VOLUME x.--NUMBER 4a4
TERM S-S3 PER ANNUHT,
.sz,. PAYABLE Nv .aDVAWCE.
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land dumb, in the Ron-sIayehoIding States was
lone ont of every CSC and of blind, one out Of
tevery SIC. In the last years then, the alarm
ling fact sproved, that the proPoTtiOnots number
of free black deaf and DUMP, and also of blind,


has increased about Jftty per cent. No statement


as to the Insane idiots is given in the census of
$780,
j Let us now examine the future increase Of


free blacks in the States adjoining the slaveholds


ling States, if Texas is not reannexed to the Union
I By the cepsus of 1890, the number offree blacks


in the States adding New York; adjoining tho
slaveholdng States, was 1888. In the States


adding New York) adjacent 10 the slavehOiding
States the humber of free black, by the eeRsus Of


l84e, was Las, ,107 !; being an aggregate increase
of nearly eleven to one Ia New York, New Jer-
sey, Pennsylvania Ohio Indiana, and Illinois.
Now, by the census and table above given the ags
Egregate number Of free blacks who were deafand
dumb, blind idiot CIR insane, paupers,or in prisons,
IN the non-saveholding States, was 26.342 or one
in every six Of the whole number. Now If The
free black population should increase in the same
ratio, in the aggregate in New York, New Jer-
sey, Pennsylvania, Ohio Indiana, and Illinois,
from I84O to 1890, as it did from 1890 to la4a
the aggregate free black population in these SIX
States would be, in 1890, 100000 in 1865,
100000; in 1853, 100000, and the aggregate
number in these six States of free blacks, accoids
ing TO the present proportion, who would then be





in prison would be, in 1890, 266.666; in 1855,
133, 1888; and in 1853, 66,666; being, as We have
iseen one-sixth Of the whole number. Now, if
the annual cost of supporting these free blacks
in these asylnms, and other houses, inciuding the
interest the sums expended in their erection, and
for annual REPAIRS and the money. disbursed for
the arrest trial, conviction, and transportation Of
the criminals, amounted to fifty dollars for. each
the annual tax on the people of these states on ac-
of cESI he IN
$4,000; in 1865, 6,666, 800; and in 1853, S3,-
333, 300


Does then, humanity require that we should
render the blacks more debased and miserable, by
this process of abolaion, with greater temptations
to crime, with more of real guilt and less Of actu-
al eomlorts2 AS the free blacks are thrown more
and more upon the cities Of the North, and COM
pete more there with the white aborer, the cond9-
ton of the blacks becomes worse and more peril
Gus every day, until we have already seen, the
masses of Cincinnati and Philadel phia rise TO exptt
the negro race beyond their limits. Immediate
abolition whilst it deprived the South Of the means
to purchase the products and manufactures oftha
North and West, would Gil those States with an
inundation of free black population, that woHld be
absolutely intoferable Immediate abolition then;
has but few advocates but if emancipation, wefe
not immediate, but only gradual, whilst slavery
existed to any great extent in the sEvthoidiAg
States bordering upon the States of the North
and West, this expulsion, by gradual ahoIition,
of the free blacks into the States Immediately
north of them, would be very considerable,
and rapidly augmenting every year. If this pro-
cess of gradual abolition only doubled the num-
Der of free blacks be thrown upon the States Of
the North and West then, reference to the tables
before presented, proves that the number of free
black in New York, Pennsylvania, New jersey,
Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois, would be, in $780, s.
100000; in 1865, 100000; and in 1853, 8oO,-'
600; and that the annual expenses TO the people Of
these six States, account of the free blacks
would be- in $780, S26, ,666 400; in 1865, S13, $685.,
200; and in 1853, Sc 666,6O


1t was in view, no doubt of these facts, that Mr.
Davis, of New York, declared, upon the floor of
Congress, on the 29th December, 1643, that the
abolition of slavery in the southern States must be
followed by delage Of black population TO tile
NOrtA filing our 5GiLs and poor houses and bring
ing destruction upon the l0bOrimg portion of oar
people" DR.. Duncan also, of Cincinnati, Ohio,
in his speech in Congress on the 9th January,
1874 declared the result of abolition would be to
inundate the North with free blacks, described by
him as "paupers beggars thieves, assassasins, anl
desperadoes; ALL or nearly all, pennilness and des-
titute, without skill, means industry persever
ance to obtain a livelihood each possessing
and cherishing reve nge for supposed or real
wrongs. No mans freside, persoDs family, or
would be safe by day and night. 1t
7LOD TeqIITeS the WuOIe eu6JRIeS Oh TIC anu
the whole vigilance of the police of all our prin
cpal cities to restrain and keep in subordination
the few struggling free negroes which now infest
them" If such be the case now, whatwill be the
result when, by abolition, gradual or Immediate.
the number of these free negroes shall be doubled
and quadrupled, and Occupied, in the more north.
ern Of the slaveholdng States, before slavery had
receded from their limits, and nearly the whole Of
which free black population would be thrown on
The adjacent non-slaveholding States Much, IL NOT
all Of this great evil, will be prevented by the re-
of Texas. Since the purchase Of Lou
isiana and Florida, and the settlement of Alabama
and Mississippi, there have Been carried toto this
region as the census demonstrates, from the States
of Delaware Maryland, Virginia. and Kentucky,
halfa million fsIaves including their descendants,
that otherwise would now be within the limits Of
those four States. Such has been the result as 10
have diminished in two Of these States nearest to
the North, the number of their slaves far below
what they were at the census of 1890, andto have
reduced them at the census of 1910, in Deleware
to the small number of 2, COS. Now five double
the rate of diminution, as we certainly will by the
of Texas slavery will disappear from
Delaware in ten years, and from Maryland in
twenty, and have greatly diminished in Virginia
Kentucky. AS then by the remuneration, slave
ry advances in Texas, 1t must recede to the same
extent from the more northern ofthe slaVehoIding
States; and consequently, the evil to the northern


