15093523
Divergent approaches and converging views: drawing sensible linkages between knowledge management and organizational learning
Knowledge management (KM) and organizational learning (OL) have developed in both divergent and convergent ways. In particular, these fields have relatively distinct intellectual traditions and conditions that gave rise to disciplines, as well as a certain level of disparity in research focus and view of knowledge. For example, KM focuses more on the content of knowledge and products of managing the knowledge, while OL emphasizes the process of meaning creation, decision making, and growth of learning capability. The two literatures also reveal, however, convergences with regard to the nature of knowledge and knowledge sharing in the organizational context. Thus the two fields have started to establish a consolidated view of knowledge, in which knowledge is related to practice and situated in the historical, social, and cultural context where it is created and acquired. In addition, both fields recognize the multi-level nature of knowledge and learning and are striving to bridge the gap between individual knowledge and collective memories.
13353635
Research group on digital government in North America: developing a comparative and transnational agenda
This poster describes the second year's progress of the research group on Comparative and Transnational Digital Government in North America. This group was formed in 2007 to advance electronic government research across geographic and political boundaries in the region, with the support of the National Science Foundation Digital Government Research Program and the home institutions of the members in Canada, Mexico, and the United States. During the second year of activities, the group members joined their expertise and interests in two face-to-face meetings in Canada. During the second year of work, group members advanced research proposals and developed preliminary products on two topical areas as well as a first draft of a Research Agenda for North America. The group members will continue the discussion of this research agenda in Cholula, Mexico as part of the activities of the 10th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research (dg.o 2009).
12908572
North American digital government working group: initial steps in the development of a comparative and transnational agenda
This poster describes the first year's progress of the North American Digital Government Working Group on Comparative and Transnational Digital Government. This group was formed in 2007, with the support of the NSF Digital Government Research Program and the home institutions of the members in Canada, Mexico, and the U. S., to advance e-government research across geographic and political boundaries in the region. During the first year of activities, the group members joined their expertise and interests in two face-to-face meetings. Several intellectual products emerged from these initial interactions. The group members will continue the discussion of its research agenda in Montreal, Canada as part of the activities of the 9th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research.
5864048
The nature of knowledge and its influence on knowledge sharing practice: experiences from building the MACROS system
This study investigates how the interactive influences of the nature of knowledge and multiple organizational and technological factors - trust, leadership, incentives and issues, group size and variety, implementation strategy, and technology - facilitated and/or impeded the knowledge sharing processes. Using a case study approach, the research focuses on the modifying effects of four characteristics of knowledge- codifiability, context-embeddedness, practice-embeddedness, and dynamics- on the processes and outcomes of knowledge sharing in a case of building the multi-purpose access for customer relations & operational support (MACROS) system involving multiple organizations, divisions, and geographically separated offices. The case results suggest that modifying effects occurred along at least three dimensions- codifiability, context-embeddedness, and practice-embeddedness. The levels of codifiability appeared to dictate the implementation strategy; reduced context-embeddedness allowed for more effective group coordination; reduced context-embeddedness also enhanced trust; codified knowledge is more effective than uncodified knowledge in demonstrating concrete incentives; and technology interacts with context-embeddedness and practice-embeddedness. The results of this study have theoretical and practical implications for a larger set of problems encountered in sizable organizations. More specifically, even though the relevance of the nature of knowledge has been widely acknowledged by I. Nonaka, et. al. (2001), it is not always clear how it comes into play. This study conceptualized the nature of knowledge as a modifying variable, and the results provide a new and more comprehensive framework for investigating the relevance of the nature of knowledge in knowledge management research.
31337744
Information Strategies to Support Full Information Product Pricing: the Role of Trust
In this paper, we report the importance of trust in the development and operation of distribution networks that attach non-price information to products to mitigate market dynamics introduced by information asymmetries. Often this non-price information is transmitted from producers to consumers through trusting networks or under certifiable labels such as Organic or Fair Trade. We are calling such networks Full Information Product Pricing (FIPP) Networks. This study is part of a larger project aimed at understanding the characteristics of FIPP networks. This initial exploration on four cases in Canada and Latin America indicated that trust, in the forms of institutional trust, calculative trust, and relational trust, plays key roles in FIPP operations and expansion. It is critical for building collaboration, coordinating network activities, and mitigating the risks associated with information asymmetry.
47558503
Exploring digital government initiatives to expand Full Information Product Pricing (FIPP) networks in NAFTA
This poster describes research in progress made by the Research Group on Comparative and Transnational Digital government in North America. The main purpose of this project is to explore the impact of product labeling, information architectures and government-sponsored information policies on the expansion of the market share of organic, fair trade, and eco-friendly products in the NAFTA region. In these alternative markets, price is often complemented with information conveying the conditions under which a product is produced and distributed, which is transmitted through trusting networks or certifiable labels such as "Organic" or "Fair Trade." We call such networks Full Information Product Pricing (FIPP) Networks. The transparency of FIPP networks, enabled by the information technology and associated policy and standards, may have the potential to supplement a compliance-enforcement approach with a more market-based voluntary approach that relies on shifts in producer and consumer behavior to significantly expand the share of worker and environmentally friendly products traded. In this paper, we discuss our research focus, research plan, and results from preliminary studies.
417004
Comparative knowledge management: A pilot study of Chinese and American universities
Comparative study of knowledge management (KM) promises to lead to more effective knowledge use in all cultural environments. This pilot study compares KM priorities, needs, tools, and administrative structure components in large Chinese and American universities. General KM theory and literature related to KM in higher education are analyzed to develop the four components of the study. Comparative differences in KM practice at large Chinese and American universities are analyzed for each component. A correlation matrix reveals statistically significant co-variation among all but one of the study components. Four conclusions related to comparative KM and suggestions for future research are presented.
24760638
Performance study of Markov modulated fluid flow models with priority traffic
The steady-state performance of generic high-speed queuing system with priority traffic is studied, using the Markov modulated fluid models. the focus is on systems with traffic partitioned into two priorities according to a splitting factor alpha , so that low priority traffic can be discarded when congestion occurs. The results are used to further study issues of congestion control with priority traffic. In particular, the expected values, waiting times, variances of the buffer contents, and tail distributions are evaluated. It is found that the waiting time is more sensitive to changes of alpha than the buffer contents. This shows that for time-constrained traffic, the priority assignment is important for properly balancing the tradeoff between packet loss and delays. This model can be considered as a direct extension of the fluid-flow model to include priorities.<<ETX>>
5904664
A Novel Approach of Face Detection based on Skin Color Segmentation and PCA
Nowadays, face detection and recognition have gained importance in security and information access. In this paper, an efficient method of face detection based on skin color segmentation and principal components analysis(PCA) is proposed. Firstly, segmenting image using color model to filter candidate faces roughly; And then Eye-analogue segments at a given scale are discovered by finding regions which are darker than their neighborhoods to filter candidate faces farther; at the end, PCA method is used to extract the relevant information in human faces.
30018886
Federation Based Solution for Peer-to-Peer Network Management
Recently, Peer-to-Peer (P2P) technology has become one of the hottest topics in the research area of Internet. With a variety of P2P applications, especially those applications sharing large-size file resources among a large scale of user community, P2P brought us an even more exciting Internet life. However, P2P also made lots of troubles to network managers because of consuming too much network bandwidth sometimes. Lacking of effective management solution, some ISPs plan to block all P2P services on their network boundaries. In this paper, we propose a federation-based solution for peer-to-peer network management. By setting up a P2P federation, ISPs and P2P service providers can work together for P2P network management. From P2P federation service, ISPs can get P2P nodes information of their own network to make some control to those that disturb normal network services. At the same time, service providers of P2P may get routing information of specific ISPs to optimize the routing of P2P network itself by joining in federation. Under such scenario, it will save much cost for ISPs to detect and control P2P traffic and give up the idea of killing P2P services. Save and help to the development of P2P are the most important target of this solution.
10875367
A Survey on Use of "New Perspective English Learning System" among University Students-Case Study on Jiangxi Normal University
As an e-learning system, New Perspective English Learning System is widely used in universities and colleges in China. However, little research has been carried on directed towards its effectiveness and correctness. This paper makes a case study on Jiangxi Normal University and adopts survey research as the predominant methodology and interview as secondary method. Via data collection and analysis, it examines respectively system effectiveness from respondents' satisfaction comments on five dimensions including students situation, learning resources, support from teachers, e-learning Support Platform and learning support service. Then it suggests an urgent need to solve the existing problems and improve the function of the whole NPELS Learning Hall platform in many ways. Finally some discussion and corresponding suggestions are proposed.