Rudra is used both as a name of Shiva and collectively ("the Rudras") as the name for the Maruts. Gavin Flood characterizes the Maruts as "storm gods", associated with the atmosphere. They are a group of gods, supposed to be either eleven or thirty-three in number. The number of Maruts varies from two to sixty (three times sixty in RV 8.96.8.).
The Rudras are sometimes referred to as "the sons of Rudra". Rudra is referred to as "Father of the Maruts" in RV 2.33.1.

Rudra is mentioned along with a litany of other deities in RV 7.40.5. Here is the reference to Rudra, whose name appears as one of many gods who are called upon:
This "", the leader of the rite, and the royal "Mitra" and "Aryaman", uphold my acts, and the divine unopposed "Aditi", earnestly invoked: may they convey us safe beyond evil.

I propitiate with oblations the ramifications () of that divine attainable ', the showerer of benefits. "Rudra", bestow upon us the magnificence of his nature. The ' have come down to our dwelling abounding with (sacrificial) food.
One scholiast interpretation of the Sanskrit word ', meaning "ramifications" or "branches", is that all other deities are, as it were branches of Vishnu, but Ralph T. H. Griffith cites Ludwig as saying "This... gives no satisfactory interpretation" and cites other views which suggest that the text is corrupt at that point.

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