Primary pulmonary NUT midline carcinoma and its diagnostic challenges: A case report

NUT midline carcinoma (NMC) is a rare and aggressive cancer genetically characterized by a chromosomal rearrangement of the NUT gene. Primary pulmonary NMC is even more rare. NMC typically presents with histological features of a poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. We report a case of a 23-year-old female patient with NMC in the lung and pleura presented to a midsize, midwestern Canadian hospital. This article emphasizes the diagnostic challenges posed by NMC and highlights an encounter with this aggressive cancer, which had not previously been diagnosed in our health region.