Evaluation of Ecosystem Services in Macao Based on InVEST Model

Global climate change leads to the frequent occurrence of Extreme climatic hazards such as flooding, high temperature and storm surges. High-density coastal cities have high disaster vulnerability due to the geographical location and agglomeration of social and economic resources. Therefore, it is urgent to improve resilience to ensure sustainable urban development. Ecosystems can significantly improve the resilience of cities due to their functions of carbon sinks, flood regulation, improving UHI and optimizing air quality. Therefore, this paper takes Macao, a typical high-density coastal city, as an example. Firstly, InVEST is used to construct an ecosystem services evaluation model including habitat quality, carbon storage and water supply. Secondly, the ecosystem services of Macao in 2010, 2015 and 2020 were evaluated to identify the spatial and temporal variation characteristics. Finally, core ecological protection zones, general ecological protection zones and ecological restoration zones were defined to provide a basis for improving the ecosystem service value and climate resilience of Macao.