Question: The thermosphere is the layer of the Earth's atmosphere directly above the mesosphere. The exosphere is above that but is a minor layer of the atmosphere. Within this layer of the atmosphere, ultraviolet radiation causes photoionization / photodissociation of molecules, creating ions in the ionosphere. The radiative properties of UV rays cause an imbalance of positive and negative energy, creating ions. Taking its name from the Greek θερμός (pronounced thermos) meaning heat, the thermosphere begins about 85 kilometres (53 mi) above the Earth. At these high altitudes, the residual atmospheric gases sort into strata according to molecular mass (see turbosphere). Thermospheric temperatures increase with altitude due to absorption of highly energetic solar radiation. Temperatures are highly dependent on solar activity, and can rise to 2,000 ° C (3,630 ° F). Radiation causes the atmosphere particles in this layer to become electrically charged (see ionosphere), enabling radio waves to be refracted and thus be received beyond the horizon. In the exosphere, beginning at 500 to 1,000 kilometres (310 to 620 mi) above the Earth's surface, the atmosphere turns into space, although by the criteria set for the definition of the Kármán line, the thermosphere itself is part of space.

The source of heating in the thermosphere is the absorption of?
Answer: To answer the question, consider the following: Thermospheric temperatures increase with altitude due to absorption of highly energetic solar radiation. The answer is highly energetic solar radiation.

Question: Passage: Rafael Nadal holds the record for the most singles titles with 32 since the Masters series began in 1990. Nadal and Djokovic together held all 9 Masters 1000 crowns starting with the 2013 Monte Carlo title through the 2014 Miami title, which was the first time that 2 players possessed all nine of the titles. The Bryan Brothers have won a record 38 doubles titles, all as a team. No player has ever won all 9 singles titles in his career, with Novak Djokovic winning 8, and Rafael Nadal, Andre Agassi, Roger Federer and Andy Murray each winning 7. In doubles, however, Daniel Nestor and the Bryan Brothers (Bob and Mike) have each won all 9 titles throughout their careers. Djokovic holds the record for 6 singles titles in a year (2015). Additionally, Djokovic and Nadal are the only two players to win four singles titles in a row and Nadal is the only person to complete the feat in the same calendar year when he won Madrid, Rome, Canada, and Cincinnati in 2013. In doubles, the Bryans have won 6 titles in a single year once (2014) and 5 titles in a single year twice (2007 and 2013).

Question: Based on this passage, who has the most atp masters 1000 titles?
Answer: The relevant information is: Rafael Nadal holds the record for the most singles titles with 32 since the Masters series began in 1990. The answer is Rafael Nadal.

Question: Three discoveries challenged this foundation of magnetism, though. First, in 1819, Hans Christian Ørsted discovered that an electric current generates a magnetic field encircling it. Then in 1820, André-Marie Ampère showed that parallel wires having currents in the same direction attract one another. Finally, Jean-Baptiste Biot and Félix Savart discovered the Biot -- Savart law in 1820, which correctly predicts the magnetic field around any current-carrying wire.

Answer this question based on the passage: who discovered the magnetic field of electric current?
Answer: The important part for answering this question is: First, in 1819, Hans Christian Ørsted discovered that an electric current generates a magnetic field encircling it. The answer is Hans Christian Ørsted.

Question: For the first game in the medal round, the United States played the Soviets. Finishing the first period tied at 2 -- 2, and the Soviets leading 3 -- 2 following the second, the U.S. team scored two more goals to take their first lead during the third and final period, winning the game 4 -- 3 in a major upset against the Cold War rival. Following the game, the U.S. went on to clinch the gold medal by beating Finland in their final match of the tournament. Likewise, the Soviet Union took the silver medal by beating Sweden.

Who won the hockey game between united states and russia?
Answer:

Show your work and conclude with the exact phrasing "Therefore, the final answer is [answer]." where [answer] is just the final number or expression that solves the problem.
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To answer this question, we should know that: Finishing the first period tied at 2 -- 2, and the Soviets leading 3 -- 2 following the second, the U.S. team scored two more goals to take their first lead during the third and final period, winning the game 4 -- 3 in a major upset against the Cold War rival. The answer is the U.S. team.