Effect of method and concentration of titanium dioxide addition on anti-biofilm ability in extraoral maxillofacial prosthetic fungus

Background: One of the efforts to prevent adhesion and biofilm colonization on the material surface is to improve its properties by using Titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanoparticles. TiO₂ nanoparticles have antimicrobial properties, especially against the fungus Candida albicans as it has photocatalytic properties that can inhibit the growth of the fungal colonies. The present study aimed to determine the effect of applying TiO₂ to polyurethane plates on the growth of Candida albicans fungal biofilms.Methods: This study applied a laboratory experimental design. The subjects were divided into two groups which included the treatment and control groups. In the treatment group, there were two treatments consisting of the addition of TiO₂ filler (1%, 2%, 3%, and 4%) and the material surface coating group with TiO₂  (1%, 2%, 3%, and 4%). Candida albicans was cultured and grown to form biofilms on polyurethane plates in each group.Results: The results of the statistical analysis obtained through Welch's One Way Anova showed that there was a significant difference in the number of Candida albicans colonies between the treatment and control groups (P<0.05). Treatment with 4% TiO₂ surface coating showed the lowest number of Candida albicans colonies.Conclusions: Coating the surface of the material with TiO₂ on a polyurethane plate was able to inhibit the formation of Candida albicans biofilms.