 
According to the 2011 census Sambalpur district has a population of 1,044,410, roughly equal to the nation of Cyprus or the US state of Rhode Island. This gives it a ranking of 433rd in India (out of a total of 640). The district has a population density of . Its population growth rate over the decade 2001–2011 was 11.63%.Sambalpur has a sex ratio of 973 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 76.91%.

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