who was crucified on an x shaped cross
Andrew
Andrew as bound, not nailed, to a Latin cross of the kind on which Jesus is said to have been crucified; yet a tradition developed that Andrew had been crucified on a cross of the form called "crux decussata" (X-shaped cross, or "saltire"), now commonly known as a "Saint Andrew's Cross" — supposedly at his own request, as he deemed himself unworthy to be crucified on the same type of cross as Jesus had been. The iconography of the martyrdom of Andrew — showing him bound to an X-shaped cross — does not appear to have been standardized until the
Andrew the Apostle
Andrew as bound, not nailed, to a Latin cross of the kind on which Jesus is said to have been crucified; yet a tradition developed that Andrew had been crucified on a cross of the form called "crux decussata" (X-shaped cross, or "saltire"), now commonly known as a "Saint Andrew's Cross" — supposedly at his own request, as he deemed himself unworthy to be crucified on the same type of cross as Jesus had been. The iconography of the martyrdom of Andrew — showing him bound to an X-shaped cross — does not appear to have been standardized until the
Andrew the Apostle
Flag of Scotland The Flag of Scotland (; ) is also known as St Andrew's Cross or the Saltire. As the national flag, the Saltire, rather than the Royal Standard of Scotland, is the correct flag for all individuals and corporate bodies to fly. It is also, where possible, flown from Scottish Government buildings every day from 8am until sunset, with certain exceptions. According to legend, the Christian apostle and martyr Saint Andrew, the patron saint of Scotland, was crucified on an X-shaped cross. Use of the familiar iconography of his martyrdom, showing the apostle bound to an X-shaped cross,
Flag of Scotland
to legend, the apostle and martyr Saint Andrew, the patron saint of Scotland, was crucified on an X-shaped cross at Patras (Patrae) in Achaea. Use of the familiar iconography of his martyrdom, showing the apostle bound to an X-shaped cross, first appears in the Kingdom of Scotland in 1180 during the reign of William I. This image was again depicted on seals used during the late 13th century; including on one particular example used by the Guardians of Scotland, dated 1286. Use of a simplified symbol associated with Saint Andrew which does not depict his image, namely the saltire, or
Kingdom of Scotland
multiple males on the web of one female. This spider is commonly known as the St Andrew's Cross spider, due to the construction of bands of silk forming the arms of an X-shaped cross, similar to the one upon which St. Andrew is traditionally said to have been crucified. Juveniles of this species sometimes build a spiral-shaped pattern of silk. Termed web decorations or stabilimenta, these bands are thought to increase prey capture in this species, however, in other species they have been found to protect the spider against predators. "A. keyserlingi" is an important model species in studies of
Argiope keyserlingi
of the manner the martyr died crucified on an X-shaped cross. The butterfly shaped floor plan emanates from this cruciform. Many other symbolic features mark the tent-like structure, including the giant chandelier over the altar which serves as a halo over the copper cross by National Artist for Visual Art, Vicente Manansala. The proposal of St. Andrew the Apostle Parish began in 1965 when a group of residents belonging to the villages of San Miguel and Bel-Air dreamed of having a parish that they could call their own. The community did not have to wait long. Don Andres Soriano Jr.
Saint Andrew the Apostle Church
loaves and fishes (John 6:8). Origen says Andrew preached in Scythia. He is also said to have preached along the Black Sea and the Dnieper river as far as Kiev, and Novgorod. According to tradition, he founded the See of Byzantium (Constantinople). He is also said to have preached in Thrace. Andrew is said to have been martyred at Patras in Achaea, where, according to traditional accounts, he was crucified upside down, on an X -shaped cross, commonly known as a "Saint Andrew's Cross". St Jerome wrote that the relics of St Andrew were taken from Patras to Constantinople around
The Way of St Andrews
III of Scotland continued to devalue Scottish coins, making them worth one-half of their English counterparts by 1392. He also replaced the profile bust on the obverse of Scottish coins with a facing head, which made his coins much easier to confuse with the more valuable English issues. David II’s attempt to introduce gold coins to Scotland by copying the English noble was a failure but Robert III successfully introduced the gold lion, which showed St. Andrew crucified on his X shaped cross. Under James III of Scotland English influence of Scottish coinage gave way to Burgundian models, with both
Scottish coinage
worn on St Patrick's Day. In particular, the previous crosses associated with Saint Patrick were not X-shaped. Some contemporary responses to the badge of the order complained that an X-shaped cross was the Cross of St Andrew, patron of Scotland. A February 1783 newspaper complained that "the breasts of Irishmen were to be decorated by the bloody Cross of St Andrew, and not that of the tutelar Saint of their natural isle". Another article claimed that "the Cross of St Andrew the Scotch saint is to honour the Irish order of St Patrick, by being inserted within the star of
Saint Patrick's Saltire
a two-city campus, situated in both Patras and Agrinion. The university conducts research in Environment, Health, Biotechnology, Mechanics, Electronics, Informatics and Basic Science. A number of the departments, laboratories and clinics have been designated as Centres of Excellence, on the basis of international assessment. The emblem of the university is Andrew the Apostle. Its opening took place on 30 November 1966 which is the date that the city of Patras celebrates its patron "Saint Andrew". This is the reason that the emblem of the University is an X cross which symbolises the one on which St. Andrew was crucified. The
University of Patras
Greece on a Crux decussata (X-shaped cross), now commonly known as a Saint Andrew's Cross. He is portrayed with this cross. Andrew is followed by Mark the Evangelist. He was painted with a quill in his right hand, and his own gospel in his left. Close to him is the icon of Matthew the Evangelist, who was painted in a rather similar way to Mark. Red and white shades dominate his garment too, and he also holds a quill and his gospel. The last icon on the left side of the Apostles tier, the closest to Jesus' central image, portrays
Iconostasis of the Cathedral of Hajdúdorog
Athelstaneford Athelstaneford (; or ) is a village in East Lothian, Scotland. It is near the town of Haddington and lies about 32 kilometres (20 mi) east of Edinburgh. According to popular legend, Athelstaneford is where the original Scottish saltire - the white diagonal cross on a sky blue background - was first adopted. On the eve of a battle between an army of the Picts and invading Angles from Northumbria in 832AD, Saint Andrew, who was crucified on a diagonal cross, came to the Pictish King Óengus II in a vision promising victory. The next morning the Picts saw
Athelstaneford
superiority over the English, who claimed their descent from the Trojans, who had been defeated by the Greeks. The image of St. Andrew, martyred while bound to an X-shaped cross, first appeared in the Scotland during the reign of William I and was again depicted on seals used during the late thirteenth century; including on one particular example used by the Guardians of Scotland, dated 1286. Use of a simplified symbol associated with Saint Andrew, the saltire, has its origins in the late fourteenth century; the Parliament of Scotland decreed in 1385 that Scottish soldiers should wear a white Saint
Scotland in the Middle Ages
the world. Scotland hosts several music festivals including Celtic Connections (Glasgow), and the Hebridean Celtic Festival (Stornoway). Festivals celebrating Celtic culture, such as Festival Interceltique de Lorient (Brittany), the Pan Celtic Festival (Ireland), and the National Celtic Festival (Portarlington, Australia), feature elements of Scottish culture such as language, music and dance. The image of St. Andrew, martyred while bound to an X-shaped cross, first appeared in the Kingdom of Scotland during the reign of William I. Following the death of King Alexander III in 1286 an image of Andrew was used on the seal of the Guardians of Scotland who
Scotland
Flag of Scotland, called "The Saltire" or "Saint Andrew's Cross", is a blue field with a white saltire. According to tradition, it represents Saint Andrew, who is supposed to have been crucified on a cross of that form (called a "crux decussata") at Patras, Greece. The Saint Andrew's Cross was worn as a badge on hats in Scotland, on the day of the feast of Saint Andrew. In the politics of Scotland, both the Scottish National Party and Scottish Conservative Party use stylised saltires as their party logos, deriving from the flag of Scotland. Prior to the Union the Royal
Saltire
common symbol. The image of St. Andrew martyred bound to an X-shaped cross first appeared in the Kingdom of Scotland during the reign of William I and was again depicted on seals used during the late 13th century; including on one particular example used by the Guardians of Scotland, dated 1286. Use of a simplified symbol associated with Saint Andrew, the saltire, has its origins in the late 14th century; the Parliament of Scotland decreed in 1385 that Scottish soldiers wear a white Saint Andrew's Cross on their person, both in front and behind, for the purpose of identification. Use
Scottish national identity
Aaron Watson James Aaron Watson (born August 20, 1977) is an American country music singer and songwriter. Active since 1999, Watson has recorded several independent albums in his career. His 2015 album "The Underdog" reached No. 1 on Top Country Albums that year, and in 2017, Watson had his first major radio airplay hit with "Outta Style", which reached top 10 on Country Airplay. Watson was born in Amarillo, Texas, and graduated from Randall High School. He then attended Abilene Christian University, where he began learning guitar, after playing junior college baseball in New Mexico. Watson's earliest musical influences were
Aaron Watson
writing of standard Norwegian and eye dialect spelling. It is almost universally true that these spellings try to convey the way each word is pronounced, but it is rare to see language written that does not adhere to at least some of the rules of the official orthography. Reasons for this include words spelled unphonemically, ignorance of conventional spelling rules, or adaptation for better transcription of that dialect's phonemes. Latin contains several examples of contractions. One such case is preserved in the verb "nolo" (I am unwilling/do not want) which was formed by a contraction of "non volo" ("volo" meaning
Contraction (grammar)
able to prosper despite the introduction of plastic reels and bobbins in the 1950s. Much of the wood used by the wood mills was imported and by the 1990s most of the market was overseas and in 1993-94 the company placed machines overseas in Poland, Sri Lanka and Malaysia. Restructured as the Staveley Timber Company the business was mainly in Europe although some packing and finishing was still carried out in Staveley. Only ten people were then employed in Staveley, so the former coppice drying sheds and timber stores were adapted into light industrial units and shops. When the business
Staveley Mill Yard
the 2,105th most common surname in the US, with 15,000 people (0.006%) sharing the surname. Luke (name) Luke is a male given name, and less commonly, a surname. The name Luke is the English form of the Latin name . It is derived from the Latin name "Lucius", and it either means "the great Lucius", or it is a shortened form of the Latin name. "Lucius" means "the bright one" or "the one born at dawn". The frequently stated explanation of as "man from Lucania" is not supported by reliable sources. Although the name is attested in ancient inscriptions, the
Luke (name)
was staying in Azerbaijan. On December 13, Jaballah was informed that his friend "Najib" had been "hospitalised", which authorities suggest was a reference to Ahmad Salama Mabruk being imprisoned along with al-Zawahiri and Mahmud Hisham al-Hennawi by Russian authorities as they tried to cross into Chechnya. He promised to raise funds in Canada to help offset Nijab's troubles while Shehata did the same in Azerbaijan. Hani Yusef al-Sebai contacted Jaballah at this time, explaining that he was staying near Shehata and helping with the fundraising for the release. Jabbalah contacted Ibrahim Eidarous on January 1 to ask how he would
Thirwat Shehata
extremist who stole the skinhead fashion. White-Power/Fascists who called themselves skinheads also identified with the song due to persecution they received for their social and racial views. Crucified has become an anthem for both factions of skinheads worldwide. Live audiences have taken to adding a chant of "skinhead army!" to the chorus, a line not included in the band's original recording. Iron Cross (band) Iron Cross is a hardcore/Oi! band from Baltimore, Maryland and Washington D.C.. They play a rough form of streetpunk, and is one of the first bands in the United States to adopt the skinhead look and
Iron Cross (band)
to be crucified. The thief, another man (who is also a thief) and Jesus are loaded with the beams for their crosses and march to Golgotha. As they make their way there, the thief looks curiously to the crowds, some of whom scream that Jesus is innocent. They finally arrive at Golgotha and nails are driven through their wrists, painfully securing them to the patibulum. Each man is then hung on his cross due to a large, deep square-shaped groove carved into the stipes and their feet are nailed to a wooden sedile. They hang in agony. Like the crowd,
My Last Day (film)
Jesus and the executioners thought the victim was Jesus, causing everyone to believe that Jesus was crucified. A third explanation could be that Jesus was nailed to a cross, but as his body is immortal he did not "die" or was not "crucified" [to death]; it only appeared so (this view is rare). In opposition to the second and third foregoing proposals, yet others maintain that God does not use deceit and therefore they contend that crucifixion just did not occur. Most Islamic traditions, save for a few, categorically deny that Jesus physically died, either on a cross or another
Islamic views on Jesus' death
Peter on the other. On the upper crosspiece are two men on horseback, Saint Longinus and Stephaton, the two soldiers who were at the crucifixion. It was Longinus who pierced Jesus' side so he carries a lance whilst Stephaton carries a sponge as he was the soldier who gave Jesus a sponge soaked in vinegar. On the reverse side of the two horsemen is a depiction of Jesus tied with ropes ("Christ lié"). Jesus hangs from the central cross and is sculpted back to back with an Ecce Homo. The crucified Jesus is surrounded by four small angels who are
Calvary at Plougastel-Daoulas
Galás, Harry Belafonte, The Seldom Scene, Diamond Version (with Neil Tennant), Bayard Rustin, and Rajaton. The following lyrics are those printed in the 1899 Unicorn. "Old Plantation Hymns"; other variations exist. <poem> Were you there when they crucified my Lord? (Were you there?) Were you there when they crucified my Lord? O sometimes it causes me to tremble! tremble! tremble! Were you there when they crucified my Lord? Were you there when they nail'd him to the cross? (Were you there?) Were you there when they nail'd him to the cross? O sometimes it causes me to tremble! tremble! tremble!
Were You There
Andrew
Title: Andrew the Apostle. Content: Andrew as bound, not nailed, to a Latin cross of the kind on which Jesus is said to have been crucified; yet a tradition developed that Andrew had been crucified on a cross of the form called "crux decussata" (X-shaped cross, or "saltire"), now commonly known as a "Saint Andrew's Cross" — supposedly at his own request, as he deemed himself unworthy to be crucified on the same type of cross as Jesus had been. The iconography of the martyrdom of Andrew — showing him bound to an X-shaped cross — does not appear to have been standardized until the
Saint Andrew
Saint Andrew
Andrew the Apostle
Saint Andrew
Andrew the Apostle
Saint Andrew