Doping occupancy and defect structure evolution process of Zn (1, 3, 5, 7 mol.%): Dy: LiNbO3 crystals

Zn (1, 3, 5, 7 mol.%): Dy: LiNbO3 crystals were prepared by the traditional vertical pull-up method. The effective segregation coefficients of Zn[Formula: see text] and Dy[Formula: see text] were found to decrease with increasing Zn[Formula: see text] concentration using ICP-AES analysis test. The lattice size was found to increase first and then decrease using XRD analysis test. The absorption spectrum was found blue shifted and produced two peaks using IR. Research shows that when the Zn content reaches or exceeds the threshold value, [Formula: see text] is replaced completely, and Zn occupies the Li and Nb positions of lithium niobate, thus introducing the non-intrinsic defect [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. Both defects are able to form [Formula: see text] charge self-compensating defect groups and inhibit the charge transport process and thus will greatly increase the photodamage resistance.