Novel Therapeutics for Type 2 Diabetes, Obesity, and Heart Failure

This review summarizes the key findings of the cardiovascular benefits associated with novel antihyperglycemic agents, discusses the use of these newer agents beyond the management of diabetes, and suggests how these medications should be utilized to treat individuals participating in cardiac rehabilitation. Background: Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) has evolved over time not only to improve cardiorespiratory fitness through exercise but also to promote lifestyle-related behaviors to manage cardiovascular disease risk factors. Given the prevalence of obesity, diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, and heart failure, CR serves as an ideal setting to monitor and, when indicated, intervene to ensure that individuals are optimally treated. Purpose: The objective of this report was to review current antihyperglycemic agents and discuss the role for these medications in the care and treatment of individuals participating in CR. Conclusion: There is strong evidence that the benefits provided by some antihyperglycemic medications go beyond glycemic control to include general cardiovascular disease risk reduction. Health care professionals in CR should be aware of the cardiovascular benefits of newer antihyperglycemic agents, as well as the treatment approach to patients with type 2 diabetes, obesity, and heart failure.