Prostate-specific antigen density as a predictor of recurrence-free survival following combined hormonal-radiation therapy of localized prostate cancer

Background. Prostate cancer is amongst one of the most prevalent cancers in men worldwide. Combined hormonal-radiation therapy has become a standard of care for localized prostate cancer definitive treatment. As many as 30 % of men are at risk for disease progression within 10 years following radical treatment.Aim. To assess the significance of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) density as a predictor of recurrence-free survival following combined hormonal-radiation therapy in patients with localized prostate cancer.Materials and methods. We conducted a retrospective study of 272 patients with clinically localized prostate cancer treatment results who received combined hormonal-radiation therapy between January 1996 and December 2016.Results. On the basis of our study, we confirmed high prognostic value of PSA density among patients with localized prostate cancer who received combined hormonal-radiation treatment. We utilized ROC-analysis in order to determine the threshold value of the PSA density index – 0.376 ng/ml/cm3, exceeding of which was associated with statistically significant reduction in the recurrence-free survival rate. The area under the curve was 0.711 (95 % confidence interval 0.653–0.764; p <0.0001). The risk of recurrence increased with rising of PSA density.Conclusion. PSA density has proven to be a reliable tool for assessing the risk of prostate cancer recurrence among patients with localized prostate cancer who have undergone combined hormonal-radiation therapy.