Voltage Stability Improvement of Synchronous Generator by Using AVR Self-Turning Based on the Adaptive Fuzzy-PID Contro

: The primary goal of this paper is to develop and apply an adaptive fuzzy (AF) based on the proportional integral derivative (PID) controller for the automatic voltage regular (AVR) system in the synchronous generator (SG) to improve output voltage stability. This proposed AF-PID is applied to ameliorate the shortcomings of the traditional PID controller by determining the optimal coefficients for the controller. Firstly, the initial coefficients of the traditional PID controller are calculated by using the Ziegler-Nichols method. After that, it develops the AF algorithm based on the fuzzification, rules of the fuzzy controller, and defuzzification of the voltage signals for self-tuning the coefficients to add the traditional PID controller. The transient response of the system is simulated and analyzed by considering the different step changes in reference voltage. The efficacy of the proposed AF-PID controller for the AVR system in the SG is illustrated by comparing it with traditional PID and without the controller based on the obtained results from the case studies. It can be concluded that when applying the proposed method, the transient response characteristics of the system from the perspective of simulating via the time domain under any sudden load changes in system operation, such as the rise time, steady-state error, max peak overshoot, and settling time are greatly improved. The simulation has been performed using the MATLAB/Simulink program.