Modeling and Simulation of a Novel Low-Speed High-Torque Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor with Asymmetric Stator Slots

Focusing on the unstable electromagnetic performance of an air gap magnetic field caused by torque ripple and harmonic interference of a multi-slot and multi-pole low-speed high-torque permanent magnet synchronous motor (LHPMSM), an asymmetric stator slot is proposed to improve the comprehensive electromagnetic performance of the motor. Moreover, this paper develops an exact analytical model which predicts the magnetic field distribution based on Laplace’s and Poisson’s equations. The stator slot asymmetry is introduced into the model and solved by the method of separating variables. Taking a 40p168s LHPMSM as an example, numerical results of the no-load flux density field distributions are obtained by the finite element method (FEM) and employed to validate the analytical model. The influence of stator slot asymmetric structure on electromagnetic characteristics is subsequently analyzed. The results show that, compared with the semi-closed slot model, the asymmetric slot has better torque characteristics, and the electromagnetic characteristics of the motor can be significantly improved by optimizing the stator slot asymmetry. Finally, a prototype is manufactured and tested to validate the theoretical analysis.