Incidental Diagnosis and Treatment of Renal Cell Carcinoma in a Kidney Pre-Transplant Recipient

Introduction:Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for 80–90% of all kidney cancers with peak age incidence between 60–70 years. The three commonest symptoms are haematuria, flank pain and flank mass. The best treatment option for chronic kidney disease is renal transplantation. Chronic kidney disease is one of the risk factors for RCC. Most cases are diagnosed after renal transplantation; diagnosis during work up for renal transplantation in an asymptomatic patient is rare, especially in environment where patients hardly receive cure for kidney cancer because most cases are diagnosed late, at the advanced stage of the disease. Case Presentation: A 62-year-old male on management for chronic kidney disease who was diagnosed with right renal tumour during work up for renal transplantation. He had right radical nephrectomy with histology report revealing localized RCC (clear cell variant). He is currently on observation for 2 years before transplantation. Conclusion: Diagnosis of RCC in an asymptomatic patient during work up for renal transplantation is rare. The prognosis of this disease is improved significantly if diagnosed and treated before renal transplantation.