Analysis on the seismic wave caused by low frequency sound source in shallow sea based on multi-transmitting formula artificial boundary

The elastic waves propagating in seabed caused by sailing ships are called ship seismic waves, which can be used to identify ship targets. The wave components and the influences of source frequency, source depth and depth of seawater to the seismic waves are important to the application of seismic wave to detect ship targets. Thus, a forward numerical simulation of seismic waves in shallow sea excited by low frequency sources in time domain was carried out with finite element method based on the Multi-Transmitting Formula artificial boundary. The numerical results show that the body waves and conical waves decay faster in space, but the interface wave decays relatively slow. Multi-transmitting Formula (MTF) artificial boundary has achieved good transmitting effect for longitudinal wave, upstream and downstream acoustic wave and transverse wave. When the source frequency is very low and the seawater layer is shallow, due to the effect of low-frequency cutoff, there is no normal mode wave which can propagate without attenuation in the seawater waveguide, and only the interface wave is propagating near the sea bottom surface. When the frequency of the source or the depth of the seawater layer increases, the effect of low frequency cutoff in the shallow water waveguide is weakened, and the normal mode waves propagating in seawater layer are gradually excited. The intensity of the interface wave caused by low-frequency point sound source mainly depends on the distance between the source and the seafloor.