Tandem CAR T cells targeting EGFRvIII and IL-13R⍺2 are effective against heterogeneous glioblastoma


 
 
 Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells have achieved remarkable responses in patients with hematological malignancies; however, the potential of this therapeutic platform for solid tumors like glioblastoma (GBM) has been limited, due in large part to the targeting of single antigens in a heterogenous disease. Strategies that allow CAR T cells to engage multiple antigens concomitantly may broaden therapeutic responses and mitigate the effects of immune escape.
 
 
 
 Here we have developed a novel, dual-specific, tandem CAR T (TanCART) cell with the ability to simultaneously target both EGFRvIII and IL-13Rα2, two well-characterized tumor antigens that are frequently found on the surface of GBM cells but completely absent from normal brain tissues. We employed both standard immunological assays and multiple orthotopic preclinical models including patient-derived xenograft to demonstrate efficacy of this approach against heterogenous tumors.
 
 
 
 Tandem CAR T cells displayed enhanced cytotoxicity in vitro against heterogeneous GBM populations, including patient-derived brain tumor cultures (P < 0.05). Compared to CAR T cells targeting single antigens, dual antigen engagement through the tandem construct was necessary to achieve long-term, complete and durable responses in orthotopic murine models of heterogeneous GBM, including patient-derived xenografts (P < 0.05).
 
 
 
 We demonstrate that TanCART is effective against heterogenous tumors in the brain. These data lend further credence to the development of multi-specific CAR T cells in the treatment of GBM and other cancers.
