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WORKSHOPANR « GlobAfrica » IFRA – JOOUSTProgram 13/14/15 November 2018 – IFRA NairobiDissemination of American Plants and Historical Changes in the African Great Lakes region Partnership: LAM-UPPA / CNRS / CIRAD / U. Burundi / JOOUST / KU / UoN / Moi Univ. / NMK /Une approche régionale (région des grands lacs) sur la diffusion des plantes américaines et ses impacts (économique démographique politique culturel.. )et ses différenciations sous-régionales, à Nairobi IFRA 13/14 novembre matin, la forme choisie est le séminaire (sur invitation).une approche monographique  Western et Nyanza province sur ce même sujet en s’interrogeant sur la singularité historique de cet espace historique à  Nairobi IFRA 14/15 novembre, la forme choisie est la conférence (sur invitation)Une table ronde le 15 novembre sur divergence et connexion historique, (sur invitation)The meeting-workshoop into three parts,a regional approach (Great Lakes Region) about the dissemination of American plants and its different impacts (economic demographic political cultural..)  the regional differentiation , at  Nairobi IFRA 13/14 morning november, workshoop (academic invitations)a monographic approach (focus case and field research) about Western and Nyanza province, on this same topic in questioning the historical singularity and divergence history, at IFRA 14 november, conference (academic invitations)IFRA 15 november: academic round table “divergence and connection”ProblématiqueLes questions soulevées par la diffusion des plantes américaines dans le Région des Grands Lacs(en premier  la diversité culturale, en second ses interactions démographique, économique, socioculturelle, politique..), à compter du XVIème siècle et dans un espace régional (la western kenyan, Karivondo colonial, correspondant aux sociétés Luo Luhya, Gussi et leurs voisins…) s’interrogent sur le peuplement et sur les moteurs de tels changements (les environnements économiques, socio-culturels, politiques… ). Cependant les limites des données archéologiques et des traditions orales-données linguistiques imposent des méthodes complémentaires modélisant l’évolution historique: une rétroprojection à partir des données du tournant du XIX-XX (voire actuelles dans le cas des plantes),  la collecte des preuves-témoignages indirects portant sur les peuplements et la démographie, les changements économiques, socioculturels et politiques, enfin l’étude des paysages et de l’occupation de l’espace. Ce faisant, cette approche met en évidence un paradoxe, sinon une divergence par rapport aux évolutions voisines dans la région des grands lacs, l’absence de constructions monarchiques.Ces interrogations associant des approches pluridisciplinaires recoupent celles suscitées par le site de Thimlich Ohinga et au-delà par la multiplication des sites fortifiés, et y répondent en partie du moins en reconstituant un arrière-plan. The problems raised by the dissemination of American plants (first, crop diversity, then its demographic, economic, socio-cultural, politic inter-actions), from 16th century in a regional area (the western kenyan case, the Karivondo colonial, corresponding to Luo, Luhya, Gussi areas and their neighbors...), question the settlement process and its historical engines-changes (environments economic, socio-cultural, political...). However the limit of archaeological data and linguistic data-oral traditions impose additional methods modelling historical evolution: a back-projection from data’s at the turn of the XIX - XX (or even current in the case of plants), the indirect proxis evidences about settlements and demography, economic, socio-cultural and political changes, finally the study of landscapes and the space’s occupation. In doing so, these historical and archeologist approach highlights a paradox, if a difference from the neighboring developments in the Region of the Great Lakes, the absence of kingdom constructions.In doing so, these topics overlap the debate raised by Thimlich Ohinga site and the fortified sites; they respond in part at least by restoring the historical background.Historical Regional Panorama13 November 10h-17h10 h Welcome IFRA–JOOUST ICHMS: Mildred Ndeda (JOOUST) &#38; Marie-Aude Fouéré (IFRA)GlobAfrica ANR Presentation: Christian THIBON (LAM-UPPA), Isaya ONJALA (JOOUST)10h30-12h: Worldwide Interconnections with Africa using Crops as Historical Markers, Geo COPPENS, Michele SCHIAVO, Elisa CARON, Dismas ONGWEN, Joseph Ireri KAMAU, Bernard RONO, Christian LECLERC (CIRAD/Depart. of Museums and Monuments, Kampala/KALRO)Discussants: Patrick HAYOMBE (JOOUST), Pamela WERE (JOOUST), Washington NDIIRI (Kenyatta Univ.)13h30-15h: Population Growth and Densities, Socio-Political Landscapes and Crop Diversification in the Great Lakes region: The Demographic Variable, Indicator and Witness of American Plants Dissemination, Peripheral and Central Histories, Christian THIBON (UPPA-LAM).Discussants: Peter NDEGE (Moi Univ.), Agatha ALIDRI (Makerere Univ.)15h15: Salt and Iron at the Heart of the Exchanges, Circulation and Trade in the Great Lakes region during Precolonial Times, Elizabeth VIGNATI (LAM).Discussants: John MWARUVIE (Karatina Univ.), Pius KAKAI (Kenyatta Univ.)14 November 9h-12h9h-10h30: Plants, Rituals and Political Power in the Great Lakes region, Émile MWOROHA (Univ. du Burundi)Discussants: Henri MÉDARD (Univ. Aix Marseille), Maria ONYANGO (JOOUST)10h45-12h: Interactive Historical Regional Maps, Valérie ALFAURT (LAM)14 November 13h30-17h“Western Nyanza Provinces, Kenyan Western Case”,Thimlich Ohinga Background,Historical Issues and Heritage EnigmaIssue: a singular history between historical divergence (the central scenario of Great Lakes kingdoms is not reproduced) and frontier (we are in front of “border”, exchanges between waves of migration-settlements, mobility and encounters), the question of the settlement and social building (Luo, Luhya, Gusii…) facing a “heritage without history (Royal-court Chronicles)”. This question echoes of Thimlich Ohinga Unesco ranking. Settlement history and socio-economic changes are the background of this heritage.13h30 Thimlich Ohinga in Archeological, Historical, Ethnographic and Cultural Context, Paul LANE (University of Cambridge), Introduction (visio-conference)14h Historical Settlement Patterns and Models, Migrations and Valorization, Historical Approaches– Population Movement, Settlement and the Construction of Society East of Lake Victoria in Precolonial Times, the Western Kenyan Case, Mildred NDEDA (JOOUST),– An Eastern peripheral area in Great Lake region, a Pioneering Front (“mole” and frontier) without states, Christian THIBON (UPPA -LAM)15h15-17 Settlements and Landscape Construction, Archaeological Approach– Southwestern Kenya and Northern Tanzania during the Second Millennium AD: Archaeology, Environment and Socio-cultural Change, Isaya ONJALA (JOOUST)– Bondo Earthworks, Clan Formation and Settlement, Gilbert OTEYO (BIEA)– Sites Mapping Presentation, Elizabeth VIGNATI (LAM), discussants: Paul LANE (U. of Cambridge), Frederick ODEDE (JOOUST)15 November, Round tables9h-11h The divergence Central Great Lakes / Western Kenyan Case. Societies, Capital without Kingdom? Discussants: Pius KAKAI (KU), Peter NDEGE (Moi University), Emmanuel NDEMIA, Angela KABIRU (NMK), Washington NDIIRI (KU), Dr. R. Anthony ODUOR (Polytech. University), David OKELO (KU), Wycliffe OLOO (NMK), Vincent SIMIYU (UoN), Simiyu WANDIBBA (Moi Univ., NMK)Moderators: Isaya ONJALA (JOOUST), Mildred NDEDA (JOOUST)11h15-13h Connection World? Thomas VERNET (Paris Univ., IFAS), Hinterland and Coast: Exchanges Comparative approachesInformation, Registration, Contact : info@ifra-nairobi.net 