Augmentation Mammoplasty Using Polyacrylamide Hydrogel Injection Can Mimic Breast Cancer After 20 Years: A Case Report

Polyacrylamide hydrogel (PAAG), an injectable, jelly-like, medical hydrogel, has been popular in some countries as a non-surgical method of mammoplasty since approximately 2000. Particularly in China, many patients underwent mammoplasty using PAAG during a 16-year period until 2006, and studies on its course and complications were also conducted. However, evidence regarding the relationship between PAAG mammoplasty and malignancy is lacking, and only a few cases have reported the possibility of this association. Herein, we present a case in which malignancy was suspected because of complications 20 years after PAAG injection mammoplasty.