Cognitive outcome measures used for assessing urban and rural disparities in dementia and cognition: A scoping review

Evidence of disparities in dementia and cognition by gender, race/ethnicity, and income‐level of countries has long been available. A growing body of literature examining urban/rural disparities has been recently accumulating. Most of the studies comparing within‐country regions indicate that rural older adults have a greater cognitive disadvantage and higher risk for dementia than their urban counterparts. These findings are not consistent across all studies. The purpose of this study was to examine the literature on rural/urban disparities in dementia and cognitive aging.