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natl, and New Orleans, Boston, New York, Balti-


more, and Philadelphia. The city which will


derive the greatest advantage, in proportion to her


population, undoubtedly will be Pittsburg, not


only from the wonderful extent and variety of her


manufactures, but also from her position. The


same steamboat, constructed by her skiiful work


men, which starts from Pittsburg at the head of


the Ohio, freighted with her manufacturers, can


ascend the Red river for many hundred miles, into


one of the most fertile regions of Texas. and re-


turn to the iron city with cargo of cotton there
| to be manufactured for sale in Texas, and other


sections of the Union The steamboats, of Pitts


burg, Also can descend the Mississippi to the gulf


and, coasting along its shores to Galveston, Mata-


gorda, and the other ports of Texas, there dispose
of their cargoes of manufactures, and bring back
the cotton and sugar of Texas, and also the gold


and silver, which will be furnished by her mines
in great abundance whenever they are worked


with sufficient skill and capital. Pittsburg is a
great GceStern city; and whether she shall soon
be the greatest manufacturing city of the world
depends upon the markets of the west, and espe-
cially on the market of Texas-whch, we have


seen, can alone be secured by remuneration, and,


without it, must be lost forever. And shall Pitts


burg complain that new States are to be added in
the West? Why, the new States of the West


have made Pittsburg all that she is, and all that


she ever will be; and each addition to their num-


Der will only still more rapidly augment her


markets, her business her erwealth. and population.
Nor can Plttsburg advance without the cores
pondent improvement of Philadelphia, and of all
the great interior CT Pennsylvania, throughout
the whole line of internal communication that


binds together the two great cities of the Kew
stone State. While it is true that New England
and the middle and northwestern States will de-


rive the greatest profit directly from the reannexa
tlon of Texas, the South and Southwest, from the
a II Of or,I of tIo


North-produced, not by restrictions on the South


and Southwest, but in reciprocal free trade with
Texas and all the States-will then also find in
New England, and in the middle and northwes
tern States larger and more able purchaser, and


more extensive and better markets for all their ex
ports. Indeed, so great will be the mutual bene-


fits from this measure, that do not hesitate to re-
cord the opinion that In ten years succeeding the


remuneration, with just and fair Legislation, there
will be more American cotton then manufacture
ed IN this Union than now IS, or than will be, in


England and we shall begin to look to the pri


ces current of our cities to regulate the mark


ct, and not to England to raise depTess, at her
pleasure, the value of the great American staplo
The North wants more markets at home for the
products OF her industry, and attempts to secure
those of the South and Southwest by the tariff;


while they complain that this most certainly de-


presses the price of their great staple and as sure
ly dcprlVes them Of the means of purchasing the
products and manufactures of the North But


upon grounds undisputed by the friends or oppon-
ents of tariff, Texas must furnish, as part of
the Union, in any event. vast market for many
of its products, upon the principle of reciprocal
free trade among the Slates-that great principle
which led to the adoption of the constitution and
which has done more than all other causes COM
bined to advance our interest


Upon the rejection Of remuneration, it will be
utterly impossible to prevent the smuggling Of
British and foreign gods, to all almost incalculabe
extent through Texas into the Union thus not on
ly depriving our manufacturers of the markets of
Texas but also of the markets of the whole valley
of the West. This dificlty is already experience
ed to small extent in Canada, although we have
mostly dense population upon our side, and To-
Gated in region of the north, generally highly
favorable to the tariff, and deeply interested, as
they suppose, in detecting and preventing snug
Cling But the difficulty in Texas will be far
greater. There, the line of division u.s. first the
Sabine-a very narrow stream, far different from
the lakes of the North, and the great ST. Law
rence-as boundary and from the Sabine, for
a long distance, mere geographical line to the
Red river, along that stream for many hundred
miles, and then another long geographical line to
the Arkansas, and thence many hundred miles
along that stream to its source, and thence to ati
tude AZ. Here is boundary of fifteen hundred
miles, and very large portion of it mere geo.
graphical lines, running through the very centre
of the great valley of the Mississippi. Could an
army of revenue officers, even if all were honest
and above temptation, guard such distance, and
such frontier, against the smuggler, and that too


in the midst of population on both sides deeply
hostile to the tariff; many Of them regarding it
as unconstitutional, and therefore that it is righ


in their judgment, to evade its operation These
difficulties were foreseen by MIR. Van Buren,, and
constitute strong argument, urged by him in his
despatch of 1926, in favor of the remuneration of
Texas. He there urges the difficulty of establish
ing proper custom-house at the mouth of the Sa-


bne, without which, he says, even in that direction


Kit is impossible to prevent that frontier from be-
coming the seat of an EXTENSIVE SYSTEM
SMUGGLING" 1t is true, that custom-housc on


our side of the Sabine and with numerous and


faithful officers, might diminish smuggling in that
direction but as by the treaty, IN force sOitb
| TexaS all vessels entering Texas through the Sa-
bine, must pass unmoested, and land their cargoes
at anv point on the Sabine, could smuggling be
prevented in that direction2


But if smuggling could be prevented through
the Sabine, there is the harbor of Galveston, en-


tirely in Texas, and with depth equal to that at


the mouth of the Mississippi and there is the


river Trinity (emptying into that harbor) also en-


tirely in Texas and navga5le to point not far from


Rad river, within the boundaries of Texas; and


up and through these streams into Arkansas and
Louisiana, and the valley of the West, it would
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