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The history of Near and Middle Eastern Studies at the Institute for Advanced Study dates back to 1935, and it is the one area of scholarship that has been continuously represented at the Institute ever since. The volume opens with a historical sketch of the study of the Near and Middle East at the Institute. The second part of the volume consists of essays and short studies by IAS scholars, past and present, covering fields such as the ancient Near East and early Islamic history, the Bible and the Qurʾān, Islamic intellectual history within and beyond denominational history, Arabic and other Semitic languages and literatures, Islamic religious and legal practices, law and society, the Islamic West, the Ottoman world, Iranian studies, the modern Middle East, and Islam in the WestTable of contentsList of Figures xiList of Contributors xvNear and Middle Eastern Studies at the Institute for Advanced Study: A Historical Sketch xxxiSABINE SCHMIDTKEIAS Scholars in Near and Middle Eastern Studies, Past and Present: A Directory xcixFRUITS OF SCHOLARSHIPThe Ancient Near East and Early Islamic History“There we sat down”: Mapping Settlement Patterns in Sasanian Babylonia 3GEOFFREY HERMANThe Near Eastern Heritage in Greco-Roman Astronomy 11FRANCESCA ROCHBERGArabia before Islam 21DAVID F. GRAFThe Rise and Fall of a Jewish Kingdom in Arabia 33G. W. BOWERSOCKEntanglements of Classics and Orientalism in the History of Philology, and of Princeton University, circa 1900 35HENNING TRÜPERFor a Different History of the Seventh Century CE: Syriac Sources and Sasanian and Arab-Muslim Occupation of the Middle East 45MURIEL DEBIETrade and Geography in the Origins and Spread of Islam 48STELIOS MICHALOPOULOSNew Insights into the Continuation of Ancient Science among the Arabs 66CARLO SCARDINOThe Empire Strikes Back: The Restoration of Caliphal Political Power in the Medieval Islamic World 73D. G. TORThe Bible and the QurʾānWho Wrote the Torah? Textual, Historical, Sociological, and Ideological Cornerstones of the Formation of the Pentateuch 81KONRAD SCHMIDIs a Qibla a Qibla? Samaritan Traditions about Mount Garizim in Contact and Contention 95STEFAN SCHORCHMuslim Perceptions and Receptions of the Bible 101SABINE SCHMIDTKEEditing the Qurʾān in Sixteenth- and Seventeenth-Century Europe 115ROBERTO TOTTOLIThe Concept of Time in the Qurʾān 118GEORGES TAMERThe Voice of God 125G. W. BOWERSOCKIslamic Intellectual History Within and Beyond Denominational BordersVisualization and Material Cultures of the Heavens in Eurasia and North Africa 134SONJA BRENTJESRethinking the Canons of Islamic Intellectual History 154KHALED EL-ROUAYHEBThe People of Justice and Monotheism: Muʿtazilism in Islam and Judaism 164SABINE SCHMIDTKEThe Necessity of a Historical Approach to Islamic Theology: Tracing Modern Islamic Thought to the Middle Ages 170KELLY DEVINE THOMASAbraham and Aristotle in Dialogue 173GARTH FOWDENWhat Makes an Orator Trustworthy? Some Notes on the Transmission of Aristotle’s Rhetoric in the Arabic World and Its Interpretation by al-Fārābī 181FRÉDÉRIQUE WOERTHERAristotle and Avicenna on the Habitability of the Southern Hemisphere 188FRANÇOIS DE BLOISPhysical Theory and Medical Practice in the Post-Avicenna Era: Yaʿqūb b. Isḥāq al-Isrāʾīlī on Properties (Exploratory Notes) 194EMMA GANNAGÉWas Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī an Averroist after All? On the Double-Truth Theory in Medieval Latin and Islamic Thought 205FRANK GRIFFELThe Challenges of Druze Studies 217SAMER TRABOULSIArabic and other Semitic Languages and LiteraturesChasing after a Trickster: The Maqāmāt between Philology and World Literature 228MAURICE A. POMERANTZEmployment Opportunities in Literature in Tenth-Century Islamic Courts 243BILAL ORFALI“A Glimpse of the Mystery of Mysteries”: Ibn Ṭufayl on Learning and Spirituality without Prophets and Scriptures 251SEBASTIAN GÜNTHERAramaic and Endangered Languages 262GEOFFREY A. KHANDots in the Writing Systems of the Middle East 265GEORGE A. KIRAZUnlocking Middle Eastern Names 276WILL HANLEYIslamic Religious and Legal Practices, Law and SocietyJurists on Literature and Men of Letters on Law: The Interfaces of Islamic Law and Medieval Arabic Literature 285ZOLTAN SZOMBATHYLaw, Ethics, and the Problem of Domestic Labor in the Islamic Marriage Contract 294MARION KATZThe Shiʿite Interpretation of the Status of Women 300HASSAN ANSARIIslamic Law and Private International Law: The Case of International Child Abduction 304ANVER M. EMONA Renaissance Interrupted? Debating Personhood through a Sexual Act in the Twelfth-Century Christianate and Islamicate Worlds 308VANJA HAMZIĆSay Something Nice: Supplications on Medieval Objects, and Why They Matter 322MARGARET S. GRAVESTen Theses on Working with Demons (Jinn) in Islamic Studies 331BIRGIT KRAWIETZThe Invisibility of Paternal Filiation: The Power of Institutions versus Scientific Proof in Roman and Muslim Law 337BABER JOHANSENJoseph Schacht and German Orientalism in the 1920s and 1930s 344RAINER BRUNNERThe Islamic West and BeyondThe Other Edge: The Maghrib in the Mashriq 353MARIBEL FIERROIdentifying “the Mufti of Oran”: A Detective Story 359DEVIN J. STEWARTCastilian and Arabic: The Debates about the Natural Languages of Spain 363MERCEDES GARCÍA-ARENALPeace and Quiet in Castile: Baptized Muslims, Feudal Lords, and the Royal Expulsion 371PATRICK J. O’BANIONThe Hermeneutics of Islamic Ornament: The Example of the Alhambra 375VALERIE GONZALEZThe Ottoman World and BeyondEdirne/Adrianople: The Best City in Greece 390AMY SINGERThe Chief Eunuch of the Ottoman Imperial Harem 399JANE HATHAWAYPersian Aesthetics in Ottoman Albums 402EMINE FETVACISyphilis as Measure of Civilization and Progress? Ottoman-Turkish Responses to European Medical Discourses on the General Paresis of the Insane 413YÜCEL YANIKDAĞThe Construction of Ethnicity in Medieval Turkic Eurasia 420PETER B. GOLDENTamerlane’s (Fictitious) Pilgrimage to the Tombs of the Prophets 429RON SELABuilding a Family Shrine in Ottoman Cairo 436ADAM SABRAIranian and Persianate StudiesThe Shaping of the Holy Self: Art and Religious Life in Manichaeism 443ANDREA PIRASPatricia Crone’s Contribution to Iranian Studies 450HASSAN ANSARILord of the Planetary Court: Revisiting a “Nativist Prophet” of Early Modern Iran 455DANIEL J. SHEFFIELDNādir Shāh in Iranian Historiography: Warlord or National Hero? 467RUDI MATTHEEThe Birth of Newspaper Culture in Nineteenth-Century Iran 475NEGIN NABAVIA Brief History of Judeo-Persian Literature 479VERA B. MOREENThe Modern Middle East and Islam in the WestLiberal Democratic Legacies in Modern Egypt: The Role of the Intellectuals, 1900–1950 485ISRAEL GERSHONIISIS and al-Qaeda—What Are They Thinking? Understanding the Adversary 495BERNARD HAYKELJihadi Weeping 505THOMAS HEGGHAMMERFor Love of the Prophet: A Reply 515NOAH SALOMONLiving in a Humanitarian World: Palestinian Refugees and the Challenge of Long-Term Displacement 522ILANA FELDMANThe Multiple Figures of the Witness in Palestine 528DIDIER FASSINHagar: Jewish-Arab Education for Equality, Creating a Common Future in Israel 543CATHERINE ROTTENBERGLa Nouvelle Laïcité and Its Critics: Preface to the French Translation of The Politics of the Veil 546JOAN WALLACH SCOTTBiographySabine SchmidtkeSabine Schmidtke is Professor of Islamic Intellectual History at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton. She has published extensively on Islamic and Jewish intellectual history, as well as the Muslim reception of the Bible and its early translation history into Arabic. Her works include Theologie, Philosophie und Mystik im zwölferschiitischen Islam des 9./15. Jahrhunderts: Die Gedankenwelten des Ibn Abī Ǧumhūr al-Aḥsāʾī (um 838/1434-35–nach 906/1501) (Brill, 2000), The Oxford Handbook of Islamic Theology (OUP, 2016), and, together with Hassan Ansari, Studies in Medieval Islamic Intellectual Traditions (Lockwood Press, 2017). She is also the executive editor of Intellectual History of the Islamicate World(Brill) and, with Hassan Ansari, of Shii Studies Review (Brill).https://www.gorgiaspress.com/studying-the-near-and-middle-east-at-the-institute-for-advanced-study-princeton-1935-2018