Stratigraphic expression of the human impacts in condensed deposits of the Northern Adriatic Sea


 
 Evaluating the history of human impacts on marine ecosystems based on sediment cores is challenging on shelves characterised by very slow sedimentation. To assess the stratigraphic expression of such impacts in the condensed deposits of an epicontinental sea, we analysed a 3-m-long core collected at 31 m water depth off the Po prodelta in the Northern Adriatic Sea by integrating geochronological (
 14
 C and
 210
 Pb), sedimentological, geochemical and palaeontological proxies. A depositional history of the last 10,000 years is expressed in four different facies: (1) alluvial floodplain, (2) transitional, shell-poor silts, (3) a condensed 30 cm-thick shell lag, and (4) a 10 cm-thick layer of distal prodelta silts comprising the last ∼500 years. 10,000-year-old shells of
 Lentidium mediterraneum
 spread over the shell lag and prodelta sediments document onshore transport during the early Holocene sea-level rise.
 Varicorbula gibba
 shells are age-homogeneous within the subsurface shell lag, documenting decimetre-scale mixing by bioturbation in the past. However, in spite of low sedimentation rates, the organic and heavy metal enrichment, the increase in proportional abundance of benthic foraminifers preferring organic-rich sediments (
 Nonionella
 sp.), and the increase in size of molluscs (
 V. gibba
 ) in the upper 10 cm formed by prodelta silts still detect the eutrophication in this region during the 20
 th
 century. These eutrophication proxies are preserved in the stratigraphic record owing to temporarily-increasing sedimentation rate and decreasing the mixing depth.
 
 
 Supplementary material at
 https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.6342805
