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tokens: We thank the XMM-Newton and HST teams, in particular Project Scientist N. Schartel and STScI director M. Mountain, for the approval and prompt scheduling of our DD requests. We are also grateful to James Guillochon and Ryan Chornock for valuable discussions. D.R.P. is grateful for valuable discussions with Sjoert van Velzen and Nick Stone. S.B.C. thanks the Aspen Center for Physics and NSF Grant #1066293 for hospitality during the preparation of this manuscript. K.L.P. acknowledges support from the UK Space Agency. Support for this work was provided by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) through Chandra Award Number GO3–14107X issued by the Chandra X-ray Observatory Center, which is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for and on behalf of NASA under contract NAS8-03060. D.R.P. and S.B.C. also acknowledge support from HST grant GO-13611-006 A. The work of A.V.F. was made possible by NSF grant AST-1211916, the TABASGO Foundation, and the Christopher R. Redlich Fund. A.V.F. and S.B.C. also acknowledge the support of Gary and Cynthia Bengier. Finally, we would like to thank the referee for his/her careful comments and suggestions. The scientific results reported in this article are based in part on observations made by the Chandra X-ray Observatory, NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope , obtained from the Data Archive at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-26555, and XMM-Newton , an ESA science mission with instruments and contributions directly funded by ESA Member States and NASA. Some of the data presented herein were obtained at the W. M. Keck Observatory, which is operated as a scientific partnership among the California Institute of Technology, the University of California, and NASA; the observatory was made possible by the generous financial support of the W. M. Keck Foundation. Also, observations were obtained at the Gemini Observatory, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under a cooperative agreement with the NSF on behalf of the Gemini partnership: the National Science Foundation (United States), the National Research Council (Canada), CONICYT (Chile), the Australian Research Council (Australia), Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação (Brazil), and Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Productiva (Argentina). Also, based on observations made with ESO Telescopes at the La Silla or Paranal Observatories. We acknowledge the use of public data from the Swift data archive. Facilities: Swift (XRT), XMM (EPIC), Chandra (ACIS), VLT (FORS2, HAWK-I, XSHOOTER), Keck (LRIS), Gemini:South (GMOS-S), HST (WFC3, ACS), VLBA