CAVITATION EROSION RESISTANCE OF HIGH-ALLOYED
Fe-BASED WELD HARDFACINGS DEPOSITED VIA SMAW
METHOD

In order to investigate the cavitation erosion (CE) resistance of high-alloyed ferrous hardfacings, the three
different deposits were pad welded by the shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) method. Consumable
electrodes differed in the content of carbide-forming elements, and pad welds were deposited onto the S235JR
structural. The CE tests, conducted according to ASTM G32 standard, indicated that hardfacings reveal
lower mass loss than the reference stainless steel AISI 304 (X5CrNi18-10). The hardfacings show increasing
resistance to CE in the following order: Cr-C < Cr-C-Mo < Cr-C-Mo-V-W. The reference steel revealed more
than twenty times higher material loss in the CE test than Cr-C-Mo-V-W hardfacing, which had outstanding
hardness (825HV0.3). The profilometric measurements and scanning electron microscopy investigations
showed large changes in valley and peak sizes of the roughness profiles for materials which displayed high
erosion rates. The erosion mechanism of the coatings can be classified as brittle-ductile and relies on cracking,
chunk removal of material, pits and craters formation, and deformation of fractured material tips and edges.
Hardfacing materials failed primarily due to brittle fractures with different severities. Specimen surface
degradation follows the changes in Ra, Rz, Rv, and Rp roughness parameters and well-corresponds to the
proposed roughness rate (RR) parameter.

