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The Norman Bethune and Dwarkanath Kotnis Memorial Hall 白求恩柯棣华纪念馆 in Tangxian County 唐县 has been determined by the Chinese Communist Party to be a site for red tourism in commemoration of two phyisicians, the Canadian doctor Norman Bethune (1890-1939) and the Indian doctor Dwarkanath Kotnis (1910-1942).Picture 1: We will always study the “Three Constantly read Articles” (永远学习老三篇), July 1967After having served as a frontline surgeon during the Spanish Civil War Norman Bethune joined the communist side China during the Second Sino-Japanese War when arriving in Yan’an in 1938. He organized medical training for doctors and nurses and became in summer 1939 medical advisor in the border region Jin-Cha-Ji (Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei) that was under control of general Nie Rongzhen. In his hagiography (for a recent example see here), he is praised for having brought modern medicine to the Chinese countryside when following the Eighth Route Army and for selflessly treating wounded soldiers at the front without regard for his own well-being. After his premature death due to a blood poisoning he contracted when treating a soldier on the battlefield. He became a common household name after Mao Zedong had written the eulogy In Memory of Norman Bethune (纪念白求恩) in December 1939. It later became one of the Three Constantly Read Articles (老三篇) canonized by Lin Biao 林彪 (1907-1971) in the early 1960s as a means to strengthen the ideal of self-reliance and the unwavering belief in the endless potential of the masses to reshape the world. His unselfish spirit is also represented in the many propaganda poster dedicated to Bethune.Dwarkanath Shantaram Kotnis 柯棣华 (1910-1942) was one of five Indian physicians working in China during the Sino-Japanese War. Born to a middle-class family he studied medicine at the University of Bombay and was sent to China in 1938 after a request of Zhu De 朱德 (1886-1976) to Jawaharlal Nehru (1889-1964), the Indian independence fighter and later 1st prime minister of India. When arriving in Yan’an Kotnis was welcomed by Zhu De and other leaders of the Chinese Communist Party. He treated wounded soldiers in mobile clinics in Northern China for almost five years, assumingly performing operations for more than 800 soldiers during one battle with Japanese forces in 1940. His unwavering ethos made him—similar to similar to Bethune—a model of Sino-foreign friendship, becoming eventually the director of the Dr. Bethune International Peace Hospital in Shijiazhuang. Suffering a number of epileptic seizures, he passed away in December 1942 and was buried in Xinhua District 新华区 in the same city.The Memorial Park consists of four parts. The north and south side of the park commemorates the veterans of the Korean War and the Anti-Japanese War. The west side is dedicated to Norman Bethune, and the south side to Dwarkanath Kotnis. In addition, a statue of him can be found in the park.List of PicturesPicture 1: We will always study the "three constantly read articles (source: https://chineseposters.net/posters/e13-973.php, Stefan Landsberger collection).Featured image: Chairman Mao and Norman Bethune 毛主席和白求恩, publisher: Renmin meishu chubanshe 人民美术出版社 (source: https://chineseposters.net/posters/e15-689.php, Stefan Landsberger collection).BibliographyAllan, Ted and Sydney Gordon (1973): The Scalpel, the Sword: The Story of Doctor Norman Bethune. New York, etc.: The Monthly Review Press.Basu, Dr. B. K. (2003): Light on China: Call of Yanan – Story of the Indian Medical Mission to China 1938–1943. Edited by Manjeet H. Singh. Sketches by David Olivant. Foreign Languages Press Beijing.Dr. Dwarakanath Shantaram Kotnis (1981): "A Biography", in: China Report, 17(2), 75–96. https://doi.org/10.1177/000944558101700206Gao Liang (1983): Dr. Kotnis. A Short Biography. Kalkutta: New Book Centre.Han Haishan 韩海山 (1992) (ed.): Kē Dìhuá zài Táng Xiàn 柯棣华在唐县. Shijiazhuang: Hebei renmin chubanshe.Li Nan 李楠 (2012): Hongse lüyou—Jin Lu Ji Yu lüxing shengdi daohang  红色旅游—晋、鲁、冀、豫旅行圣地导航. Changchun: Jilin shying chubanshe.Sheng Xiangong et al. (1983): An Indian Freedom fighter in China: A Tribute to Dr. D. S. Kotnis. Beijing: Foreign Language Press.