Onabotulinumtoxin-A injection for disabling lower limb flexion in hemiplegic patients.
BACKGROUND
Hemiplegic patients with supraspinal spasticity can present with a flexor pattern at the hip and knee that hampers both passive and active functions.


OBJECTIVE
To investigate the efficacy of OnabotulinumtoxinA injections on this flexor scheme.


METHODS
This open-label observational study included eleven patients who had suffered a unilateral stroke or traumatic brain injury. All had impairment in the activities of daily living caused by severe hip and knee flexion. OnabotulinumtoxinA injections of 300-400U (total dose) were administered to the iliopsoas (iliacus) and knee flexors and, when necessary, to other muscles of the hip and knee. Evaluations were performed pre-treatment (weeks -4 to -8, and day 1) and post-treatment (week 10 and week 21): spasticity, range of motion, limb positioning, passive functions and pain.


RESULTS
A modest improvement in hip and knee extension was observed, as evidenced by the Modified Ashworth Score and range of passive extension movements. Limb positioning was also improved. Clear benefits were found on passive functioning, including toileting, dressing and bed facilities, as well as pain levels. Active functions remained unchanged. More definite improvement was found in patients with severe difficulties.


CONCLUSIONS
OnabotulinumtoxinA injection can contribute to reducing the consequences of disabling lower limb flexion.