{"word_count": 667, "character_count": 4501}
Application of the economic theory of self-control to model energy conservation behavioral change in households / Berndt Lundgren and Mårten Schultzberg. School of Architecture and the Built Environment KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2019, 19 p. (Working Paper 2019:01) lienSmart meters and in-house displays hold a  promise of energy conservation for those who invest in such technology.  Research has shown that households only have a limited interest in such  technology and information is thus often neglected, with rather limited  energy savings. Surprisingly few empirical investigations have a  theoretical foundation that may explain what is going on from a  behavioral perspective. In this study the economic theory of  self-control is used to model energy-eﬃcient behavior in middle-income  households in Sweden. Our results show that diﬀerent levels of  energy-eﬃcient behavior do not really have any impact on the actual  consumption levels of electricity. Instead, diﬀerent beliefs exist of  being energy-eﬃcient, but the households do not act accordingly. Our  results suggest that the payment time period should be changed to  stimulate the monitoring of bills and to introduce a gaming strategy to  change incentives for energy conservation. Agir sans attendre: notre plan pour le climat / Alain Grandjean. Les Liens qui libèrent, mai 2019 lien  Quelle est cette folie qui enferme la France et l’Europe dans  l’attentisme alors que se rapproche la catastrophe climatique ? Nous  n’investissons pas assez – loin de là – pour développer une économie  sobre et durable. Pourquoi ? Parce que tous les gouvernements sont  guidés par un diktat politique fondé sur le court-termisme et la  priorité exclusive donnée aux contraintes économiques. Cet ouvrage d’Alain Grandjean,&#160;préfacé  par Nicolas Hulot, déconstruit un à un les arguments qui justifient  l’inaction et propose une piste de sortie par le haut. En effet, aucune  règle ne nous empêche d’agir. La démission fracassante de Nicolas Hulot l’a rappelé : il est temps de  bousculer la léthargie politique des dirigeants européens et de profiter  de la flexibilité que les traités de l’Union européenne autorisent.  Aujourd’hui, la mise en œuvre d’un véritable plan Marshall vert  s’impose. Making Carbon Taxation a Generational Win Win / Laurence J. Kotlikoff, Felix Kubler, Andrey Polbin, Jeffrey D. Sachs, Simon Scheidegger, NBER Working Paper No. 25760, April 2019 lienCarbon taxation has been studied primarily in social planner or  infinitely lived agent models, which trade off the welfare of future and  current generations. Such frameworks obscure the potential for carbon  taxation to produce a generational win-win. This paper develops a  large-scale, dynamic 55-period, OLG model to calculate the carbon tax  policy delivering the highest uniform welfare gain to all generations.  The OLG framework, with its selfish generations, seems far more natural  for studying climate damage. Our model features coal, oil, and gas, each  extracted subject to increasing costs, a clean energy sector, technical  and demographic change, and Nordhaus (2017)’s temperature/damage  functions. Our model’s optimal uniform welfare increasing (UWI) carbon  tax starts at $30 tax, rises annually at 1.5 percent and raises the  welfare of all current and future generations by 0.73 percent on a  consumption-equivalent basis... lireAgroecology and carbon neutrality in europe by 2050: what are the issues? Findings from the TYFA modelling exercise / Pierre-Marie Aubert, Marie-Hélène Schwoob (IDDRI), Xavier Poux (AScA, IDDRI). Paris : IDDRI, April 2019, 52 p.   lien The latest IPCC report1 sets the objective of achieving carbon neutrality by 2050, 2070 at the latest. The sustainable intensification of agricultural production, in a land sparing logic, is most often considered as a necessary step to achieve this. In contrast, this Study questions the potential contribution of a more extensive agroecological food system (i.e. land sharing logic). It rests on a comparison of the TYFA (Ten Years For Agroecology in Europe) scenario with the agricultural component of recently published scenarios achieving carbon neutrality by 2050,2 using a multi-criteria dashboard. The objective of climate mitigation is put in the broader perspective of transitioning towards a sustainable food system, taking into account the challenges of human health, conservation of natural resources and biodiversity, and adaptation to climate change...