where does the vaal dam get its water from
Vaal River
Vaal Dam The Vaal Dam in South Africa was constructed in 1938 and lies 77 km south of OR Tambo International Airport. The lake behind the dam wall has a surface area of about and is 47 meters deep. The Vaal Dam lies on the Vaal River, which is one of South Africa's strongest-flowing rivers. Other rivers flowing into the dam are the Wilge River, Klip River, Molspruit and Grootspruit. It has over of shoreline and is South Africa's second biggest dam by area and the fourth largest by volume. The construction of Vaal Dam started during the depression of
Vaal Dam
and streams and where these connect, the westward flowing Vaal River is born. The river flows west into the Grootdraai Dam near Standerton, Mpumalanga. On its course to the Vaal Dam in Vereeniging, the river is joined by a number of tributaries. The Little Vaal River starts in an escarpment near Ermelo. Near Memel in the Free State is where the Klip River begins. The Watervals River begins in Secunda, Mpumalanga. The Wilge River used to meet the Vaal River before the Vaal Dam was built in 1938; now the water flows straight into the dam. Since the Vaal River’s
Vaal River
such as Johannesburg, Vereeniging and Sasolburg. This reservoir was used to supply water to the Witwatersrand but no longer does so because the quality of its water is deteriorating due to pollution. This reservoir, which is managed by Rand Water, is used for many recreational activities, such as boating, skiing, fishing, swimming and many holiday resorts have grown up on its banks. Vaal Barrage The Vaal River Barrage Reservoir is a dam on the Vaal River near Vanderbijlpark, border Gauteng and Free State, South Africa. The Barrage, created by a set of gates across the Vaal River, was built by
Vaal Barrage
and its tributaries are Donaldson Dam, Klipdrift Dam, Klerkskraal Dam, Boskop Dam and Potchefstroom Dam Mooi River (Vaal) The Mooi River () is a river in North West Province, South Africa. It is a tributary of the Vaal River and belongs to the Upper Vaal Water Management Area. The Mooi rises near Koster and flows southwards. During its course it flows into the Klerkskraal Dam, Boskop Dam and the Potchefstroom Dam. After crossing the town of Potchefstroom it bends southwestwards, shortly bending westwards before it empties into the Vaal River near the border with the Free State, about 15 km
Mooi River (Vaal)
interbasin transfer of water from the Thukela River in KwaZulu-Natal to boost the levels in the Vaal River System. Water from the Sterkfontein Dam is released once the Vaal Dam drops to below 16%. The dam has its own island some long. The island was used as a secret meeting place by the apartheid government but now hosts the annual Round the Island Yacht race, a Guinness Book of World Records title of the largest inland yacht race. On 4 May 1948 BOAC introduced Short Solent flying boats on the UK (Southampton) to South Africa (Vaaldam) service. The small village
Vaal Dam
Sterkfontein Dam The Sterkfontein Dam, located just outside the town of Harrismith, in the Free State, province of South Africa, is part of the Tugela-Vaal Water Project and the Drakensberg Pumped Storage Scheme, and located on the Nuwejaarspruit, a tributary of the Wilge River in the upper catchment area of the Vaal River. It is the second highest dam wall in South Africa and its highest earth fill dam. The rapid economic expansion of the greater Johannesburg area in the 1960s and 70s put its water supply under long term threat and it was decided to redirect water from the
Sterkfontein Dam
of the Platberg where there is the confluence with the Nuwejaarspruit from the left. Further north the Elands River joins its left bank. Then the Meul River and the Cornelis River join its right bank. It continues flowing in a NNW direction, being joined by the Liebenbergsvlei from the left, while passing near Frankfort and flowing northwestwards until it finally meets the Vaal at the Vaal Dam further downstream. Wilge River The Wilge River (, meaning "willow river") is a tributary of the Vaal River in central South Africa. This river is important as part of the Tugela-Vaal Water Transfer
Wilge River
Mooi River (Vaal) The Mooi River () is a river in North West Province, South Africa. It is a tributary of the Vaal River and belongs to the Upper Vaal Water Management Area. The Mooi rises near Koster and flows southwards. During its course it flows into the Klerkskraal Dam, Boskop Dam and the Potchefstroom Dam. After crossing the town of Potchefstroom it bends southwestwards, shortly bending westwards before it empties into the Vaal River near the border with the Free State, about 15 km east of Stilfontein. Its main tributaries are the Wonderfontein Spruit (Mooi River Loop) and the
Mooi River (Vaal)
Vaal River 64 km to the south of Johannesburg with the Vereeniging Pumping Station which was opened on 27 July 1923 by the Governor-General. Water was pumped through 137 cm pipes from the barrage at 1,432m to a height of 1828m on the Witwatersrand. More water was still required and by 1937 the Vaal Dam was completed 80 km south-east of Johannesburg. The next major project was the Lesotho Highlands Water Project in 1998 that saw the construction of several large dams and pipeline transporting water from Lesotho to the Vaal Dam in South Africa. Rand Water provides potable water
Rand Water
Vaal Barrage The Vaal River Barrage Reservoir is a dam on the Vaal River near Vanderbijlpark, border Gauteng and Free State, South Africa. The Barrage, created by a set of gates across the Vaal River, was built by Rand Water downstream of the Vaal Dam, in 1923. The reservoir is 64 kilometres long and has a total storage capacity of 63 million litres, a surface area of 168,35 square kilometres and has an average depth of 4,5 metres. The rivers, i.e. Suikerbosrant, Klip, & Rietspruit, that feed into the Vaal River Barrage Reservoir flow from industrial and heavily populated areas
Vaal Barrage
Vaalharts Storage Weir Vaalharts Storage Weir is a dam in South Africa. It was established in 1936. Vaalhartz Weir (alternative spelling) is located on the Vaal River approximately 100 km downstream of Bloemhof Dam and 13 km upstream of Warrenton. The main purpose of the dam is to divert water from the Vaal River (released from Bloemhof Dam) to the Vaalhartz Government Water Scheme as well as the Barkly Government Water Scheme. Water is also used for numerous small towns including Vryburg, Hartswater, Jan Kempdorp, Warrenton, Winsorton, Kipdam, Barkly West and Delportshoop. The main construction of the weir was completed
Vaalharts Storage Weir
right flank with a capacity of 40 m³/s. This canal supplies water to approximately 37000 ha of irrigation, most of which is located in the Vaalhartz and Barkly Government Water Schemes. Vaalharts Storage Weir Vaalharts Storage Weir is a dam in South Africa. It was established in 1936. Vaalhartz Weir (alternative spelling) is located on the Vaal River approximately 100 km downstream of Bloemhof Dam and 13 km upstream of Warrenton. The main purpose of the dam is to divert water from the Vaal River (released from Bloemhof Dam) to the Vaalhartz Government Water Scheme as well as the Barkly
Vaalharts Storage Weir
Vaal Dam is used for mining and industrial use such as coal mines and Sasol’s energy and chemical-related activities, as well as urban use and power generation. Further downstream of the dam, water is mostly dedicated to urban requirements and, although proportionally less, a considerable amount of this section is also used for mining and industries, irrigation and power generation. The Vaal River is made up of 50 km of navigable water. The river basin thus offers a range of leisurely water activities that attract local and international tourists throughout the year. Activities include boating, yachting and water skiing. Deneysville
Vaal River
Water responded to water scarcity by imposing restrictions on Witwatersrand inhabitants in 1913. It also developed major water schemes that would respond to the growing demand. Between 1914 and 1998, the organisation partnered with various government and private entities to drive the Vaal River scheme and the barrage (1914–1924). The Vaal River scheme was an initiative established to manage water distribution. The Rand Water board also established the Vereeniging Pumping Station (1924), the Zwartkopjes Pumping Station, the Vaal Dam (1938), the Zuikerbosch Pumping Station (1949) and the Lesotho Highlands Water Project (1998). Rain and underground water collects in pans, vleis
Vaal River
km long) and the Limpopo River (1750 km long) and was established as the main source of water for the great Witswatersrand area after the gold rush during the 19th Century. The Vaal Dam lies on the Vaal River in Deneysville just south of the border between Gauteng and the Free State. "Vaal" is a Dutch name (later Afrikaans), translated by the Griquas or Boers from an earlier Kora Khoikhoi name "Tky-Gariep" (/hei !garib, drab river). Both Vaal and "Tky" mean "drab" or "dull", which alludes to the colour of the waters, especially noticeable during flood season when the river
Vaal River
Vaal Dam The Vaal Dam in South Africa was constructed in 1938 and lies 77 km south of OR Tambo International Airport. The lake behind the dam wall has a surface area of about and is 47 meters deep. The Vaal Dam lies on the Vaal River, which is one of South Africa's strongest-flowing rivers. Other rivers flowing into the dam are the Wilge River, Klip River, Molspruit and Grootspruit. It has over of shoreline and is South Africa's second biggest dam by area and the fourth largest by volume. The construction of Vaal Dam started during the depression of
Vaal Dam
Wilge River The Wilge River (, meaning "willow river") is a tributary of the Vaal River in central South Africa. This river is important as part of the Tugela-Vaal Water Transfer Scheme where water is transferred from the Tugela River basin to the Vaal River basin. The largemouth yellowfish is present in the waters of the Wilge River, reaching quite a large size. Its sources are about 50 km northeast of Harrismith, at the border with KwaZulu-Natal. In its upper course the river flows roughly southwestwards from its source, then westwards while bending northwards towards Harrismith, skirting the southern end
Wilge River
numbers. The greater flamingo is a regular wading bird, with lesser flamingo present in lower numbers, and vagrant openbills have been seen. A few dozen fish eagles are present, while osprey occurs sparsely. Vaal Dam The Vaal Dam in South Africa was constructed in 1938 and lies 77 km south of OR Tambo International Airport. The lake behind the dam wall has a surface area of about and is 47 meters deep. The Vaal Dam lies on the Vaal River, which is one of South Africa's strongest-flowing rivers. Other rivers flowing into the dam are the Wilge River, Klip River,
Vaal Dam
is a town on the Free State side of the Vaal River and is a popular water-centre where visitors can enjoy swimming, kiteboarding, yachting, boating, catamaran cruising, jet skiing, windsurfing, snorkeling and fishing. Vaal River The Vaal River ( ) is the largest tributary of the Orange River in South Africa. The river has its source near Breyten in Mpumalanga province, east of Johannesburg and about north of Ermelo and only about from the Indian Ocean. It then flows westwards to its conjunction with the Orange River southwest of Kimberley in the Northern Cape. It is long, and forms the
Vaal River
reserves. On the North West Province side lies the Bloemhof Dam Nature Reserve, on the Free State side is the Sandveld Nature Reserve. The town of Bloemhof lies on the north west side of the Vaal River. The dam was commissioned in 1970, has a capacity of , and has an area of ; the wall is high. It is fed with the outflow from the Vaal Dam (located upstream in Gauteng) as well as rain collected in the Vaal, Vet, Vals and Sand River catchment areas. Bloemhof Dam is a world-renowned fishing destination for carp and catfish. It is
Bloemhof Dam
remain distinct). The principal tributary of the Orange is the Vaal River, which flows through part of the Northern Cape from the vicinity of Warrenton. The Vaal, in turn, has tributaries within the province: the Harts River and the Riet River, which has its own major tributary, the Modder River. Above the Orange-Vaal confluence, the Seekoei River drains part of the northeastern Karoo into the Orange River above the Van der Kloof Dam. Next downstream from the Orange-Vaal confluence is the Brak River, which flows nonperennially from the south and is in turn fed by the Ongers River, rising in
Northern Cape
in the watershed are elevated levels of endemism for small mammals. Water is drawn from the Vaal to meet the industrial needs of the Greater Johannesburg Metropolitan Area and a large part of the Free State. In 1881 the Kimberley Waterworks Company, provided water from the Vaal to the Cape Diamond Fields at a cost of one shilling per . As a part of the Vaal-Hartz Scheme it is a major source of water for irrigation. Water drawn from the Vaal supports 12 million consumers in Gauteng and surrounding areas. The majority of the Vaal River water upstream of the
Vaal River
the Pretoria-WitwatersrandVereeniging complex) by channeling water into the Vaal River from other catchment areas between the 1970s and 1990s. These include the Lesotho Highlands Water Project and Kwa-Zulu Natal’s Tugela-Vaal Water Transfer Scheme. The Tugela-Vaal Transfer Scheme was completed in 1974 to transfer from the Tugela River in KwaZulu Natal via canals, pipelines and dams into the Vaal River system The Lesotho Highlands Water Project was finally launched in 1997 and would entail a three-phase construction that would augment water from Lesotho into the Vaal River, including four major dams. From 1954, the Natural Resources Development Council proposed that South
Vaal River
the main features of the first three phases of the project. <nowiki>* The values are estimates based on the feasibility study, and may differ from the current or eventual values, respectively.</nowiki> Phase I of the project comprises all the essential components to impound water in the Katse Dam, generate electricity and deliver water to the Vaal River System. Phase I has been carefully configured so that Katse Dam remains the common link to further phases identified during feasibility studies. In line with the phased approach Phase I consists of Phase IA comprising the essential components and Phase IB which enhances
Lesotho Highlands Water Project
as the Matla Power Station, Duvha Power Station, Kendal Power Station and Kriel Power Station located on the coal fields in the adjacent Olifants River basin. The dam also provides some flood attenuation for Standerton and stores up to 100 million m/annum pumped into the upper reaches of the Vaal River basin from Heyshope Dam in the Usutu River basin. The hazard potential of the entire dam construction has been ranked high (3). During the serious drought of 1983, the water resources in the adjacent Komati River and Usutu River basins were badly depleted, leading to serious concerns that the
Grootdraai Dam
one of the most frequently visited dams for angling events. Bloemhof Dam Bloemhof Dam is a dam in South Africa. It was originally known as the Oppermansdrif Dam when under construction during the late 1960s. It is located at the confluence of the Vaal River and the Vet River, on the border between the provinces North West and Free State. The dam wall has a total length of The reservoir is very shallow, and therefore needs a large area to mean anything for water storage. The area around the reservoir (dam), has been a protected area, but because it lies
Bloemhof Dam
Bloemhof Dam Bloemhof Dam is a dam in South Africa. It was originally known as the Oppermansdrif Dam when under construction during the late 1960s. It is located at the confluence of the Vaal River and the Vet River, on the border between the provinces North West and Free State. The dam wall has a total length of The reservoir is very shallow, and therefore needs a large area to mean anything for water storage. The area around the reservoir (dam), has been a protected area, but because it lies on the border between provinces, these became two separate nature
Bloemhof Dam
Grootdraai Dam Grootdraai Dam is a combined gravity and earth-fill type dam located on the Vaal River, near Standerton, Mpumalanga, South Africa. It was established in 1981. Grootdraai Dam is a composite structure comprising a central concrete gravity section 360 m long and two earthfill flanks giving a total crest length of 2180 m and a maximum wall height of 42 m above lowest foundation level. The dam was completed in 1982 and was built primarily to support the water needs of the SASOL I, II and III coal to petrol plants at Secunda, ESKOM's Tutuka Power Station as well
Grootdraai Dam
a fairly dry climate and large seasonal temperature variation. It is situated on the banks of the Vaal River, which separates the Free State from the former Transvaal Province, and is not far from the Vaal Dam where excellent windsurfing spots can be found. Fezile Dabi District Municipality and Metsimaholo Local Municipality seat's at this Northern Free State town. Sasolburg Sasolburg is a large industrial town within the Metsimaholo Local Municipality in the far north of the Free State province of South Africa. Sasolburg is further sub-divided into three areas: Sasolburg proper, Vaalpark (a more affluent cluster of suburbs located
Sasolburg
Nature Reserve. The Sandveld Nature Reserve is about in size. It is named after its sandy sandveld area, although part of its surface consists of thornveld savanna, with camelthorn trees. Among the large mammals present in the reserve are the white rhino, giraffe, sable antelope, roan antelope, African buffalo, blue wildebeest and zebra. Sandveld Nature Reserve Sandveld Nature Reserve is a protected area in the Free State, South Africa. It is located on the Free State side of the Bloemhof Dam. Bloemhof Dam lies where the Vaal River and the Vet River meet on the border between the Free State
Sandveld Nature Reserve
from selling fish, are also implicated. Law enforcement operations in which the South African Police Service is actively involved are under way. Several alien fish species are now common in parts of the Orange and Vaal rivers. The predatory largemouth bass flourish in several dams on tributaries of the Vaal and in the Barrage below the Vaal dam. Carp are widespread and common in the system and compete with smallmouth yellowfish for food as well as eating yellowfish eggs at spawning time. The recent explosion of grass carp in dams of the middle Vaal river is seen as a potentially
Smallmouth yellowfish
Lower Vaal Water Management Area Lower Vaal WMA, or Lower Vaal Water Management Area (coded: 10), includes the following major rivers: the Harts River, Molopo River and Vaal River, and covers the following Dams: Tertiary drainage regions C31 to C33, C91, C92 (excluding quaternary catchment C92C), D41 (excluding quaternary catchment D41A), and quaternary catchments D73A and portions of D42C, D42D, D73B, D73C, D73D and D73E. The western boundary of this area runs from the confluence of the Kuruman River with the Molopo River along the watershed between quaternary catchments D42C and D42D until it meets the boundary of the Kalahari
Lower Vaal Water Management Area
East Water Board. The Water Management Area boundary then follows this Water Board boundary to a point, west of the Langberge, 19 kilometres west of Beeshoek, near Postmasburg. The Water Management Area boundary then runs South East to meet the watershed between quaternary catchments D73A and D73B. The boundary then follows this watershed, and that between D73A and D71B, until it meets the watershed of tertiary catchment C92. Lower Vaal Water Management Area Lower Vaal WMA, or Lower Vaal Water Management Area (coded: 10), includes the following major rivers: the Harts River, Molopo River and Vaal River, and covers the
Lower Vaal Water Management Area
bypassing Vereeniging Central. At the junction with the R82 Road and the R42 Route (Voortrekker Street), right next to the R59 Sybrandt van Niekerk Freeway Off-ramp, the R42 leaves Voortrekker Street and joins the R54 Road eastwards. At Klip River Drive, The R54/R42 make a left turn and make up the northern border of the Three Rivers Suburb. North of Three Rivers East, the R54 becomes its own road going south-east. The R54 makes a 21km journey to meet the R549 Road at the north-western corner of the Vaal Dam. It continues another 50km, following the Vaal River, bypassing Vaal
R54 (South Africa)
99-year lease over it). Deneysville,situated on the Free State side of the Vaal River, is the largest town on the Vaal Dam Four yacht clubs that hold regular sailing races at weekends. Two of the most known races are Keel Boat Week held at Deneysville Aquatic Club and Round The Island Yacht Race which is held at Lake Deneys Yacht Club. National Sea Rescue Institute Station 22 is located at Manten Marina in Deneysville. Free State Dumelang News Vaal Ster, Vaal Weekblad 2 October to 4 October 2013 Deneysville Deneysville is a small town on the banks of the Vaal
Deneysville
was therefore renamed Hoopstad. The town, whose name means "Hope City" in Afrikaans, was established on the one side of the large farm "Kameeldoorns", with another town Bultfontein on the other side. Hoopstad The key town of Hoopstad is situated on the R700 Highway between Bloemfontein and the North West Province. This area is considered to be the richest maize-producing district in South Africa. The town is located near the Bloemhof Dam which is situated on the Vaal River. The Sandveld Nature Reserve is positioned alongside the Bloemhof Dam. Hopetown and Hoopstad are two different towns and often get confused.
Hoopstad
Hoopstad The key town of Hoopstad is situated on the R700 Highway between Bloemfontein and the North West Province. This area is considered to be the richest maize-producing district in South Africa. The town is located near the Bloemhof Dam which is situated on the Vaal River. The Sandveld Nature Reserve is positioned alongside the Bloemhof Dam. Hopetown and Hoopstad are two different towns and often get confused. The town of Hoopstad was initially founded in 1876 and named Hauptstad after Mr Haupt, a surveyor. The translation of Hauptstad into Afrikaans means Capital, which it clearly wasn’t and the town
Hoopstad
at Cape Town, on a trip to the interior in 1779. Gordon named the river in honor of William V of Orange. A popular but incorrect belief is that the river was named after the supposedly orange color of its water, as opposed to the color its tributary, the Vaal River ("vaal" being Afrikaans for pale or grey). Since the end of apartheid, the name "Gariep" has had greater favour in official correspondence in South Africa, although the name "Orange" has greater international recognition. In Lesotho, where the river rises, it is known as the Senqu River. The Eastern Cape
Orange River
Sandveld Nature Reserve Sandveld Nature Reserve is a protected area in the Free State, South Africa. It is located on the Free State side of the Bloemhof Dam. Bloemhof Dam lies where the Vaal River and the Vet River meet on the border between the Free State and North West provinces. The complete area around the dam has been proclaimed a nature reserve. Since it is on the border between two provinces, two separate reserves were established. On the Free State side is the Sandveld Nature Reserve, while the protected area on the North West side is called Bloemhof Dam
Sandveld Nature Reserve
tributaries of the Orange River, has its sources in this massif and flows along the border with Lesotho. Also the Seati (Khubedu), one of the headwater streams of the Orange River, has its origin near Mont-aux-Sources further to the north. Another important river is the Elands, named the Namahadi in its uppermost section in the area of the Fika-Patso Dam. The Elands flows roughly northwards into the Wilge River, one of the major tributaries of the Vaal. The Vaal River flows westwards eventually into the Orange River, which in turn flows into the Atlantic Ocean on the West coast of
Mont-Aux-Sources
and cattle production. The Orange River then runs westward through South Africa, forming the south-western boundary of the Free State province. In this section, the river flows first into the Gariep Dam (the largest in the country), and later into the Vanderkloof Dam. From the border of Lesotho to below the Van der Kloof Dam, the river bed is deeply incised. Further downstream, the land is flatter, and the river is used extensively for irrigation. At the western point of the Free State, southwest of Kimberley, the Orange meets with its main tributary, the Vaal River, which itself forms much
Orange River
were the main areas of European settlement at the time, and which lay south of the Vaal. During the late 19th Century, there was an influx of people migrating to the Witwatersrand in search for gold. The Vaal River would eventually become the main water source for the Witwatersrand. The growing population initially used water from the groundwater of the Zuurbekom Wells in Gauteng’s West Rand. Eventually these would dry up and people would need a new source that could provide for their domestic, agricultural and industrial activities. Water schemes were initially established by the private sector to deal with
Vaal River
was never used, it was completed and received an award for the Most Outstanding Civil Engineering Achievement of 1983 from the South African Institute of Civil Engineers. Grootdraai Dam Grootdraai Dam is a combined gravity and earth-fill type dam located on the Vaal River, near Standerton, Mpumalanga, South Africa. It was established in 1981. Grootdraai Dam is a composite structure comprising a central concrete gravity section 360 m long and two earthfill flanks giving a total crest length of 2180 m and a maximum wall height of 42 m above lowest foundation level. The dam was completed in 1982 and
Grootdraai Dam
out, and only in the 1990s Rand Water started a rehabilitation programme to restore the wetland. Part of their motivation was due to the realisation that clean water could be supplied more cost-effectively by forgoing chemical and mechanical treatment, and rather letting the wetland push its water back into the Vaal River where it augmented the water scheme already in place. The whole project cost over two million Rand and ongoing efforts continue to improve the situation. "Working for Wetlands" is a program supported by three separate government ministries (Water Affairs, Agriculture and Tourism). Headed in the Memel area by
Memel, Free State
a white band centrally on the sides. Its pelvic fins are moderately long, reaching to or almost to the level of the anus. Lobes of its caudal fin are pointed, and more or less equal in length. Generally seen below 15 m deep in deeper offshore waters, it occasionally ventures into shallow estuaries and harbors. Usually, it is found solitary or in small groups. It feeds on small shrimp. Not evaluated Other noteworthy information (life-cycle, breeding, etc.) The generic name "Pentapodus" is from the Greek, "pente" = five and "pous" = feet. The specific name "nagasakiensis" means of Nagasaki. Pentapodus
Pentapodus nagasakiensis
prosecution of the Whiskey Ring and rumor that Bristow was interested in running for the U.S. Presidency, Bristow resigned from President Grant's Cabinet. During the presidential election of 1876, Bristow made an unsuccessful attempt at gaining the Republican presidential ticket, running as a Republican reformer; the Republicans, however, chose Rutherford B. Hayes. After the 1876 presidential election, Bristow returned to private practice in New York, forming a successful law practice in 1878, often arguing cases before the U.S. Supreme Court until his death in 1896. Benjamin Helm Bristow was born in "Edwards Hall" on June 20, 1832 in Elkton, Kentucky.
Benjamin Bristow
to lower prices online. Thus, the primary value of the internet to consumers comes from releasing new sources of value by providing access to products in the long tail. A study by Erik Brynjolfsson, Yu (Jeffrey) Hu, and Michael D. Smith finds that the long tail has grown longer over time, with niche books accounting for a larger share of total sales. Their analyses suggested that by 2008, niche books accounted for 36.7% of Amazon's sales while the consumer surplus generated by niche books has increased at least fivefold from 2000 to 2008. In addition, their new methodology finds that,
Long tail
countrymen, sublimated by a rich and vigorous fancy. He is the very antithesis of the modern poet, and as such, objects to the use of all glitter and tinsel. What Ebeneezer Elliott was to the principles of Free Trade in Corn, John Bedford Leno is to the more enduring theme of Labour – Equally strong, plain, and uncompromising" – "Woolwich Gazette", 18 January 1868 <poem>The Wizard, King Labour, walked over the land, And the spade for a sceptre he bore; And each step he took left an Eden behind, While the desert untamed frowned before. He levelled huge mountains, and
John Bedford Leno
on January 8, 2017, after a hugely successful run; with several extensions from its initial 4 month limited run. The final show was concluded with speeches by actor Sam Mackay and producer Paul Taylor Mills, and a surprise appearance by Lin-Manuel Miranda. The Canadian premiere of "In the Heights", produced by The Arts Club, opened at the Stanley Industrial Alliance Stage on May 6, 2015. Directed by Bill Millerd with co-direction and choreography by Lisa Stevens and musical direction by Ken Cormier. The cast featured Luc Roderique as Usnavi, Elena Juatco as Vanessa, Kate Blackburn as Nina, Chris Sams as
In the Heights
Drakensberg Pumped Storage Scheme The Drakensberg Pumped Storage Scheme is an energy storage facility built in the South African provinces of Free State and KwaZulu-Natal starting in 1974 and completed by 1981. Four dams are involved in the scheme; the Driekloof Dam ("joined to the Sterkfontein Dam"), the Kilburn Dam, the Woodstock Dam and the Driel Barrage. Electricity generation equipment is located between Driekloof Dam and Kilburn Dam. Since the Driekloof Dam/Sterkfontein Dam also forms part of the Tugela-Vaal Water Project some of the water pumped to Driekloof Dam might end up flowing to the Vaal Dam and not be
Drakensberg Pumped Storage Scheme
are: The upper Molopo is part of the Crocodile (West) and Marico Water Management Area and the lower is included in the Lower Vaal Water Management Area. Major dams in the river are the Setumo Dam and the Disaneng Dam, both located near the city of Mafikeng, South Africa, which lies on the banks of the river. Molopo River The Molopo River () is one of the main rivers in Southern Africa. It has a length of approximately 960 kilometres and a catchment area of 367,201 km with Botswana, Namibia and South Africa sharing roughly about a third of the
Molopo River
numbers of tubewells sunk in Kankroliya Ghati area could not get recharged sufficiently. The dam has reportedly filled with 28.9 feet of water level in August 2016. Meja Dam (Bhilwara) The Meja Dam is one of the biggest dam of Bhilwara and famous for its green mount park. It is 20 km away from Bhilwara, Rajasthan, India. This was the main source of drinking water for Bhilwara city as well as surrounding area. For Bhilwara city 62 tubewells have been installed in the submergence of dam but at present except for 10 tubewells all are almost dry. As per records
Meja Dam (Bhilwara)
closed public access to Searsville Lake in 1975. The reservoir has lost over 90% of its original water storage capacity as roughly 1.5 million cubic yards of sediment has filled it in. Searsville Dam does not provide potable water, flood control, or hydropower. Although removal of the dam would double available spawning habitat on this important steelhead trout stream, Stanford's Jasper Ridge Advisory Committee in 2007 recommended that the dam not be removed and the lake dredged to maintain open water. Stanford University uses water from the lake to irrigate its golf course and other athletic facilities on its campus.
San Francisquito Creek
Khandip Dam Khandip Dam (also known as "Khandip Aniket", in Hindi "खंडीप बांध") is a weir which is built on the Ganbhir River at Khandip Village of Rajasthan, India. It lies in a valley to the south of the Khandip and north of the Katkad, east of Nawajipura and West of Medi and Phulwara. The town of Khandip is situated close to the dam wall and the villages Katkad, Medi, Nawajipura, Phulwara can be found alongside its banks. Until 2008, the Command Area of Panchana Dam, which is dominated by Meenas, used to get water from the Panchana Dam. Gurjars
Khandip Dam
Vaal River
Title: Vaal Dam. Content: Vaal Dam The Vaal Dam in South Africa was constructed in 1938 and lies 77 km south of OR Tambo International Airport. The lake behind the dam wall has a surface area of about and is 47 meters deep. The Vaal Dam lies on the Vaal River, which is one of South Africa's strongest-flowing rivers. Other rivers flowing into the dam are the Wilge River, Klip River, Molspruit and Grootspruit. It has over of shoreline and is South Africa's second biggest dam by area and the fourth largest by volume. The construction of Vaal Dam started during the depression of
Vaal Dam gets its water from the Vaal River, which is formed by the confluence of the Orange and Vaal rivers.
The Vaal Dam gets its water from the Vaal River.
Vaal River, Wilge River, Klip River, Molspruit and Grootspruit
Orange River
Vaal River, Wilge River, Klip River, Molspruit and Grootspruit
Orange River