Histological and Histochemical Study of Pyloric Region in Abomasum of Adult Local Buffalos (Bubalus Bubalis)

The current study was conducted to demonstrate the histological feature of the pyloric region of the abomasum in local buffalos and to focus on the distribution of different types of carbohydrates in the pylorus wall, where digestion has a great impact on animal production and economical outcome. Six samples of abomasum were collected from adult healthy local buffalos from the Mosul abattoir. then the pylorus region samples were sectioned from the pylorus, histologically processed, and stained with hematoxylin & eosin stain, Masson’s trichrome, periodic acid Schiff and alcian blue. The histological findings of the pyloric region revealed that the mucosal wall of pylorus has depressions called gastric pits, these pits occupied the most of lamina propria receiving the mucus secretion of pyloric glands, which appeared short, tortuous, tubular in the anterior part of the pylorus, and became longer, straight in the middle part of the pylorus. The submucosa is characterized by the presence of lymphatic nodules. The histochemical findings revealed the presence of neutral and acidic (mixed) glycoprotein in the pyloric region, where acidic glycoprotein was found in terminal pyloric glands, while neutral glycoprotein was present mainly in gastric pits. The mid gland of the anterior part is distinguished by neutral glycoprotein, whereas the acidic glycoprotein was evident in the mid gland of the middle part of the pylorus. The surface epithelium is characterized by the presence of both neutral and acidic types of glycoprotein. Furthermore, glycogen is present in both gastric pits in the caudal part and terminal pyloric glands of the anterior part. Glycosaminoglycans were predominant at the terminal part of pyloric glands and present in little amounts in the middle part and absent in gastric pits. In conclusion presence of acidic glycoprotein in pyloric glands confirm the presence of mucus neck cells due to their acidic secretion, while the presence of neutral glycoprotein mainly in gastric pits indicates the formation of the mucosal gastric barrier.