FRIDAY, December 3, 1928.
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baton or acquiescence of her allies, and we may
indulge the hope that its progress and termination
will be signallzed by the moderation and torbear-
ance, no less than by the energy OF the Emperor
Nicholas and that it will afford the opportunity for
such collateral agency in behalf OF the suffering
Greeks as will secure to them ultimately the trl-
umph Of humanity and of freedom.


The state of our particular relations with France
has scarcely varied in the of the present year
The commercial intercourse between the two coun-
tries has continued to increase for the mutual bene-
fit of both. The claims OF indemnity to numbers OF
our fellow citizens for depredations upon their pro-
perty, heretofore committed, duringthe Revouuna-
ry Governments, st remain nnadjusted, " still form
the subject OF earnest representation and remon-
STRANGE. Recent adyices from the Minister of the
United States at Paris encourage the expectation
that the appeal to the justice Of the French Gov
ernment will ere long receive favorable consider
alton.


The last friendly expedent has been resorted to
for the decision o the controversy with Great br-
tain, relating to the Northeastern boundary OF the
United States. BY an agreement with the British
Government, carrying into effect the provisions OF


the fifth article of the treaty of Ghent, and the Con-
vention of 29th September, 1927, his Majesty the
King of the Netherlands has by common consent
been selected as the umpire between the parties.





the performance Of tins friendly office will be made
ut an early ay and the United States, relying upon
the jus ice of their cause, will cheerfully commit the
arbitrament of it to a Prince equally distinguished
for the independence OF his spirit, his interchangeable
assiduty to the duties OF his station, and his ineXi


Bile personal probIty.


| Our commercial relations with Great Britain will


deserve the serious consideration OF Congress, and
the exercise of concillaory and iorbearug spirit
| 10 the policy of both Governments. L he state of
them has been materially changed by the act OF
Con ress passed at their last Session, IN alteration
of the severa acts Imposing duties imposs, and
| BY acts Of more recent date of the British Parlia-
ment The effect of the nterdiction of direct trade


commenced by Great Britain, and reciprocated by


the United States has been, was to be foreseen,
only 10 substitute different channels for exchange
Of commodities indls pensable to the colonies, and


profitable to numerous class OF our fellow citizens
| The exports, the revenue, the navigation OF the u
States have suffered no di5lirzouhy "rr exclusion
from the direct access to the British Colonies. The
Colonies pay dearly for the necessaries OF
lfe which their Government burdens with the


charges Of double voyages, freight insurance and
commission, and the profits OF our exports are


somewhat impaired, anti more lnJurlously transfer


red from one portion OF our citizens to another.
The resumption of tins old and otherwise exploded


system OF Colonial exclusion has not secured to the
shipping interest of Great Britain the relief which,
a the expense of the distant colonies, and of the
United States it was expected to afford Other
measures have been resorted to, more poinedly
bearing upon the navigation OF the United States,


and hch unless modified by the construction CIV
en- to the recent Acts of Parliament will be mani
festly incompatible with the positive stlpulatons OF


the commercial convention existing between the two
! countries. That convention, however, may be ter
minated with twelve months notice, at the option
of either party.


A treaty OF Amity, Navigation, and Commerce.
, between the United States and His Majesty the
Emperor of Austria. King of Hungary and Bohemia
has been prepared for signature by the Secretary
: of State and by the Baron de Lederer, intrusted
= with full puwers of the Austrian Government. In.
iependcnt!y of the new and friendly relation.
which may be thus commenced with one of the mos


eminent and powerful nations of the EARTH the oc


ca sion has been taken in it, as in other recent Trea
ties concluded by the United States to extend 'host


principles Of liberal intercourse and Of fair rccipro
u city which intertwine with the exchanges of com


merce the principles OF justice, and the feelings o
0 mutual benevolence. This system, hrst proclaim
: ed TO the world in the first commercial Treaty cv


er concluded by the United States, that of 9th Feb
r ruary, 1878, with France, has been invariably thu
e cherished policy of Union. 1t is by treaties o
e commerce alone that it can be made ultimately f


prevail as the established system Of all civilized
It tions.-With this principle our fathers extende


the hand Of friendship to every nation OF the globe


and to this policy our country has ever since adhe
i red-whatever Of regulation in our laws has eve
J. been adopted unfa'orabe to the interest of an,
j. foreign nation, has been essentially defensive an
J., counteractng similar eguatons Of theirs opera
II ting against US.


It Immediately after the close Of the war Of Inde
a penlence, Commissioners were appointed by th
d Congress of the Confederation. authorized to con
cude treaties with every nation .of Europe dispos
: ed to adopt them. Before the wars of the Frencl
i, revolution, such treaties had been consummate
i with the United Netherlands. Sweden, and Prussia
i During those wars, treaties with q. Britain am