Kyrgyzstan (, "Qırğızstan", قىرعىزستان, (); , "Kirgizija"), officially the Kyrgyz Republic (, "Qırğız Respublikası", قىرعىز رەسپۇبلىکاسى; "Kyrgyzskaja Respublika"), formerly known as Kirghizia or Kirgizia, is a country in Central Asia. Kyrgyzstan is a landlocked country with mountainous terrain. It is bordered by Kazakhstan to the north, Uzbekistan to the west and southwest, Tajikistan to the southwest and China to the east. Its capital and largest city is Bishkek. 

Kyrgyzstan's recorded history spans over 2,000 years, encompassing a variety of cultures and empires. Although geographically isolated by its highly mountainous terrain, which has helped preserve its ancient culture, Kyrgyzstan has been at the crossroads of several great civilizations as part of the Silk Road and other commercial and cultural routes. Though long inhabited by a succession of independent tribes and clans, Kyrgyzstan has periodically fallen under foreign domination and attained sovereignty as a nation-state only after the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991. 

Since independence, Kyrgyzstan has officially been a unitary parliamentary republic, although it continues to endure ethnic conflicts, revolts, economic troubles, transitional governments and political conflict. Kyrgyzstan is a member of the Commonwealth of Independent States, the Eurasian Economic Union, the Collective Security Treaty Organization, the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation, the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, the Turkic Council, the TÜRKSOY community and the United Nations.
How long is Kyrgyzstan's documented history?
What is it officially?
What is it formerly known as?
Where is it located?
Is it landlocked?
With what type of terrain?
What is it bordered by in the north?
What is to the west?
What direction is China to it?
What is it's capital?
Is that also the largest city?
What type of republic is it?
What is it a member of?
What else?
What has helped preserve it's ancient culture?
Has it ever fallen under foreign domination?
When did it attain sovereignty as a nation-state?
After what?
What types of things does it still endure?
What has it been at the crossroads of?
over 2,000 years
 over 2,000 years
the Kyrgyz Republic
the Kyrgyz Republic
Kirghizia or Kirgizia
Kirghizia or Kirgizia
in Central Asia
 in Central Asia
yes
 Kyrgyzstan is a landlocked
mountainous terrain
 with mountainous terrain
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan to the north
Uzbekistan
Uzbekistan 
the southwest
the southwest 
Bishkek
Its capital and largest city is Bishkek
yes
 and largest city 
a unitary parliamentary republic
 a unitary parliamentary republic
the Commonwealth of Independent States,
the Commonwealth of Independent States,
the Eurasian Economic Union, the Collective Security Treaty Organization, the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation, the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, the Turkic Council, the TÜRKSOY community and the United Nation
 the Eurasian Economic Union, the Collective Security Treaty Organization, the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation, the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, the Turkic Council, the TÜRKSOY community and the United Nation
its highly mountainous terrain,
its highly mountainous terrain,
yes
Kyrgyzstan has periodically fallen under foreign dominatio
in 1991
 in 1991
after the breakup of the Soviet Union
after the breakup of the Soviet Union
ethnic conflicts, revolts, economic troubles, transitional governments and political conflic
 ethnic conflicts, revolts, economic troubles, transitional governments and political conflic
several great civilizations as part of the Silk Road
several great civilizations as part of the Silk Road 