54199521
Multi-Criteria Approach for Measuring Stakeholder Perception on the Impacts of Tourism Policy
Recognizing the role stakeholders have in the tourism development process, this paper focuses on assessing tourism impacts related to the tourism policy priorities from the point of view of destination stakeholders in three well-known tourism destinations in the South Bohemian Region in the Czech Republic. Its aim is to analyze stakeholder perception of tourism impacts and identify such priorities which have the greatest anticipated impacts on developing a given destination. The research is based on a mix of qualitative research approach and innovative application of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The representatives of three stakeholder groups provide the researchers with information about the importance of economic and non-economic tourism impacts and contributions of tourism policy’s strategic priorities to four categories of tourism impacts. Based on comprehensive data analysis, the researchers construct a three-level hierarchical structure mapping the importance of various tourism impacts, then sorting the priorities with respect to stakeholder preferences, and finally identifying a gap between the actual and preferred orientations of tourism policy. In such a way, the paper offers a comprehensive recipe for local governments which can be instrumental in realizing tourism policy while being able to promote the most important impacts of tourism on destination’s development from the point of view of destination stakeholders.
154255252
Residents' support for tourism development: The role of residents' place image and perceived tourism impacts
Drawing on the triple bottom line approach for tourism impacts (economic, socio-cultural and environmental) and adopting a non-forced approach for measuring residents' perception of these impacts, this study explores the role of residents' place image in shaping their support for tourism development. The tested model proposes that residents' place image affects their perceptions of tourism impacts and in turn their support for tourism development. The results stress the need for a more flexible and resident-oriented measurement of tourism impacts, revealing that more favorable perceptions of the economic, socio-cultural and environmental impacts lead to greater support. Moreover, while residents' place image has been largely neglected by tourism development studies, the findings of this study reveal its significance in shaping residents' perception of tourism impacts as well as their level of support. The practical implications of the findings for tourism planning and development are also discussed.
73553003
International Tourists’ Awareness and Attitude about Environmental Responsibility and Sustainable Practices
This study explored tourists’ attitude towards the environmental practices of hotels and tourist organizations in South Korea. Specifically this study investigated their knowledge of green hotels’ environmental programs and how this knowledge influences their decision to purchase green accommodations. This study also investigated the impact of nationality on the attitude of international tourists towards environmentally friendly practices of the hotel and tourism industry in South Korea. In order to capture public perceptions, this study used focus group interviews that can provide deeper meaning in an interactive manner. The interview session for this study included six interviews of small groups of five people in each. Three major groups of international visitors to Korea from CIS countries (such as Russia, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and Azerbaijan), the United States of America and China were included in this study. Results show that environmental awareness of the tourists is a predictor for changing their attitude and consequently their purchasing behavior. Respondents who showed a high level of awareness expressed their willingness and readiness to participate in the green practices of the hotel and tourism industries. With regard to the impact of nationality on tourists’ attitude, the results from this study do not support the findings from earlier studies. No differences were discovered in the environmental attitude of international tourists to South Korea. These findings say that it is important for hotels and tourism organizations to provide information about their environmental policies and practices in order to raise tourists’ awareness of environmental issues.
166770216
Strategic Management for Travel and Tourism
Introduction Strategy and strategic objectives for travel and tourism organizations Introduction to strategy for travel and tourism The travel and tourism organization - competences, resources and competitive advantage The travel and tourism organization - the human context Financial analysis and performance indicators The travel and tourism organization - products and markets The external environment for travel and tourism organizations - the macro context The external environment for travel and tourism organizations - the micro context SWOT Analysis Competitive strategy and strategic direction for travel and tourism organizations Strategic methods of development for travel and tourism Strategic evaluation and selection Strategic implementation for travel and tourism organizations International and global strategies for travel and tourism organizations Case studies Glossary Index.
153520108
Tourism Policy and Planning: Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow
1. Introduction 2. Tourism Policy Issues of Yesterday 3. Tourism Policy Issues for Today 4. International Tourism as a Commercial and Economic Activity 5. Political and Foreign Policy Implications of Tourism 6. Managing Sustainable Tourism 7. Barriers and Obstacles to International Travel 8. Affecting and Influencing Tourism Policy 9. The International Tourism Policy Process 10. Strategic Tourism Planning 11. Transformative Leadership, Poverty Alleviation and Tourism Policies 12. Future World Tourism Policy Issues
166584274
Tourism: Principles, Practices, Philosophies
Preface.Part One: Tourism Overview.Chapter 1: Tourism in Perspective.Introduction.What Is Tourism?Components of Tourism and Tourism Management.Basic Approaches to the Study of Tourism.Economic Importance.Benefits and Costs of Tourism.Summary.Key Concepts.Internet Sites.Internet Exercise.Questions for Review and Discussion.Case Problems.Selected References.Chapter 2: Tourism through the Ages.Introduction.Early Beginnings.Early (and Later) Tourist Attractions.Early Economic References.The First Travel Agents.Historic Transportation.Accommodations.Chronologies of Travel.Summary.About the Reading.Reading 2.1 / Some Past, Present, and Future Trends in the Travel Industry.Key Concepts.Internet Sites.Internet Exercises.Questions for Review and Discussion.Selected References.Chapter 3: Career Opportunities.Introduction.Job Forecasts.Job Requirements.Career Possibilities.Career Paths in Tourism.Internships.Other Sources of Career Information.Summary.Key Concepts.Internet Sites.Internet Exercise.Questions for Review and Discussion.Case Problems.Selected References.Part Two: How Tourism Is Organized.Chapter 4: World, National, Regional, and Other Organizations.Introduction.International Organizations.Developmental Organizations (International and National).Regional International Organizations.National Organizations.Regional Organizations.State and Community Organizations.Summary.About the Reading.Reading 4.1 / Pacific Asia Travel Association.Key Concepts.Internet Sites.Internet Exercises.Questions for Review and Discussion.Case Problems.Selected References.Chapter 5: Passenger Transportation.Introduction.The Airline Industry.The Rail Industry.The Motorcoach Industry.The Automobile.The Cruise Industry.Other Modes.Summary.About the Reading.Reading 5.1 / Australia's Olympic Park Station and Rail Link.Key Concepts.Internet Sites.Internet Exercises.Questions for Review and Discussion.Case Problems.Selected References.Chapter 6: Hospitality and Related Services.Introduction.The Lodging Industry.The Food Service Industry.Meeting Planners.Meetings and Conventions.Summary.Key Concepts.Internet Sites.Internet Exercises.Questions for Review and Discussion.Case Problems.Selected References.Chapter 7: Organizations in the Distribution Process.Introduction.Travel Agents.Internet.Consolidators.The Tour Wholesaler.Specialty Channelers.Choosing Channels.Summary.Key Concepts.Internet Sites.Internet Exercises.Questions for Review and Discussion.Case Problems.Selected References.Chapter 8: Attractions, Entertainment, Recreation, and Other.Introduction.Attractions.Gaming.Recreation.Entertainment.Festivals and Events.Shopping.Education.Publishing.Marketing and Publicity Organizations.Miscellaneous Services.Summary.About the Reading.Reading 8.1 / History of Amusement Parks.Key Concepts.Internet Sites.Internet Exercises.Questions for Review and Discussion.Case Problem.Selected References.Part Three: Understanding Travel Behavior.Chapter 9: Motivation for Pleasure Travel.Introduction.A Focus on Customers.The Need for a Theory.The Development of Motivation Models.Summary.Key Concepts.Internet Exercise.Questions for Review and Discussion.Case Problems.Selected References.Chapter 10: Cultural and International Tourism for Life's Enrichment.Introduction.Importance.Life-Seeing Tourism.The Romance of Pleasure Travel.Developmental and Promotional Measures.Anthropography (Geography of Humankind).Types of Destinations as Travel Experiences.Other Tourist Appeals.Tourism and Peace.Summary.About the Reading.Reading 10.1 / Examples of Tourism Experiences.Key Concepts.Internet Sites.Internet Exercise.Questions for Review and Discussion.Case Problems.Selected References.Chapter 11: Sociology of Tourism.Introduction.Effects on the Individual.Effects on the Family.Effects on Society.Life Characteristics and Travel.Emergence of Group Travel Patterns.Social (Subsidized) Tourism.Summary of the Principal Social Effects of Tourism.The International Tourist.Barriers to Travel.Summary.About the Reading.Reading 11.1 / Erik Cohen's Classification of International Tourists.Key Concepts.Internet Sites.Internet Exercises.Questions for Review and Discussion.Case Problems.Selected References.Part Four: Tourism Supply, Demand, Policy, Planning, and Development.Chapter 12: Tourism Components and Supply.Introduction.Supply Components.Natural Resources.Built Environment.Operating Sectors.Spirit of Hospitality and Cultural Resources.Matching Supply with Demand.Summary.Key Concepts.Internet Sites.Internet Exercises.Questions for Review and Discussion.Case Problems.Selected References.Chapter 13: Measuring and Forecasting Demand.Introduction.Why Demand Is Important.Demand to a Destination.Measuring Demand.Projection Methodology.Summary.Key Concepts.Internet Sites.Internet Exercises.Questions for Review and Discussion.Case Problems.Selected References.Chapter 14: Tourism's Economic Impact.Introduction.Tourism's Economic Impact: An International Perspective.Comparing International and Domestic Expenditures.Optimization.Economic Multipliers.More Advanced Economic Concepts Related to Tourism.Summary.Key Concepts.Internet Sites.Internet Exercises.Questions for Review and Discussion.Case Problems.Selected References.Chapter 15: Tourism Policy: Structure, Content, and Process.Introduction.Tourism Policy: A Definition.The Focus of Tourism Policy: The Competitive/Sustainable Destination.The Major Parameters of Tourism Destination Management (TDM).Tourism Policy: Structure, Content, and Process.The Process of Tourism Policy Formulation.Translating Policy into Reality.Formulating Policy to Deal with Crises.Summary.About the Reading.Reading 15.1 / Global Code of Ethics for Tourism.Key Concepts.Internet Sites.Internet Exercises.Questions for Review and Discussion.Selected References.Chapter 16: Tourism Planning, Development, and Social Considerations.Introduction.Planning for a Competitive/Sustainable Destination.The Nature of Tourism Planning.Relating Tourism Planning to Tourism Policy.Why Tourism Planning Is Necessary.The Planning Process.Goals of Tourism Development.Political Aspects of Tourism Development.Development of Tourist Potential.Summary.Key Concepts.Internet Sites.Internet Exercises.Questions for Review and Discussion.Case Problems.Selected References.Chapter 17: Tourism and the Environment.Introduction.Does Tourism Threaten the Environment? The WTTC Position.Sustainable Development.Ecotourism: Common Terms Used.2002: The International Year of Ecotourism.Current Tourism Industry Practices.A Closing Note.Summary.Key Concepts.Internet Sites.Internet Exercises.Questions for Review and Discussion.Case Problems.Selected References.part five Essentials of Tourism Research and Marketing.Chapter 18: Travel and Tourism Research.Introduction.Illustrative Uses of Travel Research.The State of the Art.The Travel Research Process.Sources of Information.Basic Research Methods.Who Does Travel Research?Travel and Tourism Research Association.Summary.Key Concepts.Internet Sites.Internet Exercise.Questions for Review and Discussion.Selected References.Chapter 19: Tourism Marketing.Introduction.Marketing Concept.The Marketing Mix.Market Segmentation.Marketing Planning: The Tourism Marketing Plan.Joint Marketing Efforts.Summary.Key Concepts.Internet Sites.Internet Exercises.Questions for Review and Discussion.Case Problem.Selected References.Part Six: Tourism Prospects.Chapter 20: Tourism's Future.Introduction.Tourism in the Third Millennium.The World of Tourism in 2020.The Nature of Future Growth.Leisure, Tourism, and Society in the Third Millennium.New Realities-New Horizons: Forces Impacting the Future of Tourism.The Tourist of the Future.The Changing Nature of Tourism Products.Summary.Key Concepts.Internet Sites.Internet Exercises.Questions for Review and Discussion.Selected References.Glossary.Index.
56357359
Marketing the competitive destination of the future.
Destination marketing is increasingly becoming extremely competitive worldwide. This paper explains the destination concept and attempts to synthesise several models for strategic marketing and management of destinations. It provides an overview of several techniques widely used and illustrates examples from around the world. The paper also explains that marketing of destinations should balance the strategic objectives of all stakeholders as well the sustainability of local resources. Destinations need to differentiate their products and develop partnerships between the public and private sector locally in order to co-ordinate delivery. Taking advantage of new technologies and the Internet also enables destinations to enhance their competitiveness by increasing their visibility, reducing costs and enhancing local co-operation. Destination marketing must lead to the optimisation of tourism impacts and the achievement of the strategic objectives for all stakeholders.
166884525
The Competitive Destination: a Sustainable Tourism Perspective
As the title of this book identifies clearly, the authors combine the concepts of competitiveness and sustainability, which some may feel are difficult to reconcile, to provide guidance to enhance the management of tourism destinations. The contents of this book are not novel for it does not contain new insights on the topics that are covered or fresh case studies. However, it is innovative in that it introduces, within the same document, competitiveness and sustainability, embellishes these concepts and uses them to develop a conceptual framework. The explication of this framework is both the objective and content of the book. The focus is upon tourism destinations. The emphasis is on places with multiple attractions and accommodation establishments but the framework has applicability to countries and larger regions; states counties and smaller places; and there is also much of utility to the individual operator. The authors are devotees of Porter whose seminal works underpin their thinking, albeit with modifications to fit tourism.
54008120
Stakeholder collaboration and heritage management.
This article examines a collaborative approach to the relationship between heritage management and tourism development in Luang Prabang, Laos. The purpose is to examine stakeholder collaboration and management roles, heritage tourism development, as well as the interdependence of the heritage conservation and tourism relationship. The research examines a UNESCO/Norwegian government project, which aiming to promote collaboration between heritage conservation and tourism through stakeholder involvement. Five aspects are explored: channels of communication between the heritage and the tourism groups, generating income for heritage conservation and management, involving the local community in decisionmaking, involving the local community in tourism activities, and an assessment of the extent and success of stakeholder collaboration.
166739809
Tourism Management: An Introduction
1. Tourism Today 2. Demand: Why Do People Engage in Tourism? 3. Transporting the Tourist I: Surface Transport 4. Transporting the Tourist II: The Aviation Sector 5. Accommodation and Hospitality Services 6. Tour Operating and Travel Retailing 7. Visitor Attractions 8. The Management of Tourism 9. The Public Sector and Tourism 10. Managing the Visitor and their Impacts 11. The Future of Tourism: Post Tourism
140150138
Tourism: A Modern Synthesis
Stephen Page, Joanne Connell, P Brunt, G Busby, Tourism: A Modern Synthesis (London: Thomson Learning, 2004), ISBN: 978 1 84480 198 5
166231834
Marketing and Managing Tourism Destinations
Part 1: Introduction to Destination Management and Marketing Concepts and Roles 1. The Concepts of Destination Management and Marketing 2. Destination Planning 3. Destination Marketing Planning 4. Destination Management Research 5. Destination Product Development 6. Destination Partnerships and Team-Building 7. Destination Community and Stakeholder Relations 8. Destination Governance and Leadership Part 2: Destination Communications and Promotion 9. Destination Branding 10. Destination Integrated Marketing Communications 11. Destination Information and Communication Technologies Part 3: Destination Markets 12. Consumer Behavior, Segmentation, and Market Trends 13. Domestic Pleasure and Leisure Travel Markets 14. International Pleasure and Leisure Travel Markets 15. Business Travel and Business Event Markets Part 4: The Future of Destination Management and Marketing 16. Future of Destination Management and Marketing
150611105
Tourism Economics: Concepts and Practices
Preface Introduction to Economics and Basic Concepts Basic Concepts on Tourism Relationship between Economics and Tourism Tourism Supply and its Properties Tourism Demands and its Properties Economical Effects of Tourism Tourism and International Competitiveness Index.
154832335
Residents' perceptions of community tourism impacts
Abstract This study investigated residents’ perceptions of tourism’s impact on communities. Data were collected via a statewide survey, using social exchange theory; results suggest residents recognize many positive and negative consequences. Those who feel tourism is important for economic development, benefit from it, and are knowledgeable about the greater positive impacts, but do not differ from others with respect to perceptions of tourism’s negative consequences. It is becoming clear that broad-based education and awareness campaigns may be a step toward increased understanding of the industry and, ultimately, greater support of the benefits to a community.
167462343
Residents׳ perceptions toward tourism development: A factor-cluster approach
Abstract The purpose of this study is to classify residents into separate groups based on their perceptions of the impacts of tourism development on their community as they relate to economic, social, cultural, environmental, and public service factors, and to identify similarities and differences among these groups. Using data collected from residents of two communities that are new to tourism development, a factor-cluster approach was utilized to identify four groups of residents. The “public service and environment focused group” was mostly concerned with the availability of amenities, facilities, and environmental issues; the “community focused group” was generally concerned with the social and cultural impacts; the “community–public service and environment focused group” comprised those individuals who considered both sets of issues; and the “inconsequential group” included individuals who did not have any specific concerns about the impacts of tourism development. A descriptive profile of each group and the significant differences among groups are provided. Based on the findings, implications for developers and policy makers are discussed.
150641029
Host attitudes toward tourism: An Improved Structural Model
Abstract Drawing from current literature, a theoretical tourism support model with a series of hypotheses was proposed. The model and the hypotheses were tested by utilizing a two-stage structural equation modeling approach. The findings of this study revealed that the host community backing for tourism development is affected directly and/or indirectly by nine determinants of residents’ support: the level of community concern, ecocentric values, utilization of tourism resource base, community attachment, the state of the local economy, economic benefits, social benefits, social costs, and cultural benefits. Further, results indicated that there are interactions among five dimensions of impacts. The proposed model explained the majority of the variance.
167628598
Residents' involvement in tourism and their perceptions of tourism impacts
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide insight into the differences in residents' attitude to tourism by considering those who receive social and economic benefits from tourism and those who perceive that they do not; and those who want to move away from the Sunshine Coast and those who do not.Design/methodology/approach – In conducting this investigation, information is collected from Sunshine Coast residents by using a survey approach. Altogether, 732 responses are received with a response rate of 14.64 per cent. Social, economic and cultural benefits are considered.Findings – The paper finds notable differences in residents' attitude according to the type of benefit they receive from tourism. Similar observations are made regarding residents who are willing to move away from the Sunshine Coast and those who are not.Research limitations/implications – Not many studies are available comparing Sunshine Coast with other major cities such as Sydney or Melbourne in Australia. Therefore, in future ...
55357977
Towards a model of the roles and activities of Destination Management Organizations
This paper represents an initial step towards a model to describe the possible activities of the destination management organization as belonging to an “external destination marketing” function or an “internal destination development” function. The external function may be seen as the typical view of these organizations. Combining the activities of this typical function with the activities of the internal destination development function results in a more complete view of the possible activities of destination management organizations. Implications for managers and researchers are discussed.
14615262
THE SOCIAL IMPACTS OF TOURISM A Case Study of Bath, UK
Abstract The purpose of this study is to identify and examine the attitudes of residents in Bath, United Kingdom, towards tourism development. This paper holds that impact research conducted on hosts’ perceptions is predominantly descriptive and lacking in a consistent approach to measurement. The primary aim here is to establish a benchmark study for the city, enabling future longitudinal and comparative analyses of host attitudes. A sample was secured from the residents, and factor and regression analyses conducted, to ascertain whether there were any underlying dimensions regarding their attitudes toward tourism development, and whether socioeconomic and demographic characteristics were useful predictors of these attitudes.
34117748
A fuzzy multi-criteria decision model for international tourist hotels location selection
Abstract The main purpose of this paper is to present a fuzzy multi-criteria decision making (FMCDM) model for international tourist hotel location selection. In this article we created 21 criteria for selecting the international tourist hotel location acquired from literatures review and practical investigations. And the methods of fuzzy set theory, linguistic value, hierarchical structure analysis, and fuzzy analytic hierarchy process are used to consolidate decision-makers’ assessments about criteria weightings. Finally, an empirical study for identifying the international tourist hotel location selection in Taiwan is conducted to demonstrate the computational process and effectiveness of FMCDM proposed by this paper.
154704917
The Evaluation of Hotel Website Functionality by Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process
ABSTRACT Although previous studies have identified different factors on hotel website functionality evaluation, the evaluation of the relative importance of these factors has not been empirically determined. This study adopted a sophisticated approach that analyzes the weights of hotel website functionality. This approach involved triangular fuzzy numbers and an analytic hierarchy process to develop a fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (AHP) model which prioritizes the relative importance of hotel website functionality criteria. First, 20 criteria for hotel website functionality evaluation were developed from a literature review and three focus group interviews. After that, a fuzzy AHP approach was used to examine the relative importance of the criteria and sub-criteria of hotel website functionality evaluation. As human judgments are often uncertain and vague, the use of fuzzy set theory, rather than exact numbers, enables us to capture decision-makers' uncertainty. Finally, the results indicated that “Reservation Information” is the most important criterion to hotel website functionality.
107062174
Models, Methods, Concepts & Applications of the Analytic Hierarchy Process
1. How to Make a Decision. 2. The Seven Pillars of the AHP. 3. Architectural Design. 4. Designing a Mousetrap. 5. Designing the Best Catamaran. 6. The Selection of a Bridge. 7. Measuring Dependence Between Activities: Input Output Application to the Sudan. 8. Technological Choice in Less Developed Countries. 9. Market Attractiveness of Developing Countries. 10. An AHP Based Approach to the Design and Evaluation of a Marketing Driven Business and Corporate Strategy. 11. New Product Pricing Strategy. 12. Incorporating Expert Judgment in Economic Forecasts - the Case of the U.S. Economy in 1992. 13. A New Macroeconomic Forecasting and Policy Evaluation Method. 14. Forecasting the Future of the Soviet Union. 15. Abortion and the States: How Will the Supreme Court Rule on the Upcoming Pennsylvania Abortion Issue. 16. The Benefits and Costs of Authorizing Riverboat Gambling. 17. The Case of the Spotted Owl vs. the Logging Industry. 18. Selection of Recycling Goal Most Likely to Succeed. 19. To Drill or Not to Drill: A Synthesis of Expert Judgments. 20. Modeling the Graduate Business School Admissions Process. 21. Infertility Decision Making. 22. The Decision by the US Congress on China's Trade Status: A Multicriteria Analysis. 23. Deciding Between Angioplasty and Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery. Index.
141697064
Strategic Decision Making: Applying the Analytic Hierarchy Process
Strategic Decision Makingprovides an effective, formal methodology that provides help with decision making problems, especially strategic ones with high stakes involving human perceptions and judgements. Focusing on applying the AHP to decision-making problems, Strategic Decision Making covers problems in the realms of business, defence and governance. Using case studies drawn from years of experience, the book discusses decision making for real life problems and includes many worked examples and solutions to problems throughout. The reader will gain comprehensive exposure to the extent of assistance that a formal methodology, such as AHP, can provide to the decision maker in evolving decisions in complex and varied domains.
154291130
Conflict and agreement in stakeholder attitudes: residents’ and hotel managers’ views of tourism impacts and forest-related tourism development
This paper probes differences in attitudes toward tourism impacts between two leading stakeholder groups in tourism, local residents and the managers of tourism facilities. It uses case study surveys of residents and managers in Belek, Antalya, Turkey. Differences in attitudes across seven main areas are investigated, including the positive and negative economic outcomes of tourism; positive and negative sociocultural impacts; negative environmental impacts; views on further tourism development, and benefits and problems related to forested land close to destinations. The results reveal that some attitudes are held in common – especially positive attitudes including tourism's benefits in creating jobs and income. Differences were mostly observed not in the direction but in the strength of opinion. The most significant differences were found in managers' beliefs that tourism's environmental and social impacts were few, while residents were extremely negative about those impacts. Differences of attitudes on the future use of forestland headed the list of all differences between managers and residents. Divergent loyalties were revealed. Managers supported their business and employers; local people supported their local area. The need for further research, including the role of perhaps distant “moral stakeholders”, and for more comprehensive understanding, and more sustainable outcomes, are highlighted.
32969945
Natural Area Tourism: Ecology, Impacts and Management
“The world we live in is an exciting place” (p. 1). That is how these three West Australian authors start their book, and their enthusiasm shows throughout the volume. Their central theme is “how to manage tourism in natural areas in a sustainable way while at the time providing tourists with a high quality experience”, and they argue that “natural area tourism is an appropriate vehicle for achieving deeper understanding of the environment in a way that other forms of tourism are not” (backcover). 
These themes are addressed in six steps. After a scene-setting introduction, Chapter 2 provides a basic introduction to ecological patterns and processes, with examples relevant to tourism. There are Australian case studies, such as the spread of dieback fungus through Stirling Range in Western Australia (Box 2.3, p. 48), but these are balanced by examples from elsewhere. Figure 2.1, for example, shows ostrich and giraffe rather than emu and kangaroo. The impact of tourists on wildlife receives special mention (pp. 72–77), with examples from Antarctica, Gibraltar, and Peru.