Treatment of Alzheimer’s disease by modulation of microglial neuroinflammation by nasal anti‐CD3 mAb

Neuroinflammation and microglial activation play a role in AD as shown pathologically and by microglial PET imaging (Zhou et al, Front Immunol 2021). We found that nasal anti‐CD3 mAb induced IL‐10‐secreting T cells in the cervical lymph node that migrate to the brain, suppress microglial inflammation and ameliorate disease in a model of progressive MS (Mayo et a,l Brain 2016). In humans we found that nasal anti‐CD3 (Foralumab) decreased inflammation and accelerated resolution of lung inflammation in patients with mild COVID‐19 (Moreira et al, Front Immunol 2021) and modulated microglial activation in progressive MS as measured by microglial PET imaging (Chitnis et al, unpublished). We thus tested nasal anti‐CD3 in animal models of AD.