Osteoarthritis of hand joints: prevalence, risk factors, phenotypes, diagnosis, treatment

Osteoarthritis is the most common rheumatic disease, accompanied by constant pain and dysfunction of the joints, the progression of which leads to a deterioration in the quality of life and often to disability of patients. The article presents the prevalence, predictors of development and progression of osteoarthritis of the hand joints (OHJ). Clinical classification of OHJ, clinical picture depending on the localization of the process, topical features of involvement of the hand joints in different types of OHJ are given. Clinical, laboratory and instrumental methods for diagnosing of the disease, classification and diagnostic criteria are described, much attention is paid to modern principles of OHJ therapy in accordance with Russian clinical guidelines, as well as EULAR and ACR recommendations.