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Le rôle des hydrocarbures dans la transition énergétique. Union française des industries pétrolières, no. 2015, 20 p. http://www.ufip.fr/actualites/transition-energetique-petrole-et-gaz-acteurs-incontournables#news_6449A l’horizon 2030, le pétrole continuera à représenter au moins un tiers des besoins énergétiques mondiaux, européens et français. Il continuera à être un acteur incontournable grâce à sa concentration inégalée en énergie facilement transportable et à des ressources estimées à 100 ans de consommation. Le pétrole permet de satisfaire les besoins industriels et de mobilité, et est une matière première de la Chimie...The Welfare Effects of Nudges: A Case Study of Energy Use Social Comparisons / Hunt Allcott and Judd B. Kessler. (E2e Working Paper Series ; E2e WP-022) http://e2e.haas.berkeley.edu/pdf/workingpapers/WP022.pdfPolicymakers and academics are increasingly interested in “nudges,” such as information provision, reminders, social comparisons, default options, and commitment contracts, which can affect behavior without changing process or options. Nudges are being used to encourage a variety of privately and socially beneficial behaviors, such as healthy eating, exercise, organ donation, and environmental conservation. Nudges are typically evaluated based on the magnitude of the behavior change or on cost effectiveness. When a nudge significantly increases a positive behavior at low cost, policymakers often advocate that it be broadly adopted. A full social welfare evaluation could produce different policy prescriptions, however, because people being nudged often experience two types of benefits and/or costs that typical evaluations do not consider. In this paper, Allcott and Kessler present a social welfare evaluation of a program that provides Home Energy Reports (HERs), one-page letters that compare a household’s energy use to that of its neighbors and provide energy conservation tips...Empty promises: G20 subsidies to oil, gas and coal production / Elizabeth Bast, Alex Doukas, Sam Pickard, Laurie van der Burg and Shelagh Whitley. Overseas Development Institute ; Oil Change International, November 2015, 103 p. http://www.odi.org/publications/10058-production-subsidies-oil-gas-coal-fossil-fuels-g20-broken-promisesThis research discovers that G20 country governments’ support to fossil fuel production marries bad economics with potentially disastrous consequences for climate change. In effect, governments are propping up the production of oil, gas and coal, much of which cannot be used if the world is to avoid dangerous climate change. The report Empty promises: G20 subsidies to oil, gas and coal production documents, for the first time, the scale and structure of fossil fuel production subsidies in the G20 countries. The evidence points to a publicly financed bailout for some of the world’s largest, most carbon-intensive and polluting companies...La consommation d'énergie dans l'industrie reste stable en 2014, mais la facture diminue / Marlène Bahu, division Enquêtes thématiques et études transversales, Insee http://www.insee.fr/fr/themes/document.asp?ref_id=if42En 2014, en volume, la consommation d'énergie dans l'industrie est au même niveau qu'en 2013 mais en repli de 19 % par rapport à 2005. Cette évolution suit celle de la production dans l'industrie manufacturière. La facture énergétique continue de baisser (- 5 % en euros courants) du fait du recul des prix du charbon, des produits pétroliers et du gaz. La consommation d'énergie brute est de 35,4 millions de tonnes d'équivalent pétrole et la facture énergétique s'élève à 15,2 milliards d'euros. Le gaz et l'électricité restent les énergies les plus consommées.