Physicochemically reformed tin oxide film fabricated for self-alignment of liquid crystals

This study compressed the conventional two-step process of brush coating and orientation for liquid crystal (LC) alignment layer manufacturing into a one-step process. Surface modification and LC alignment were performed by brush coating with a tin oxide solution prepared via the solgel process at different curing temperatures. The effect of the curing temperature on atomic bonds was analyzed through x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, the physical morphology of the film surface was characterized by scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy, and the LC alignment of the brush-coated tin oxide film was verified via polarized optical microscopy and pretilt angle measurements. The shear stress generated during the brush coating process formed a partial groove structure; the resulting anisotropy aligned the LC molecules homogeneously. The brush-coated film showed excellent LC orientation properties, confirming the potential of the proposed and efficient fabrication process as a new orientation technology.