New Guinea (; ; ; or, historically, "") is a large island in Oceania. It is the world's second-largest island, after Greenland, covering a land area of , and the largest wholly or partly within the Southern Hemisphere and Oceania (if excluding Australia as an island). 

The island is divided between two countries: Papua New Guinea to the east, and Indonesia to the west. 

The island has been known by various names: 

The name "Papua" was used to refer to parts of the island before contact with the West. Its etymology is unclear; one theory states that it is from Tidore, the language used by the Sultanate of Tidore, which controlled parts of the island's coastal region. The name came from "papo" (to unite) and "ua" (negation), which means "not united" or, "territory that geographically is far away (and thus not united)". 

Ploeg reports that the word "papua" is often said to derive from the Malay word "papua" or "pua-pua", meaning "frizzly-haired", referring to the highly curly hair of the inhabitants of these areas. Another possibility, put forward by Sollewijn Gelpke in 1993, is that it comes from the Biak phrase "sup i papwa" which means 'the land below [the sunset]' and refers to the islands west of the Bird's Head, as far as Halmahera. Whatever its origin, the name "Papua" came to be associated with this area, and more especially with Halmahera, which was known to the Portuguese by this name during the era of their colonization in this part of the world.
What is this story about?
What is that?
Where?
What country is it in?
Is New Guinea the only name?
What is one?
What language is that?
What  words is it derived from?
What does papo mean?
What does ua mean?
What does the word mean when you put the two together?
Why is it called that?
In 1993 who speculated on a different translation?
What did he come up with?
What phrase?
What does that mean?
What does it refer to?
As far as where?
Who associated it with Halmahera?
When
New Guinea
New Guinea
an island
 a large island
in Oceania
in Oceania
Papua New Guinea and Indonesia
Papua New Guinea to the east, and Indonesia to the west.
no
"Papua" 
"Papua
"Papua
Tidore
Tidore
"papo" and "ua"
"papo" (to unite) and "ua" (negation)
to unite
to unite
negation
negation
not united
not united
it is territory that geographically is far away
territory that geographically is far away
Sollewijn Gelpke
 Sollewijn Gelpke
The idea that the name comes from a Biak phrase
Another possibility, put forward by Sollewijn Gelpke in 1993, is that it comes from the Biak phrase
sup i papwa
sup i papwa
the land below
the land below
the islands west of the Bird's Head
 the islands west of the Bird's Head
Halmahera
 Halmahera
the Portuguese
 the Portuguese
during the era of their colonization
 during the era of their colonization