Predictability of the community-function landscape in wine yeast ecosystems

Predictively linking taxonomic composition and quantitative ecosystem functions is a major aspiration in microbial ecology, which must be resolved if we wish to engineer microbial consortia. Here, we have addressed this open question for an ecological function of major biotechnological relevance: alcoholic fermentation in wine yeast communities. By exhaustively phenotyping an extensive collection of naturally occurring wine yeast strains, we find that most enologically-relevant traits exhibit a strong phylogenetic signal, indicating that the most relevant functions in wine yeast communities can be predicted from taxonomy. Further, we demonstrate that the quantitative contributions of individual wine yeast strains to the community function followed simple quantitative rules. These regularities can be integrated to quantitatively predict the function of newly assembled consortia. Besides addressing a fundamental open question in functional ecology, our results and methodologies provide a blueprint for rationally managing microbial processes of biotechnological relevance.