 The way we watch and discover movies has changed. We have Netflix, Hulu, and just about everything right at our fingertips. But like everything online, there's an algorithm telling us what it thinks we want to watch. You know, our personalization learns from what you watch, how long you watch it, how quickly, how quickly do you go to the next episode. And while that can be helpful, it also restricts us to watching the same kinds of movies. But there was a time before the algorithm, when your movie selection was based on spontaneity and word of mouth. And for most of us, that experience came from Blockbuster. Nobody has the movie I want. In 1994, Viacom acquired Blockbuster for $8.4 billion. And by 2004, Blockbuster had over 9,000 stores across the world. Now, in the US, there's only one. We went to Bend, Oregon to see what we lost when algorithms replaced human curation, and how a small town became home to the last Blockbuster in America. So we are in Bend, Oregon. We're going to a big box retailer to watch the general manager handpick DVDs for the store so that people can rent them later from Blockbuster. She has to go to the store because Blockbuster corporate doesn't exist anymore. There's nobody sending them DVDs. So full disclosure, we called the big box store before shooting here to get a location release. But out of concern for the Blockbuster manager, Sandy, the store didn't want to sign. Because technically, what she's doing here goes against the retailer's policy. Up is probably the most popular one that I've bought in here. We sell that one a lot and rent it a ton. Wolf of Wall Street, very popular. Leonardo DiCaprio, yes, Lord of the Rings. Always. We sell this one constantly and rent it out all the time. Sandy Harding is the general manager of Blockbuster, where she's been working for the last 10 years. She knows what movies her customers want, and she can even identify a lot of them just by their voice when they call the store. She uses a service in Portland that sends them about 80% of their videos, and she shops for the rest every Tuesday morning. You get the new ones online. It's the classic stuff that people can't always find. So they come in to see us because they know they can get it. Sandy is basically doing what Netflix does, knowing what her customers want to rent and serving that to more people. I mean, that's business. But in the case of this store, there's a specific community in mind which makes the whole thing more personal. Oh shit, there it is. I never thought I would see that sign again. It smells the same. It absolutely smells the same. Oh wow. I haven't seen any of these things, any of these cases or any of these movies before. It has been so long since I've been in a DVD rental place like this is. There's just so much stuff. There's a place for both. There's a place for Netflix and Hulu and Amazon, and there's a place for this. And I think that we finally found that comfortable spot. And so I think that people are starting to realize that coming in here, picking up a movie, walking around, talking about movies is something that people miss. It's hard to find spaces where the point is discovering things or the point is being around people who like the same things as you. The employees of this store care about movies, and more importantly, they care about sharing them with people. I mean, just look at the section of employee picks. It's updated regularly. Prometheus is a really cool sci-fi movie. It's actually based on the Alien series. Another one, Requiem for a Dream, is great. The employee showing me around the store is Sandy's son, Ryan. This is actually completely edited on a software that's totally free for anybody, which is DaVinci Resolve. As we move toward these digital spaces, we lose the expertise of people like Ryan. You can walk down the aisle and have a movie jump out at you, or you can ask someone for a recommendation. You definitely walk in and you will be looking along the shelf, and then next thing you know, you see something that might catch your eye. It's not something that's just right on the screen. My kids can wander around, and a lot of times, they're picking out movies that wouldn't be as popular as others. Sometimes I come in and I just want to, I feel like seeing a movie, and I don't know what it's going to be. And sometimes I walk out of here with like five totally different genres. I was surprised to learn that we were the last one. So while they are the last blockbuster in the US, there was a time when they were an independent video store before they were consumed by the corporate chain. We converted in 2000 to Blockbuster. They made us an offer we couldn't refuse. We were in here being Pacific Video, being very happy, and they came to town and said, well, we need more Blockbusters in this town, and we'd like you to convert. And if you don't, we're going to put a couple more Blockbusters in. Ken Tischer is the owner of this store, and has been since it was Pacific Video back in the 90s. Bend is a great movie town. Always has been. People were amazed when we had four stores. The population was only about 50, 55,000, and they said there is no way that that town can support that many stores, and yet it did. Bend is located three hours outside of Portland, and it's small. It seems like everything is five minutes away. The people here really care about their art. Downtown you'll find literally dozens of shops touting locally made products. There's a yearly film festival, and outside of that there are three theaters, two of which are independent, that show features and shorts year round. It's a town that takes pride in its craft and its community. It's a really interesting town in that, you know, it's relatively small, but people have such a love for the art form that all of us, including Bend Film, are able to do pretty well. That's Todd Luby, who runs Bend's film festival. It's celebrating its 15th anniversary this October. I think the curation aspect is super important. Like, you know, in a lot of indie movies that say came out in the 90s, there'll be the video store guy, I mean, like the Kevin Smith surrogate, who's the guy at the video store who's, you know, telling people what movies to get, curating own sections of the movies they love and want people to watch. So people are gravitating towards that experience, some kind of curation, someone who they trust to tell them what to see. People here really value these face-to-face interactions. It's the same with Sandy. The employees of the big box retailers around town know her, and so they let her buy DVDs from the store, even though they're not really supposed to. It's easy to see how this town is home to the last blockbuster. But most of us don't live in Bend, and while there are local video stores across the country, we need new ways to discover movies that are more accessible, because most of us don't live near video stores either. But there are some companies thinking about that kind of accessibility, and they even handpick videos you can watch online. Where we come from is a place of knowledge and passion, choosing films that we think are interesting and vital and important, versus data that makes assumptions about, well, this was popular, so this should be popular too, or you like this, so maybe you like that. To us, that has no human quality at all. Daniel Kasman is the director of content at MUBI, a video streaming service that uses human curation to select its movie catalog. What we may see now is just an increasing amount of channels. So Disney is about to launch their streaming service, Netflix is promoting their original content, Hulu has their original content. But I think more valuable are this sort of channel idea that it's more specialized. When you look at something like Shudder, which is a channel specifically dedicated to horror films, it's much more focused in terms of the programming that it offers. Curation, I feel like, always needs to exist hand-in-hand with a venue, whether you're talking about a physical venue like a theater, Cinematheque, or an online venue like MUBI or Hulu or Netflix. Going forward, I think technology can leave us somewhere in the middle, somewhere between Netflix and the video store. But right now, streaming services seem to be more focused on improving their algorithms than diversifying your movie palette. The internet should have made discovery easier, and maybe it did early on, but over time, the open web has become much more closed into apps and feeds. Admittedly, this blockbuster and a lot of other video stores still partly exist because of nostalgia. And sure, that'll bring Instagramers and news teams to cover them as an oddity. But that nostalgia isn't what's going to keep this store in business. It's the loyal customer base that the employees here have cultivated over the years. This blockbuster is a product and a part of the community here in Bend. And while we currently live in a world driven by algorithms, maybe we can find a way to bring a little of that onto the web.
 The way we watch and discover movies has changed.
 We have Netflix, Hulu, and just about everything
 right at our fingertips.
 But like everything online, there's an algorithm
 telling us what it thinks we want to watch.
 You know, our personalization learns from what you watch,
 how long you watch it, how quickly,
 how quickly do you go to the next episode.
 And while that can be helpful, it also restricts us
 to watching the same kinds of movies.
 But there was a time before the algorithm,
 when your movie selection was based on spontaneity
 and word of mouth.
 And for most of us, that experience came from Blockbuster.
 Nobody has the movie I want.
 In 1994, Viacom acquired Blockbuster for $8.4 billion.
 And by 2004, Blockbuster had over 9,000 stores
 across the world.
 Now, in the US, there's only one.
 We went to Bend, Oregon to see what we lost
 when algorithms replaced human curation,
 and how a small town became home
 to the last Blockbuster in America.
 So we are in Bend, Oregon.
 We're going to a big box retailer
 to watch the general manager handpick DVDs for the store
 so that people can rent them later from Blockbuster.
 She has to go to the store because Blockbuster corporate
 doesn't exist anymore.
 There's nobody sending them DVDs.
 So full disclosure, we called the big box store
 before shooting here to get a location release.
 But out of concern for the Blockbuster manager, Sandy,
 the store didn't want to sign.
 Because technically, what she's doing here
 goes against the retailer's policy.
 Up is probably the most popular one that I've bought in here.
 We sell that one a lot and rent it a ton.
 Wolf of Wall Street, very popular.
 Leonardo DiCaprio, yes, Lord of the Rings.
 Always.
 We sell this one constantly and rent it out all the time.
 Sandy Harding is the general manager of Blockbuster,
 where she's been working for the last 10 years.
 She knows what movies her customers want,
 and she can even identify a lot of them
 just by their voice when they call the store.
 She uses a service in Portland that sends them
 about 80% of their videos, and she shops for the rest
 every Tuesday morning.
 You get the new ones online.
 It's the classic stuff that people can't always find.
 So they come in to see us because they know they can get it.
 Sandy is basically doing what Netflix does,
 knowing what her customers want to rent
 and serving that to more people.
 I mean, that's business.
 But in the case of this store, there's
 a specific community in mind which makes
 the whole thing more personal.
 Oh shit, there it is.
 I never thought I would see that sign again.
 It smells the same.
 It absolutely smells the same.
 Oh wow.
 I haven't seen any of these things, any of these cases
 or any of these movies before.
 It has been so long since I've been in a DVD rental place
 like this is.
 There's just so much stuff.
 There's a place for both.
 There's a place for Netflix and Hulu and Amazon,
 and there's a place for this.
 And I think that we finally found that comfortable spot.
 And so I think that people are starting to realize that
 coming in here, picking up a movie, walking around,
 talking about movies is something that people miss.
 It's hard to find spaces where the point is discovering things
 or the point is being around people who like the same things
 as you.
 The employees of this store care about movies,
 and more importantly, they care about sharing them with people.
 I mean, just look at the section of employee picks.
 It's updated regularly.
 Prometheus is a really cool sci-fi movie.
 It's actually based on the Alien series.
 Another one, Requiem for a Dream, is great.
 The employee showing me around the store is Sandy's son, Ryan.
 This is actually completely edited on a software that's totally free for anybody,
 which is DaVinci Resolve.
 As we move toward these digital spaces,
 we lose the expertise of people like Ryan.
 You can walk down the aisle and have a movie jump out at you,
 or you can ask someone for a recommendation.
 You definitely walk in and you will be looking along the shelf,
 and then next thing you know, you see something that might catch your eye.
 It's not something that's just right on the screen.
 My kids can wander around, and a lot of times,
 they're picking out movies that wouldn't be as popular as others.
 Sometimes I come in and I just want to, I feel like seeing a movie,
 and I don't know what it's going to be.
 And sometimes I walk out of here with like five totally different genres.
 I was surprised to learn that we were the last one.
 So while they are the last blockbuster in the US,
 there was a time when they were an independent video store
 before they were consumed by the corporate chain.
 We converted in 2000 to Blockbuster.
 They made us an offer we couldn't refuse.
 We were in here being Pacific Video, being very happy,
 and they came to town and said,
 well, we need more Blockbusters in this town,
 and we'd like you to convert.
 And if you don't, we're going to put a couple more Blockbusters in.
 Ken Tischer is the owner of this store,
 and has been since it was Pacific Video back in the 90s.
 Bend is a great movie town.
 Always has been.
 People were amazed when we had four stores.
 The population was only about 50, 55,000,
 and they said there is no way that that town can support that many stores,
 and yet it did.
 Bend is located three hours outside of Portland, and it's small.
 It seems like everything is five minutes away.
 The people here really care about their art.
 Downtown you'll find literally dozens of shops touting locally made products.
 There's a yearly film festival,
 and outside of that there are three theaters,
 two of which are independent,
 that show features and shorts year round.
 It's a town that takes pride in its craft and its community.
 It's a really interesting town in that, you know, it's relatively small,
 but people have such a love for the art form
 that all of us, including Bend Film, are able to do pretty well.
 That's Todd Luby, who runs Bend's film festival.
 It's celebrating its 15th anniversary this October.
 I think the curation aspect is super important.
 Like, you know, in a lot of indie movies that say came out in the 90s,
 there'll be the video store guy, I mean, like the Kevin Smith surrogate,
 who's the guy at the video store who's, you know, telling people what movies to get,
 curating own sections of the movies they love and want people to watch.
 So people are gravitating towards that experience,
 some kind of curation, someone who they trust to tell them what to see.
 People here really value these face-to-face interactions.
 It's the same with Sandy.
 The employees of the big box retailers around town know her,
 and so they let her buy DVDs from the store,
 even though they're not really supposed to.
 It's easy to see how this town is home to the last blockbuster.
 But most of us don't live in Bend,
 and while there are local video stores across the country,
 we need new ways to discover movies that are more accessible,
 because most of us don't live near video stores either.
 But there are some companies thinking about that kind of accessibility,
 and they even handpick videos you can watch online.
 Where we come from is a place of knowledge and passion,
 choosing films that we think are interesting and vital and important,
 versus data that makes assumptions about,
 well, this was popular, so this should be popular too,
 or you like this, so maybe you like that.
 To us, that has no human quality at all.
 Daniel Kasman is the director of content at MUBI,
 a video streaming service that uses human curation to select its movie catalog.
 What we may see now is just an increasing amount of channels.
 So Disney is about to launch their streaming service,
 Netflix is promoting their original content,
 Hulu has their original content.
 But I think more valuable are this sort of channel idea
 that it's more specialized.
 When you look at something like Shudder,
 which is a channel specifically dedicated to horror films,
 it's much more focused in terms of the programming that it offers.
 Curation, I feel like, always needs to exist hand-in-hand with a venue,
 whether you're talking about a physical venue like a theater,
 Cinematheque, or an online venue like MUBI or Hulu or Netflix.
 Going forward, I think technology can leave us somewhere in the middle,
 somewhere between Netflix and the video store.
 But right now, streaming services seem to be more focused
 on improving their algorithms than diversifying your movie palette.
 The internet should have made discovery easier,
 and maybe it did early on, but over time,
 the open web has become much more closed into apps and feeds.
 Admittedly, this blockbuster and a lot of other video stores
 still partly exist because of nostalgia.
 And sure, that'll bring Instagramers and news teams
 to cover them as an oddity.
 But that nostalgia isn't what's going to keep this store in business.
 It's the loyal customer base that the employees here
 have cultivated over the years.
 This blockbuster is a product and a part of the community here in Bend.
 And while we currently live in a world driven by algorithms,
 maybe we can find a way to bring a little of that onto the web.