away those markets from US. and leave Us only
markets for part nf or Eat:an and TOBACCO
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The Secre:aJ of;he Trealu sats that we employ ;hc
rnnsportaon Of ctr agricultural produces 20 hee ports
Il men, 3l9 boys, I.s vessels amounting - tons
Here then l5,h whole rate fo.ce engaged in tax.
nu products, and bringing Us back wealth
equal the entire of the United Ssaes Government,
A.f ,h income : !eyed 1 9g iao1T Ths GO. u;
the United states"


These facts shew the nect tssiiy Of 9 home mar
Ike: fo- the Agricul:uTis, and this marke; is
only 10 he furnished D. tn. increase OF manufac.
lures, and the export OF t.e surplus Of raenuf-c-
tured articles


From the return. made at the Centre Furnace of Centre Co
hundred OF bar !on the opeatol AZ that establishment
consumed thousand five huprtd bushels Of wheat. our
amount Of eleven thousand dsr and Il DRY @ goods and slo
cere, wenr thousand DOLLAR Wehave only therefore
this the .roc amount manufactured and
Importance OF proper legislation ~ become evident TO the
anIcuuIl:.


This single instance OF consumption by manu-
factures il lS40, which did not exist In le4l,
from the absence OF protection in that year, IS a
fair specimen OF the action of the entire system,
and the Agricu!turist who caano. count these ef-
fects, must be- too void Of intelligence to recog.
nizs his own interest.


Our Agricul,urist of the Soo.h-T mean the
six Cotton. growing States, viz: South Caroline,
Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana and
Tennessee-heaGed by MIR. Calhoun, have been
most loud in their complaints agsins. a Protec..
i've Tariff, asserting that they paid the protective
duty which went ~ support The Manufactures OF
the North. This is untrue and eau be very easily
shown, to demonstration. We will CHE few
articles which the politicians of those States have
particularly selected, and overwtem them With
their own figures. First, psfsr. They furnish too,
nrfa n, puSU IN Irs ma
iacture, and receive S5,000,O00 per annum for
these rags Now for their position as consumers
o. paper: In lS40, tlrc.e we're IA, l90,2l9 white
inhabltants in the United States, and but l,4Sl,-
l22 ef these were residents of the Cotton. growing
States. Thc-efIe, while they receive 9 10 of
The benefit of The protective duty on rags, they
pay less than I of the protective duty on paper !;
in addition to the fact that The $4,000 900 which
they receive for their rags would be eatire!y los;
to them if paper was not protected.


We have now COO paper mill, in operation IN the United
turing least equal 10 IL capital per and afford
ing suenance upward OF 600 operatives Since the proec-
nlone ha, reduced the prce onehn: proposed Tariff will
do also with this valuable brunch OF home industry.


Ia speech made at tho Anniversary Of the
American Institute by Hon. A. II. II. Stuart of
Va. he called the attention of the audience 10 the
fact that while The product OF these six States,
Cotton paid duty of but FIVE per cent. in the
English market, the Agricultural products Of all
other States paid an average duty of $50 per cent
and their immediate neighbors. Virginia and
Kentucky, a duty of nearly 1000 per cent. on
their Toblcco crop when shipped TO British
port Thus they are in receipt o. both home and
foreign protection. Ourco growing politicians
seem to forget the fact that England is using
sr;ong exartions to raise Cotton in her own Esst
India Colonies, and her whole legislation with
Egvptis with q view OF becoming favored Gus.
TONERS for her Gotten. l. the cotton nanufac-
turers of this country should he few years with
ont Protection, the Southern planter might have
the satisfaction of seeing his negr5cs clad III
E:yplGn Cuttons. spun and woven in EngIan:.
One of these States, Louisiana, receives very
large share of the protection of the presen Tariff
Her supposed crop OF Scsars this year will
rea ch. as per the statements of the N.w Orleans
Chamber of Commerce nearly 200 600. 600 lbs. (;
md this is protected ny duty on foreign Sugars
of % cents per pound. Her own consumption,
in connection with the other fivo cotton growing
States being hut "a, $50 900 lbs. of her crap and
this calculation suppnses that the 45, ,463 free
co!ored and The ,4DS ,236 slaves consume Sugar
in the same ratio as an equal number of persons
in the Northern States. Their Molasses, Of
watch the amount is very large, is also protected
by high duty on foreign Molasses. Louisiana,
however, appears ct last to have awakened to the
fact of her position.


will now refer to a few of tho beneficial re-
suits which have arisen from tho present Tariff,
ard the consequent competition, talent and in
gcnuity which have been brought TO bear upon
American manufactures. Almost every article
exhibited at the late Fair OF the American insti-
tute show great Improvement in quality. Cloths
Cassimeres Flannels Cslicoes, Sheetings, Shirt
ings, &C. &c. are all equal to the best imported
articles. The Flint Glass there exhibited has
greater refractive force, and is much whittier than
anv imported, while the style of design is in
initely superior 10 the English, In France the
arts Of design have formed a part of the common
schsol education of the operative, and conse-
ouently the English silversm;th has often TO ap-
peal to the designs OF the French tInma IN to beau
tify his work; and with the exception of those i'm
proyements in the application Of the fine arts to
the mechanic arts which were introduced into
England by the energy Of Wedgewood, she ha,
stood comparatively still. leaving the field Of
ornamental design TO the French Our manufac-
turers, however, have profted by her supineress,





beauty to their designs. The lamp Girahdolea,
Candelabras, sc. sc. exhibited at the late Fair
were rare specimens OF graceful form and artist
cal finish. The quality Of The OT mold was fully
equal to The hes. French


Some time since, ono of our largest importers
Of French Goods imported large quantity OF
Calicoes Of superior quality and elegant patterns
Some four weeks before Inc opening of tbs Fair,
having sold his goods, he presented his pattern
cords to commission merchant If this city, WHO
Immediately scnt them 10 friend, II N nuiactu-
rer at the Fast. The Importer before spoken OF
visited the Fair, and there quantity OF Cali
Goes which he mistcok for those whichhc hedlm-
ported, and complained tina. French goods should
be admitted at our Fair. The manufacturer, who
happened to be present, sold him a large quantity
at % cts per yard, being equal in quality and CT
the same patterns as those which he had import
ed ata cost Of 81 cents per yard.


Our ingenious countryman, Mr. Burcen OF
Troy, has constructed a machine by which he
manufactures several tons OF Iron day into
Horse Shoes, and these are entirely superior to
those previously made, OF q cost very little above


IL