The Ameliorative Effect of Thymoquinone on Vincristine-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy in Mice by Modulating Cellular Oxidative Stress and Cytokine

Thymoquinone (TQ), an active constituent of Nigella sativa, has been reported to exert a broad spectrum of pharmacological effects, including neuroprotective, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antiepileptic, antioxidant, and other modulatory roles in inflammation in experimental studies. The present study aims to evaluate the potential effects of TQ on vincristine-induced neuropathy in mice, as well as the possible role of oxidative stress, and pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine in neuropathy development. A Swiss strain of male albino mice were randomly divided into seven groups, comprising of five animals each. Vincristine sulfate (0.1 mg/kg, i.p.) was administered for 10 consecutive days for the induction of peripheral neuropathy. The animals received their respective treatment of TQ (2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg, p.o.) and pregabalin (10 mg/kg, p.o.) concurrently with vincristine for 10 days followed by 4 days post treatment. The animals were assessed for pain and related behavior on day 7 and 14 using hot and cold plates, and a rotarod test. TQ preventive treatment attenuated vincristine induced neuropathy in a dose dependent manner evidenced as a significant (p < 0.001) increase in reaction time on the hot plate and the cold plate, and a fall off time on the rotarod test. Further, TQ preventive treatment resulted in a significant (p < 0.001) reduction in the number of flinches and duration of paw elevation in a formalin test. Preventative treatment with TQ abolished the vincristine-induced rise in malondialdehyde and glutathione depletion in sciatic nerve tissue, as well as the blood IL-6 levels. In conclusion, TQ at 2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg dose produced significant attenuation of neuropathic pain induced by vincristine which may be due to its antinociceptive, antioxidant, and anti-proinflammatory activity.