Natural premature menopause relates to higher risk of mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias in APOE‐ε4 carriers only

Overall risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and APOE‐ε4‐related risk for AD is higher among women than men, but the sex‐specific biological underpinnings of these sex differences are unknown. Earlier age at menopause has been associated with higher risk of AD and related dementias (ADRD); however, it is unclear whether this relationship holds among naturally menopausal (versus surgically menopausal) women only or whether it is impacted by APOE‐ε4 genetic risk. We examined the association of natural premature (occurring ≤40 years of age) menopause with MCI and ADRD risk among older women and whether this relationship was moderated by APOE‐ε4 genotype.