Application of different porous materials for hydrogen storage

Energy is regarded as a key resource that may encourage numerous companies to expand and flourish given the rapid advancement of technology. However, due to the contamination of the usage of traditional fossil fuels, deploying new and clean energy resources is the concentrated solution. New energy sources such as wind energy and solar energy are constantly being developed. In addition, three methods exist for storing hydrogen that is a typical clean energy source, including compressed gas storage, cryogenic liquid gas storage, and hydrogen storage materials via adsorption and desorption. As a result, hydrogen storage is receiving more and more attention, and different hydrogen storage materials have been developed. This research will introduce the application of four different types of porous materials in the field of hydrogen storage, including zeolites, activated carbons (AC), carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). Hydrogen can be successfully adsorbed on these materials to varying degrees through chemisorption and physisorption. For improving the hydrogen storage capability (HSC), synthetic strategies such as doping metal elements and synthesizing composite porous materials were designed and used to enhance the hydrogen storage properties of the materials. In the future, satisfying the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) target would stimulate more and more great-performing porous materials to be synthesized, which can provide a new idea for new hydrogen storage technologies.