On 1 February 2020, Pakistan named their squad for the Test match in Rawalpindi. Bilal Asif and Faheem Ashraf were recalled to the team, with Kashif Bhatti and Usman Shinwari being left out. Later the same day, Bangladesh also confirmed their squad for the first Test. Mustafizur Rahman was omitted from Bangladesh's squad due to poor performance, with Tamim Iqbal being recalled, after missing the series against India following the birth of his child. A day after the squads were named, Tamim Iqbal scored a triple century in the 2019–20 Bangladesh Cricket League, finishing with 334 not out, the highest score in first-class cricket by a Bangladeshi batsman. The Bangladesh team arrived in Rawalpindi on 5 February 2020. Bangladesh last played a Test match in Pakistan in September 2003. The same day, the ICC appointed the match officials for the first Test, with Nigel Llong and Chris Gaffaney named as the on-field umpires.

Pakistan won the toss and elected to field. Saif Hassan made his Test match debut for Bangladesh, but was dismissed for a duck. Bangladesh were dismissed for 233 runs late on day one, with Mohammad Mithun top-scoring with 66 runs and Pakistan's Shaheen Afridi taking four wickets. In reply, Shan Masood and Babar Azam each scored centuries for the hosts. Pakistan finished day two with a lead of 109 runs, before bad light ended play early. Pakistan were bowled out just after lunch on day three for 445 runs, giving them a lead of 212. At the age of 16 years and 359 days, Pakistan's Naseem Shah became the youngest bowler to take a hat-trick in Test cricket. He dismissed Najmul Hossain Shanto, Taijul Islam and Mahmudullah in successive deliveries in the 41st over of Bangladesh's second innings. Bangladesh ended day three on 126 for the loss of six wickets, 86 runs behind Pakistan's first innings total. Bangladesh were bowled out before lunch on the fourth day, losing the match by an innings and 44 runs, with Yasir Shah and Naseem Shah taking four wickets each. Naseem Shah was named as the player of the match, with five wickets in the game, including a hat-trick.

Post-match, Pakistan's captain Azhar Ali praised his fast bowlers saying that "the current Pakistani Test team should be led by its fast bowlers". He also praised wicket-keeper's Mohammad Rizwan use of the review system, saying that they were proud of our reviews, after not being too good with them in the past. He also gave credit to the home pitches, and their higher scoring rate compare to playing in the UAE, saying that "the more runs you have under your belt, the higher your confidence is". In contrast, Bangladesh's captain Mominul Haque reflected on the team's poor batting, especially the low total made in the first innings on a flat wicket. He went on to say that the team should take inspiration from the Bangladesh under-19 team, who won the 2020 Under-19 Cricket World Cup the previous day. He said that the U19 team had "really fought back on the ground and we should learn from them".

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