Palaeoproterozoic (~1.89 Ga) felsic volcanism of the Iricoumé Group, Guyana Shield, South America: geochemical and Sm-Nd isotopic constraints on sources and tectonic environment
Hypabyssal and explosive volcanic rocks of the Iricoume Group crop out in the Western Erepecuru–Trombetas Domain, in the Central Amazonian Province, south of the Guyana Shield. They are part of an extensive volcano–plutonic event, which marked the central part of the Amazonian Craton during the Orosirian. These volcanic rocks, formed at approximately 1.89 Ga, consist of pyroclastic rocks (ignimbrites, rheoignimbrites, surge-related lapilli-tuff, co-ignimbrite fall tuff) and subordinate felsic hypabyssal rocks. An older episode, with an age of approximately 1.99 Ga, occurs locally and is represented by latitic lava flows and spessartitic lamprophyres. The geochemical characteristics of the Iricoume volcanic rocks suggest that they formed in a post-orogenic tectonic setting, while those of the older Orosirian magmatism suggest a subduction-related geodynamic setting. TDM model ages ranging from 2.18 to 2.39 Ga and slightly negative eNd(T) values for most of the Iricoume volcanic rocks indicate dominant Rhya...