Basic Introduction to Detectors of the Large Hadron Collider

Particle physics is intended to explore the microscopic world, to be more specific, to understand the physical laws of particles. So far, the Standard Model (SM) is the best theory we have to explain particle properties and their behaviors. Such great success attributes to the data acquired from experiments in particle physics. These experiments not only provide evidence about the correctness of the SM but also reveal the limitations and what may be beyond the SM. Since microscopic phenomena cannot be observed by human eyes, it is necessary to use special instruments to do these experiments, and one of them is the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). This review shall introduce the basic information of the LHC and focus on the basic structure and principles of the detectors used in two experiment projects of the LHC.