Sex Change (Sex-Reassignment Surgery) without Medical Grounds in Indonesia: Conflict between Pancasila and Human Rights

Indonesia upholds the Pancasila Principle, which recognize divinity value as the first point. Opposing the concept of LGBT, including forbidding same-sex marriage, is one of example impact of recognizing divinity values in Indonesia. However, some court’s decisions regarding sex-change cases (without medical grounds) reflect different view. Some legal reasonings merely consider human rights grounds without consider Pancasila principles. Thus, some judges clearly submit that sex-change is acceptable and is not against Pancasila. This purpose of this article is that to elaborate the judge’s legal reasonings and some potential conflicts embarked. The desk-based research methodology will be used in this paper.        
Keywords: Sex-Change, Non-medical grounds, Pancasila, Indonesia. 
eISSN: 2398-4287© 2022. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. 
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