The potential contribution of the adaptive immune system in frontotemporal dementia

Inflammation is a significant component of neurodegenerative disorders including frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Co‐localization of neuroinflammation and brain protein aggregation with tau and TDP‐43 has been previously documented in the clinical setting of FTD. However, the role of the adaptive immune system particularly regulatory T cells (Tregs) is not clearly defined. We hypothesize that Tregs immunomodulatory mechanisms are compromised and shift the immune system towards a proinflammatory status which might contribute to disease progression.