In vitro study of the antimitotic power and in vivo acute toxicity of aqueous and organic extracts of the aerial part of Haloxylon scoparium Pomel. and evaluation of the correlation between the chemical profile and their biological activities

The present study was conducted on the extracts from the aerial part of Haloxylon scoparium Pomel. The current research has focused on the evaluation of the antimitotic activity with the Lepidium sativum phytotest on aqueous (decocted, infused, macerated) and organic extracts (methanolic extract, methanolic macerated, ethyl acetate extract, chloroform extract and petroleum ether extract) extracts of the aerial portion of Haloxylon scoparium. In order to visualise the correlation between the content of chemical compounds in the aqueous and organic extracts with the results of the Lepidium sativum phytotest, we have used the principal component analysis (PCA). Then, we were interested in studying the acute in vivo toxicity of the methanolic extract and the decocted of Haloxylon scoparium. Antimitotic activity has shown that the methanolic extract exhibited high inhibition of Lepidium sativum germination (IC50=128.16±3.89 µg/mL) than colchicine (IC50=474.66±1.86 µg/mL). The decocted also showed high inhibition compared to the other aqueous extracts (IC50=1359.00±106.69 µg/mL). The correlation study showed that there is a strong correlation between Lepidium sativum phytotest and total polyphenol (r=0.9453) and flavonoid (r=0.9884) composition. In addition, the MLD50 of the methanolic extract and the decocted was estimated at 2000 mg/kg. The present study shows that Haloxylon scoparium could be a potential antimitotic of low toxicity.