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,Oder the old regime, had existed between ii and


IA Plata: nor did they wish to unite themselves


with Peru.


The Deputies met in August at Chussaca


drew up Declaration of Independence, called


,bir country BOLIVIA, and requested the Lbcr-


stor to draw up Constitution. Sucre, who had


virtually won the liberty of the country, they


invested with the title of Grand Marshal o.


Avacucho, and the Government ad interim.


Two things strike us peculiarly in this arrange.


nent. Sucrc, to us, seems the Lbcrator, and his


actual services greater than Bolival's yet, both


N fact and in fame, lie seems 10 have been always


,ostponed to the latter. The other is, tnc small


idea Of Repubhcanism which the South America!


had who, almost in the moment OF shaking off


the Spanish yoke, he has uniformly fette,ed him


s!f with an Established Church, privileged Or


dsrs and lofty titles.


In Peru there were various attempts made 10
Deoare Constitution, until the Congress OF


February 10, 1926, at Lima, into whose hands


Bolivar surrendered the supreme power. At the


,,quest of the Congress- however, he resumed il :;


and that body, as if anxsus to enslave its country


adjourned without providing any other safeguards


than a mere Council 10 assist him.


Bolivar presented his Constitution to Upper


Peru, which was Immediately and without dis


cusson adopted. Locke's famous South Caro-
Ina Constitution was simple compared with this,
#hich embraced the discordant elements Of every
I hrm of Government. It's most prominent lea
mres were Presidency for life: three Cham
brs, two of which safe for life and The third for
four years, and each of which, moreover, sup
Piled all vacancies in itself from a certain num-
Der of candidates proposed by Nominating Col
eges chosen by the People. Sucro was elected
President, and allowed TO retain Standing Force
4 $4,000 Colombians.


Having thus legslated for Upper Peru, Bolivar


returned to Lima, where he was about to place
. under the same obligation 10 him Peru and after
ward Colombia. But, disturbances having BROKEN
out in the Northern Provinces, he committed The
Government 10 Generals Andres and Santa Cruz,


and charged them to procure the adoption OF h's
rev Constitution To enable them TO do 50, he
leh behind him large Colombian force j.,





( v,,ous manouyers this was effected, aud un"r'
formed between Peru and Bolivia, with the sccnI-
inc consent of the Peruvans, took place and
Bolivar was, On the 9Th of Dec. 1876, CHOSEN
President. But the true sentiments oi In
Peruyians were made evident by the overtime"


Of the new system lust one month after b
the People of Lima, who were so unanimous
IN their feelinps that Santa Cruz did not dai'


IN oDnose the slightest obstacle. The Con
. st;t,t;on nj ,23 was restored until new ont


eoud be formed, and consent given to TIN
re,,ova, Of the Colombian troops TO Guayaq'nl
The Congress met on the 21th June at Lima
snd confirmed the Constitution of 1873. Gen


1.ro,r WAS declared the first President.


In 1894 Bolivar had bced reelected Pfcsidcn
and Santsnder Vice President of Cci"mbia OF
,be latter Of whom devoived the chief onuS q
rho Government; but in 1896 Paez, a brav
,vr,nt. having collected troops around hun !


.onsson.nce of some dispute with the Cl'i


An,bo,;,;es in the Venezuelan Provinces, sepa
,a,sd himself from the Republic OF Colomol


and in this was supported by the mass oi III
People. Santandcr was prevented from scnoi"
troops AGAINST thom by disturbances IN the eou''
where the People wished to confer a DictatoFs"i


ON Bolivar. as the only means oil avoiding ahsfci.
Bolivar. under these circumstances, lett fcru' Ia


whether to restore quiet or TO ioment Inc ois'ui
,rces ;s n,v unknown. Whatever his plan
were, the overthrow Of his Constitution uef"iis'
them; after which, he found himself mol sup
ported even by tho Army.
Tho Boliyians, too, became dlscon'cnlco' ana
Col. Gouarra having placed himself al Inc he"
ot,be Insurgents, Bolivar marched against them
bu,. ss.;n, himself abandoned by the People, CT
\ tered INTO negotiations with Gomarra, BY VirIu
u of which he resigned his office, marched with n
troops to the Pacific, and embarked for Guayaqn'
hisamatter of no Importance to chronicle Ii
q wars which grew out of this dispute The PER-
q vans, because the Southern Provinces OF Bolivi
% had haonged to their old Vice-klngdom undo
Their President Lamar, invaded ihcm' Too
Gaayaquil and marched to Quito. AT Torqu
4 however, a pass in the Andes Sucre deteatc
them with Colombian Army; the consequenc
Ofwhich was REIMBURSEMENT of all the Peruvian
claims on Colombia and an acknowledgment b
both parties of the Independence OF Bolivia. La
mar having from his failure become unpopular
was, on his return to Lima, superseded and sen
aGuatemala, where, in short time, he died
Gomarra and Fuente were Immediately electec
President and Vice President.


4 After the expulsion of Sucre and his Colon
& bans ltom Bolivia, Convention was summonc,
cr Bolivar to the village OF Ocana, in New Ora
hada Though self constituted Assembly, an'
i@ by three fourths as large one as had beer
e'ipected, it declared the existing Constitution


a'ofscient; and the greater part of the Conven
s0n having, without any farther action, absentee


,aeii, Bolivar assumed that the Constitution o.
.'3i was no longer in existence, and took pos
"ss'on Of the Government, for the administration
i :, n winch nc Immediately published the Organic