Effect of Sleeve Gastrectomy on the Lipid Profile of Patients with Morbid Obesity Effect of Sleeve Gastrectomy on the Lipid Profile of Patients with Morbid Obesity

Obesity is a kind of malnutrition in which excess body fat has accumulated to the extent that it may have negative effect on health. The treatment of obesity is difficult, weight loss through pharmacotherapy or dietary restrictions have shown to have short term benefits and lack long term benefits. Therefore, surgical treatment is considered as one of most effective procedure for long term perspective. Laparoscopic intervention is preferred method among bariatric surgery. Out of these Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is accepted as a primary bariatric surgery for patients with severe obesity BMI > 50kg/m2 due its low risk and easier technique. We planned to evaluate the role of Bariatric Surgery in weight reduction, improved dyslipidaemia with near normo-glycemic status after sleeve Gastrectomy. The study was conducted on 50 morbid obese cases, b/w age 20-40 years with BMI > 35/kg2 who agreed to undergo restrictive bariatric Surgery (sleeve gastrectomy). The study groups were further subdivided into 3 stages-1. Morbid obese subjects selected before Sleeve Gastrectomy as baseline group for serum analysis,2. Morbid obese subjects 9 weeks after Sleeve Gastrectomy,3. Morbid obese subjects 12 weeks after Sleeve Gastrectomy. The results demonstrated significant improvement in levels of parameters like total cholesterol, LDL, triglyceride and HDL at 9 weeks and 12 weeks post surgery in patients with non diabetic status. On contrary in diabetic patients these lipid parameters including serum cholesterol and TG levels didn’t reveal any significant improvement at both 9 as well as 12 weeks post surgery, whereas LDL showed significant improvement at 9 weeks but not at 12 weeks. HDL levels were significantly increased at both 9 weeks and 12 weeks post surgery in diabetic patients. Improved glucose metabolism after Sleeve Gastrectomy may be mediated by an improvement in the insulin Resistance. Moreover, improved lipid metabolism after Sleeve Gastrectomy leads to increase in HDL-C and decrease in LDL-C, which can possibly reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. Properly controlled studies with larger cohorts are necessary to elucidate the beneficial effects of bariatric surgery.

Key words: Bariatric surgery, Blood glucose, Diabetes, HDL-C, Laparoscopic Sleeve gastrectomy, LDL-C, Lipid profile, Morbid obesity, Triglycerides, Total cholesterol .