Studying the thermodynamics of surface reactions on nanoparticles by electrostatic titrations.
For nanoparticles coated with binary SAMs (m-SAM NPs) containing charged or ionizable molecules, the relative equilibrium constants and the difference in the free energies of absorption of the m-SAM's components can be obtained in a straightforward way by titrating such NPs with oppositely charged nanoparticle “standards” until precipitation at the point of overall electroneutrality.