Population ecology and the new economics: guidelines for a steady-state economy.
Abstract This article is concerned with the necessity of modifying the well known classical theory of demographic transition because of recent developments, particularly in the worldwide ecological situation. It affects statements about developing as well as industrialized countries and is urgently needed in view of the dominant role transition theory plays in practice, planning and forecasting. The basic ideas of a demoecological transition theory is developed. The final part is a draft, with necessary consequences, of the new guidelines for economic action, that is alternatives and room to manoeuvre within a steady-state economy.