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earned improvements ny being brought lnlo colil-
petition with more wealthy class Of purchasers
ii the land sales,


The attention Of Congress was invited at their
last, and Is again at the present session, to the
Importance Of establishing territorial govern.
ment possession in Oregon; aud II Is 10 be regret.
ted that there was no legislation upon the SUBJECT
OnI nitizpns who nhabt that distant region Of
country are still lel without tho protection Of
our laws, or any regular organized government
Before the lesliun Of the limits and boundaries of
the territory Of Oregon was definitely settled
from the necessity Of their condition, the citizens
OF that territory had erected temporary govern.
men, Of their own, Bpsides the want Of legal
authority for continuing such GoyeInment, i is
wholly inadequate to protect them ia their rights
Of peton aud nfnpetly, Of to secure to them The
privileges and eniaymenls Of other citizens 10
which they are entitled under the Constitution Of
the United States. They should have the light Of
suffrage, be represented IN territorial legislature,
and by delegate in Congress, possess the rights
aud privileges that citizens of the United States
have heretofore enjoyed, or may now enjoys our
Judicial system, revenue laws regarding trade aud
intercourse with the Indian tribes, aud tho pto,ee,
ton Of our laws generally, should be extended
over them


In addition 10 the inhabitants Of the territory, who
had previously emigfated to 1t, large numbers Of
our citizens have followed them during the pres.
ent year, aud il is not doubted iha, during the
ngAl year their numbers will be gfchtly Increased.
Nohgtesa, at is last session, established posi
routes Trading 10 Oregon, and between different
psnts within that Territory. aud authorized the
cs,shlishmeni Of pasl.oiliees at Astoria aud such
other plaees on the cost Of the Pacific. within tho
territory OF the United States, as the public in.
terrsts may requifr. Posi.oitoes have according.
~ been established, deputy pasmiseU have been
appointed aud provision made for the lfiuspoHa.
una OF the NAL


The preservation Of peace with the Indian
tribes fssding west Of the Rocky mountains will
render It proper that authority should be giycn by
law, for the appointment Of al adequate number
Of Indian agents to reside among them.


recommend that surveyor generals Office
be established IN that territory, aud that the pub.
he lands be surveyed aud brought into market At
All early period.


recommend, also. that grants upon liberal terms,
Of limited quantities OF the public lands, be made
10 all citizens Of the United States who have en-.
grated. or may hereafter. within prescribed pc.
nod, emigtate 10 Oregon aud settle upon the
lands


II those hatdy aud adventurous claos, who
have encountered the dangers and priyaiion- oi
long aud ioilsoma Journey, have at length iound
al abiding Place laf themselves aud their families
upon the uliuasi verge ai ouf westen luiits, they
should be secured IN lheif homes which lhcy have
improved by their lah1f


refer yan ia the accompanying report OF the
Secretary of War for a detailed account Of the
operations Of the safous branches OF lhr pihlie
service eoaufelsd Rith the department under hs
charge The duiisa dsyalsag on hs department
have been unusually onrfaus and responsible. du-
nag the pasi ssasen, and have been discharged
with ability aud sueesss.


paeIis iaIalisnz asisi with the yanous lndian
tribes. aud most ol turn nauiIvs, a strong ineaI.
ship lof "a. sama drpfedalions were committed
daang tie Rtzi ysaf upan our trans. transporting
sHpniies Tor on army on ths road between the
Wrslrfa hBfief Of Museum aud Santa T.. These
depfeditiuns, winch supposed to have been
cnnni tel IN htals ron the ~ ols OF New
Mrsieo. have been arrested by the pfcsclcr OF
,Bhllafy force, ofdsfrd out Tor that purpose
some palaasa haye been petpetp,cd by pof.
tBn of tie northwestern bands upon the weaker
and comparatively dFlenceless neghhofing inbts
Pnomp, measures were taken to prevent such oo.
cuftrHe-s IN future.


Between one and iWo thousand lndius have
hscn removed from east Of the MlssssipPlto TO the
country allotted to iheu, west Of that fiyer, as
their permanent home, aud arrangements have
bren made for others 10 follow.


Since the treaty Of 1876 with the Cherokees,
the irud, among them appears 10 have subadcd,
aud they have become more untod and contcnted
than they have been for many years past The
commissioners appointed ia pursuance Of the act
uf June y, 1916, 20 settle the claims arising un.
der the treaty Of ISIS aud 1876, with that tribe
have executed their duties, aud ailrr patient IN.
,esuealion and full aud fair examination Of the
cases brought before them, closed their labors IA
the month Of July last This is the fourth board
Of commissioners which has been organiled un'
der thus treaty. Ample opportunity has been of
frfcd 10 al those Interested, to bring forward Their
claims No doubt Is entertained that impartial
justice ha. been done by the late board, aud that
valid claims embraced BY the treaty have been
considered and allowed Thi. result aud the final
settlement To be made with this tribe under the
treaty of 1916, which will he completed aud laid
before you during your session, viii adjust all
questions Of controversy between them, aud pro-
,lnce state Of relations with them simple, we'll
defined, aud satisfactory


Under the Discretionary authority conferred by
the act Of 30 Of March last, tho annulilcs due 10
the various tribes have been paid, during the pres
ent year, 10 tho heads Of families instead OF to
their chiefs or to such persons as they might de-
signate, except as by the laws prcvonsly existing
This mode nf payment has giyed general si'islac-
ton to the great body Of the Indians Jnice has
h'rh done 70 ihem anu ihHl NJ" g'a''u' :" w,
Government forlt. A few chiefs aud interested
persons may object To this mode Of payment but
II Is we'd TO he the only mode Of preventing
'ftaud and imposition from being practIccj upon
the great body Of the common Indians, constIlu'
ting a great majority Of all the tribes


Its gratifying to perceive that number Of
tribes have recently manifested nn increased IN
tcrcst ~ the estabis mcnl Of schools amongst
them aud are making rapid advances IN agucul.
,urc some Of ,hcm producing sufficient quantity
Of foou for their support and surplus to dispose
Of to their neighbors The comforts by which
those, who have received even a. very limited ed
ucaon and have engaged in agriculture are sur
rounded, tend gradually TO draw of their less civ
iIized brethren from the prchrous meansoi slhs's'
tence by the chase, TO habits ol labor ana cvlI'Ia
ton.


The accompanying report Of the Secretary Of
,hc Navy nrrsputs the satisfactory account OF the