Diagnosing heart failure with preserved ejection fraction in cardiac amyloidosis or diagnosing cardiac amyloidosis in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction?

This article refers to ‘Value of the HFA-PEFF and H 2 FPEF scores in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction caused by cardiac amyloidosis’ by D. Tomasoni et al. , published in this issue on pages 2374–2386. Heart failure (HF) with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is increasingly common and projected to be the dominant form of HF in the future. 1 Cardiac amyloidosis (CA), caused by immunoglobu-lin light-chain (AL) amyloidosis or transthyretin (ATTR) amyloidosis are under-recognized causes of cardiomyopathy and HF. In particular, wild-type (wt) ATTR amyloidosis is increasingly recognized as a common cause of HFpEF. 2