Research on Interval Optimal Scheduling Strategy of Virtual Power Plants with Electric Vehicles

The operation process of a virtual power plant is affected by many uncertainties, and how to ensure its comprehensive operation quality is a pressing challenge. For the virtual power plant incorporating electric vehicles, the interval number is used to describe the stochastic fluctuation of system uncertainties, and the optimization objectives are to (1) improve the operating economy, environmental protection, and grid load smoothing, (2) build a multi-objective interval optimal dispatching model considering the constraints of power balance and equipment operating characteristics, (3) solve the Pareto solution set by adopting the improved NSGA-II algorithm incorporating extreme scenario analysis, and (4) determine the optimal dispatching solution by the hierarchical analysis method. The median values of the determined optimal target intervals are 6456.11 yuan, 9860.01 kg, and 2402.56 kW. The algorithm shows that the proposed optimal dispatching strategy can effectively improve the economy of the virtual power plant and ensure that environmental protection and grid load smoothing requirements are met.