The running of the Universe and the quantum structure of time
Some principles underpinning the running of the Universe are discussed. The most important, the machine principle, states that the Universe is a fully autonomous, self-organizing and self-testing quantum automaton. Continuous space and time, consciousness and the semi-classical observers of quantum mechanics are all emergent phenomena not operating at the fundamental level of the machine Universe. Quantum processes define the present, the interface between the future and the past, giving a time ordering to the running of the Universe which is non-integrable except on emergent scales. A diagrammatic approach is used to discuss the quantum topology of the EPR paradox, particle decays and scattering processes. A toy model of a self-referential universe is given.