Effectiveness of Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Among Maltreated Children: A Meta-Analysis

Objectives: To assess the effects of trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy (TF-CBT) among maltreated children, and to examine the role of potential moderators. Methods: A search of eight databases was conducted. Eighteen studies involving 11 randomized and quasi-randomized controlled trials with 965 maltreated children were included, and the effect sizes were pooled using random-effect models. Results: There were large effect sizes for posttraumatic growth and emotional management. Moderate to large effects were evident for PTSD and depression, while small effects were found for anxiety, internalizing behavior, sexualized behavior, and parenting practice. Effects were maintained at 3–12 months for some outcome domains. The effectiveness of TF-CBT was better when delivered to older children, and versions of TF-CBT, delivery format, sessions, and treatment length will not affect effectiveness. Conclusions: TF-CBT effectively reduces abuse-related symptoms and improves positive psychosocial outcomes among maltreated children.