ANALYSIS OF FIRES IN FIRE DIVISIONS

Рассмотрены методические и аналитические аспекты влияния на уровень пожарно-тактической подготовки должностных лиц пожарно-спасательных гарнизонов, органов управления подразделений пожарной охраны процедур изучения и разбора (в рамках школ оперативного мастерства) крупных, резонансных пожаров, а также пожаров с массовым травматизмом и гибелью людей (включая сотрудников подразделений пожарной охраны) на территории Российской Федерации. Актуальность проведенного исследования обусловлена необходимостью повышения уровня профессиональной подготовки оперативного личного состава пожарно-спасательных гарнизонов. Результаты, полученные в ходе исследования, могут быть использованы при обосновании единого системного подхода к проведению занятий по исследованию пожаров, а также для корректировки общепринятой методологии проведения самих занятий.
 The resulting fires cause enormous material damage and most of all human casualties. Fire-fighting is an integral part of the national security of any state. The current dynamics of fire development when burning modern combustible materials is ten times higher than the dynamics of fire development occurring 20-30 years ago. The reduction of the parameters for fire development is achieved by various elements of fire fighting, including the professional knowledge and skills of the management of fire departments to manage forces and means at fire. In order to improve the level of professional training fire departments conduct fire investigation classes. As part of the fire research there is carried out the analysis of fire. All major fires that have occurred are subject to fire review and fire descriptions are prepared. In this article there is carried out the work on investigation of the dependence of the work on the review of fires to the level of professional knowledge of the management of the fire service. The study period was 2021, compared to 2020. During the 12 months of 2021, there were 388,400 fires on the territory of the Russian Federation, including 623 large ones, which correspondingly accounts for 0.2 % of the total number of fires that occurred. From the documents analyzed, it was found that a total of 5,747 fires (including large fires) were dismantled during this period, which accounted for 1.4 % of the total number of fires that occurred. The fire was subject to review with the participation of different types of fire protection (1,782 fire - 31 % of all disassembled fires) and fires of practical interest to fire guards (3,601 fire - 63 % of all disassembled fires), the rest were (364 fires - 6 % of all disassembled fires) disassembled for other reasons. Typically, for every major fire (623 fires) a fire is described, but within 2021 there were developed 765 descriptions, accounting for 123 % of all major fires. The work carried out as part of the study of the impact of work on the review of fires on professional skills, showed the relevance of this work, as well as the need to develop methodological support for the conduct of these classes. It was also found that fire analysis classes are progressing and depend on the total number of fires that occurred, the total number of major fires that occurred, as well as having a direct impact on the level of training of fire brigade management, which is reflected in the improvement of fire fighting planning, as well as the effective management of forces and means of fire protection units at the scene of the call.