Impact of MRD and TKI on allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation for Ph+ALL: a study from the adult ALL WG of the JSHCT
To assess the impact of minimal residual disease (MRD) and tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) administration on allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) for Ph-positive ALL (Ph+ALL), we retrospectively analyzed data from a registry database for 432 adult Ph+ALL patients in first CR (CR1) who received pre-transplant TKI administration. Negative MRD (MRD(−)) at allo-HCT was achieved in 277 patients. OS in patients transplanted in MRD(−) was significantly better than that in patients transplanted in MRD(+) (MRD(−): 67% vs MRD(+): 55% at 4 years; P=0.001). MRD(−) at allo-HCT was a significant risk factor for survival along with age at allo-HCT in multivariate analyses. Incidence of relapse in patients transplanted in MRD(−) was significantly lower than that in patients transplanted in MRD(+) (MRD(−): 19% vs MRD(+): 29% at 4 years; P=0.006). In multivariate analyses, MRD(+) at allo-HCT was a significant risk factor for relapse. A post-transplant TKI was administered to 103 patients. In subanalyses regarding the effect of post-transplant TKI administration, post-transplant TKI administration was a significant risk factor for relapse in multivariate analyses (P<0.0001). MRD status at allo-HCT is one of the most important predictive factors for Ph+ALL patients transplanted in CR1.