered affected searcher performance in the question answering task. We will show that there is a significant difference in performance using a list customized to the task type, compared with a standard web-engine list. This indicates that paying attention to the task and the searcher interaction may provide substantial improvement in task performance.
8182719
Participatory design of an orientation aid for amnesics
We present the participatory design and evaluation of an orientation aid for individuals who have anterograde amnesia. Our design team included six amnesics who have extreme difficulty storing new memories. We describe the methods we used to enable the participation of individuals with such severe cognitive impairments. Through this process, we have conceived, designed, and developed the OrientingTool, a software application for Personal Digital Assistants that can be used by amnesics to orient themselves when feeling lost or disoriented. Two complementary studies were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of this tool in ecologically valid contexts. Our findings suggest that the OrientingTool can improve an amnesic's independence and confidence in managing situations when disoriented, and that participatory design may be productively used with participants who have significant cognitive disabilities.
13570236
Research Issues in Data Warehousing
Data warehousing is a booming industry with many interesting research problems. The database research community has concentrated on only a few aspects. In this paper, We summarize the state of the art, suggest architectural extensions and identify research problems in the areas of warehouse modeling and design, data cleansing and loading, data refreshing and purging, metadata management, extensions to relational operators, alternative implementations of traditional relational operators, special index structures and query optimization with aggregates.
1682965
Generating Personal Travel Guides from Discourse Plans
This paper describes a system that delivers travel guides tailored to individual needs. It does so by integrating a discourse planner with a system for querying the web and generating synthesised web pages using document prescriptions. We show by way of example how a user model can lead to a personal travel guide, and show what this might look like in different media. We briefly describe the investigations we are undertaking to determine the utility of such approaches.
12268600
EITH - A Unifying Representation for Database Schema and Application Code in Enterprise Knowledge Extraction
The integration of heterogeneous legacy databases requires understanding of database structure and content. We previously developed a theoretical and software infrastructure to support the extraction of schema and business rule information from legacy sources, combining database reverse engineering with semantic analysis of associated application code (DRE/SA). In this paper, we present a compact formalism called EITH that unifies the representation of database schema and application code. EITH can be efficiently derived from various types of schema representations, particularly the relational model, and supports comparison of a wide variety of schema and code constructs to enable interoperation. Unlike UML or E/R diagrams, for example, EITH has compact notation, is unambiguous, and uses a small set of efficient heuristics. We show how EITH is employed in the context of SEEK, using a construction project management example. We also show how EITH can represent various structures in relational databases, and can serve as an efficient representation for E/R diagrams. This suggests that EITH can support efficient matching of more complex, hierarchical structures via indexed tree representations, without compromising the EITH design philosophy or formalism.