Common SNPs in LEP and LEPR associated with birth weight and type 2 diabetes-related metabolic risk factors in twins
n 179 217 107 125 Birth weight (g) 2540±443 2456±488 0.11 2690±446 2572±474 0.002 Gestational age (weeks) 36.9±2.2 36.8±2.6 0.98 37.4±2.2 37.5±2.3 0.82 Age (years) 25.0±4.6 24.8±4.7 0.68 25.5±4.7 25.6±4.6 0.88 Body height (cm) 178.0±5.9 165.3±6.5 o0.0001 178.5±6.7 166.5±6.5 o0.0001 Body mass (kg) 69.3±9.1 60.2±9.9 o0.0001 70.1±10.1 60.7±10.0 o0.0001 BMI (kg/m) 21.7±1.1 21.8±1.2 0.78 21.9±1.1 21.7±1.1 0.84 Fat mass (kg) 11.3±1.5 16.7±1.3 o0.0001 12.2±1.5 16.6±1.3 o0.0001 Lean body mass (kg) 57.0±6.2 42.8±5.2 o0.0001 57.0±6.5 43.5±5.9 o0.0001 S4SF (mm) 34.9±1.5 56.2±1.4 o0.0001 34.2±1.5 52.2±1.4 o0.0001 WHR (%) 82.9±5.3 73.2±4.5 o0.0001 82.6±5.1 72.3±4.2 o0.0001 IGFBP-1 (ng ml ) 10.9±1.8 16.3±2.0 o0.0001 12.2±1.8 19.1±2.3 o0.0001 Fasting insulin (pmol l ) 32.5±1.5 37.8±1.6 0.005 31.6±1.6 40.6±1.5 o0.0001 Fasting glucose (mmol l ) 5.0±0.4 4.6±0.4 o0.0001 4.8±0.4 4.6±0.4 o0.0001 Leptin (ng ml ) 1.6±3.1 11.8±2.1 o0.0001 1.6±2.8 11.4±1.9 o0.0001 Total cholesterol (mmol l ) 4.8±1.0 5.1±0.8 0.003 5.0±1.1 5.2±1.0 0.08 LDL cholesterol (mmol l ) 3.0±0.9 2.9±0.8 0.43 3.1±1.0 2.9±0.8 0.03 HDL cholesterol (mmol l ) 1.4±0.3 1.8±0.4 o0.0001 1.4±0.4 1.9±0.4 o0.0001 Triacylglycerol (mmol l ) 0.8±1.5 0.9±1.5 0.04 0.9±1.5 0.9±1.5 0.81 NEFA (mmol l ) 0.5±0.2 0.7±0.2 o0.0001 0.5±0.2 0.7±0.2 o0.0001