Association Between the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic and National Disparities in Postpartum Visit Attendance

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic decreased national postpartum visit attendance and exacerbated disparities in attendance by race, ethnicity, age, and insurance coverage. This study used data from PRAMS (Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System) between 2016 and 2020 and found that postpartum visit attendance declined by 5.8 (95% CI −6.4 to −5.2) percentage points in the first 9 months of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The greatest declines occurred among non-Hispanic Black individuals (−9.9, 95% CI −11.6 to −8.1 percentage points), individuals aged 19 years or younger (−9.9, 95% CI −13.5 to −6.2 percentage points), and individuals without postpartum insurance (−11.4, 95% CI −14.5 to −8.3 percentage points). Although the pandemic was associated with a decrease in reporting common barriers to attendance, including lack of transportation and not being able to leave work, it introduced new barriers that potentially contributed to widened disparities in postpartum care. A combination of health policy and health system approaches are needed to increase postpartum visit attendance and reduce disparities in use.