When a Roman juror took an oath, he held a stone in his hand and swore: If I knowingly deceive, while he saves the city and citadel, may [the god] Jupiter cast me away from all that is good, as I do this stone. Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological, and Ecclesiastical Literature, by John McClintock and James Strong, Volume VII, page 260.
উদাহৰণস্বৰূপে, প্ৰাচীন সময়ত গ্ৰীকসকলে আকাশলৈ হাত বঢ়াই বা এটা বেদীত ধৰি শপত খাইছিল ।