Utilization of Fungal Bioprocess for Biodiesel Production as a Green Energy Source

The trend toward new research studies focused on searching for sustainable sources of clean energy has increased to ensure the sustainability of energy worldwide due to reasons such as the scarcity of fossil-based fuels and the environmental impact of conventional sources. Biofuel is a good candidate to become a world leader in the development and deployment of renewable energy sources among other green energy sources. Biodiesel is an alternative fuel produced from renewable biological resources and can be produced using microbial resources such as algae, bacteria, and fungi. Biodiesel produced from microbial lipids is an important and effective green energy source. Fungi exhibit a high capacity for biodiesel production by accumulating more than 70 percent of intracellular lipids in their biomass during metabolic stress periods. This study aims to examine the studies focused on the use of fungal lipids as a source of biodiesel in recent years. In addition, the conditions in which the highest biodiesel production efficiency was obtained, including preliminary information that will guide further studies on large-scale production of biodiesel from fungi were reviewed.