The process of transformation of types of money: Risks and trends

Subject. The article addresses the financial and credit policy of the State, creation of models of national economic systems functioning, financial security problems.
Objectives. The study aim to establish patterns between the development of types of money, their substitutes, and industrial revolutions, reveal threats to the national financial security associated with the active introduction of digitalization into the economy.
Methods. The retrospective analysis enabled to link the stages of the genesis of money with industrial revolutions. The dialectical method helped identify and systematize the most significant risks involved in the use of innovative technologies.
Results. The study shows that the development of types of money as a special commodity is directly related to the achievements of scientific- technological progress and growing demands of the society. Industry 4.0, characterized by accelerated digitalization of the economy, changes technologies of the financial sector, which creates new risks that need to be identified and assessed to update the financial and credit policy. Digitalization leads to accelerated transformation in the financial sector, the role of which is very significant in crisis conditions.
Conclusions. The established patterns, risks and trends are objective prerequisites for the formation of a new monetary policy and the development of the concept of Russia's economic security in the context of Industry 4.0.