Applications of atomic force microscope in disease detection

Atomic force microscope (AFM) provides a number of significant benefits, including ultrahigh imaging resolution, a compact and non-destructive sample preparation technique, and the ability to detect materials in real time, among others. In biological and medical disciplines, AFM has been used to evaluate a variety of physical and chemical parameters, such as cell stiffness, average roughness of cell surfaces, and surface composition. The data are used to assess whether or not people have a certain disease, particularly cancer. Xu studied cellular migratory and invasiveness potential using cell surface stiffness as a biomarker. Guo used average cell surface roughness to reconstruct the dynamic changes in endothelial cell membrane structure that occur during diabetes. Under the AFM basic mode and the AM-FM visco-elastic mapping mode, González-Dominguez discovered the HIV protein capsid inside the lipid membrane. These polls present a rosy picture of medical treatment, particularly in terms of illness diagnosis.