Value-based medicine and precision medicine in anaesthesia

Evidence-based medicine has become the part and parcel of the practice of medicine nowadays. 1 It integrates patient preference with evidence and clinicians’ experience, leading to the improvement in the length of life. 1 However, concern arises that it does not consider quality of life; hence, the concept of value-based medicine has become increasingly popular. Value-based medicine incorporates patient-perceived values that emphasise quality of life. 2 In addition