Treatment of pediatric cerebral radiation necrosis using hyperbaric oxygenation

Introduction: Cerebral radiation necrosis is a rarely encountered in pediatric patients. This case report describes a child with cerebral radiation necrosis who was successfully treated using a corticosteroids, bevacizumab, and hyperbaric oxygenation. Case Report: A 3-year-old boy developed progressive extremity weakness six months after completion of radiation therapy for treatment of a neuroepithelial malignancy. Treatment with corticosteroids and bevacizumab was initiated, but his symptoms did not improve, and he was then referred for hyperbaric oxygen therapy. After completion of 60 hyperbaric treatments, he experienced significant improvements in mobility which remained stable over the next year. Discussion: Cerebral radiation necrosis typically presents in children with symptoms of ataxia or headache. Corticosteroids and bevacizumab are common treatments, but hyperbaric oxygen therapy has also been studied as a therapeutic modality for this condition. When considering the use of hyperbaric oxygenation in pediatric patients, careful attention to treatment planning and patient safety can reduce the risks of adverse events such as middle ear barotrauma and confinement anxiety. Conclusion: Hyperbaric oxygenation, in addition to other available pharmacologic therapies, should be considered for the treatment of pediatric patients with cerebral radiation necrosis.