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EteUen gears ago we imported our loco- motive engines from England; now we have 600 in use, nearly all of them made in this country while we have exported more than 50 locomotives to Russia, Austria and to England. Eleven years ago, all grades, to exceed 30 feet to the mile was thought inad- missble, barrel of flour is now transport ed from Albany to Boston, 200 miles, for 20 cents the bbl., to include every charge, over grades of from 30 to 95 feet to the mile.- Eleven years ago, it was considered that rail ways could not carry freight, or compete with canals ;-now, the State of New York refuses to permit the private line of railways. parallel to the Erie canal, to carry freight. even burthened with canal tolls The Phi ladelphia, Reading and Pottsville Railroad side by side with the Schuylkill canal, has caused the stock of the canal to fall in the market more than 50 per cent, and the rail- road has reduced the price heretofore charg- ed by the canal for freight, nearly in the same ratio. The railway transports gross ton of coal, 2240 lbs. 100 miles, for S1 40 or in the ratio of one and fourth cents per mile per ton of 2000 lbs

 Owing to the want of capital in this coun try, q large portion of our railroads have the light flat bar. These, however, are being taken up on main lines, and the edge rail, in its various forms, substituted An improve. ment in the forms and fastenings of the cast iron rails, to be made from our soft and tough metal, is about to be introduced, which, Ii 1t succeeds, will save us the duty on the imported article, and much in the construc- ton of our roads. .N Y. Snn.