The Canada 2011 Census is a detailed enumeration of the Canadian population on May 10, 2011. Statistics Canada, an agency of the Canadian government, conducts a nationwide census every five years. In 2011, it consisted of a mandatory short form census questionnaire and an inaugural National Household Survey (NHS), a voluntary survey which replaced the mandatory long form census questionnaire; this substitution was the focus of much controversy. Completion of the (short form) census is mandatory for all Canadians, and those who do not complete it may face penalties ranging from fines to prison sentences. 

The Statistics Act mandates a Senate and/or House of Commons (joint) committee review of the opt-in clause (for the release of one's census records after 92 years) by 2014. 

The 2011 Census is the fifteenth decennial census and is required by section 8 of the "Constitution Act, 1867". As with other decennial censuses, the data was used to adjust federal electoral district boundaries. 

As of August 24, 2011, Canada's overall collection response rate was 98.1%, up over a percentage point from 96.5% in the 2006 Census. Ontario and Prince Edward Island each hold the highest response rate at 98.3%, while Nunavut holds the lowest response rate at 92.7%.
What do all Canadian citizens have to fill out?
Which form?
Is there a consequence for not doing it?
What is it?
What percent of the people actually did it?
What year was that?
Is that better than previous years/
By how much?
From when?
What area has the worst rate?
Is there a tie for first?
Between who?
Do they still have a long form?
What do they have instead?
Is it required?
How often is the census done/
What act requires it?
What year did that take effect?
Which section is it in?
the Census
In 2011, it consisted of a mandatory short form census 
the short form
the (short form) 
yes
those who do not complete it may face penalties ranging from fines to prison sentences.
from fines to prison sentences
 from fines to prison sentences. 
98.1%
Canada's overall collection response rate was 98.1%
2011
 2011, Canada's overall collection response rate was 98.1%
yes
 up over a percentage point from 96.5% in the 2006 Census
up over a percentage point
, up over a percentage point
2006
up over a percentage point from 96.5% in the 2006 Census.
Nunavut does
 Nunavut holds the lowest response rate at 92.7%.
yes
Ontario and Prince Edward Island each hold the highest response rate at 98.3%
Ontario and Prince Edward Island
Ontario and Prince Edward Island each hold the highest response rate at 98.3%
no
National Household Survey (NHS), a voluntary survey which replaced the mandatory long form census questionnaire
a National Household Survey (NHS)
an inaugural National Household Survey (NHS), a voluntary survey which replaced the mandatory long form 
no
a voluntary survey which replaced the mandatory long
every five years
a nationwide census every five years.
the Constitution Act
of the "Constitution Act, 1867"
1867
"Constitution Act, 1867"
section 8
section 8 of the "Constitution Act, 1867"