From burning to buying – creating a circular production chain out of left-over crop residue from Indian farm land Air pollution and smog pose a significant concern in the urban areas of India. This concern arises due to the widespread burning of agricultural crop residues, including paddy straw, bamboo, and sugarcane. This project brings together various stakeholders who have expressed the ambition to transform agricultural waste into resources through developing circular production value chains. The results of this project are three viable business cases for processing crop residues, including a description of stakeholders committed to playing a role in these circular value chains. These stakeholders involve Dutch, local, and international businesses and the broader local agricultural community. On a larger scale, this project contributes to reducing air pollution and smog in India and preventing soil degradation and deforestation. It also aims to create additional income for Indian farmers and local rural communities.