tokens: Acknowledgements We thank the anonymous referee for the helpful and constructive comments. The results presented in this paper expand one chapter of PC's PhD thesis. We thank Michael Brown, Casey Papovich, and Ray Sharples for their constructive feedback and suggestions. This work was performed on the gSTAR national facility at Swinburne University of Technology. gSTAR is funded by Swinburne and the Australian Governments Education Investment Fund. We thank the Swinburne supercomputing and Information Technology teams for their support. We would like to thank Bianca Maria Poggianti and Alessia Moretti for providing us with the latest versions of the WINGS catalogues. We also thank Boris Häußler for providing the latest up to date scripts for galaxy image simulations. We thank Julie B. Nantais for providing updated redshift catalogues for the cluster RDCS J1252.9−2927. We thank Yara Jaffé for providing suggestions and stimulating discussions on the use of the EDisCS and WINGS data. PC acknowledges the support provided by FONDECYT postdoctoral research grant no. 3160375, by a Swinburne Chancellor Research Scholarship and an AAO PhD Scholarship. WJC gratefully acknowledges the financial support of an Australian Research Council Discovery Project grant throughout the course of this work. RD gratefully acknowledges the support provided by the BASAL Center for Astrophysics and Associated Technologies (CATA), and by FONDECYT grant no. 1130528. The data in this paper were based in part on observations obtained at the ESO Paranal Observatory (ESO programme 084.A-0214). Based on observations obtained at the Gemini Observatory, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under a cooperative agreement with the NSF on behalf of the Gemini partnership: the National Science Foundation (United States), the National Research Council (Canada), CONICYT (Chile), Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Productiva (Argentina), and Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação (Brazil). Based on observations made with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope , obtained from the data archive at the Space Telescope Science Institute. STScI is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc. under NASA contract NAS 5-26555. These observations are associated with Program ID 12051. Based on data obtained from the ESO Science Archive Facility (Program ID 073.A-0737(A)). Part of the data presented herein were obtained at the W.M. Keck Observatory, which is operated as a scientific partnership among the California Institute of Technology, the University of California and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The Observatory was made possible by the generous financial support of the W.M. Keck Foundation. The authors wish to recognize and acknowledge the very significant cultural role and reverence that the summit of Mauna Kea has always had within the indigenous Hawaiian community. We are most fortunate to have the opportunity to conduct observations from this mountain.
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