who signed the order to build the transcontinental railroad
Lincoln
Lincoln signed the Pacific Railroad Act of 1862 into law on July 1. It authorized creation of two companies, the Central Pacific in the west and the Union Pacific in the mid-west, to build the railroad. The legislation called for building and operating a new railroad from the Missouri River at Council Bluffs, Iowa, west to Sacramento, California, and on to San Francisco Bay. A second law to supplement the first was passed in 1864. To finance the project, the act authorized the federal government to issue 30-year U.S. government bonds (at 6% interest). The railroad companies were paid $16,000/mile
First Transcontinental Railroad
new organization called the Union Pacific Railroad. It was authorized to build a single line west from an "initial point" at the 100-degree meridian (near present-day Lexington, Nebraska). While the legislation seemed to favor Omaha, in 1863 Lincoln issued an executive order designating the terminal at Council Bluffs. Thomas C. Durant, the first head of the Union Pacific, arbitrarily decided the railroad should start at Omaha. In 1863 ground was broken near Miller's Landing on the Missouri River for the First Transcontinental Railroad. Along with local financier Edward Creighton, George Francis Train was the promoter who was chiefly responsible for
Railroads in Omaha
Lincoln signed the Pacific Railroad Act of 1862 into law on July 1. It authorized creation of two companies, the Central Pacific in the west and the Union Pacific in the mid-west, to build the railroad. The legislation called for building and operating a new railroad from the Missouri River at Council Bluffs, Iowa, west to Sacramento, California, and on to San Francisco Bay. A second law to supplement the first was passed in 1864. To finance the project, the act authorized the federal government to issue 30-year U.S. government bonds (at 6% interest). The railroad companies were paid $16,000/mile
First Transcontinental Railroad
the NAD27 datum. (signed by President Abraham Lincoln) was the first major land grant specifically for the transcontinental railroad. This act provided surveyed, public lands for a railroad right-of-way to build rail systems, and millions of acres to raise the capital needed to build and maintain the future railways. Ten square miles of land on each side of the proposed rail track were granted for every one mile of completed railway. The U.S. Public Land Survey System was utilized for measurement. Every one-mile railway completed was akin to a section. If the railway ran predominantly east and west, a range
Public Land Survey System
would drastically change the dynamics of Dogpatch and Potrero Hill. In 1862, President Abraham Lincoln signed into law the Pacific Railway Act that provided Federal government support for the building of the First transcontinental railroad. In anticipation of the railroad, San Francisco began work in 1865 to build the Long Bridge, to connect San Francisco proper through Mission Bay to Potrero Hill, Dogpatch and Bayview. Dogpatch, once deemed too far south, was suddenly a stone's throw away. The Long Bridge completely transformed Potrero Nuevo from no man's land to a central hub. One of the first of many waves of
Dogpatch, San Francisco
in 1852. Not long after, a gunpowder factory (gunpowder was vital for gold mining) opened nearby; then shipyards, iron factories, and warehouses followed. Potrero Point experienced a minor boom in housing as factory workers preferred to live nearby. The opening of the Long Bridge in the 1860s would drastically change the dynamics of Potrero Hill. In 1862, President Abraham Lincoln signed into law the Pacific Railway Act that provided Federal government support for the building of the first transcontinental railroad. In anticipation of the railroad, San Francisco began work to build the Long Bridge in 1865 that connected San Francisco
Potrero Hill
out employee Herbert Hoxie for $10,000. Under Durant's guidance, Crédit Mobilier was charging Union Pacific often twice or more the customary cost for track work (thus in effect paying himself to build the railroad). The process mired down Union Pacific work. Lincoln asked Massachusetts Congressman Oakes Ames, who was on the railroad committee, to clean things up and get the railroad moving. Ames got his brother Oliver Ames Jr. named president of the Union Pacific, while he himself became president of Crédit Mobilier. Ames then in turn gave stock options to other politicians while at the same time continuing the
First Transcontinental Railroad
first transcontinental railroad was the culmination of a decades-long movement to build such a line and was one of the crowning achievements of the presidency of Abraham Lincoln, completed four years after his death. The building of the railroad required enormous feats of engineering and labor in the crossing of plains and high mountains by the Union Pacific Railroad (UP) and Central Pacific Railroad, the two federally chartered enterprises that built the line westward and eastward respectively. The building of the railroad was motivated in part to bind the Union together during the strife of the American Civil War. It
Rail transportation in the United States
1879 until 1930 when a rail bridge opened. Ferry service at the site of the bridge started in 1913 by the Rodeo-Vallejo Ferry Company. The original steel cantilever bridge was designed by Robinson & Steinman and dedicated on May 21, 1927. Prior to this, crossing the Carquinez Strait necessitated the use of ferries. The bridge cost $8 million to build. It was the first major crossing of the San Francisco Bay and a significant technological achievement in its time. Upon its completion, the span became part of the Lincoln Highway. This historic transcontinental roadway's original alignment, like the Transcontinental Railroad
Carquinez Bridge
the state in what is now Lincoln County on which to build the railroad. The company made little headway in raising capital and building until Hogg teamed with Corvallis banker Wallis Nash. In 1880, Hogg and Nash incorporated the Oregon Pacific Railroad and began promoting the idea of Corvallis as the hub of a transcontinental railroad that would establish Newport as the "San Francisco of the North" to east coast financiers. Hogg and Nash raised millions of dollars. In 1885, The line was completed from Yaquina on the Oregon Coast to Corvallis across the Oregon Coast Range, and in 1887,
Thomas Egenton Hogg
Colleges Act, also signed in 1862, provided government grants for agricultural colleges in each state. The Pacific Railway Acts of 1862 and 1864 granted federal support for the construction of the United States' First Transcontinental Railroad, which was completed in 1869. The passage of the Homestead Act and the Pacific Railway Acts was made possible by the absence of Southern congressmen and senators who had opposed the measures in the 1850s. Other important legislation involved two measures to raise revenues for the Federal government: tariffs (a policy with long precedent), and a new Federal income tax. In 1861, Lincoln signed
Abraham Lincoln
in a tent show. Tent shows would not have been so widespread in the United States were it not for the expansion of the railroad system. On July 1, 1862, "President Abraham Lincoln signed into law the Pacific Railroad Act, which launched perhaps the most audacious enterprise of 19th century American civil engineering: the construction of a 1,776 mile long railroad from the Missouri River to the Pacific Ocean." This railroad would eventually be called the First Transcontinental Railroad, and its effect would be to open "the American West to settlement and commerce as never before... A coast-to-coast journey that
Tent show
ending his relationship with producer Billy Sherrill and what was now Sony Music after 19 years. Sherrill had produced Jones since 1971 and the body of work they created had resulted in one of the most successful producer/artist alliances in the history of country music. Sherrill had actually retired with Jones as his only client. Sherrill, who had scored massive hits producing Tammy Wynette and Charlie Rich among many others, had taken heat over the years for the drastic changes he'd wrought on the genre with his elaborate Phil Spector influenced productions, but as Jones biographer Bob Allen observes in
You Oughta Be Here with Me
Studios from original 1/4" stereo master tapes. A digital booklet containing original album artwork, detailed track information and rare photographs was also made available from iTunes with purchases of the entire album re-issue. Side one Side B Personnel Day by Day with Cilla Day by Day with Cilla is the title of Cilla Black's seventh solo studio album released in 1973 by Parlophone Records. The album marked the end of a significant era in Black's recording career as it was her last project to be produced by George Martin, who had worked on all of her recordings since her 1963
Day by Day with Cilla
twin sons, while "his" wife, Angela (Jodhi May) works full-time at the local Jobcentre. Rob has a troubled relationship with his father, feeling the guilt of being the 'surviving' son. After a violent panic attack, Frank realizes that he needs some focus in his life, and, after a booze cruise along the English Channel, decides to focus his efforts on swimming across it. Frank trains with the help of friend and local chip shop owner Chan (Benedict Wong) and former co-workers Danny (Billy Boyd), Eddie (Sean McGinley) and Norman (Ron Cook) until he feels he is fit and ready for
On a Clear Day (film)
represent vowels. Urdu doesn't have standalone vowel letters. Short vowels ("a", "i", "u") are represented by optional diacritics ("zabar", "zer", "pesh") upon the preceding consonant or a placeholder consonant ("alif", "ain", or "hamzah") if the syllable begins with the vowel, and long vowels by consonants "alif", "ain", "ye", and "wa'o" as matres lectionis, with disambiguating diacritics, some of which are optional ("zabar", "zer", "pesh"), whereas some are not ("madd", "hamzah"). Urdu does not have short vowels at the end of words. This is a table of Urdu vowels: "Alif" is the first letter of the Urdu alphabet, and it is
Urdu alphabet
Howard–Odmin–Sherman Farmstead Howard–Odmin–Sherman Farmstead, also known as the Hidden Pond Farm, is a historic home and farm located at Pittstown, Rensselaer County, New York. The farmhouse was built about 1860, and consists of a two-story, three bay, frame dwelling with a one-story rear ell in a transitional Greek Revival / Italianate style. Also on the property are the contributing carriage barn (c. 1840-1860), outbuilding (c. 1840-1860), grain house (c. 1840-1860), main barn (c. 1870), henhouse (c. 1940s), turkey coop (c. 1930), small outbuilding (c. 1900), and two pole barns (c. 1960). It was listed on the National Register of Historic
Howard–Odmin–Sherman Farmstead
its line to Council Bluffs in 1869 and extended the Muscatine/Washington Line to Leavenworth, Kansas. The merged railroad was called the "Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad", a name it kept until it was dissolved in bankruptcy in the 1970s. Mississippi and Missouri Railroad The Mississippi and Missouri Railroad (M&M Railroad) was the first railroad in Iowa and was chartered in 1853 to build a line between Davenport, Iowa, on the Mississippi River and Council Bluffs, Iowa, on the Missouri River and played an important role in the construction of the First Transcontinental Railroad. The line was originally created so
Mississippi and Missouri Railroad
Spokane, Portland and Seattle Railway The Spokane, Portland & Seattle Railway (SP&S) was a United States-based railroad incorporated in 1905. It was a joint venture by the Great Northern Railway and the Northern Pacific Railway to build a railroad along the north bank of the Columbia River. Remnants of the line are currently operated by BNSF Railway and the Portland and Western Railroad. The railroad was chartered in 1905 by James J. Hill to connect the two transcontinental railroads owned by him, the Northern Pacific (NP) and Great Northern (GN), to Portland, Oregon from Spokane, Washington, to gain a portion
Spokane, Portland and Seattle Railway
allowed Congress several options to consider the most efficient and cost effective route to build a transcontinental railroad. In 1862, Congress passed the Pacific Railway Act. The Union Pacific Railroad Company would build continuous railroad and telegraph lines west from the Eastern shores of the Missouri River at Council Bluffs, Iowa (opposite Omaha, Nebraska) which would meet railroad and telegraph lines build east by the Central Pacific Railroad from the navigable waters of the Sacramento River in Sacramento, California. On May 10, 1869, the two rail lines joined with an honorary Golden Spike at Promontory Summit after making a combined
Pacific Railroad Surveys
officially suggested members obey the law of the land (which was equivalent to forbidding new polygamous marriages inside the U.S. and its territories, but not in church member settlements in Canada and Mexico). This paved the way for statehood in 1896, when Salt Lake City became the state capital. The First Transcontinental Railroad was completed in 1869 at Promontory Summit on the north side of the Great Salt Lake. A railroad was connected to the city from the Transcontinental Railroad in 1870, making travel less burdensome. Mass migration of different groups followed. Ethnic Chinese (who laid most of the Central
Salt Lake City
of the First Transcontinental Railroad linking California with the Eastern U.S. — and were Collis Huntington, Mark Hopkins, Jr., Leland Stanford, and Charles Crocker. On the second floor these buildings they organized and ran the Central Pacific Railroad Company of California, to plan, build, and operate the western section of the first Transcontinental Railroad. They also founded the Southern Pacific Railroad here. Huntington, Hopkins & Co., which imported and sold hardware, iron, steel, and coal, occupied 54 "K" Street. The second floor of these structures served as the first offices of the Central Pacific Railroad from 1862 to 1873. By
Big Four House
Lincoln
Title: First Transcontinental Railroad. Content: Lincoln signed the Pacific Railroad Act of 1862 into law on July 1. It authorized creation of two companies, the Central Pacific in the west and the Union Pacific in the mid-west, to build the railroad. The legislation called for building and operating a new railroad from the Missouri River at Council Bluffs, Iowa, west to Sacramento, California, and on to San Francisco Bay. A second law to supplement the first was passed in 1864. To finance the project, the act authorized the federal government to issue 30-year U.S. government bonds (at 6% interest). The railroad companies were paid $16,000/mile
Abraham Lincoln
Lincoln
Abraham Lincoln
Abraham Lincoln
Abraham Lincoln
Abraham Lincoln