Relation of Mid-High-Latitude Eurasian ISO to Ural Blocking Frequency and Their Co-Effect on Extreme Hot Events during Boreal Summer

Based on NCEP reanalysis daily data during 1979–2018, the spatiotemporal evolution of the 10–30-day atmospheric intraseasonal oscillations (ISO) at mid-high-latitude Eurasia and its effect on the Ural blocking frequency are investigated. The co-effect of the blocking and ISO on extreme hot event frequency is also investigated. The ISO exhibits two modes of eastward and westward propagation. During the eastward (westward) propagating mode, the northwest–southeast tilted quadrupole (east–west dipole) quasi-barotropic geopotential height anomaly coupled with the air temperature anomaly at the troposphere propagates southeastward (westward). The phase composite shows that, during both modes, the mid-high-latitude low-frequency Rossby wave trains significantly affect the frequency of the European blocking during the propagating journey. The most frequent European blocking appears in phase 2 during both the eastward- and westward- propagating mode. Compared with the situation without the Ural blocking, the blocking activity results in the positive geopotential height anomalies throughout Europe and north of 60° N in the Ural Mountains and the negative geopotential height anomalies in the south of 60° N in the Ural Mountains and north of the Japan Sea. The occurrence of Ural blocking is conducive to the occurrence of extreme high-temperature events in Europe and the high latitudes of the Ural Mountains, and a reduced frequency of extreme high-temperature events in the mid-latitudes of the Ural Mountains and north of the Japan Sea. Therefore, the Ural blocking activities significantly regulate the effect of the two propagating ISO modes on the extreme hot events over the middle and high latitudes of Eurasia.