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tokens: The authors would like to thank the anonymous referee and the AAS statistics consultant for valuable and detailed comments that significantly improved the quality of this paper. We thank Bruno S. Alessi and Eric Bubar for sharing data. We thank Noé Aubin-Cadot, Joel Kastner, Thierry Bazier-Matte, Simon Gélinas, Jean-François Désilets and Brendan Bowler for useful comments, as well as the anonymous referee of Gagné et al. ( 2015b ), who suggested the inclusion of a parallax motion correction in the BANYAN tools. This research made use of: the SIMBAD database and VizieR catalog access tool, operated at the Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg, France (Ochsenbein et al. 2000 ); data products from the Two Micron All Sky Survey ( 2MASS ; Skrutskie et al. 2006 ), which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center (IPAC)/California Institute of Technology (Caltech), funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the National Science Foundation (Skrutskie et al. 2006 ); data products from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer ( WISE ; and Wright et al. 2010 ), which is a joint project of the University of California, Los Angeles, and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL)/Caltech, funded by NASA. This project was developed in part at the 2017 Heidelberg Gaia Sprint, hosted by the Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Heidelberg. This work has made use of data from the European Space Agency (ESA) mission Gaia ( http://www.cosmos.esa.int/gaia ), processed by the Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium (DPAC, http://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/gaia/dpac/consortium ). Funding for the DPAC has been provided by national institutions, in particular the institutions participating in the Gaia Multilateral Agreement. Part of this research was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Caltech, under a contract with NASA. BGM simulations were executed on computers from the Utinam Institute of the Université de Franche-Comté supported by the Région de Franche-Comté and Institut des Sciences de l’Univers (INSU). J.G. designed BANYAN Σ, compiled the bona fide members, wrote the IDL codes, wrote the manuscript, generated figures and led all analyses; E.E.M. shared parts of the young association literature data, characteristics and bona fide members, and provided general comments; O.R.L. wrote the initial Python translation of BANYAN Σ; L.M., A.R., and D.R. performed the BANYAN I, LACEwING and convergent point tool calculations used in Section 8 , respectively; A.R. also provided help with the bona fide members compilation; D.L. and J.K.F. shared ideas and comments; L.P. shared ideas and provided comments especially for the ROC curves analysis; A.R. performed custom Besançon Galactic simulations and wrote the second pagraph of Section 6 ; and R.D. shared comments and supervized O.R.L. Software: BANYAN Σ (this paper), LACEwING (Riedel et al. 2017b ), BANYAN II (Gagné et al. 2014 ), BANYAN I (Malo et al. 2013 ), the convergent point tool (Rodriguez et al. 2011 ), Notability by Ginger Labs, Sublime Text.