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Issues and options with regard to the renewables target in the context of the 2030 EU Climate and Energy Package / Thomas Spencer, Michel Colombier &#38; Teresa Ribera. Paris : IDDRI, janvier 2014, 13 p. (Policy Brief n°4/2014)http://www.iddri.org/Publications/Collections/Syntheses/PB0414_TS%20MC%20TR_EU%20package_EnR_web.pdfKey points (© IDDRI) :Renewables - a contested success story of the 2008 packageThe renewables target in the current package has leveraged significant growth in renewables. The share of renewables in final energy consumption increased from 9.7% in 2007 to 13% in 2011; in electricity from 15.8% to 21.7%. Unit costs have fallen as well. However, the renewables targets have also generated significant conflict. The synthetic indicator used to distribute EU targets (GDP/capita) has meant that some Member States must make significant efforts, in the final analysis possibly in excess of their economic potential and preferences. Top-down targets have unleashed policy innovation and capacity expansion in Member States; but in some cases effective appropriation in Member States’ policy approaches has lagged behind.Why do we need a fraemwork for renewables in the future package ?Nonetheless, there are still strong arguments for a framework for renewables in the future package. Firstly, these technologies will be vital to any long-term, decarbonisation scenario. Secondly, there are still significant cost cuts that must be achieved in many renewables technologies, via technological and systemic learning driven by controlled capacity expansion and enhanced R&#38;D. Thirdly, coordinating policy and infrastructure planning, as well as market integration and state aid policy all require that we have a clear idea of the direction of the EU energy mix and Member State policy efforts.Options for a renewables frameworkIn this context, this paper explores options to include renewables in the 2030 climate and energy package. These include binding, top-down targets, non-binding targets, and binding, bottom-up targets negotiated within an EU framework. Whatever approach is taken to the options discussed in the paper, it appears that a key role of the 2030 package should be to strengthen planning and policy processes within Member States, and in turn its integration at EU level.