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be the mere stipendiaries and instruments of the. central power.

 ,, oate s,., s, t.5 of our several States, will be satisfied, on . little reflection, that t $ neither wise nor safe to release the members of their local Legislatures from the responsibility of le- wing the taxes necessary to support their State G-eyeranenfs: and vest it n Congress, over most et whose members they have no control. They will not think 1t expedlent that Congress shall be the tax gatherer and pays..ssstsss of all thesr State Governments, thus arnalgamat;ng all their officers inte one mass Of common interest and common feeling. Itis too obvious that such course wonld. suhyert olr well balanced system of Government, and ultimately deprive Us of all the blessings now derlved from our hap py Union.

 However wiling l might be that any un- avoidable surpils in the Treasury should be returned to the people through their State Governnents, cannot assent to the principle tbat surplus may be created for the purpose ol distribution. Viewing this bill Us in effect assuming the right, not only te ese.ssttsa ss.ss,lus tor thai pnfpose. but to divide the contents Of the Treasury among the States without limitation, from whatever source they may be derived, and asserting the power to raise and appropriate money fer the sapportof every State Government and institution, as well as for making every local iapses sesnaat, however triylalsl cannot give 1t my consent.

 It is diffieultt to perceive what advantages would accrue to the old States CT the new, from the system of distribution which this bill proposes, if it were otherwise unobjec- tionable It requires no argument to prove that If ffree millions of dollars year, or any other sum. shall be taken out of the Treasury by his hills for distribution, 1t mess be replaced by the same sum collected from the. people through some ether means. Enc old statesWill receive annually a sum of money from the Treasury, but they will pay II a larger sun, together witi the ex- penses of collection and distribution. 1t is only their Prppoftlon of seyen-elghths of fhe proceeds of land sales which they are ] tos receive; liilt they must pay their due proportion on the whole. Disguise t as He may, the bill proposes to them dead losss u tbe fatio of eight to seven, in addi- lion te expenses and other incidental losses. ] This assertion is net the less tue because ] 1t nay not tt f5ft be paipabie. Their re. eeipts silI be in hfee sums, but their pay nlentz in s!nail oaes. The Governments af ll1e States wilifeceise seven dollars for #h;eh the people of the States will pay eight. The large sums received will be paipable to the senses; the smallsums paid, i ii requires thought to identify. But little eoasidefadoq viii satisfy the people that ] the effect is @ae same as if seven hundred dollars wely given them from the public 'ii'reiss'sry, for which they were at the same l time required to pay ln taxes, dnuet or fn- (lireett, o;ssh!itt o:;sss,!itt hundred hundred.

 deceive myself greatly if the new States would find their interests promoted l by such system as this bill proposes. Their 1 true policy consists In the rapid settling and improvement of the waste lands within their limits. As means of hasteaing those events, they have long been looking to q reduction in the price of the public lands upon the final payment ofthe national debt. The effect of the proposed system would be to prevent that reduction. It Is true, the bill reserves to Congress tho power to reduce the price, but the effect of its de- tails, as now arranged, would probably be forever to prevent it's exercise.

 l With the just men who inhabit the new States, t IS a sufficient reason to reject this system, that 1t Is m violation of the funda- mental laws of he Republic and it's con- stitialon. But i 1t were mere question Iof interest or elYedieney, they would still reject it. They would not sell their bright prospect of increasing wealth and growing power at such price. They would not place d sun, of ,ne..ey te be paid into their Ireasares, n competition with the settle ment of their waste lands, and the increase of' theirp population. They would not con- sislcF small Or | large annual sum to be pad to their Governments and immediate iy expended, as an equivalent for that en- during wealth which is composed of hocks and herds andcultiyated farms. No temp- tation will allure them from that object of abiding interest, the settlement of their waste lands, and the increase of a hardy race of free ei'izens--their glory in peace, and their defence in war.