In vitro Anti-inflammatory and Anti-cholesterolemic Activities of Chrysanthellum americanum (L) Vatke Harvested in Mali

Aims: The objective of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and anticholesterolemic activities of Chrysanthellum americanum extracts. 
Place and Duration of Study: The plant material was harvested in September 2021 at Findiala located in Kolondièba, Mali. The phytochemical screening and evaluation of anti-inflammatory and anticholesterolemic activities were performed at the Laboratory of Plant and Food Biochemistry and Biotechnologies of the University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako (Mali) from September 2021 to January 2022. 
Methodology: The phytochemical screening based on classical methods was performed. The in vitro anti-inflammatory activity was determined by the protein denaturation method. The binding capacity of protein hydrolysates to bile salts was used to evaluate the anticholesterolemic activity. 
Results: The screening of C. americanum extracts revealed the presence of numerous secondary metabolites including alkaloids, polyphenols, and flavonoids. These extracts at different concentrations showed a good anti-inflammatory activity in vitro. Indeed, at 1 mg/mL of extracts with protein denaturation inhibition rates ranging from 73.33% to 79.42% respectively for infusion and decoction, against 93.33% for diclofenac (positive control). Cholesterol reduction rates ranging from 36.28±2.44% to 72.37±2.29% were recorded. Trypsin hydrolysates showed the best results with 72.37% binding to sodium cholate after 90 minutes followed by the decoction with 58.30% binding to sodium deoxycholate after 90 minutes of hydrolysis with infusion. 
Conclusion: The data obtained from this study show the richness in anti-inflammatory and anticholesterolemic activities of C. americanum extracts. Therefore, this species could be a promising source of anti-inflammatory and anticholesterolemic agents.