Fundamentals of the constitutional system and state security as objects of criminal law protection in countering extremism

The protection of the constitutional order and the security of the state is an axiom. Russia, regardless of the form of political and economic structure, at all stages of its development was puzzled by the development of effective measures to counter extremism. At present, the noted course is enshrined in the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the federal law “On Counteracting Extremist Activities”, and the National Security Strategy of the Russian Federation. The most symmetrical state-political reaction to the threats emanating from extremism is presented in the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. A retrospective study of the monuments of criminal law proves that the signs of the phenomenon under study are found in almost all sources of criminal law. Counteraction to extremist activity has always been built on the implementation of special repressive-imperious methods in the field of protection of the studied group of social relations, including personal-restrictive and economic types of punishment. The modern concept of the criminal law fight against extremism, taking into account the essence and content of the foundations of the constitutional order and state security, indicates that the direct objects of crimes, with signs of extremist activity, concentrated in Chapter 29 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, have a very complex essential structure, an integral element of which are human and civil rights and freedoms, integrity of the Russian Federation, public safety.