There is a wealth of sources detailing the history, socio-political environment and cultural practices of ancient Tamilakam, including volumes of literature and epigraphy.

Tamilakam's history is split into three periods; prehistoric, classical (see Sangam period) and medieval. A vast array of literary, epigraphical and inscribed sources from around the world provide insight into the socio-political and cultural occurrences in the Tamil nation. 

Tamil was once the richest language found in world. It had many grammar literatures before two thousand years. In the ancient india, sanskrit and tamil flourished. In the mean time , by western influence sanskrit disappeared. Tamil still prevails as the main language of dravidians.

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