Behaviorism is the idea that __________.
a. all of our mental acts are knowable
b. our mental acts determine our behavior
c. because we cannot know private mental acts, they are irrelevant
d. the mind and body causally interact
The key to Ryle's analysis is __________.
d. identity theory
In which part of the body did Descartes think the mind and the soul connect, in his words, “where the soul has its principal seat”?
b. Ventricles of the brain
c. Pineal gland
d. Pituitary gland
The philosophical position that minds are produced by the relations between their physical parts, regardless of what material those physical parts are made of, is called __________.
a. eliminative materialism
b. identity theory
If you believe that Data, the android on the TV show Star Trek, is sentient and conscious, even though his “brain” is made out of silicon and metal, then you would be a(n) __________.
a. eliminative materialist
b. identity theorist
Incorrigibility is the term philosophers, especially Descartes, have given to __________.
a. persistent afterimages
b. the immediate certainty of our own conscious experiences
c. the arbitrary nature of intentional objects
d. dogmatic beliefs
How did Freud's concept of the “unconscious” raise doubts about Descartes's claim that whatever is mental can be described as incorrigible?
a. By suggesting that our ideas may not correspond to reality.
b. By suggesting that only our unconscious ideas are clear and distinct.
c. By suggesting that there are ideas in our minds that we don't, and cannot, know.
d. By suggesting that no one is truly conscious and, therefore, that no mental activity can be said to be incorrigible.
Intentionality may be defined as __________.
c. privileged access
What is the problem with trying to explain “intentionality” in physical terms?
a. We may direct our intentionality on intentional objects that are not physical, such as the number “3.”
b. Some intentionality does not involve representational content.
c. Some representational content is physical, and some is not.
d. Representational content is not physical.
When Aristotle wrote about the soul, he was referring to __________.
a. the unconscious mind
b. the form of the body
c. the spirit within the body
d. the bottom of the feet
According to Galen Strawson, consciousness consists of two elements, __________.
a. the ego and the id
b. awareness and attention
c. sensations and intentionality
d. primary consciousness and subconsciousness
Nietzsche suggested that consciousness was ultimately __________.
a. the one necessary element for all biological functions
b. found in all living things
d. a godlike quality
The notion that a mind can be instantiated in anything that functions like a brain is called __________.
a. multiple realizability
d. the dual aspect theory
According to Ryle, it is a necessary feature of whatever has physical existence that it is in __________.
a. space but not necessarily time
b. time but not necessarily space
c. neither space nor time
d. space and time
Husserl's conception of consciousness is called __________.
c. dual aspect theory
d. multiple realizability