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https://doi.org/10.1080/08865655.2019.1570861ABSTRACT Theories of migration deterrence have long posited that border enforcement infrastructure pushes migration routes into more rugged and deadly terrain, driving an increase in migrant mortality. Applying geospatial analysis of landscape and human variables in one highly-trafficked corridor of the Arizona / Sonora border, we test whether the expansion of surveillance infrastructure has in fact shifted migrants’ routes toward areas that are more remote and difficult to traverse. We deploy a modeling methodology, typically used in archaeological and military science, to measure the energy expenditure of persons traversing the borderlands. Outcomes of this model are then compared to the changes in border infrastructure and records of fatality locations. Findings show that there is a significant correlation between the location of border surveillance technology, the routes taken by migrants, and the locations of recovered human remains in the southern Arizona desert. Placed in the context of ongoing efforts by the United States to geographically expand and concentrate border surveillance and enforcement infrastructure, we argue that this suggests a third “funnel effect” that has the outcome of maximizing the physiological toll imposed by the landscape on unauthorized migrants, long after migration routes have moved away from traditional urban crossing areas. KEYWORDS: GIScience, health, human migration, border surveillance, biopolitics, spatial analysis PEOPLE ALSO READ : Maze or Labyrinth: Identifying PTSD Stressors in the Built Space of Zaatari and Calais Refugee Camps, Samuel N. Chambers et al. , The Professional Geographer Volume 70, 2018 - Issue 4 Published online: 5 Apr 2018 Border work: surveillant assemblages, virtual fences, and tactical counter-media , Tamara Vukov et al. , Social Semiotics Volume 23, 2013 - Issue 2, Published online: 20 May 2013 Speaking to The Wall: Reconceptualizing the US–Mexico Border “Wall” from the Perspective of a Realist and Constructivist Theoretical Framework in International Relations, Jessica Becker, Journal of Borderlands Studies , Published online: 12 Jun 2018 Ecoutez en podcast :https://kxci.org/podcast/geography-of-deterrence/?fbclid=IwAR0U9PfIhcJn7Tf0KcV7t3UmKCPy4OewUMkiQdvCExgcOGBcczmqmemXbTEillustration @ Damien Simonneau, avec son accord