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The Allocation of Emission Allowances Free of Charge: Legal and Economic Considerations /  Luca Rubini and by Ingrid Jegou. Geneva : ICTSD. Aug. 2011, 76 p. (Transition to a Low Carbon Series ; Issue Paper 18)http://ictsd.org/i/publications/112396/This piece of research looks into the practice of using free allowances within an ETS, and analyses whether this can amount to a subsidy. The purpose is to shed light on a policy tool that is widely used, and to discuss whether it might conflict with trade and trade rules and thus with the opportunities of trade to contribute to sustainable development.