Is Islam Theodicy Or Anti-Theodicy?

The article shows that Islam is far from the extremes of theodicy and anti-theodicy, which equally take God away from responsibility for the existence of evil and suffering. Following Judaism, proclaiming God the primary source of both good and evil, it refuses theodicy, transferring all responsibility for evil to man, since the idea of divine omnipotence is incomplete. The Islamic worldview is not satisfied with all kinds of privatization theories that justify the all-goodness of God by the fundamental absence of evil for a variety of reasons, including the lack of good. Islam is also not a variant of anti-theodicy, which claims that monotheism is unable to explain the presence of evil. Therefore, it is necessary to abandon either the symbolism of divine omnipotence, which means a departure from monotheism, or the presence of evil and suffering, which is also absurd. This position makes it possible to preserve the foundations of Islamic tawhid and endow a human with responsibility for his intentions and actions. The roots of the confessional, theological and philosophical approaches to understanding the problem of evil lie in the misunderstanding of the nuances of distinguishing between the concepts “original cause” and “cause”, “source” and “original source”, which are meaningless in science, but extremely important for religion and theology. The article emphasizes the complex dialectic of the divine and the human in the understanding of evil that exists in Islam, which distinguishes it from classical theodicy and anti-theodicy, common in modern analytical theology