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to carry; the building of ships would cease, and the grass would grow in many q street now enlivened by an active and progressive industry. In the interior, the railroads and canals would languish for want of business i; and the ssctories and manufacturing towns and cities, decaying and deserted. would stand as blasted monuments of the folly of man. One universal bankruptcy would overspread the country, together with all the demoraliz- alton and crime which ever accompany such Il catastrophe and the notices al every corner would point only to sales on execution. by tbc constable, the sheriff. the marshal, and the whilst the beggars would ask us in the streets, not for money, but for bread Dark as the picture may be, it could not ex- ceed the gloomy reality. Such would be the effects in the North; whilst in the South no human heart can conceive. nor pen describe, the dreadful consequences. Let Us look at another resulttothe North Theslayes being emancipated, not by the South, but by the North, would fly there for safely and protec- ton and three millions of free blacks would be thrown at once, as if by eonvulsion of nature, upon the States of the North. They would come there tother friends of the North, who had given them freedom, to give them also labilation, food, and clothing, and, not having if 10 give, many of them would perish from want and exposure; whilst the wretehed would be left to live as they could. by theft or charity. They would still be a degraded caste, free only in name, without the reality of freedom. i few might earn Wretehed and preearious subsistence, by com peting with the white laborers of the North and reducing their wages to the lowest point in the sliding scale ot starvation and misery whilst the poor-bouse and the jail, the asy- lums of tae deaf and dumb, the blind, the idiot and insane, would be filled to overflow ing; if indeed, any asylum could be afforded to the millions of the negro race whom wretch edness and crime would drive to despair and madness.

 That these are sad realities, is proved by the census Of I840. annex in an appendix a table, marked No. 1, compiled by me en- tifely from the official returns of 1840, ex- eept as to prisons and paupers which are obtained from city and State returns, and the results are as follows:

 lst. The number of deaf and dumb. blind, idiots. and insane, of the negoes of the non- slayeholdIng States, Is one out of every 96 :; in the slaveholding States, it is one out of every 672. or seven 10 one in favor of the slaves in this respect, as compared with the free blacks.

 2d. The number of whites, deaf and dumb, blind, idiots, and insane, in the non-slaye- holding States, Is one in every, 561, being nearly six to one against the free blacks ill the same States.

 3d. The number of negroes who are deaf and dumb, blind, idiots, and insane, paupers, and in prison i'll the non-slaveholding States, Is one ont of every 6, and in the slaveholdng States, one out of every l54; or twenty-two to one against the free blacks, as compared With the slaves.

 4th. Taking the two extremes of north and south, in Maine, the number of negroes fe- turned as deaf and dumb, blind, insane, and idiots, by the census of 1910, Is one out of every twelve, and in slayeholdng Florida, by the same returns, Is one of every eleven hun dred and five; or ninety-two to one, in favor of the slaves of Florida, as compared with the free blacks of Maine.

 By the report of the secretary of Siate of Massachusetts Of the lst November, 1913, } to the legislature, there were then in the county jaiIs, and houses of correction in that State, 4,020 whites, and 364 negroes; and adding lhe previous renrns ofthe State prison, 255 whites and 3 blacks; making in all 4,27J whites, and 39G free blacks; being one out of every one hundred and seventy of the white, and one out of every tWenty-one of the free black population and by the official returns of the census of 1910, and their own official returns 10 their own legislature, one out of every thirteen of the free blacks of was either deaf and dumb, blind, idiot, or insane, or in prison-thus proving a degree of debascment and misery, on the part of the colored race, in that truly great State, which is appalling. In the last official report to the legislature of the warden of the pcnitentiary of eastern Pennsylvania, he says: 1.-The whole number of prisoners received from the opening ol the institution, October 9, 1929, 10 January l, 1913, is l,622; of these, l,l004 were white males 533 coiored males; 27 white females, and 58 colored females in or one out of every Sl7 of the white, and one out of every sixty four ol the negro Populaton, and ofthe white female eonFiets, one out of every l6,2S8; and of the coIored female convicts, one out of every 349 ta one prison, showing degree of guilt and debasement on the part of the colored females, revolling and unparalleled When such is the debasement of the colored females, far exceeding even that of the white females in the most corrupt cities of Europe, extending, too, throughout oue-half the lini- it's of a great State, we may begin to form some idea of the dreadful condition of the free blacks, and how much worse it is than that of the slaves, whom we are asked to liberate and cousign to a similar condition of guilt and misery. Where, too, are these ex- amples The first is in the great State of Massachusetts, that for G4 years, has never had slave, and whose free black population, being 5.463 in 1790, and but 8,669 at present, is nearly the same free negro population, and their descendants, whom for more than half