tokens: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The authors are grateful to the referee Alessandro Sonnenfeld for the thorough and helpful comments. CEP thanks Leon Doddema, Martin Vogelaar, and Ewout Helmich for help and support. CEP, CT, GV, and LVEK are supported through an NWO-VICI grant (project number 639.043.308). CT also acknowledges funding from the INAF PRIN-SKA 2017 program 1.05.01.88.04. SC has been financially supported by a grant (project number 614.001.206) from the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO). GVK acknowledges financial support from the Netherlands Research School for Astronomy (NOVA) and Target. Target is supported by Samenwerkingsverband Noord Nederland, European fund for regional development, Dutch Ministry of economic affairs, Pieken in de Delta, Provinces of Groningen and Drenthe. NRN acknowledges financial support from the European Union Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement no. 721463 to the SUNDIAL ITN network. This work is supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft in the framework of the TR33 ‘The Dark Universe’. MB is supported by the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research, NWO, through grant number 614.001.451 and by the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education through grant DIR/WK/2018/12. BG acknowledges support from the European Research Council under grant number 647112. JTAdJ is supported by the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) through grant 621.016.402. CH acknowledges support from the European Research Council under grant number 647112. KK acknowledges support by the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation. CS has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie actions grant agreement No 664931. This work is based on data products from observations made with ESO Telescopes at the La Silla Paranal Observatory under programme IDs 177.A-3016, 177.A-3017, and 177.A-3018, and on data products produced by Target/OmegaCEN, INAF-OACN, INAF-OAPD, and the KiDS production team, on behalf of the KiDS consortium. OmegaCEN and the KiDS production team acknowledge support by NOVA and NWO-M grants. Members of INAF-OAPD and INAF-OACN also acknowledge the support from the Department of Physics and Astronomy of the University of Padova, and of the Department of Physics of University of Federico II (Naples). GAMA is a joint European–Australasian project based around a spectroscopic campaign using the Anglo-Australian Telescope. The GAMA input catalogue is based on data taken from the SDSS and the UKIDSS. Complementary imaging of the GAMA regions is being obtained by a number of independent survey programmes including GALEX MIS, VST KiDS, VISTA VIKING, WISE, Herschel -ATLAS, GMRT, and ASKAP, providing ultraviolet to radio coverage. GAMA is funded by the STFC (UK), the ARC (Australia), the AAO, and the participating institutions. The GAMA website is www.gama-survey.org . Funding for the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the US Department of Energy Office of Science, and the Participating Institutions. SDSS acknowledges support and resources from the Center for High-Performance Computing at the University of Utah. The SDSS web site is www.sdss.org . SDSS is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions of the SDSS Collaboration including the Brazilian Participation Group, the Carnegie Institution for Science, Carnegie Mellon University, the Chilean Participation Group, the French Participation Group, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, The Johns Hopkins University, Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (IPMU)/University of Tokyo, the Korean Participation Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Leibniz Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP), Max-Planck-Institut fur Astronomie (MPIA Heidelberg), Max-Planck-Institut fur Astrophysik (MPA Garching), Max-Planck-Institut fur Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE), National Astronomical Observatories of China, New Mexico State University, New York University, University of Notre Dame, Observatorio Nacional/MCTI, The Ohio State University, Pennsylvania State University, Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, United Kingdom Participation Group, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, University of Arizona, University of Colorado Boulder, University of Oxford, University of Portsmouth, University of Utah, University of Virginia, University of Washington, University of Wisconsin, Vanderbilt University, and Yale University. The topcat (Taylor 2005 ) and stilts (Taylor 2006 ) software have been extensively used in this project. Author Contributions: all authors contributed to the development and writing of this paper. The authorship list is given in three groups: the lead authors (CEP, CT, GV, LVEK, GVK), followed by two alphabetical groups. The first alphabetical group includes those who are key contributors to both the scientific analysis and the data products. The second group covers those who have either made a significant contribution to the data products, or to the scientific analysis.
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