Dynamics of Frustrated Tunneling Ionization driven by inhomogeneous laser fields


 We theoretically investigated frustrated tunneling ionization (FTI) driven by spatially inhomogeneous strong laser fields induced by surface plasmon resonance within a bow-tie metal nanostructure. The results show that the FTI probability and the principal quantum number distribution exhibit similar oscillatory behavior as a function of the pulse duration. Our analysis reveals that the periodic defocusing and refocusing of the electron spatial distribution due to the inhomogeneous laser field is responsible for the oscillatory structures. In addition, the initial tunneling coordinates and the angular momentum distributions of the FTI events and theirs pulse duration dependence are also explored. Moreover, our results show that the frequency of the oscillatory structures depends sensitively on the electron quiver amplitude and the inhomogeneity strength. Thus, the electron quiver amplitude and the size of the gap between the bow-tie nanostructure are useful and efficient knobs for controlling the yield and properties of exited Rydberg states.