Capacity enhancement in fiber optic communication systems using space division multiplexing

Abstract Data rates in fiber optic communication (FOC) technology are highly increased and optical communication technology has been mostly advancing highly. There are different multiplexing techniques like frequency-division multiplexing (FDM), time-division multiplexing (TDM), wavelength division multiplexing (WDM), dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM), code division multiplexing (CDM), and digital coherent technology by using single mode fiber (SMF)/single core fiber (SCF), and using these multiplexing did not produce over 100 Tbps/fiber because of many factors like linearity and nonlinearities of fiber optic. To transmit a high capacity over 100 Tbps/fiber and long-haul transmission, the multiplexing techniques that are needed to break this bottleneck/capacity limit are termed space-division multiplexing, which uses single mode fiber (SMF) and multicore fiber (MCF). The target of this paper is to enhance the capacity of FOC systems using space-division multiplexing (SDM). The result produced during this paperwork is that the capacity enhanced is around 14.75 pb/s/fiber, after it is decreasing and thus the haul of transmission is 250 km with usable wavelength C + L band. The signal/noise ratio is 35 dB in FOC using single mode fiber (SMF) and multicore fiber (MCF). Finally, the SDM includes a great role in fiber optic just in case of effective information transmission by enhancing capacity, reduction of loss, distortion, cross talk, and power consumption reduction during information transmission; SDM in fiber optic is incredibly essential for effective communication systems with extremely high capacity and long haul transmission.