Inverse associations of outdoor activity and vitamin D intake with the risk of Parkinson’s disease
Early studies had suggested that vitamin D intake was inversely associated with neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease and multiple sclerosis. However, the associations of vitamin D intake and outdoor activities with Parkinson’s disease (PD) are still unclear, so this study is to evaluate these relationships from a case-control study in elderly Chinese. The study population involved 209 cases with new onsets of PD and 210 controls without neurodegenerative diseases. The data on dietary vitamin D and outdoor activities were collected using a food-frequency questionnaire and self-report questionnaire. Multivariable logistic regressions were used to examine the associations between dietary outdoor activities, vitamin D intake and PD. Adjustment was made for sex, age, smoking, alcohol use, education, and body mass index (BMI). Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for PD in quartiles for outdoor physical activity were 1 (reference), 0.739 (0.413, 1.321), 0.501 (0.282, 0.891), and 0.437 (0.241, 0.795), respectively (P=0.002 for trend). Adjusted ORs for PD in quartiles for total vitamin D intake were 1 (reference), 0.647 (0.357, 1.170), 0.571 (0.318, 1.022), and 0.538 (0.301, 0.960), respectively (P=0.011 for trend). Our study suggested that outdoor activity and total vitamin D intake were inversely associated with PD, and outdoor activity seems to be more significantly associated with decreased risk for PD. 评估户外活动、 维生素D 的摄入与帕金森病(PD)风险关系。 收集209 例新发PD 病例和210 名无神经退行性疾病对照人群, 进行食物频率问卷调查, 计算膳食维生素D 摄入量并记录自我报告的问卷调查户外活动情况。 利用多变量Logistic 回归研究膳食维生素D 摄入及户外活动与PD 的相关性, 并校正性别、 年龄、 吸烟、 饮酒、 教育程度和身体质量指数(BMI)变量。 按户外活动时间从少到多四分位分组, 校正后的比值比(OR)(95%可信区间(CI))值分别为1(参考)、 0.739(0.413, 1.321)、 0.501(0.282, 0.891)和0.437(0.241, 0.795), 趋势P=0.002; 按维生素D 摄入量从少到多四分位分组, 校正后的OR 值分别为1(参考)、 0.647(0.357, 1.170)、 0.571(0.318, 1.022)和0.538(0.301, 0.960), 趋势P=0.011。 表明户外活动和总的维生素D 摄入量与PD 呈负相关; 户外活动可更显著下降PD 的风险相关。