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Tipping Climate Negotiations / Geoffrey Heal and Howard Kunreuther. NBER, April 2011  (working paper ; 16954)http://papers.nber.org/papers/w16954Thinking about tipping provides a novel perspective on finding a way   forward in climate negotiations and suggests an alternative to the   current framework of negotiating a global agreement on reductions in   greenhouse gas emissions. Recent work on non-cooperative games shows   games with increasing differences have multiple equilibria and have a   “tipping set,” a subset of agents who by changing from the inefficient   to the efficient equilibrium can induce all others to do the same. We   argue that international climate negotiations may form such a game and   so have a tipping set. This set is a small group of countries who by   adopting climate control measures can make in the interests of all   others to do likewise. (© NBER)