15792970
Brushing behavior among young adolescents: does perceived severity matter
BackgroundOral health is a basis for general health and well-being and affects physical and psychological aspects of the human life. The aim of this study was to determine the power of the health belief model in general and the role of perceived severity and its components in particular in predicting tooth brushing behavior among young adolescents.MethodsThis was a cross sectional study of a sample of female students grade four in Rasht (a metropolitan in north Iran) in 2012. A systematic random sampling method was applied to recruit students. They were asked to respond to a designed questionnaire containing items on brushing behavior based on the health belief model. In this study for the first time perceived severity and perceived barriers were divided into two parts, perceived subjective and objective severity and perceived physical and psychological barriers and were treated as independent variables. Logistic regression analysis was performed in order to identify the variables that predict the desirable behavior (brushing twice a day or more).ResultsIn all 265 female students were entered into the study. Of these, only 17.4% reported that they were brushing at least twice a day (desirable behavior). The results obtained from the logistic regression analysis indicated that perceived objective severity (OR = 0.37, 95% CI = 0.21- 0.66, P = 0.001) and feeling less perceived psychological barriers (OR = 2.60, 95% CI = 1.50- 4.52, P = 0.001) were the significant predicting factors for brushing twice a day.ConclusionThe findings suggest that perceived objective severity and perceived psychological barriers play important role in adapting a desirable health behavior among young adolescents.
19396071
The effect of health beliefs on the compliance of periodontal patients with oral hygiene instructions.
Problems of patient compliance in periodontics are evident. This study explored factors which may contribute to the degree of adherence. Using the "Health Belief Model" a questionnaire was constructed and administered to 120 patients of the Department of Periodontology, University of Frankfurt Dental School. Compliance of these patients during the hygienic phase was assessed using a bleeding index. The data set for statistical evaluation comprised 96 patients. The loss was due to missing of appointments and incomplete questionnaires. There was no significant correlation between patient compliance on the one hand and sociodemographic variables (age, sex, family status), disease parameters, and the health beliefs "susceptibility," "barriers," "dentist-patient-relationship," and "experience with therapy" on the other hand. "Motivation," "seriousness," "benefits," "experience with affected organ," and tooth-loss-index were significant predictors with Spearman correlation coefficients running from 0.17 to 0.32. When the predictor variables were combined the coefficient was 0.59. This study further supports the assumption that health beliefs play a significant role in the determination of health related behavior.
5902276
Oral health and the impact of socio-behavioural factors in a cross sectional survey of 12-year old school children in Laos
BackgroundIn recent decades low-income countries experienced an increasing trend in dental caries among children, particularly recorded in 12-year olds, which is the principal WHO indicator age group for children. This increases the risks of negative affects on children's life. Some data exist on the oral health status of children in low-income countries of Southeast Asia. However, information on how oral health is associated with socio-behavioural factors is almost not available. The aims of this study were to: assess the level of oral health of Lao 12-year-olds in urban and semi-urban settings; study the impact of poor oral health on quality of life; analyse the association between oral health and socio-behavioural factors; investigate the relation between obesity and oral health.MethodsA cross sectional study of 12-year old schoolchildren chosen by multistage random sampling in Vientiane, Lao P.D.R (hereafter Laos). The final study population comprised 621 children. The study consisted of: clinical registration of caries and periodontal status, and scores for dental trauma according to WHO; structured questionnaire; measurement of anthropometric data. Frequency distributions for bi-variate analysis and logistic regression for multivariate analysis were used for assessment of statistical association between variables.ResultsMean DMFT was 1.8 (SEM = 0.09) while caries prevalence was 56% (CI95 = 52-60). Prevalence of gingival bleeding was 99% (CI95 = 98-100) with 47% (CI95 = 45-49) of present teeth affected. Trauma was observed in 7% (CI95 = 5-9) of the children. High decay was seen in children with dental visits and frequent consumption of sweet drinks. Missed school classes, tooth ache and several impairments of daily life activities were associated with a high dD-component. No associations were found between Body Mass Index (BMI) and oral health or common risk factors. The multivariate analyses revealed high risk for caries for children with low or moderate attitude towards health, a history of dental visits and a preference for drinking sugary drinks during school hours. Low risk was found for children with good or average perception of own oral health. High risk for gingival bleeding was seen in semi-urban children and boys.ConclusionAlthough the caries level is low it causes considerable negative impact on daily life. School based health promotion should be implemented focussing on skills based learning and attitudes towards health.
46635068
Children's dental health, school performance, and psychosocial well-being.
OBJECTIVE
To assess the effects of dental health on school performance and psychosocial well-being in a nationally representative sample of children in the US.


STUDY DESIGN
We analyzed data from the 2007 National Survey of Children's Health for 40,752-41,988 children. The effects of dental problems and maternal-rated dental health on school performance and psychosocial well-being outcomes were evaluated using regression models adjusting for demographic, socioeconomic, and health characteristics.


RESULTS
Dental problems were significantly associated with reductions in school performance and psychosocial well-being. Children with dental problems were more likely to have problems at school (OR = 1.52; 95% CI: 1.37-1.72) and to miss school (OR = 1.42; 95% CI: 1.23-1.64) and were less likely to do all required homework (OR = 0.76; 95% CI: 0.68-0.85). Dental problems were associated with shyness, unhappiness, feeling of worthlessness, and reduced friendliness. The effects of dental problems on unhappiness and feeling of worthlessness were largest for adolescents between 15 and 17 years.


CONCLUSION
Preventing and treating dental problems and improving dental health may benefit child academic achievement and cognitive and psychosocial development.
205223469
Update on disparities in oral health and access to dental care for America's children.
This contribution updates federal survey findings on children's oral health and dental care since release of Oral Health in America: A Report of the Surgeon General in 2000. Dental caries experience continued at high levels, impacting 40% of all children aged 2 to 11 years, with greater disease and untreated disease burden borne by poor and low-income children and racial/ethnic minorities. Caries rates increased for young children (to 28% of 2- to 5-year-olds in the period 1999-2004) and remained flat for most other ages. The total volume of caries and untreated caries increased as the numbers of children increased. The proportion of US children with a dental visit increased modestly (from 42% to 45% between 1996 and 2004), with the greatest increases occurring among children newly covered by the State Children's Health Insurance Program (SCHIP). Disparities in dental visits continued to be evidenced by age, family income, race/ethnicity, and caregiver education. Parental reports of children's oral health and dental care parallel these findings and also reveal higher unmet dental needs among children with special health care needs. Racial- and income-based disparities in both oral health and dental care continue into adolescence and young adulthood. These disparities can, as in the past, be expected to exacerbate under the forces of growing income disparities and demographic trends.
18268733
Why people use health services.
Aims of the Paper 
The principal aims of this paper are (1) to increase professional health workers’ knowledge of selected research findings and theory so that they may better understand why and under what conditions people take action to prevent, detect and diagnose disease; and (2) to increase awareness among qualified behavioral scientists about the kinds of behavioral research opportunities and needs that exist in public health. 
 
A matter of personal philosophy of the author is that the goal of understanding and predicting behavior should appropriately precede the goal of attempting to persuade people to modify their health practices, even though behavior can sometimes be changed in a planned way without clear understanding of its original causes. Efforts to modify behavior will ultimately be more successful if they grow out of an understanding of causal processes. Accordingly, primary attention will here be given to an effort to understand why people behave as they do. Only then will brief consideration be given to problems of how to persuade people to use health services.
21186287
Health promotion in nursing practice.
Sat, 08 Dec 2018 13:29:00 GMT health promotion in nursing practice pdf Health.gov is your portal for health related resources and news from the US government. Find prevention topics, dietary and physical activity guidelines, and other ... Fri, 07 Dec 2018 15:32:00 GMT Home of the Office of Disease Prevention and Health ... OJIN is a peer-reviewed, online publication that addresses current topics affecting nursing practice, research, education, and the wider health care sector. Fri, 07 Dec 2018 14:34:00 GMT Evolving Public Health Nursing Roles: Focus on Community ... Canadian Standards for Psychiatric-Mental Health Nursing 4th Edition March 2014 Standards of Practice Canadian Federation of Mental Health Nurses â€¢ www.cfmhn.ca Sat, 08 Dec 2018 23:30:00 GMT Canadian Standards for Psychiatric-Mental Health Nursing Occupational health nursing is a specialty nursing practice that provides for and delivers health and safety programs and services to workers, worker populations, and ... Sat, 08 Dec 2018 11:56:00 GMT Occupational health nursing Wikipedia Public health nursing, a term coined by Lillian Wald of the Henry Street Settlement, or community health nursing, is a nursing specialty focused on public health. Sun, 09 Dec 2018 20:23:00 GMT Public health nursing Wikipedia Please enable JavaScript to view the page content. Your support ID is: 5566722575273648376. Sun, 09 Dec 2018 09:53:00 GMT www.ecu.edu Search Department of Public Health Search the current Agency with a Keyword Filtered Topic Search Sat, 19 May 2018 18:48:00 GMT Connecticut Department of Public Health (DPH) 2 Ms Charmaine Redding Team Leader, Workforce Development Unit, Statewide and Mental Health Services, Department of Health and Human Services, Tasmania Sun, 09 Dec 2018 11:47:00 GMT National practice standards for the mental health ... Learn how CDCâ€TMs chronic disease prevention system combines data, health care, and communities to support healthy choices. Sat, 08 Dec 2018 15:30:00 GMT National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health ... RepoRT ReCommeNdATIoNs 5 Recommendation 6: ensure that nurses engage in lifelong learning. Accrediting bod-ies, schools of nursing, health care organizations, and ... Sat, 08 Dec 2018 14:33:00 GMT The Future of Nursing National-Academies.org Journal of Nursing and Health Studies aims to publish scientific articles in any discipline of medicine in Spanish languages. Sat, 08 Dec 2018 12:24:00 GMT Nursing and Health Studies iMedPub Epidemiology for Advanced Nursing Practice guides graduate level nursing students to understand the basic concepts of epidemiology and gain and apply statistical ... Sun, 09 Dec 2018 15:08:00 GMT Epidemiology for Advanced Nursing Practice The Florida Department of Health recognizes December 2-8, 2018 as National Influenza Vaccination Week. The department along with the Centers for Disease Control and ... Sat, 08 Dec 2018 11:48:00 GMT Florida Department of Health Welcome to the home page of the Department of Health (Health). Health is part of the Northern Ireland Executive. Thu, 06 Dec 2018 21:52:00 GMT Home | Department of Health Practice Placements. Practice placements are an integral part of the curriculum in the Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing. The majority of practice settings ... Sun, 09 Dec 2018 12:30:00 GMT Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing Western University Figure 1. Vision and mission for nursing, Calgary Health Region Our vision for nursing: Excellent healthcare through professional nursing practice. Fri, 07 Dec 2018 19:56:00 GMT Professional
12097428
The role of self-efficacy in dental patients' brushing and flossing: testing an extended Health Belief Model.
OBJECTIVE
In an effort to examine the decreasing oral health trend of Australian dental patients, the Health Belief Model (HBM) was utilised to understand the beliefs underlying brushing and flossing self-care. The HBM states that perception of severity and susceptibility to inaction and an estimate of the barriers and benefits of behavioural performance influence people's health behaviours. Self-efficacy, confidence in one's ability to perform oral self-care, was also examined.


METHODS
In dental waiting rooms, a community sample (N=92) of dental patients completed a questionnaire assessing HBM variables and self-efficacy, as well as their performance of the oral hygiene behaviours of brushing and flossing.


RESULTS
Partial support only was found for the HBM with barriers emerging as the sole HBM factor influencing brushing and flossing behaviours. Self-efficacy significantly predicted both oral hygiene behaviours also.


CONCLUSION
Support was found for the control factors, specifically a consideration of barriers and self-efficacy, in the context of understanding dental patients' oral hygiene decisions.


PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS
Dental professionals should encourage patients' self-confidence to brush and floss at recommended levels and discuss strategies that combat barriers to performance, rather than emphasising the risks of inaction or the benefits of oral self-care.
25184981
Determinants of oral health behaviors among high school students in Shahrekord, Iran based on Health Promotion Model.
PURPOSE
This paper reports on predictors of students' oral health behaviors, using variables based on the Health Promotion Model in an attempt to identify influential variables that may be addressed through intervention efforts.


METHODS
A non-probability sample of 300 high school students was recruited from 4 high schools in Shahrekord City, Iran. The study took place between January and March of 2008. Appropriate instruments were used to measure the variables of interest. The statistical analysis of the data included bivariate correlations, t-test, one-way ANOVA and linear regression.


RESULTS
The cognition variables - perceived self-efficacy, perceived benefits, perceived barriers and activity-related affects, and commitment to a plan of Oral health behaviors, were significantly related to oral health behaviors among the respondents. A negative association was found between oral health behaviors and perceived barriers. Interpersonal influences, such as modeling and norms, and situational influences were found to be significantly related to increased oral health behaviors. All of the Health Promotion Model variables were statistically significant predictors of oral health behaviors, and accounted for 65.1% of the variation.


CONCLUSION
Promotion of interpersonal modeling and the students' perceived self-efficacy should be priorities of any programs aimed at promoting oral health behaviors among students. It is also concluded that the Health Promotion Model may be used in developing countries, like Iran, as a framework for planning intervention programs in an attempt to improve the oral health behaviors of students.
43313514
Self-efficacy and Oral Hygiene Beliefs about Toothbrushing in Dental Patients: A Model-guided Study
Building on previous research on psychosocial variables associated with oral hygiene behavior, this study examined the ability of Health Belief Model variables (perceived benefits, barriers, susceptibility, severity) and self-efficacy beliefs about toothbrushing to inform prevalence of dental caries and toothbrushing frequency. To accomplish this goal, a sample of 125 dental patients completed self-report questionnaires and provided data on demographic and behavioral factors. A path analysis model with manifest variables was tested. Oral hygiene beliefs emerged as a multidimensional construct. Results suggested that stronger self-efficacy beliefs (β = .81) and greater perceived severity of oral diseases (β = .18) were related to increased toothbrushing frequency, which in turn was associated with better oral health status, as indicated by the total number of decayed, missing, and filled teeth due to dental caries (β = –.39). Possible strategies for improving oral health are discussed.
15697203
Determining Liverpool adolescents' beliefs and attitudes in relation to oral health.
Poor oral health is an important public health issue. Adolescents represent a challenging group in terms of oral health because they have vulnerable permanent teeth erupting at a time when they are establishing their independence from parental influence. Preventing oral disease by attempting to influence the behaviours that impact adversely on oral health requires an understanding of the attitudes and beliefs that underpin those behaviours. Very few studies have investigated adolescents' attitudes and beliefs in relation to dental issues. This study aimed to examine the attitudes and beliefs of adolescents towards dentistry and oral disease in order to inform future health promotion interventions. Data were collected through focus groups involving 22 13- to 14-year olds from selected secondary schools in Liverpool. A thematic analysis was applied to the data. The themes identified illustrated the attitudes and beliefs of adolescents in relation to oral health and demonstrated how adolescents justify and personally operationalize these attitudes and beliefs. A need to encourage this group to take action to perform oral health behaviours was demonstrated.
24592535
Oral health behaviour of Iranian mothers and their 9-year-old children.
PURPOSE
The present study examined associations between the oral health behaviour (OHB) of Iranian mothers and the OHB and oral health status of their children.


MATERIALS AND METHODS
In 2005, two self-administered questionnaires provided data on the OHB of a random sample of 9-year-old children (n = 459) and their mothers in Tehran, Iran. Brushing frequency, use of fluoridated toothpaste and number of sugary snacks between meals served as oral self-care (OSC) assessment criteria for both. A clinical examination was performed for children at school. DMFT/dmft values, the restoration index (RI) and the unmet treatment needs index (UTN) facilitated an assessment of children's dental status and treatment. Chi-square test, bivariate correlation, and binary logistic regression model were employed in these analyses.


RESULTS
Mother's OSC correlated with child's OSC (r = 0.18; p < 0.01). The reported children's brushing frequency correlated with mothers' brushing frequency (r = 0.2; p < 0.01). High maternal OSC levels were associated with lower dental treatment (DT) values in children (p < 0.01). Children's RI was positively and UTN negatively associated with mothers' OSC (p < 0.01). In the model, mothers' OSC (OR = 2.1) and female gender (OR = 2.1) were associated with children's OSC, while mothers' OSC was strongly associated with DT (OR = 11.0) and RI (OR = 34.0) in children.


CONCLUSIONS
Higher OSC levels of the surveyed mothers were reflected positively in the oral health status and behaviour of their offspring. The potential of mothers to play a significant role in the oral health of their children should be kept in mind when developing oral health promotion programmes.
142914883
The Human Odyssey: Life-Span Development
Integrating developmental principles into a lifespan perspective, this chronologically organized text presents theory, up-to-date research, issues, and applications. It covers all aspects of human development. This text encourages students to develop critical thinking skills through features examining issues such as day care, health care, and surrogate parenting.