Wireless Sensor Network Security Analysis for Data and Aggregation

Data security is critical in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) because communication signals are highly available due to data transmission in free space. Attacks ranging from passive eavesdropping to active snooping are more common on these networks. This paper proposes secure data transfer using data encryption based on the improved Rivest–Shamir–Adleman (RSA) with Diffie–Hellman (DH) key exchange algorithm (IRSA-DH). For this purpose, the adaptive distance-based agglomerative hierarchical (ADAH)-based clustering method is used. Then the cluster head (CH) is selected using the improved weight-based rain optimization (IWRO) to improve the network’s lifespan. This study aims to design a secure group communication method for WSNs. In order to generate and distribute the key to the group, the RSA and DH and key exchange algorithm had been hybridized with the Key Management Center (KMC). For safe communication between users, the key exchange technique is investigated. The performance measures such as throughput, packet loss ratio (PLR), packet delivery ratio (PDR), latency, energy consumption, end-to-end delay (EED) and network lifetime are analyzed and compared with the existing approaches.