Evaluation Of NLRP3 Inflammasome Activity In Cardiovascular Diseases Patients In Najaf Governorate

Background: The NLRP3 inflammasome is a crucial constituent of innate immunity, mediating caspase-1 stimulation and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines Interleukin one and Interleukin-18. Still, abnormal activating of the NLRP3 inflammasome is being connected to a number of inflammatory diseases, such as diabetes, and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Cardiovascular diseases are still widespread with significant deaths and morbidity ratios. Most CVDs are caused by vascular damage, including atherosclerosis, aneurysms, and subsequent ischemic heart conditions.   Aim of the study: Evaluation of NLRP3 inflammasome activity in cardiovascular diseases.Methodology: This study (cross-sectional study) included 200 individuals with cardiovascular disorders from January 2022 and May . The patients ranged in age from (1 to 80) years old, with 58 females and 142 males among the 200 cases. The serum samples of patients were obtained for screening of the presence of   NLRP3 Inflammasome by ELISA using commercial kits (SUNLONG_CHINA).Results: Patients with cardiovascular disease were divided into 4 aging groups as, the following: The 1st  age group (<20) yrs. old, The 2nd age group (20-39) yrs. old, The 3rd age group (40-59) yrs. old, and the last group,  is(60-79). The results clearly showed that a high percentage of ischemic heart disease was present among all age groups compared to others types followed by structural heart disease. The current study's cardiovascular patients were higher in males compared to females by about 142(71%) vs 58(29%) of all 200 participants. The study indicates that significant results for NLRP3  inflammasome were present among age groups patients with a p-Value equal to 0.03, it also indicates that there are no significant results for NLRP3  inflammasome among sex groups of patients with a p-Value equal to 0.402. And also an association between CVD and study marker showed no significant difference between seropositive NLRP3  inflammasome with cardiovascular disease types. 
Conclusions: The most common cardiovascular type in the study was ischemic heart disease. Cardiovascular disease affects men more than women, and it gets worse as people get older.