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Medicine and Healing in the Premodern West: A History in Documents - Edited by Winston BlackSummaryMedicine and Healing in the Premodern West traces the history of medicine and medical practice from Ancient Egypt through to the end of the Middle Ages. Featuring nearly one hundred primary documents and images, this book introduces readers to the words and ideas of men and women from across Europe and the Mediterranean Sea, from prominent physicians to humble healers. Each of the book’s ten chronological and thematic chapters is given a significant historical introduction, in which each primary source is described in its original context. Many of the included source texts are newly translated by the editor, some of them appearing in English for the first time. ContentsPreface and AcknowledgementsIntroductionChronologyQuestions to ConsiderPART 1: THE EARLIEST MEDICAL WRITINGS OF THE NEAR EAST AND MEDITERRANEAN (CA. 2000–700 BCE)1. The Kahun Gynaecological Papyrus2. Diagnosis in Ancient Egypt: The Ebers Papyrus3. A Babylonian Spell against Fever4. Plague as Divine Punishment in Homer’s Iliad5. Gods as the Source of Disease: Hesiod, Works and Days6. Violence and Healing in Homeric GreecePART 2: MEDICINE AND HEALING AMONG THE ANCIENT GREEKS (CA. 500 BCE–200 CE)Rational Medicine in the Age of Hippocrates7. Hippocratic Corpus, Nature of Man8. Plato on the Nature of Disease: Timaeus9. Thucydides and the Plague of Athens, 430 BCE10. Hippocratic Corpus, Aphorisms11. Hippocratic Corpus, Airs, Waters, Places12. Case Histories from the Hippocratic EpidemicsAsclepius, the God of Physicians13. The Hippocratic Oath14. Pindar: Apollo Leaves Asclepius with Chiron the Centaur15. Celsus Celebrates Asclepius as a Man16. Greek Anatomical Votive Plaque of a Leg17. Aelius Aristides Dreams of Asclepius18. An Egyptian God in Greco-Roman Dress: Imouthes as AsclepiusPART 3: PROFESSIONAL MEDICINE IN THE ROMAN MEDITERRANEAN (CA. 1–300 CE)19. Galen, On the Medical Sects20. Aretaeus the Cappadocian on the Difficult Case of Tetanus21. Rufus of Ephesus, Medical Questions: Interrogation of the Patient22. Celsus: A Healthy Regimen without Doctors23. Dioscorides and the Science of Pharmacology24. Galen, the Boastful Practitioner: On the Affected Places25. Galen, On Black Bile: Praising and Rewriting Hippocrates26. Herodian on a Plague in the Roman EmpirePART 4: PRACTICAL MEDICINE FOR THE ROMAN FAMILY AND HOME (CA. 1–500 CE)27. Varro, De re rustica: An Early Germ Theory?28. Vegetius, De re militari: Preserving the Health of Imperial Troops29. The Legend of Agnodike, a Greek Midwife and Physician30. Soranus of Ephesus: Instructions for Midwives31. Cato the Elder’s Roman Remedies: Cabbage, Wine, and Magic32. Pliny the Elder’s Homespun Medicine: Remedies Derived from Wool33. Popular Medicine in Verse: The Liber medicinalisPART 5: DISTILLING CLASSICAL MEDICINE IN LATE ANTIQUITY (CA. 300–700 CE)34. Oribasius: A Galenic Diet in the Later Roman Empire35. Anthimus to King Theodoric, On the Observance of Diet36. An Early Medieval Primer in Ancient Medicine by St. Isidore of Seville37. Medicine of Pliny for the Informed Traveler38. The Herbarius of Apuleius Platonicus39. Marcellus and His Empirical Handbook of Medicines40. The Drug Theory of Paul of AeginaPART 6: MEDICAL DIVERSITY IN THE EARLY MIDDLE AGES (CA. 600–1000 CE)Monotheism and Medicine 12141. The Oath of Asaph, a Jewish Physician’s Oath42. A Christianized Hippocratic Oath43. Medicine and Diet in the Rule of St. Benedict44. Roman Doctors as Christian Saints: Cosmas and Damian45. Islamic Medicine of the Prophet: Sunan Abu DawudEarly Medieval Responses to Plague and Pestilence46. Evagrius Scholasticus on the Plague of Justinian47. Gregory of Tours on Epidemic Disease and the Sickness of Kings48. A Votive Mass against PestilenceOld English Medicine: Superstition or Empiricism?49. The Nine Herbs Charm, from the Old English Lacnunga50. Bald’s Leechbook: Herbal Remedies for Eye Problems51. Medical Prognostics in Anglo-Saxon EnglandPART 7: THE ARABIC TRADITION OF LEARNED MEDICINE (CA. 900–1400 CE)52. Hunayn ibn Ishaq’s Introduction to Rational Medicine53. Avicenna, The Canon of Medicine54. Avicenna on Prognosis through Urine55. Maimonides and Galen on the Meaning of the Pulse56. Al-Rāzī, Case Studies in the Spirit of Hippocrates57. Usamah ibn Munqidh: A Muslim View of Frankish Medicine58. Al-Rāzī on Diagnosis and Treatment for Smallpox and Measles59. Pilgrim Medicine: Qustā ibn Lūqā on “The Little Dragon of Medina”60. Ancient Greeks in Later Medieval Prophetic Medicine: ‘Al-Tibb al-NabawīPART 8: LEARNED MEDICINE IN HIGH MEDIEVAL EUROPE (CA. 1000–1400 CE)Humors, Complexion, and Uroscopy61. A Clever Duke and a Cleverer Physician in Tenth-Century Europe62. Constantine the African, Pantegni: Understanding Complexion63. Simplified Humoral Medicine in Verse: The Salernitan Regimen of Health64. A Medieval Urine Wheel65. Constantine the African with a Urine GlassExplaining Diseases66. Diagnosing Lovesickness: Constantine the African’s Medicalized Emotions67. Platearius on Leprosy in Theory and Practice68. Guy de Chauliac’s Personal Experience with the Black DeathObservation and Authority69. Trota of Salerno as a Medical Master70. Medical Education in High Medieval Europe (Three Accounts)71. Licenses for Male and Female Surgeons in Medieval Naples72. A Woman Physician on Trial in Medieval Paris, 1322PART 9: MEDICAL PRACTICE IN THE HIGH MIDDLE AGES (CA. 1000–1400 CE)Herbalism and Pharmacology73. Macer Floridus, On the Virtues of Herbs74. Henry of Huntingdon, Herbalism in The English Garden75. Matthaeus Platearius: Rationalizing Simple and Compound MedicinesArabic and Latin Surgery76. Learned Surgery: Albucasis on the Treatment of Cataracts77. Applying Medical Theory to Wound Treatment: Guy de Chauliac78. Training and Decorum for the Learned SurgeonMedieval Obstetrics and Gynecology79. Anatomy of the Uterus, Learned from a Pig80. A Brief Medieval Guide to Uroscopy of Women81. Contraceptives in the Canon of Avicenna82. St. Hildegard of Bingen: A Moralized Explanation of Menstruation83. Trotula: Treating Retention of the Period in Medieval Italy84. A Medieval Hebrew Treatise on Difficult BirthsPART 10: MEDICINE AND THE SUPERNATURAL: COMPETITORS OR PARTNERS? (CA. 1000–1400 CE)85. A Doctor and a Saint in Early Salerno86. The Life of St. Milburga: Physicians and Saints, Healing Together?87. Doctors and Miracles in the Canonization of Lady Delphine88. Medieval Jewish Magical Medicine89. Medieval Christian Healing Charms90. John Arderne, Astrological Instructions for the Surgeon91. Astrological Bloodletting ManGlossary and Index of Key TermsFurther ReadingPermissions Acknowledgements   More info on the editor website