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Central Asian Gas: prospects for the 2020s / Simon Pirani. Oxford Institute for Energy Studies, Dec. 2019, 48 p. (OIES PAPER: NG 155) lienOver the last decade, China has replaced Russia as the main export destination for Central Asian gas. Due to strong gas demand in China, in the early 2020s, the Central Asia-China pipeline corridor will be used close to its 55 Bcm/year capacity. An expansion to 85 Bcm/year is possible, by construction of Line D from Turkmenistan via Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan to China, but this is unlikely to go ahead until it is seen as strategically necessary by China – that is, probably  not before the late 2020s. Central Asian exports to Russia may continue to decline. Other routes – the proposed TAPI line to India, or westward exports to Europe via a Trans Caspian pipeline – are very unlikely to  be opened up. As for supply, Turkmenistan has ample resources but it may take cooperation with Chinese and other foreign companies to develop them effectively. By contrast, both Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan have supply side constraints. In Kazakhstan, the government expects net  exports to fall almost to zero during the 2020s, due both to increased reinjection of gas for oil production, and domestic gasification. In Uzbekistan, most output is committed to domestic consumers: new production from Lukoil, and/or the effects of energy sector reform now  in progress, could free up some volumes. The paper considers the prospects for production, domestic markets and export.Renewables in cities 2019 global status report / Toby Couture, et al. REN21, Dec. 2019, 134 p. lien« C’est peut-être une surprise pour  certains, mais c’est une tendance que l’on retrouve partout dans le  monde : Les villes sont moteur dans la transition vers les énergies  renouvelables. C’est une évidence pour elles que les énergies  renouvelables réduisent les maladies pulmonaires et cardiaques, créent  davantage d’emplois locaux et soulagent le budget municipal », a déclaré  Rana Adib (photo), secrétaire exécutive de REN21, lors de la  présentation du premier rapport sur la situation mondiale des énergies  renouvelables dans les villes 2019 (Renewables in Cities 2019 Global  Status Report ou REC-GSR) à Paris. « Si elle dépendait des villes  seules, la politique climatique et énergétique actuelle serait  totalement différente. »... lire la suite d'un billet de Tecsol présentant le rapportTransition énergétique : faisons jouer nos réseaux. Institut Montaigne, décembre 2019, 174 p. lienCe sont les  réseaux  énergétiques qui acheminent l’électricité, le gaz, le pétrole et la chaleur ou le froid jusqu’aux utilisateurs finaux. En France, nous bénéficions d’infrastructures de qualité. Mais à l’heure où le gouvernement français s’est fixé un objectif de neutralité carbone en 2050, les réseaux français font face au défi de la transition énergétique&#160;: quelles transformations faut-il envisager pour leur permettre de transporter des énergies  renouvelables&#160;? Faut-il les digitaliser pour permettre une meilleure consommation&#160;? etc.Ce rapport vient compléter une large réflexion menée par l’Institut Montaigne sur la transition énergétique&#160;: une analyse de la stratégie nationale en matière énergétique et une réflexion sur les deux secteurs les plus émetteurs de gaz à effet de serre en France, le transport et le bâtiment.                                                                 Brazil upstream bid rounds – evolve to grow: Brazil to become a top 5 oil producer by 2030? / Claudio Steuer, Oxford Institute for Energy Studies, Dec. 2019, 12 p. (Oxford Energy Comment) lienBrazil just conducted two massive pre-salt bid rounds – one with  areas holding over 10 billion boe of discovered reserves – and another  with close to 40 billion P50 unrisked oil initially in place – in the  most prolific and sought after exploration and production area of the  last decade. The auctions attracted international attention and leading  IOCs and NOCs registered for the bid rounds. Brazil achieved 65% of its  original objective and collected a record $18.7 billion in signature  bonus.&#160; Despite the impressive result and a very positive outcome for  Government and Petrobras, media reaction has been mixed due to IOCs “no  show” for what was mainly a Brazil-China event.&#160; The energy comment  reviews the bid rounds providing insights into why IOCs decided not to  participate, the growing energy ties between Brazil and China, likely  changes under consideration for future upstream bid rounds, and the need  for the country to maintain high-levels of international competition to  secure the sizable energy investments required. Brazil is on track to  double oil production in the next decade becoming a top 5 global  producer, and Government, policy makers and regulator should now  consider how best to balance a wide range of objectives including the  creation of tangible and lasting benefit for the country before  hydrocarbon demand begins to decline as the world transitions to a  society and economy with lower hydrocarbon use.