A MONTH LATER FROM ENGLAND
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and the ship NapOIeOn, Ot &4lh Dec.. rom Liverpool, both arrived last night, giving us from England accounts one month later than previously received.

 The most impOrtent intelligence. at this mOment. tO our community, indeed to the whole country, is considerable and UOantici- pated improvement in the price of the great staple Of Cotton.

 Some apprehension existed, we learn. that American Stocks sent to England for sale, might, with the bills drawn against them, be returned by these packets. Nothing Of the sort, however, has occurred.

 In political matters the most interesting is that which concerns the growing difficulties between E0gland and Fra8ce on the one side. and Russia on the other, Ostensibly, respect ing the navigation of the Black Sea, but in truth, because of the design becoming more and more manifest of Russia to possess her self gradually. but surely, of the magnificent ruins of the Turkish Empire in Europe. It is said that the partition of Turkey was resolved upon at the late conference at Nun chengratz that Russia and Austria are to be the active agents in the affair; while Prussia will keep France in check OD the Rhine. A correspondent of the Iimes says "The scheme oS Joseph II. and Catherine II. as concOcted prior to i790, Is about to he realized. The death of MahmOudis to he { the signal and that vent is hourly predic- ted by his own subjects, who detest him. and who hate the Russians more, in consequence oftheir having come to support him. It isev- en affirmed that the treaty of partition was signed between the despoers at thrlr late 1 meeting in Silesia.

 "The period for the great effort on the part of Russia is at hand: alone the prey may es- cape her grasp; Austria is therefore invited, as in the case of Poland, to take share. The cautious proceedings SD long adopted by the 1 Cabinet of the Kremlin, of moving step by step and securing every position. must soOn be abandoned; and Russia and Austria, no longer acting as foes, are resolved with the speed of vultGres to devour the spoil. In France, the want is felt of great military lea der who could cOunteract this project by bolda display of power. England is compel led, for self.defence, to prevent the aggran- dizement of Russia by aiding France. One }step on the part of any statesman may, on the death of Mahmoud, inv olve Turkey. and light the blaze of war in Italy and along the line of the Rhinr.''

 It does not appear what authority the wri ter possesses for these assertions. The facts, however, which he states. and the consequencG anticipated from them, are sufficiently plausi- ble.

 By an article from the Times. it will be per- crived that both France and England are sen- siby increasing their naval force, atloat. and the only plausible explanation of these pre- parations seems to be, that OfhOlding in cheek, :or if necessary. acting offensively against

 Russia, in the Mediterranean and Black Sea.

 From Spain and Portugal we have direct accounts, later than those received by the

 packets. Details, however, are supplied by

 them. of some interest.

 I'M r Sl, ne [

 condition of the internal affairs of both these

 countries. ..... ...-.,...- The report of the trlstnlssHi uf NJ. Cruz the

 war mIhIster at Madrid, is confirmed: |: but

 Zea Bermndez still retains his post. M. Ear

 co del Valle, decided Liberal, and friend of the Marquis De las AmariIlas, is appointed tn the War department 0d inttrim: and there, seems to be no doubt that the interest of the

 Liberals in the Queens councils has lately been much strengthened. Great efforts have been made to procure the removal of Zra Brr- mudez. by Count Florida Blanca; who has addressed a strong Anti Ministerial letter tu the Queen {; but the Minister has hlheri" possessed the firm support of M. Rayneyal. the French Ambassador; aud until that fails him, it is believed his place will be tolerabiy { secure.

 Saarsfeld has resigned the immediate com mand of the army to General Valdez, and is appointed Vice Roy of Navarro. It seems that this long, and apparently unaccoantahle Inaction at Burgos, was owing tO want of vii gor. or perhaps to treachery. in the late Min 1 ister of War. Cruz; by whom he was left un- supplied with the necessary endorsements, and hampered with contradictory orders.- The vigorous representations of the Liberals. and the growing dissatisfaction in the capital, at lengthcompeled the Queen to interfere.-- SaarsGeld sent in his resignation of the com mand; but first insisted upon putting virtual end to the war by the capture of Vittoria and Bilboa.

 The accounts from Portugal are unsatisfac- tory to all who wish for speedy tcrmina,ion of the contest. Don Pedro gains no ground in the interior, and succeeds principally in dis gnsiiDg his daughters best friends in the cap ital. M Caryalho, his Prime Minister, is ka- ted as heartily as his master; but, in his posi- ton, what Minister could be popular for a | month together?

 stiguel has lately increased his force at Santarem, by recruits; and the arrival of a detachment of 5000 men from his army, be- fore OportO, has enabled him. once more to assume the offensive. He has dispatched troops into the Alentejo, with the intention it was supposed, of attacking Faro and Lagos in. the Algarve.

 The latter place had been supplied win provisions and few soldiers by Napier; who~ | n- Il.