Comparison of Sternum Approximation Stability Using Stainless Steel Wire with Polydioxanone (PDS)

Background: The median sternal incision is an incision that is commonly done in heart surgery and vascular surgery. The existing techniques need elaboration and innovation to produce a method with an optimal level of healing effectiveness accompanied by a minimal risk of side effects. This study aims to determine the difference between sternal approximation using stainless steel wire compared to polydioxanone (PDS) based on biomechanical analysis. 
Methods: This was an in vitro experimental study using the sternum of a goat. A total of 24 sternums were divided into 6 treatment groups. Data analysis was performed with SPSS version 20. Univariate and bivariate analyzes were performed to compare the sternal approximation between stainless steel wire and PDS. 
Results: The use of PDS showed a higher average increase in transverse and longitudinal approximations compared to the use of stainless steel wire and was statistically different, p<0.05. PDS does not differ from stainless steel wire in lateral approximation. 
Conclusion: Stainless steel wire is more optimal in maintaining sternal stability than PDS based on biomechanical tests.