PECULIARITIES OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF WHITE MUSTARD UNDER DIFFERENT TERMS AND NORMS OF SOWING

A review of the literature on the significance, biological features and use of white mustard for seeds in the forest zone, as well as the ratio of white mustard to the limiting factors of the norm and the time of sowing is presented. White mustard is one of the most precocious crops of the cabbage family. The research was carried out in the forest zone of the European part of Russia. The relationship between the timing of sowing and the seeding rate of white mustard of the Lugovskaya variety in the conditions of the forest zone of the European part of Russia has been established. The optimal sowing period is early sowing — at the onset of physical ripeness of the soil. White mustard plants develop better. When sowing 10–20 days later from the optimal time, the development of plants accelerates to 6–14 days, the duration of interphase periods decreases, which negatively affects the final yield per hectare. With an increase in the rate of sowing, field germination decreases from 100 to 53% when sown early and from 54 to 22% when sown after 2 weeks. There is an overspending of the seed material without an increase in yield.