SARCOPENIC OBESITY IN COMORBID PATIENTS

Sarcopenia is a multifactorial syndrome with an insufficiently studied pathogenesis, manifested by a generalized loss of muscle mass and skeletal muscle strength. Despite the fact that sarcopenia is a risk factor for mortality and disability, especially in the elderly, pathology is rarely diagnosed. The lack of uniform criteria for diagnosis and the comorbidity of elderly people creates difficulties in the differential diagnosis of this condition. 
Sarcopenia is most often combined with endocrine pathologies, such as obesity and diabetes mellitus. An accelerated decrease in muscle mass leads to a decrease in insulin sensitivity, resulting in insulin resistance, which, in turn, leads to excessive accumulation of adipose tissue sarcopenic obesity. The results of studies indicate a higher risk of developing metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus and atherosclerosis among people with sarcopenic obesity, as opposed to people with simple obesity or sarcopenia. 
A vicious circle consisting of age-related changes in skeletal muscles, obesity and impaired glucose regulation leads to a more severe course of diseases and a negative impact on people's life expectancy. Due to the fact that at the moment there are no clear criteria for the diagnosis of sarcopenic obesity, there is no unambiguous data on its prevalence. A search for modern methods of research, prevention and treatment of this condition is required.