High birefringence low loss low dispersion ring core photonic crystal fiber on terahertz band

Abstract A novel high birefringence low loss photonic crystal fiber (PCF) based on terahertz (THz) band is proposed in this paper. By constructing ring cores in core air holes and innermost cladding air holes, the characteristics of the PCF were studied in the band of 0.6–1.2 THz. The simulation results show that the birefringence characteristic of the fiber can reach 0.0514 at 0.6 THz under the optimal parameters. When working at an operating frequency of 1 THz, not only the birefringence characteristic is maintained at 0.044, but also the confinement loss is as low as about 10−6 dB/m, the dispersion of 0.272 ps/THz/cm and 0.49 ps/THz/cm, the effective mode field area reaches 0.981 μm2 and 0.745 μm2, and the single-mode operating characteristics can be maintained in the entire studied band.