Ecuador, officially the Republic of Ecuador (, which literally translates as "Republic of the Equator"; ), is a representative democratic republic in northwestern South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, Peru on the east and south, and the Pacific Ocean to the west. Ecuador also includes the Galápagos Islands in the Pacific, about west of the mainland. 

What is now Ecuador was home to a variety of Amerindian groups that were gradually incorporated into the Inca Empire during the 15th century. The territory was colonized by Spain during the 16th century, achieving independence in 1820 as part of Gran Colombia, from which it emerged as its own sovereign state in 1830. The legacy of both empires is reflected in Ecuador's ethnically diverse population, with most of its /1e6 round 1 million people being mestizos, followed by large minorities of European, Amerindian, and African descendants. 

Spanish is the official language and is spoken by a majority of the population, though 13 Amerindian languages are also recognized, including Quichua and Shuar. The capital city is Quito, while the largest city is Guayaquil. In reflection of the country's rich cultural heritage, the historical center of Quito was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1978. Cuenca, the third-largest city, was also declared a World Heritage Site in 1999 as an outstanding example of a planned, inland Spanish-style colonial city in the Americas.
What is the official language of Ecuador?
How many different languages are recognized?
What is the capital?
Is it the largest city?
What is?
What declaration was made about it?
When was Ecuador colonized?
By who?
When was independence achieved?
What happened in 1830?
Is it diversely populated?
What ethnicity is the majority population?
What is its official name?
What does it mean?
Are any islands a part of it?
Which ones?
What is the third largest city?
What was it declared?
When?
What is it an example of?
Spanish
Spanish is the official language
13
hough 13 Amerindian languages are also recognized
Quito
The capital city is Quito
No
The capital city is Quito, while the largest city is Guayaquil
Guayaquil
the largest city is Guayaquil
declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site
the historical center of Quito was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1978
the 16th century
The territory was colonized by Spain during the 16th century,
Spain
he territory was colonized by Spain during the 16th century,
1820
achieving independence in 1820
emerged as its own sovereign state
from which it emerged as its own sovereign state in 1830
Yes
The legacy of both empires is reflected in Ecuador's ethnically diverse population
mestizos
most of its /1e6 round 1 million people being mestizos
Republic of Ecuador
cuador, officially the Republic of Ecuador 
Republic of the Equator
Ecuador, officially the Republic of Ecuador (, which literally translates as "Republic of the Equator
Yes
Ecuador also includes the Galápagos Islands in the Pacific
Galápagos Islands
 Ecuador also includes the Galápagos Islands in the Pacific
Cuenca
Cuenca, the third-largest city
a World Heritage Site
 Cuenca, the third-largest city, was also declared a World Heritage Site in 1999
1999
Cuenca, the third-largest city, was also declared a World Heritage Site in 1999
a planned, inland Spanish-style colonial city
Cuenca, the third-largest city, was also declared a World Heritage Site in 1999 as an outstanding example of a planned, inland Spanish-style colonial city in the Americas