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Aziz N.A., Monzini P., Pastore F., The Changing Dynamics of Cross-border Human Smuggling and Trafficking in the Mediterranean, NewMed Research Network, Istituto Affari Internazionali, Rome,   2015"Moving from the understanding of the two phenomena of human smuggling and trafficking, which are close to one another but conceptually different, the report discusses the extent to which old and new realities in the Mediterranean region have an impact on regional and crossregional migration flows, with special attention devoted to the analysis of new trends in the smuggling market along two routes, namely the Central Mediterranean route from Libya to Italy and the Eastern Mediterranean one. This overview of the main dynamics and practices concerning “mixed migration flows” in the Mediterranean region is compounded by an original perspective that sheds light on some judiciary inquiries and proceedings that have been able to reconstruct not only the final segments of the smuggling circuit from Libya to Italy but also its overall structure, including its complex transnational connections. The report concludes with a policy section highlighting the potentialities and limits of international cooperation."  (ed.)pdf :    human smuggling