Comprehensive rehabilitation in chronic heart failure--better psycho-emotional status related to quality of life, brain natriuretic peptide concentrations, and clinical severity of disease.
PURPOSE
To evaluate the effects of a comprehensive outpatient rehabilitation program in chronic heart failure (CHF) on quality of life (QoL) in relation to emotional status and clinical severity of disease.


PATIENTS AND METHODS
25 patients with CHF were included in the 12-week comprehensive rehabilitation program. Initially, and at the end of the program, patients underwent graded cardio-pulmonary exercise testing, echocardiography, and determination of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) concentration. In addition, they were assessed using: The Minnesota Living with Health Failure Questionnaire [MLHFQ]) for disease Specific QoL, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale [HADS], and the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory [STAXI]).


RESULTS
After 12 weeks of rehabilitation improvements in NYHA class, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and peak oxygen consumption were found, while mean BNP concentrations did not change. Disease specific QoL demonstrated improvements in physical component and the total score. Relative improvement of psycho-emotional scores correlated positively with relative improvement of disease specific QoL. In patients with LVEF > or =30% at baseline, changes in BNP concentration were positively associated with both anxiety and state anger, and with the emotional component score of MLHFQ.


CONCLUSION
Improvements in disease-specific QoL were closely associated to improvements of psycho-emotional status and clinical severity of CHF.