119299991
Classification of Hypercylindrical Spacetimes with Momentum Flow
For the five-dimensional spacetimes whose four-dimensional sections are static, spherically symmetric ($SO(3)$), and flat asymptotically, we study the behavior of Arnowitt-Deser-Misner mass, tension, and momentum densities characterizing such asymptotically hypercylindrical metrics under boosts along the cylindrical axis. For such stringlike metrics two boost-invariant quantities are found, which are a sort of ``string rest mass squared'' and the sum of mass and tension densities. Analogous to the case of a moving point particle, we show that the asymptotically hypercylindrical geometries can be classified into three types depending on the value of the string rest mass squared, namely, ``ordinary string'', ``null string'' and ``tachyonlike string'' geometries. This asymptotic analysis shows that the extraordinary metrics reported recently by some of the authors belong to the tachyonlike string. Consequently, it is likely that such extraordinary solutions are the final states of tachyonic matter collapse. We also report two new vacuum solutions which belong to the null string and the tachyonlike string, respectively.
15236719
Global and local D-vortices
Codimension-two objects on a system of brane-antibrane are studied in the context of Born-Infeld type effective field theory with a complex tachyon and U(1) × U(1) gauge fields. When the radial electric field is turned on in D2 ¯ D2, we find static regular global and local D-vortex solutions which could be candidates of straight cosmic D-strings in a superstring theory. A natural extension to DF-strings is briefly discussed.
17263525
ON WILSON SURFACES IN TOPOLOGICAL CHERN-SIMONS INTERACTION IN 3+1 DIMENSIONS
We comment on the regularization of the expectation values of Wilson surfaces for the bosonic string in 3+1 dimensions. We analyze the singular behaviors of propagators for the Chern-Simons action with the additional higher order terms.
119306084
An efficient representation of Euclidean gravity I
A bstractWe explore how the topology of spacetime fabric is encoded into the local structure of Riemannian metrics using the gauge theory formulation of Euclidean gravity. In part I, we provide a rigorous mathematical foundation to prove that a general Einstein manifold arises as the sum of SU(2)L Yang-Mills instantons and SU(2)R anti-instantons where SU(2)L and SU(2)R are normal subgroups of the four-dimensional Lorentz group Spin(4) = SU(2)L × SU(2)R. Our proof relies only on the general properties in four dimensions: The Lorentz group Spin(4) is isomorphic to SU(2)L × SU(2)R and the six-dimensional vector space Λ2T∗M of two-forms splits canonically into the sum of three-dimensional vector spaces of self-dual and anti-self-dual two-forms, i.e., $ {\Lambda^2}{T^{ * }}M = \Lambda_{ + }^2 \oplus \Lambda_{ - }^2 $. Consolidating these two, it turns out that the splitting of Spin(4) is deeply correlated with the decomposition of two-forms on four-manifold which occupies a central position in the theory of four-manifolds.
118255950
Classical stability of black D3-branes
We have investigated the classical stability of charged black D3-branes in the type-IIB supergravity under small perturbations. For s-wave perturbations it turns out that black D3-branes are unstable when they have small charge density. As the charge density increases for given mass density, however, the instability decreases down to zero at a certain finite value of the charge density, and then black D3-branes become stable all the way down to the extremal point. It has also been shown that such critical value at which its stability behavior changes agrees very well with the predicted one by the thermodynamic stability behavior of the corresponding black hole system through the Gubser-Mitra conjecture. Unstable mode solutions we found involve non-vanishing fluctuations of the self-dual five-form field strength. Some implications of our results are also discussed.
119196611
Extraordinary vacuum black string solutions
In addition to the boosted static solution there are two other classes of stationary stringlike solutions of the vacuum Einstein equation in (4+1) dimensions. Each class is characterized by three parameters of mass, tension, and momentum flow along the fifth coordinate. We analyze the metric properties of one of the two classes, which was previously assumed to be naked singular, and show that the solution spectrum contains black string and wormhole in addition to the known naked singularity as the momentum flow to mass ratio increases. Interestingly, there does not exist new zero momentum solution in these cases.
15138730
Reconstructing the Higgs boson in dileptonic W decays at hadron colliders
We examine the prospect to measure the Higgs boson mass using the recently introduced kinematic variable, the ${M}_{T2}$-assisted on-shell (MAOS) momentum, that provides a systematic approximation to the invisible neutrino momenta in dileptonic decays of a $W$-boson pair. For this purpose, we introduce a modified version of the MAOS momentum that is applicable even when one or both of the $W$-bosons from the Higgs decay are in off shell. It is demonstrated that the MAOS Higgs mass distribution, constructed with the MAOS neutrino momenta, shows a clear peak at the true Higgs boson mass when an event cut selecting higher value of ${M}_{T2}$ is employed. We perform the likelihood analysis for this MAOS mass distribution to determine the Higgs boson mass, and find it can improve the accuracy of the Higgs mass measurement. Our results indicate that the MAOS Higgs mass can also be useful for the discovery or exclusion of the Higgs boson in certain mass range.
125952490
The Expected Performance of the ATLAS Inner Detector
119110893
Resummation of relativistic corrections to exclusive productions of charmonia in e+e- collisions
We investigate two exclusive processes, ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\eta}}_{c}+\ensuremath{\gamma}$ and ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}J/\ensuremath{\psi}+J/\ensuremath{\psi}$, at the center-of-momentum energy $\sqrt{s}=10.58\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GeV}$ within the framework of the nonrelativistic QCD factorization approach. A class of relativistic corrections is resummed to all orders in the heavy-quark velocity $v$ and the corrections are large negative. We further improve the prediction by including available QCD next-to-leading-order corrections and the interference between the QCD and relativistic corrections. The prediction for $\ensuremath{\sigma}[{e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\eta}}_{c}+\ensuremath{\gamma}]$ is about 50 fb. In the case of ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}J/\ensuremath{\psi}+J/\ensuremath{\psi}$ the standard nonrelativistic QCD prediction for the cross section is negative. As an alternative, the vector-meson-dominance approach is employed to compute the photon-fragmentation contribution of the process, which gives the cross section $\ensuremath{\sim}1\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{fb}$. This is an indication that the uncalculated QCD higher-order corrections may be significant. Our results can be tested against the forthcoming data from Belle II and super $B$ factories.
53421865
Maximal electric dipole moments of nuclei with enhanced Schiff moments
The electric dipole moments (EDMs) of heavy nuclei, such as 199Hg, 225Ra and 211Rn, can be enhanced by the Schiff moments induced by the presence of nearby parity-doublet states. Working within the framework of the maximally CP-violating and minimally flavour-violating (MCPMFV) version of the MSSM, we discuss the maximal values that such EDMs might attain, given the existing experimental constraints on the Thallium, neutron and Mercury EDMs. The maximal EDM values of the heavy nuclei are obtained with the help of a differential-geometrical approach proposed recently that enables the maxima of new CP-violating observables to be calculated exactly in the linear approximation. In the case of 225Ra, we find that its EDM may be as large as 6 to 50 × 10−27e ∙ cm.
118547564
Minimum mass of galaxies from BEC or scalar field dark matter
Many problems of cold dark matter models such as the cusp problem and the missing satellite problem can be alleviated, if galactic halo dark matter particles are ultra-light scalar particles and in Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC), thanks to a characteristic length scale of the particles. We show that this finite length scale of the dark matter can also explain the recently observed common central mass of the Milky Way satellites ( ~ 107M⊙) independent of their luminosity, if the mass of the dark matter particle is about 10−22 eV.