Phytochemical investigation and antioxidant activities of tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.)

Tamarind (Tamarindus indica) is a common worldwide medicinal plant. Due to high medical importance, tamarind seed and pulp fraction and sub fractions were compared. The present study was aimed to investigate the phytochemical investigation and antioxidant activities of different extracts of tamarind by demonstrating different extraction methods and then selection of best and less time taking method. Biological activities including 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) showed maximum inhibition for seed (74.09±0.76) as compare to pulp (72.09±0.43) at 300 μg/ml for butanol fraction, 2, 2'-azino-Bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) showed maximum inhibition for seed (79.19±0.36) as compare to pulp (75.69±0.23) at 300 μg/ml for butanol. Metal chelation showed maximum inhibition for seed (81.39±0.70) as compare to pulp (77.49±0.93) at 300 μg/ml for butanol fraction, whereas lipid-peroxidation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) inhibition showed maximum value for seed at 120 μg/ml as compare to pulp with FeSo4 for butanol fraction and with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP), TBARS inhibition showed maximum values for seed at 120 μg/ml as compare to pulp for butanol faction. The total antioxidant activity phosphomolybdenum assay was performed, which showed maximum values for seed at 120 μg/ml as compare to seed for butanol fraction. Total phenolic contents of seed for butanol fraction were 1.83 ± 0.31 mg/g for seed and 2 .83 ± 0.44 mg/g for pulp. Similarly, high amount of flavonoid content for seed was 1.31 ± 0.09 mg/g was given for dichloromethane and for pulp it was given as 1.91 ± 0.96 mg/g for butanol fraction. The results suggested that the extract of T. indica is potential source of the phytochemical investigation and antioxidant activity and utilized in diseases arising from oxidative stress in near future by using ultra-sonication method which is precise and time-consuming method.