31639934
New approach to background subtraction in low-energy neutrino experiments
We discuss a new method to extract neutrino signals in low-energy experiments. In this scheme the symmetric nature of most backgrounds allows for direct cancellation from data. The application of this technique to the Palo Verde reactor neutrino oscillation experiment allows us to reduce the measurement errors on the antineutrino flux from {approx}20% to {approx}10%. We expect this method to substantially improve the data quality in future low background experiments such as KamLAND and LENS. (c) 2000 The American Physical Society.
118039047
Physics of tau and charm
The physics of tau and charm started in early 70's after J/$\psi$ and $\tau$ were discovered. Since then several dedicated accelerators and experiments were built with increasing luminosities and studies on light hadron spectroscopy, charmonium, electroweak and QCD were never interupted. New interests and surprises are not rare in this area. With the newly built BEPCII/BESIII, an even brighter future is foreseen.
125677069
TUBE CHAMBERS FOR THE MUON FILTER OF THE L3 DETECTOR
56005177
Inclusive J production in Z0 decays
Abstract Inclusive J production in Z0 decays is observed via the leptonic decay mode J → l+l− (l = e,μ). We measure the branching ratio Br(Z0 → J + X) = (4.1 ± 0.7 (stat.) ± 0.3 (sys.)) × 10−3. We have calculated the fraction of the J mesons from b-hadron decay and find a branching ratio of Br(b → J + X)= (1.3±0.2(stat.)±0.2(sys.)) × 10−2. We determine the average fractional energy of bottom hadrons 〈XE > = 0.70±0.03 (stat.)+0.02−0.01 (sys.) using the momentum spectrum of the J mesons. From a study of the angle between the J and the most energetic jet, we set an upper limit on the branching ratio Br ( Z 0 → q q g ∗ ; g ∗ → J + X ) −4 at 90% confidence level.
122214277
A water Cherenkov calorimeter for long baseline neutrino oscillation experiments
Abstract We propose a water-based large homogeneous calorimeter as the next generation neutrino detector for ν factories and/or conventional ν beams. The Cherenkov light produced in water is sufficient to have good energy resolution, and the pattern recognition is realized by a modular water tank structure. Monte Carlo simulations show that the detector performance is excellent for identifying neutrino CC events while rejecting backgrounds.
18893994
The mass production and quality control of RPCs for the Daya Bay experiment
Abstract Resistive plate chambers will be used in the Daya Bay reactor neutrino experiment to help veto backgrounds created by cosmic-ray muons. The mass production of RPCs began in 2008 and by the end of 2009, 1600 RPCs (3500 m 2 ) had been produced and tested. This paper describes the production and quality control procedures, and quality assurance using cosmic-ray testing.
42340868
New limits on the ultrahigh energy cosmic neutrino flux from the ANITA experiment.
We report initial results of the first flight of the Antarctic Impulsive Transient Antenna (ANITA-1) 2006-2007 Long Duration Balloon flight, which searched for evidence of a diffuse flux of cosmic neutrinos above energies of E(nu) approximately 3 x 10(18) eV. ANITA-1 flew for 35 days looking for radio impulses due to the Askaryan effect in neutrino-induced electromagnetic showers within the Antarctic ice sheets. We report here on our initial analysis, which was performed as a blind search of the data. No neutrino candidates are seen, with no detected physics background. We set model-independent limits based on this result. Upper limits derived from our analysis rule out the highest cosmogenic neutrino models. In a background horizontal-polarization channel, we also detect six events consistent with radio impulses from ultrahigh energy extensive air showers.
14068063
Updated Constraints on the Minimal Supergravity Model
We provide an up-to-date analysis of the parameter space of the minimal supergravity model (mSUGRA). Novel features include the new central value of the top quark mass, an improved calculation of the masses of the supersymmetric particles and the neutral Higgs bosons, constraints from b→sl+l− decays, and a careful treatment of the most important experimental and theoretical uncertainties. In addition to the by now traditional plots of the allowed region in the (m0,m1/2) plane, we show allowed regions in the planes spanned by pairs of physical sparticle or Higgs boson masses. Moreover, we search for the minimal allowed masses of new particles for various sets of constraints. We find that in many cases the direct experimental limits from collider and Dark Matter searches can be saturated even in this minimal model, and even after including the by now quite restrictive constraint on the Dark Matter relic density.
41820397
Fast detection and automatic parameter estimation of a gravitational wave signal with a novel method
The detection of gravitational wave usually requires to match the measurement data with a large number of templates, which is computationally very expensive. Compressed sensing methods allow one to match the data with a small number of templates and interpolate the rest. However, the interpolation process is still computationally expensive. In this article, we designed a novel method that only requires to match the data with a few templates, yet without needing any interpolation process. The algorithm worked well for signals with relatively high SNRs. It also showed promise for low SNRs signals.
56430796
Measurements of $D^{0}$ and $D^{*}$ Production in $p$ + $p$ Collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 200 GeV
We report measurements of charmed-hadron ($D^{0}$, $D^{*}$) production cross sections at mid-rapidity in $p$ + $p$ collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 200 GeV by the STAR experiment. Charmed hadrons were reconstructed via the hadronic decays $D^{0}\rightarrow K^{-}\pi^{+}$, $D^{*+}\rightarrow D^{0}\pi^{+}\rightarrow K^{-}\pi^{+}\pi^{+}$ and their charge conjugates, covering the $p_T$ range of 0.6$-$2.0 GeV/$c$ and 2.0$-$6.0 GeV/$c$ for $D^{0}$ and $D^{*+}$, respectively. From this analysis, the charm-pair production cross section at mid-rapidity is $d\sigma/dy|_{y=0}^{c\bar{c}}$ = 170 $\pm$ 45 (stat.) $^{+38}_{-59}$ (sys.) $\mu$b. The extracted charm-pair cross section is compared to perturbative QCD calculations. The transverse momentum differential cross section is found to be consistent with the upper bound of a Fixed-Order Next-to-Leading Logarithm calculation.
119158957
DISTRIBUTION OF SATELLITE GALAXIES IN HIGH-REDSHIFT GROUPS
We use galaxy groups at redshifts between 0.4 and 1.0 selected from the Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey to study the color-morphological properties of satellite galaxies and investigate possible alignment between the distribution of the satellites and the orientation of their central galaxy. We confirm the bimodal color and morphological-type distribution for satellite galaxies at this redshift range: the red and blue classes correspond to the early and late morphological types, respectively, and the early-type satellites are on average brighter than the late-type ones. Furthermore, there is a morphological conformity between the central and satellite galaxies: the fraction of early-type satellites in groups with an early-type central is higher than those with a late-type central galaxy. This effect is stronger at smaller separations from the central galaxy. We find a marginally significant signal of alignment between the major axis of the early-type central galaxy and its satellite system, while for the late-type centrals no significant alignment signal is found. We discuss the alignment signal in the context of shape evolution of groups.