ANALYSIS OF THE METHODS OF STABILITY CALCULATING OF LANDSLIDE SLOPES

Purpose. Analysis of the methods of stability calculating of landslide slopes and their further development in European normative documents. Methodology. Variants of methods for calculating the stability of slopes by different authors are considered. Various definitions of the functional were adopted in variational methods, and then the minimum was found. In M. M. Gersevanov’s method, the functional was the sum of horizontal forces that acted on an array of hypothetical soil. In the method of Y. I. Solovyov, the functional is the ratio of the work of the forces that maintain the slope to the work of the forces that shift to the movement. In Kopashi’s method, it is the sum of vertical loads that act on the sliding surface in a loose medium. In the abbreviated Terzaghi’s method, the minimum ratio of the moment of the holding forces to the moment of the forces that shift the slope is sought. Findings. Domestic and foreign scientists have successfully studied the strength and stability of slopes. This is a complex task determined by the need to simultaneously take into account two main factors: relief and gravitational force. The basis for determining the stability of slopes is the idea that the stressed state of rocks in the upper part of the earth’s crust is formed by universally acting gravitational and tectonic forces. The relief of the earth’s surface makes a significant contribution to the redistribution of stresses. Originality. Eurocode 7 recommends the possibility of performing a preliminary calculation of the natural slope using characteristic values, which gives an approximate idea of ​​the value of the overall reliability factor before the start of design. Practical value. Areas located directly on slopes are often used as construction sites. The bases for the foundations of buildings and structures are soil massifs that are in difficult engineering and geological conditions. Landslides are a geological process that occurs on any part of a slope or slope as a result of a disturbance in the balance of rocks when the steepness of the slope increases as a result of water washing, the weakening of the strength of rocks due to weathering or rewetting by precipitation and groundwater, the effect of seismic shocks, construction and economic activities of people. Determining the stability factor is a necessary condition for concluding that the slopes can be used for construction.