The applications of the optical tweezer and atomic force microscope at the molecular level

The ability to study fundamental processes associated with cells and single molecules has changed considerably because of technological developments, especially the optical tweezer and atomic force microscope (AFM), in the fields of chemical and biological systems. This paper investigates the subject of the application of optical tweezers and AFM for the detection of single cells and single molecular layers by collecting data from previous experiments and analysing the data statistically and graphically. Based on the collection and statistics of several experimental data, it has been shown that by using laser beams to capture and manipulate microscopic particles, optical tweezers can be used for the analysis of cancer and sickle cell diseases, and can provide insight into the way DNA is formed and characterised. In addition, AFM has yielded important results in the study of polymer transport and chemical bonding. Both are important for gaining insight into the specific recognition of biological and chemical processes at the single-molecule level.