36369065
Comparisons of annual modulations in MINOS with the event rate modulation in CoGeNT
The CoGeNT Collaboration has recently published results from a fifteen month data set which indicate an annual modulation in the event rate similar to what is expected from weakly interacting massive particle interactions. It has been suggested that the CoGeNT modulation may actually be caused by other annually modulating phenomena, specifically the flux of atmospheric muons underground or the radon level in the laboratory. We have compared the phase of the CoGeNT data modulation to that of the concurrent atmospheric muon and radon data collected by the MINOS experiment which occupies an adjacent experimental hall in the Soudan Underground Laboratory. The results presented are obtained by performing a shape-free χ^2 data-to-data comparison and from a simultaneous fit of the MINOS and CoGeNT data to phase-shifted sinusoidal functions. Both tests indicate that the phase of the CoGeNT modulation is inconsistent with the phases of the MINOS muon and radon modulations at the 3.0σ level.
12668582
The Pierre Auger Observatory V : Enhancements
The southern Pierre Auger Observatory was designed to detect ultrahig h energy cosmic rays above 10 eV with high accuracy exploiting a hybrid detection technique. A surface arra y of 1660 water Cherenkov detectors on a 1500 m triangular grid covers an area of 3000 km. The atmosphere above the array is viewed by 24 wide angle telescopes. These telescopes observe the faint fluorescence light of the extensive air showers at dark moonless nights, i.e. with a duty cycle of about 15 %. As an enhancement to this baseline design o f the Auger Observatory three additional telescopes with elevated field of view were built and now constitute HEAT, the h igh-elevation Auger telescopes. These telescopes are similar to the 24 other fluorescence telescopes (FD) but c an be tilted by29 degrees upward. They cover an elevation range from30 to 58 degrees above horizon to enable the unbiased detection of nearby low en ergy air showers. Especially in combination with the detector information from an infill array of w ater tanks on a750m grid close to the HEAT site the energy range of high quality hybrid air shower measuremen ts is extended down to below 10 eV. HEAT is fully commissioned and is taking data continuously since September 2009. The status and prospects of HEAT are discussed and first (preliminary) data are presented.
110729769
ATLAS pixel detector electronics and sensors
The silicon pixel tracking system for the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider is described and the performance requirements are summarized. Detailed descriptions of the pixel detector electronics and the silicon sensors are given. The design, fabrication, assembly and performance of the pixel detector modules are presented. Data obtained from test beams as well as studies using cosmic rays are also discussed.
952390
Search for flavor-changing non-standard neutrino interactions by MINOS
We report new constraints on flavor-changing non-standard neutrino interactions from the MINOS experiment, in which neutrino versus antineutrino interactions can be distinguished on an event-by-event basis. We analyzed a combined set of beam neutrino and antineutrino data from the well-understood NuMI beam, and found no evidence for deviations from standard neutrino mixing. The observed energy spectra constrain the non-standard neutrino interactions parameter to the range −0.20
29520771
Search for magnetic monopoles with the Soudan 2 detector.
A search for grand unified theory magnetic monopoles making highly ionizing tracks in argon gas has been conducted using the Soudan 2 nucleon decay detector. This underground detector is a large fine-grained tracking calorimeter comprised of long drift tubes read out by proportional wires. No monopole candidates were observed in data taken over almost three years, yielding an upper flux limit of 8.7{times}10{sup {minus}15} cm{sup {minus}2}s{sup {minus}1}sr{sup {minus}1} for monopole velocities of {beta}{gt}2{times}10{sup {minus}3}.
41110005
Ultrahigh energy cosmic ray composition from surface air shower and underground muon measurements at Soudan 2.
The Soudan 2 experiment has performed time-coincident cosmic ray air shower and underground muon measurements. Comparisons to Monte Carlo predictions show that such measurements can make statistically significant tests of the primary composition in the knee region of the cosmic ray spectrum. The results do not support any significant increase in the average primary mass with energy in the range of {similar_to}10{sup 4} TeV per nucleus. Some systematic uncertainties remain, however, particularly in the Monte Carlo modeling of the cosmic ray shower.
120819205
Subgroups of Lie groups and separation of variables
Separable systems of coordinates for the Helmholtz equation ΔdΨ =EΨ in pseudo‐Riemannian spaces of dimension d have previously been characterized algebraically in terms of sets of commuting second order symmetry operators for the operator Δd. They have also been characterized geometrically by the form that the metric ds2=gik(x)dxidxk can take. We complement these characterizations by a group theoretical one in which the second order operators are related to continuous and discrete subgroups of G, the symmetry group of Δd. For d=3 we study all separable coordinates that can be characterized in terms of the Lie algebra L of G and show that they are of eight types, seven of which are related to the subgroup structure of G. Our method clearly generalizes to the case d≳3. Although each separable system corresponds to a pair of commuting symmetry operators, there do exist pairs of commuting symmetries S1,S2 that are not associated with separable coordinates. For subgroup related operators we show in detail just...
11803447
Development of Large Area Integrated Silicon Tracking Elements for the LHC Luminosity Upgrade
A natural upgrade of the CERN LHC would be to increase the luminosity to 1035 cm-2s-1. For charged particle tracking at this Super-LHC, all-silicon systems are considered appropriate. For tracking in an upgraded ATLAS detector, outside a radius of 20 cm, large area integrated elements ("staves") containing silicon strip detectors are under design and development. Each stave would hold of order 30 individual modules and contain integrated electrical services, mechanical support, and cooling. Prototype tests of such staves are reported here including studies of noise, interference, and a comparison of power distribution by parallel and serial current flow. Mechanical design and simulation on full length staves are presented as well.
107371126
MPS Data Acquisition System
A description is given of the data acquisition system used with the multiparticle spectrometer facility at Brookhaven. Detailed information is provided on that part of the system which connects the detectors to the data handler; namely, the detector electronics, device controller, and device port optical isolator. (GHT)
121684401
Lie theory and separation of variables. 4. The groups SO(2,1) and SO(3)
Winternitz and coworkers have shown that the eigenfunction equation for the Laplacian on the hyperboloid x02−x12−x22=1 separates in nine orthogonal coordinate systems, associated with nine symmetric quadratic operators L in the enveloping algebra of SO (2,1). Corresponding to each of the operators L, we employ the standard one‐variable model for the principal series of representations of SO (2,1) and compute explicitly an L basis for the Hilbert space as well as the unitary transformations relating different bases. We also compute the associated results for realizations of these representations on the hyperboloid. Three of our bases are related to well‐known subgroup reductions of SO (2,1). Of the remaining six, one is related to Bessel functions, two to Legendre functions, and three to Lame functions. We show that there is virtually a perfect correspondence between the known theory of the Lame functions and the representation theory of SO (2,1) and SO (3).
122194846
Lie theory and the wave equation in space–time. 3. Semisubgroup coordinates
We classify and study those coordinate systems which permit R separation of variables for the wave equation in four‐dimensional space–time and such that at least one of the variables corresponds to a one‐parameter symmetry group of the wave equation. We discuss over 100 such systems and relate them to orbits of triplets of commuting operators in the enveloping algebra of the conformal group SO(4,2).