Framework for Understanding the Impact of Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare Industry

This paper studies how artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) have an impact on healthcare service delivery, specifically on patient care. The study investigates the key factors that impact in different areas of health service and develops a framework to understand the impact of each of the factors on AI adoption. A detailed literature review on AI in healthcare is performed first by looking into the journals and articles published in last two years. A conceptual framework is then developed based on the findings and the gaps identified in the literature. Five independent variables are identified: data governance, workforce competency, patient voice, predictive medicine, security and privacy. Five sub variables under each of the dependent variables are further identified and a conceptual framework is developed to measure patient experience. This work provides a novel framework integrating different factors while discussing several barriers and benefits of AI-ML based health. The paper then looks into how the factors have an impact on AI adoption in Indian Healthcare scenario. Further quantitative study can be done to establish the relationship between the factors and establish the validity of the model.