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Guest editorsProfessor C. Michael Hall,&#160;University of Canterbury, New Zealand, michael.hall@canterbury.ac.nzDr. Freya Higgins-Desbiolles, University of South Australia, Australia, Freya.HigginsDesbiolles@unisa.edu.auDr. Siamak Seyfi, Pantheon- Sorbonne University, France, siamak.seyfi@etu.univ-paris1.frAims and scopeSanctions and boycotts are an important feature of the global tourism system and the emerging ethics of tourism (Seyfi &#38; Hall, 2019a, 2020). Sanctions and embargoes are an increasingly popular foreign policy tool, by design as well as by default (Brzoska, 2015), within the political landscape of international relations, diplomacy, foreign policy and global governance (Cortright &#38; Lopez, 2018; Leyton-Brown, 2017). The post-Cold War period has witnessed a sharp rise in sanctions imposed on the countries and laid the ground for a sanctions renaissance (Cortright &#38; Lopez, 2018) and sanctions have increasingly become a type of &#8216;carrot-and-stick&#8217; diplomacy in dealing with international trade and politics in the post-Cold War era (Hall, 2005).At the same time, boycotts and buycotts are a growing feature of political consumerism and interest group activism (Friedman, 1999; John &#38; Klein, 2003; Makarem &#38; Jae, 2016; Hahn &#38; Albert, 2017; Kelm &#38; Dohle, 2018). While sanctions are a governmental tool to influence country, organisation and individual behaviours, boycotts have emerged as a consumer and interest group tool, which may or may not receive governmental support. Destinations have been boycotted for deviating from acceptable norms. Boycotts have been sought for a variety of reasons including human rights (e.g. Myanmar, China, South Africa, Saudi Arabia), treatment and policy towards LGBTs or minorities and communities (e.g. Mississippi and North Carolina cases of anti-LGBT laws), violations of animal welfare and rights (e.g. Botswana &#38; Namibia), and inappropriate environmental actions (Shaheer et al., 2019, 2018; Nguyen et al., 2018). Depending on their level of consumer support boycotts may have direct, (e.g. reduction in visitors), or indirect, (e.g. negative images), adverse impacts on a destination, attraction or a tourism service provider, highlighting the need to understand this phenomenon (Pezzullo, 2011; Yousaf, 2019; Mkono &#38; Holder 2019). Boycotts have been shown to have the potential to decrease market share and sales and also damage the image of targeted companies (Shaheer et al., 2019, 2018). However, boycotts and disinvestment campaigns can also lead to substantial political backlash, as in the case of various US states seeking to legislate against the boycott, divestment and sanctions (BDS) movement towards Israel on public campuses.Tourism and hospitality destinations, attractions and businesses can be profoundly affected by sanctions and boycotts, sometimes with the legacy of a negative image lasting for decades. International travel to some destinations may be severely restricted, financial investment and supply chains disrupted, and, in the most comprehensive sanctions and boycotts, substantial economic and personal hardship may be experienced (Seyfi &#38; Hall, 2019a, 2019b). Sanctions and boycotts have grown as tools for seeking to being about behavioural and policy change in their targets with their increased use and impacts in a tourism context being reflective of a highly interconnected world.Notwithstanding the widespread use of sanctions and boycotts and their far-reaching impacts on tourism and hospitality, there is relatively little literature on the subject with a specific tourism context. Furthermore, the existing knowledge is limited as to how tourism in countries exposed to sanctions and boycotts is affected and continues to operate.In response to the growing use of sanctions as a foreign policy tool and boycotts as a consumer and interest group tactic, this special issue will map out the current state of knowledge on sanctioned and boycotted destinations and businesses and their responses. This is extremely timely given the likelihood of the increased use of sanctions and boycotts in tourism in the future.This special issue welcomes theoretical, empirical, experimental, and case study research contributions from a wide range of disciplinary and post-disciplinary perspectives. These contributions should clearly address the theoretical and practical implications of the research. Both conceptual and empirical work are welcome. The proposed topics may include but are not limited to the following:Topics of interest of the special issue include, but are not limited to:Sanctions and tourismSanctions and destination resilienceEconomic sanctions in contemporary global relationsCoping strategies to sanctions and embargoes: Destinations and BusinessesCase studies of sanctions and tourism destinations in different geographic and geopolitical contextsBoycotts, buycotts and tourismBoycotts: triggers and strategiesBoycotts: evolution and the growth of consumer activismThe role of interest groups in boycottsBoycotts and tourism eventsCase studies of boycotts and campaigns: Reasons, responses and impactsThe significance of intermestic issues: Environment and human rightsCoping responses to consumer boycotts: Destinations and BusinessesConsumer activism as upstream social marketingPolitical consumerism in tourismConceptualizing political consumerism as part of the global value chainPolitical consumerism and social-practice perspectivesSanctions and boycotts as tourism crisisPublic policy and geopolitical perspectivesAnthropogenic climate change, biodiversity and boycottsMethodological issues in examining boycotts and sanctionsEmerging issues in sanctions and boycottsBoycotts and CSRGovernmental responses to boycottsSubmission guidelinesExpressions of interest in contributing a paper to this special issue are invited in the form of a working title and 450-500 words indicative abstract of your proposed paper by&#160;28th February 2020, to be submitted by e-mail to Guest Editors (see emails above). Abstracts should include the title, authorship, author affiliation(s) and contact information (including the email addresses of all authors) and keywords (maximum six).TimelineAbstracts submissions: 28th February 2020Abstract decisions: 1st April 2020Full paper submissions: 30th September 2020Publication: Late 2021Review processEach paper submitted for publication consideration is subjected to the standard review process designated by&#160;Tourism Management Perspectives&#160;journal. Based on the recommendations of the reviewers, the Editor-in-chief along with the guest editors, decisions will be made whether particular submissions will be accepted, revised or rejected.ReferencesBrzoska, M. (2015). International sanctions before and beyond UN sanctions. International Affairs, 91(6), 1339&#8211;1349.Cortright, D., &#38; Lopez, G. A. (2018). Economic sanctions: Panacea or peacebuilding in a post-cold war world? Abingdon: RoutledgeFriedman, M. (1999).&#160;Consumer boycotts: Effecting change through the marketplace and media. New York: Routledge.Hall, C. M. (2005). Tourism: Rethinking the social science of mobility. Harlow: Pearson.Hahn, T., &#38; Albert, N. (2017). Strong reciprocity in consumer boycotts. Journal of Business Ethics,&#160;145(3), 509-524.John, A., &#38; Klein, J. (2003). The boycott puzzle: Consumer motivations for purchase sacrifice. Management Science,&#160;49(9), 1196-1209.Kelm, O., &#38; Dohle, M. (2018). Information, communication and political consumerism: How (online) information and (online) communication influence boycotts and buycotts. New Media &#38; Society, 20(4), 1523-1542.Klein, J. G., Smith, N. C., &#38; John, A. (2004). Why we boycott: Consumer motivations for boycott participation.&#160;Journal of Marketing,&#160;68(3), 92-109.Leyton-Brown, D. (Ed.). (2017). The utility of international economic sanctions. Abingdon: RoutledgeLuo, Q., &#38; Zhai, X. (2017). &#8220;I will never go to Hong Kong again!&#8221; How the secondary crisis communication of &#8220;Occupy Central&#8221; on Weibo shifted to a tourism boycott?&#160;Tourism Management,&#160;62, 159-172.Makarem, S. C., &#38; Jae, H. (2016). Consumer boycott behavior: An exploratory analysis of twitter feeds. Journal of Consumer Affairs,&#160;50(1), 193-223.Mkono, M., &#38; Holder, A. (2019). The future of animals in tourism recreation: Social media as spaces of collective moral reflexivity.&#160;Tourism Management Perspectives,&#160;29, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2018.10.002Nguyen, T., Ngo, H., Ngo, P., &#38; Kang, G. D. (2018). Understanding the motivations influencing ecological boycott participation: An exploratory study in Viet Nam.&#160;Sustainability,&#160;10(12), 4786.Pezzullo, P. C. (2011). Contextualizing boycotts and buycotts: The impure politics of consumer-based advocacy in an age of global ecological crises.&#160;Communication and Critical/Cultural Studies,&#160;8(2), 124-145.Seyfi, S., &#38; Hall, C. M. (2019a). Sanctions and tourism: Conceptualisation and implications for destination marketing and management.&#160;Journal of Destination Marketing &#38; Management, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2019.100381Seyfi, S., &#38; Hall, C. M. (2019b). Sanctions and tourism: effects, complexities and research.&#160;Tourism Geographies, 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2019.1663911Seyfi, S., &#38; Hall, C. M. (2019c). International sanctions, tourism destinations and resistive economy.&#160;Journal of Policy Research in Tourism, Leisure and Events,&#160;11(1), 159-169.Seyfi, S., &#38; Hall, C. M. (2020). Tourism, sanctions and boycotts. Abingdon: RoutledgeShaheer, I., Carr, N., &#38; Insch, A. (2019). What are the reasons behind tourism boycotts?. Anatolia, 1-3. https://doi.org/10.1080/13032917.2018.1562948Shaheer, I., Insch, A., &#38; Carr, N. (2018). Tourism destination boycotts&#8211;are they becoming a standard practise?.&#160;Tourism Recreation Research,&#160;43(1), 129-132.Tolkach, D. (2018). A view of Occupy Central impacts on Hong Kong tourism from the other side of the Great Firewall: A rejoinder to Luo &#38; Zhai. Tourism Management, 67, 307-311Yousaf, S. (2019). Lost Destination marketing opportunities due to international sporting boycott.&#160;Annals of Leisure Research,&#160;22(4), 415-423.