are physicians who specialize in
the care of the eyes. They conduct examinations to determine the
quality of vision and the need for corrective glasses or contact
lenses. Ophthalmologists also check for the presence of any disorders
such as glaucoma or cataracts. They may also perform surgery to
treat glaucoma, cataracts, retinal detachment or obstruction of
ophthalmologist has a broad knowledge of general medicine and also
years of clinical training and experience in the diagnosis and treatment, both
medical and surgical of diseases and injuries that affect vision. An Ophthalmologist
should not be confused with an optometrist who is licensed only to examine eyes
and prescribe corrective lenses.
Often patients of Ophthalmologists
seek care only after their vision has been impaired or when there is significant
pain. Because serious damage may have taken place by then, it pays to heed early
warning signs and to seek out expert advice promptly. Some of the signs are fuzzy
vision, double vision, halos, crossed eyes, "cobwebs," "floaters," flashes
of light, sensitivity to light, inflamed eyes, white pupil and "cat's-eye" pupil.
It is advisable for adults
past the age of 40 to have periodic checkups for glaucoma and, in later years,
checkups for cataracts every two years. Patients who have sickle-cell anemia
or diabetes should have their eyes examined every six months.