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Yves Charbit &#38; Véronique Petit (2017)In: Petit,  V. (2017): Population Studies and Development from Theory to Fieldwork, pp 225-236.Abstract. The general conclusion widens reflection on issues raised by the relation between research and action around a central idea: how can the indisputable contribution made by science be reconciled with the expectations and needs of the programmes and projects? Our experience of relations between field research and institutional demands leads us to emphasise the need to take into account four categories of actors and the interactions that characterise them. However, this typology must not lead to assuming that an egalitarian dialogue exists between these different categories. These actors play specific roles at particular sociological and political levels, they are marked by particular institutional rationales governing their actions, and, finally, they act within systems of constraints that can either brake or accelerate development. Identifying and understanding the rationales underlying the responses of actors is an essential point in our perspective. Finally, the theory of change and response, associated with the methodology of village monographs, does not only provide new paths for facilitating the implementation of development projects, it more generally reflection on the change from research to action.Link to the review