TASKS OF RISKS ASSESSMENT AND FAILURES PREVENTION OF THE SHIP’S MECHANICAL SYSTEMS

The subject of the research is the tasks of assessing risks and preventing failures of ship mechanical systems, since at present reliability indicators are of great importance at the design stages and during operation. The various types of maintenance, namely, corrective, scheduled, by “state” are compared in the paper. The performance of technical monitoring can provide valid information about the actual state of the ship’s mechanical systems, which can reduce the technical and economic costs of their maintenance. A set of risks assessment methods is considered according the following stages - hazards identification, risks analysis, control options, cost-benefit assessment, decision making. To improve current methods and make them more practical, risks assessment and failures prevention are considered using the example of marine mechanical systems. The concept of risks matrix priority, taken from the analysis of the probability and consequences of failures, is used. The assessment identifies five levels of probability and five levels of consequences that can consider each type of undesirable accident. If statistical data are not available for each stage of the assessment, it is proposed to apply expert review. Possible connections between the design calculation of the reliability of ship’s mechanical systems and risk assessment based on actual data on accidents are discussed, i. e. a two-level system that considers various aspects of ensuring the reliability of ship equipment at all stages of its life cycle. The proposed approach for the joint use of risks assessment methods and traditional reliability calculations allows choosing the safest operating mode for the selected risk level, as well as predicting the necessary corrective actions, choosing options for diagnosing and maintaining ship’s mechanical systems. The conclusions received can be used to prepare specifications for the design of ship’s systems in order to assess reliability indicators, and also to extend the life of such equipment.