Borys Ljatošyns'kyj
# Borys Ljatošyns'kyj

Borys Mykolajovič Ljatošyns'kyj (in ucraino: Бори́с Ми́колайович Лятоши́нський, angl. Borys Mykolayovych Lyatoshynskyi; in russo: Бори́с Ни́колаевич Лятоши́нский, traslitterato: Boris Nikolaevič Ljatošynskij,; Žytomyr, 3 gennaio 1895 – Kiev, 15 aprile 1968) è stato un direttore d'orchestra e compositore ucraino.

## Biografia

Nato a Žytomyr, in Ucraina, da padre docente di storia e madre pianista e cantante, cominciò a suonare pianoforte e violino all'età di 14 anni, componendo fin dall'inizio diversi brani, fra i quali un quartetto per pianoforte.

Dopo essersi diplomato nel 1913 al liceo di Žytomyr, Borys frequentò l'Università di Kyiv (dove si laureò nel 1918) e contemporaneamente il Conservatorio di Kyiv, dove apprese la composizione da Reinhold Glière. Nel 1920 tornò al Conservatorio, ma non come alunno, bensì come insegnante di Teoria e successivamente, dal 1922, di Composizione, per poi passare, negli anni '30-'40, al Conservatorio di Mosca.

La sua musica appartiene alla corrente surrealista del primo '900 e spesso le sue opere furono censurate dal regime sovietico, che le definiva "arte degenerata".

## Composizioni

### Orchestrali

* 5 symphonies
   * Symphony No. 1 A major opus 2 (1918-1919)
   * Symphony No. 2 B minor opus 26 (1935-1936) Revised in 1940.
   * Symphony No. 3 B minor opus 50 "To the 25th Anniversary of the October revolution" (1951)
   * Symphony No. 4 B Template:Music minor opus 63 (1963)
   * Symphony No. 5 C major "Slavonic" opus 67 (1965-1966)
* Fantastic March opus 3 (1920)
* Overture on four Ukrainian Folk themes opus 20 (1927)
* Suite from the Opera "The Golden Tire" opus 23 (1928)
* Lyric Poem (1947)
* Song of the Reunification of Russia opus 49 (1949-1950)
* Waltz (1951)
* Suite from the Film music "Taras Shevchenko" opus 51 (1952)
* Slavonic Concerto for piano and orchestra opus 54 (1953)
* Suite from the Play "Romeo and Juliet" opus 56 (1955)
* "On the Banks of Vistula", symphonic poem opus 59 (1958)
* Orchestration of String Quartet No. 2 A major opus 4 (No. 2 Intermezzo) for orchestra (1960)
* Polish Suite opus 60 (1961)
* Slavonic Overture opus 61 (1961)
* Lyric Poem "To the Memory of Glière" opus 66 (1964)
* Slavonic Suite opus 68 (1966)
* Festive Overture opus 70 (1967)
* "Grazhyna", ballade after A. Mickiewicz opus 58 (1955)

### Vocali/Corali Orchestrali

* Festive Cantata "To the 60th Anniversary of Stalin" after Rilskov for mixed chorus and orchestra (1938)
* "Inheritance", cantata after Shevtshenko (1939)

### Da camera/strumentali

* 5 string quartets
   * String Quartet No. 1 D minor opus 1 (1915)
   * String Quartet No. 2 A major opus 4 (1922)
   * String Quartet No. 3 opus 21 (1928)
   * String Quartet No. 4 opus 43 (1943)
   * String Quartet No. 5 (1944-1951)
* Piano Trio No. 1 opus 7 (1922) (revised in 1925)
* Sonata for violin and piano opus 19 (1926)
* Three Pieces after Folksong-Themes for violin and piano opus 25 (1932)
* Piano Trio No. 2 opus 41 (1942)
* Piano Quintet "Ukrainian Quintet" opus 42 (1942)
* Suite on Ukrainian Folksong-Themes for string quartet opus 45 (1944)
* Suite for wind quartet opus 46 (1944)
* Two Mazurkas on Polonian Themes for cello and piano (1953)
* Nocturne and Scherzino for viola and piano (1963)

### Piano

* Elegy-Prelude (1920)
* Piano Sonata No. 1 opus 13 (1924)
* Seven Pieces "Reflections" opus 16 (1925)
* Piano Sonata No. 2 "Sonata Ballade" opus 18 (1925)
* Ballad opus 22 (1928-1929)
* Ballad opus 24 (1929)
* Suite (1941)
* Three Preludes opus 38 (1942)
* Two Preludes opus 38b (1942)
* Shevchenko-Suite (1942) Not finished.
* Five Preludes opus 44 (1943)
* Concerto Etude-Rondo (1962-1965)
* Concert-Etude (1962-1967)

### Vocali

* "Moonshadow", song after Verlaine, I.Severyanin, Balmont and Wilde opus 9 (1923)
* Two Poems after Shelley opus 10 (1923)
* Two Songs after Maeterlinck and Balmont opus 12 (1923)
* Four Poems after Shelley opus 14 (1924)
* Poems for baritone and piano opus 15 (1924)

### Corali

* The Sun Rises at the Horizon, song after Shevtshenko for chorus
* Water, Flow into the Blue Lake!, song after Shevtshenko for chorus
* Seasons after Pushkin for chorus
* Po negy kradetsya luna after Pushkin for chorus
* Kto, volny, vas ostanovil after Pushkin for chorus

### Colonne Sonore

* Music to the Play "Optimistic Tragedy" (1932)
* Music to the Film "Taras Shevtshenko" (1950)
* Music to the Play "Romeo and Julia" (1954)
* Music to the Film "The Hooked Pig's Snout" (1956)
* Music to the Film "Ivan Franko" (1956)

### Bandistica

* March No. 1 for wind orchestra (1931)
* March No. 2 for wind orchestra (1932)
* March No. 3 for wind orchestra (1936)

### Trascrizioni

* Orchestration of Lysenko's opera Taras Bulba (Co-operation with L. Revutsky)
* Orchestration of Glière's Violin Concerto (Co-operation with K. G. Mostras)
