Effect of CuO Nanoparticles on Performance and Emissions Behaviors of CI Engine Fueled with Biodiesel-Diesel Fuel Blends

- Recently the world has a very important need for replacement fossil fuel with renewable sources of energy. Greenhouse effect is considered one of bad effects of fossil fuels, which causes increase of global temperature. Biodiesel is one of fossil fuel alternatives, which can be produced from many organic sources. Scientists are searching for adding nano-materials to fueling system, which can modify fuel characteristic in compression champers. In this study diesel fuel will be replaced with blends of diesel and biodiesel produced from waste cooking oil (WCO) is created using a catalytic transesterification reaction (CTR). With the addition of a low concentration of alcohol over the period of an hour at a reaction temperature of 65 °C, (CTR) converts (WCO) to methyl esters. Blends consisting of (40 % diesel, 60 % biodiesel and CuO nano-martial with different concentration) will be prepared for fueling direct injection engine four-stroke. The engine will be run at 1400 rpm with natural aspiration under various loads. Using blends of (pure diesel, B40 [consist of 60 % biodiesel and 40 % diesel], 50b40 [consist of 60 % biodiesel, 40 % diesel and 50 mg CuO], 100B40 [consist of 60 % biodiesel, 40 % diesel and 100 mg CuO], 150 [consist of 60 % biodiesel, 40 % diesel and 150 mg CuO] and pure diesel). On engine performance and emissions, the impact of using copper oxide has been studied. The results of the experiment demonstrate that diesel engines can run on various mixtures of fuel, biodiesel, and CuO nano-material under the same operating conditions. The obtained data indicates that a 10% increase in brake thermal efficiency was noted, decrease in exhaust temperature with 11.6 % and decrease in brake specific fuel consumption with 6.66 %.