Multigranularity Building Energy Consumption Prediction Method Based on Convolutional Recurrent Neural Network

For the building energy consumption models with complex scale sensitivity, it is difficult to achieve ideal prediction effect with single-granularity prediction model. Therefore, this paper proposed a multigranularity MgHa-LSTM model based on convolutional recurrent neural network, including a multigranularity feature extraction module and a long-term dependency capture module. Multigranularity feature extraction included granularity segmentation, feedback mechanism, and parallel convolutional modules, which can capture short-term scale sensitivity dependencies. Long-term dependency capture consists of a hybrid attention mechanism and long-short term memory layers, which are able to capture long-term dependencies. For building energy consumption patterns with different scale sensitivity, MgHa-LSTM, MLP, CNN, LSTM, and MsC-LSTM models were constructed on the IHEPC building energy consumption dataset used in this paper for comparative experiments. The experimental results showed that on the IHEPC dataset, the MSE of the building energy consumption prediction model is 0.2821 based on the MgHa-LSTM model proposed in this paper, which is equivalent to 93.72% of the MsC-LSTM model with the smallest MSE among other deep learning prediction models. Compared with other deep learning prediction models, the prediction results of the MgHa-LSTM building energy consumption prediction model are more accurate.