A Secure Storage and Deletion Verification Scheme of Microgrid Data Based on Integrating Blockchain into Edge Computing

A microgrid generates a large amount of power data during daily operation, which needs to be safely transferred, stored, and deleted. In this paper, we propose a secure storage and deletion verification scheme that combines blockchain and edge computing for the problems of limited storage capacity of blockchain and unverifiable data deletion. Firstly, edge computing is used to preprocess power data to reduce the amount of data and to improve the quality of data. Secondly, a hybrid encryption method that combines the improved ElGamal algorithm and the AES-256 algorithm is used to encrypt outsourcing data, and a secure storage chain is built based on the K-Raft consensus protocol to ensure the security of data in the transmission process. Finally, after initiating a data deletion request and successfully deleting the data, a deletion proof is generated and stored in the chain built, based on the Streamlet consensus protocol. The experimental results illustrate that the basic computing cost, block generation time, and communication delay of this scheme are the most efficient; the efficiency of the improved ElGamal algorithm is three times that of the traditional algorithm; the transaction throughput of the the double-layer blockchain can reach 13,000 tps at most. This scheme can realize the safe storage of microgrid data, and can also realize the efficient deletion and verification of outsourcing data.