Outflow of a supersonic gas jet into a liquid

Numerical modeling of the underwater outflow of a supersonic gas jet in a three-dimensional non-stationary formulation is carried out using an eddy-resolving approach based on a combination of RANS-LES turbulence modeling methods. The calculation of the interaction of a gaseous medium with a liquid is carried out using the VOF multi-phase model, the forces of surface tension and the compressibility of the liquid are taken into account. As a result of calculations, an unsteady pattern of the formation of a supersonic jet and a gas cavity in a liquid is obtained, the shock-wave structure of the flow is visualized, and pressure fluctuations in the liquid are estimated. The results of calculations are compared with the data of experimental high-speed photography.