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IX.h, which the English first obhterated and then
restored.


The favorable report OF Amadas and Barlow
resnecsire their voyage to America, induced Ra-
leigh and bis associates to ht out another exped-
ton the following year. In 1888 flee; OF seven
] ships under the command of Sir Richard Grcn-
vile, sailed from Eng land and arrived Oh the coast
Of Carolina in June. After exploring the country
in the vicinity of the coast Grenville fixed the
Island of Roanoke as place for establishing the
colony. He left here Io9 men under the COM
maud Of Mr.. Lane and returned to England. The
colonists, being much discouraged with their pros
poets, were taken off and sarried home by Sir
Francis Drake on his retsrn from the West Indies
the following year. BY these colonists the use o.
tobacco was introduced into England. Grenyille
again visited Carolina the same year and arrived
at Roanoke with supplies of men and provisions,
soon after the departure Of the cofonsts with
Drake, and having landed q number of men to re-
tain possession of the colony returned home. An
other expedition fitted out by Raleigh, under the
command of Captain White, consisting of three
ships and lis colonis,s, arrived al Roanoke in
1887. White then returned to England to obtain
farther supplies, but were sent for three
years, and then not OF the whole number OF
colonists was found nor were they ever atierward
heard of. They were supposed TO have pershed
BY famine or by attacks from the Indians.


After the disastrous termination of thsse adyen-
| turers, Carolina remained without any attention
from the English, French or Spaniards; so that
although Carolina (as Burke remarks was the
first part of the Atlantic coast of America which
had an European colony, YET, by an odd caprice, it
was for a long time deserted by both Eng land and
France, who settled with infinitely more difficulty
in climates much less advantageous or agreeable.


1t was not until the year 1868, in the reign OF
Charles the Second (of England) that a formal
| arrangement was made to effect settemest OF
Carolina as colony. In that year the King
granted to Lord Clarendon and other noblemen a
charter similar to that Of Maryland, for the prop
erty and Jurisdiction of the country from the 3lst
to the 36.h degree of north latitude. Two years
later this grant was confirmed with an enlarge


nent of bousdares. Small plantations on the
Chowan river by emigrants from Virginia, and
near Cape Fear BY colonists from Massachusetts,
had been commenced some years before. These
detached settlements at first placed under
distinct temporary governments, thus forming va
rious independent and separate colonies, each of
which had its own assembly, customs and laws; q
system which led TO much confusion and trouble


In 1869, the proprietors being dissatisfied with


the state of things in the colony, avaied them
selves of their power authorized by the charter,
to establish constitution for Carolina, " with the
assent of the freemen of the colony" The aid Of
the celebrated John Locke requested in franz
ing system of government for the province.
form of civil government was drawn up by this
philosopher, consisting of one hundred and twenty
articles, and adopted by the proprietors in March,
1861 A kind of feudal system was introduced
into this constitution. A court was constituted
in England, consisting Of the proprietors, called
the Palatine Court, of which the oldest proprietor
was the President or Chief Palatine, and in the
province there were barons, land graves and CO.
siques, us they were called, with large baronies
annexed who constituted a branch of the legisla-
ture. The whole of this complicated and singu-
lar plan was never adopted by the freemen or the
province.


The memory of Locke (says Judge Story) has
been often reproachrd with the beral character
of some cf the articles, the oppressive servilsde
of others, and the general disregard Of those
inns Of religious and political liberty, for which he
has in his treatiscs of government and other WI
lings contended with so much ability and success.
Probably there were many circumstances attend
ing this transaction which are now unknown, and
which might we'll have moderated the severity of
the reproach, and furnished, if not justification,
at least some apology for this extraordinary in
stance of unwise and visionary legislation"


Some parts of the system were adopted by the
freemen, but the attempts Of the preprietors to
carry it into complete effect, caused serious dis
putes between them and the colonsts. In some
respects it was found impracticable, and after
few years experience Of It's evil effects, the propr
etors, upon the application of the sreemsn in 1898,
abrogated the constitution and restored the pre-
vous form of government. Troubles however
were introduced which ended only in the dissou-
tien of the proprietary government. Religious
disputes were added 10 those of political nature,
and increased the animosities between the preprle
tors and the colonsts.


During the reign of James the Second an at
tempt was made by the Crown to deprive the pro-
prietors Of their charter, by filing quo @arramto
against, them, as had been done in other colonies
but before any thing deiini,ive took place, the
volutien in England of 1859 occurred, which stop
ped the proceedings. In 1898 the proprietors
made another constitution or system OF laws,
which embraced many of the principles Of the
first, and were not assented to by the people or
their representatives. What regulations the T,eo-
pie found applicable, they adopted al the request
of their governors but observed them account
of their proprie,y and necessity, rather than as
system of laws imposed them by British legis-
lators.


Although Carolina still single province
and owned by the same proprietors, yet the north
ern and southern settlements were about three
hundred miles apart, and had been (previous to
the adoption of Mr.. Locke's constitution, and
after it was abandoned governed by separate and
distinct legislatures, sometimes under COVER
nor. and sometimes under separate governors
The legislatures continued remain distinct until
the final surrender of the charter to the crown by
the proprictors in 1929. The respective terrific
res were designated by the names Of North Caro-
lima and South Carolina even before the province
was legally divided into two colonies by those
| narnas ~ rhich Hiu;. ION ,onL nlaca In lz2o Cara