1422012
The Effect of Organizational/Technological Factors and the Nature of Knowledge on Knowledge Sharing
This study investigates the dynamics of a knowledge sharing effort in New York State government that involved multiple organizations, divisions, and geographically separated offices in the development of the Multi-Purpose Access for Customer Relations & Operational Support System. Using a case study approach, we address the question of how multiple organizational and technological factors — distributed leadership, alignment of issues and incentives, coordination of a number and variety of groups, trust, technology, and implementation strategy — interact with the nature of knowledge to influence the knowledge sharing process. A major contribution of this study is that it uses a multi-dimensional view of knowledge, examining the interactive impact of the nature of knowledge with multiple organizational and technological factors in public sector knowledge management research.
31337744
Information Strategies to Support Full Information Product Pricing: the Role of Trust
In this paper, we report the importance of trust in the development and operation of distribution networks that attach non-price information to products to mitigate market dynamics introduced by information asymmetries. Often this non-price information is transmitted from producers to consumers through trusting networks or under certifiable labels such as Organic or Fair Trade. We are calling such networks Full Information Product Pricing (FIPP) Networks. This study is part of a larger project aimed at understanding the characteristics of FIPP networks. This initial exploration on four cases in Canada and Latin America indicated that trust, in the forms of institutional trust, calculative trust, and relational trust, plays key roles in FIPP operations and expansion. It is critical for building collaboration, coordinating network activities, and mitigating the risks associated with information asymmetry.
15093523
Divergent approaches and converging views: drawing sensible linkages between knowledge management and organizational learning
Knowledge management (KM) and organizational learning (OL) have developed in both divergent and convergent ways. In particular, these fields have relatively distinct intellectual traditions and conditions that gave rise to disciplines, as well as a certain level of disparity in research focus and view of knowledge. For example, KM focuses more on the content of knowledge and products of managing the knowledge, while OL emphasizes the process of meaning creation, decision making, and growth of learning capability. The two literatures also reveal, however, convergences with regard to the nature of knowledge and knowledge sharing in the organizational context. Thus the two fields have started to establish a consolidated view of knowledge, in which knowledge is related to practice and situated in the historical, social, and cultural context where it is created and acquired. In addition, both fields recognize the multi-level nature of knowledge and learning and are striving to bridge the gap between individual knowledge and collective memories.
25014721
Motion segmentation of multiple translating objects from line correspondences
This paper presents an analytic approach to motion segmentation of multiple translating objects from line correspondences in three perspective views. The basic idea of our algorithm is to view the estimation of multiple translational motions as the estimation of a single, though more complex, multibody motion model that is then factored into the original models by polynomial differentiation. Experimental results on synthetic and real scenes are presented.
417004
Comparative knowledge management: A pilot study of Chinese and American universities
Comparative study of knowledge management (KM) promises to lead to more effective knowledge use in all cultural environments. This pilot study compares KM priorities, needs, tools, and administrative structure components in large Chinese and American universities. General KM theory and literature related to KM in higher education are analyzed to develop the four components of the study. Comparative differences in KM practice at large Chinese and American universities are analyzed for each component. A correlation matrix reveals statistically significant co-variation among all but one of the study components. Four conclusions related to comparative KM and suggestions for future research are presented.
1453245
Recommendation over a Heterogeneous Social Network
With the Web content having been changed from homogeneity to heterogeneity, the recommendation becomes a more challenging issue. In this paper, we have investigated the recommendation problem on a general heterogeneous Web social network. We categorize the recommendation needs on it into two main scenarios: recommendation when a person is doing a search and recommendation when the person is browsing the information. We formalize the recommendation as a ranking problem over the heterogeneous network. Moreover, we propose using a random walk model to simultaneously ranking different types of objects and propose a pair-wise learning algorithm to learn the weight of each type of relationship in the model. Experimental results on two real-world data sets show that improvements can be obtained by comparing with the baseline methods.
21312091
Optimizing the Java Piped I/O Stream Library for Performance
The overall performance of Java programs has been significantly improved since Java emerged as a mainstream programming language. However, these improvements have revealed a second tier of performance bottlenecks. In this paper, we address one of these issues: the performance of Java piped I/O stream library. We analyze commonly used data transfer patterns in which one reader thread and one writer thread communicate via Java piped I/O streams. We consider data buffering and synchronization between these two threads, as well as the thread scheduling policy used in the Java virtual machine. Based on our observations, we propose several optimization techniques that can significantly improve Java piped I/O stream performance. We use these techniques to modify the Java piped I/O stream library. We present performance results for seven example programs from the literature that use the Java piped I/O stream library. Our methods improve the performance of the programs by over a factor of 4 on average, and by a factor of 27 in the best case.
61473642
Comparative knowledge management: A pilot study of Chinese and American universities: Book Reviews
Comparative study of knowledge management (KM) promises to lead to more effective knowledge use in all cultural environments. This pilot study compares KM priorities, needs, tools, and administrative structure components in large Chinese and American universities. General KM theory and literature related to KM in higher education are analyzed to develop the four components of the study. Comparative differences in KM practice at large Chinese and American universities are analyzed for each component. A correlation matrix reveals statistically significant co-variation among all but one of the study components. Four conclusions related to comparative KM and suggestions for future research are presented. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.