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These are the results, thus far, of the struggle
of man for good government IN the new nations
of South America. We pay little heed to these
nations except to enquire the state of their mar
kets; ana yet their political progress and condl-
ton present most interesting subjects Of invesh-
CATION, and might perhaps, be instructive TO us,
II we are lot 100 wise to learn. Here ere many
costly volumes of experience in the highest and
raost difficult department Of human affairs. One
thing Ia generally admitted and Is plainly dedu-
rible from the foregoing facts, viz: that great
mistake was made in adopting our system as
model. But those who have not already retrieved
this error, will soon do 30. In fact / think that
the prospect of establishing order, security. and
peace, both foreign and domestic, was never so
good in any equal number of nations ssi ID now
In the Republics of South America. Their old
idea Of general congress of plenipotentiaries,
formerly thwa,tsd by their Jealousy of Bolivar.
and by the in,rigues of Mr.. Poinsstt, 10 about to
be realized. the ministers of seven nations are
about TO meet at Lima. II is expected that
penieotentiaries from the remaining republics


will join them.


have entered into these details, more for the


purpose of disabusing the people Of the United


States of false notions and unworthy feelings in


respect TO Mexico, than from any impression that
il is necessary to prove that band Of conspra!ors


creeping into her borders for the purpose Of


sowing rebellion" had no right to veto or nullify


her Constitution aud laws, whatever system che


might choose TO set up or pull down. These
false notions and unworthy feelings have arisen in


p,rt from The unfrendly poncy ofour Government,


and in part fiom the haoi,ual Interpretations


Of the Tex9n and New Orleans presses. The


Mexican side is never heard by the people of the


United States. Texan falsehoods pass current


through the country, while the correction and


exposure of them come in foreign language,


and fell into ths hands of editors, corrupted BY


"scnp" The consequence is, that the papers


Of New. Orleans eeldom give transldtions from


Mexican papers. ! do not recoliect TO have seen
any Official account fiom Mexico, of any Of the
imp rtant events which have taken place from
time to tune in Mexico. The Texans srs alway


he o,s, and the Mexicans towards: two things


VIII en- the VAN grog. drinking boa,ters," if they


could unite little reaeciion with great deal oi
faI.ehood, would perceive TO be not quite recon.
cleable Thus, when the military merchants"
and young gentlemen actuared by "a liberal
cu.iosity," went on their expedi ion To Santa Fe.
what wonders did they not enact! 200 Mexicabs
were laio dead on the field oy this Spartan band,
Spartan at least In the propensity to steal! Thus
al Mier. on late occasion, they killed 4O0 and
wounded ITO, their own number being 2O0. Any
person who has observed, in gunpowder fights,
the usual proportion of killed and wounded,
knows that the latter always greatly exceed
the former, in the proportion of two or three to
one. Here it is the reverse. There is at this
moment going the rounds of the press, story Of
a most destructive battle which handful OF
'Yucatan volunteers gave to the Mexican army,
terminating in the slaughter of some hundreds
of the latter, and their dislodgment from the
nights which commanded the city. | have be.
fore me a letter from q trustworthy person at
New. Orleans, dated Feb. "a, l843, of which the
following is an extract:


"You will have seen in the Bee and other
papers, the news brought by Boylan among the
rest, that the Mexican troops lost the flights,
in the action of the 4th but it was false, &C.
cording to information from the captain of the
Laura Virginia, which arrived yesterday from
Lerma, three leagues from Campeachy.I He
has told mo that the Yucatenses lost the battle,
and that on our pait a number were killed, of
whom Col. Andrade was one. Boylan is q Texan
spv, and carried powder to Commodore Moore
1.-The Texan naval commander near Campescbyl
instead of flour, according to his manifest"


These take it, are fair samples of the aoeu.
racy and honesty Of the Texan and New. Orleans
papers. Mexico, like the lion, has 10 painter.


But the strongest and most decisive condem.
nation of the Federal Republican form of Gov |
srnment has come out OF the mouths of men |
who have been clamoring and protesting to fight
in resistance of any change of that form; and
out of the mouths Of men who have, by all means
private and POLITICAL open and secret, instigatea
aided and abetted them in that resistance.


On the 18th Of October, 1899, Mr.. Van Buren,,
then Secretary of State, in letter to our Charge
d d'Afairs, in Mexico, complained of the attempt
Of several OF the State Legislatures of Mexico
dictate TO the Supreme Executive Power,
Statss, Ponsett !; and of their undertaking " to
,us,ily this conduct by publishing to the world
violent attack upon the national character Of the
United States, and upon that public and pri-
vate) of their accredited agent" These 0cts,
Mr.. Van Buren, declares "only want the seal OF
the Federal sanction to be resented by this Gov
ernment as an insult to the honor and to the
majesty of q sovereign people, IN the person OF
its accredited public minister"


In subsequent despatch, dated March |, 1881,
Nr. Van Buren complains of " "exactions levied
upon American merchants and upon their CON-
merce in Mexico, contrary to the laws OF the
Federal Government of Mexico, and to the
regulations in force with regard 10 the merchants
of other neyons;" that besides the Federal du.
lies, both of import and excise, American mer.
chants were Z" subject to pay tax of ten dollars
on every three hundred pounds of merchandise
introduced into the State of Chihuahua, and to
smother OF two dollars per day, upon every fer.
eipner engaged in commerce within the same;"
ths, .these additional burdens were imposed by
State authority alone, without the sanction OF
asy Fsdsral enactment" Similar complaints
srs made in tho same document, of the acts OF
tho States of Jalisco and New Leon.


On the 18th September. 1881, Mr.. Butler, the
American Charge d Affairs. speaking of pledge
of the Mexican Government, to prevent any effort
from beng made and carried on from thcir tor
Ii,ory 10 interfere in tins affairs of Guatemala,
remarked as fol ows:


Without pr. tandiog to question the sincerity
OF the declaration, my kno@ledgs OF the peculla'
condition of the Mexican confederation, Its IN.
efficient organisation, and the feeble bonds by
whjcs the several parts are held together, well
warran, me in doubling their competency to per-
form sueb an engagement In State 80 remote
from the capital of the Mexican Government as