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&s!% %ns'' '9'e ls5ls iis. TSB S6ass% S. pound,
i'nrE ,'heai 59Jl 80 sugar. ~. .iy'35iV
p,atSes lO5:,JjlS3 Vine gallons l5f5',2liO


Estimated present Population u. 5. l9,lo3'oc3.
There were granted during lS43 10 less than
53l new Patents, while 446 expired during the
same period There were $40 applications. The
whole number of Patents issued by the Govern
mcnt is 1888. The receipts Of the Patent Of
fee during lS43 were S35,3l5 the expenditures
S24,75O; returned to claimants whose claims to
Patents were denied, 2,5,026. For restoring the
Models, Sc destroyed by the burning of the old
Patent Office, S4,535.


The following passages from the Report en-
body summary of portion Of the more linpor-
tant improvements and inventions of the past
year:


In the operation Of the new furnaces IN the Pa
tent Office, curious effect is produced by par'-
cular ventilation, and deserves remark. Nenilla-
ton is often obtained through the ceiling only
but, as far as it respects ROOMS heated by ho-air
furnaces only this method is all incorrect one
If the temperature of the different parts OF the
room is tested by a thermometer, it will be found
that the upper part heats frst and II no outlet Is
given, The draft of hot air ceases, the room beng
filled. Let an aperture be made at the tOpoi the
room, and the warm air instantly escapes but II
an opening is made near the floor, the cold ar
within the room passes out, and the warm air
descends to fill the space


An experiment, proving this, was tried in dry
ing clothes IN Il room without ventilation, heated
by air furnaces the clothes that were IN the up
per part of the room dried well, while those IN the
lower par, still continued moist. As soon, how
ever, as an aperture was made for ventilation be-
low, IA draugh Int was given TO the furnace, the cold
air expelled, and the clothes dried rapidly. The
public will thus see how easily serious difficulty
IN heating rooms may be overcome.


In nv last report, an account was given oil
mode of constructing cheap cottages OF unburnt
brick The numerous experiments of similar
kind since attempted in the United States, and
the satsf4ctionS there experienced, together with
the repeated inquiries on this subject, lead me to
remark that from accounts of the similar use OF
such bricks in Egypt, it is proved that they have
been found undccayed and sound IN arches which
have even stood the lapse OF 2,0o0 years. 1he
cottage erected by myself on Massachusetts ave-
nuc. IN full sight oi the Capitol, and winch is two
stories in hight, stands well, and appears as hand
some as the best brick houses; and beng warm
in Winter, and cool in Summer justihes me fully
in recommending similar mode OF building,
especially where clay is abundant and timber
scarce


Some have doubted the policy of erecting such
houses in cold climates; but it may be remarked
that in Canada these buildings have been success
fully proved as will be seen by reference TO the
paper marked u.


BY means of preparation, by cxhaustng the air,
and then iniusing sulphate OF iron or other sub.
stances into the pores of iwood for railroads, it
Is said the wood has been rendered 50 hard that
the iron wheel of the car leaves no trace after
more than years use of this metallic" wood.


By valuable machine, with ten yoke of oxen
and five hands, ditch of suitable depth for drain
ing lands, IA inches deep, and IS inches wide at
the top ten miles may be cXcovated IN one day,
at an expense, by contract of not more than three
cents per rod A larger machine, with greater
number OF oxen, will eXcavate ditch three feet
deep. The great importance of such an instru-
mcnt OH the prairies OF the West will at once be
seen and acknowledged


The rapid improvement of the arts may help 10
account for the reduction of price as TO many ar
ticles of manufacture, and especially in some that
are usually ranked among the nccessarcs OF life
individuals now in Congress can recoect of ha-
wing, thirty years since, purchased shlrtmg at b24
cents per yard, who the last year have bought
that which was equally good for III cents per
yard only.


Hosiery, too, is now made in this country with
astonishing rapidlty, by The aid of the power-wea-
wing loom-an American invention, aud which
has not vet been introduced into England. While,
there, it is Il full days work TO knit by hand two
pairs of drawers, a girl here (at So 80 per week
will make by the powcr- loom, twenty pairs IN the
same time \ piece IS inches III witth, and one
inch long can bc knit in one minute.


The expense of manufacturing this article has
thus been reduced TO about one-lenth ut the lor
mcr method by hand looms. The Importance OF
this improvement may be estimated from the fact
that the quantity OF hosiery used in the United
States is valued at S2,500,000; and the stock
inss, woven shirts and drawers made in this
country at S100,0G0.


The little article of hooks and eyes is another


illustration of the same progress OF inventive IN
duslry. Thirty years ago, the price was 81 Oh
the gross pairs; now, the same quantity may be
purchased from ID 10 20 cents. At one cstab
hshment in New Britain, Connecticut, $4,000 to
100000 pairs per day arc made and plated by
gaVdnlc DalteFy, oT Tic Coiu slINcI ploCcsS. III
value oil this article consumed in year IN this
country is said 10 be S150,000


Another article very essential to the husband
man. hOrse.shOes, furnishes similar proof OF the
bearing of the progress of inventions. An I'M.
proved kind OF horse shoes made at Troy, New
York. for some time past, is now sold at the price
OF only five cents per pound, ready prepared TO
be used in shoeng The animal. At factory re-
Gently erected, fifty tons of these are now turned
out per day and 1t is thought they can be made
and sent 10 Europe al us good q prof, is de-
rived from American clocks, which have hand
somely rcmuneraied the exporter.


The Improvements in the manufacture and
making up Of leather have also greatly reduced
the price of another artcle-shoes. BY further
inventions 20 render leather water proof like
wise, much has been done TO protect the health
and promote economy. Those who have not
turned their attention to this subject may be sur
priced TO learn that leather made waterproof in
the best manner will last at least one third longer
than other kinds. Allowing, therefore, three dol
Ia l,,I oh .b,I pIteI STATES