Optimal Scheduling of Electric Vehicles in a Solar Rooftop Parking Lot with V2V Power Transfer

This paper presents optimal scheduling for electric vehicle (EV) charging in a community supported by solar photovoltaic (SPV) and battery energy storage system (BESS)-based parking lot. Each incoming EVs to the charging station gets connected to separate charge points and becomes eligible to participate in vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) power transfer to decrease the charging cost and enhance the self-utilization of SPV. The problem is formulated as an offline mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model and solved by considering full availability of information of the EV demand, grid prices, and SPV generation. Later, three different cases, i.e., dumb charging, smart charging with V2V and BESS, and smart charging with V2V, BESS and SPV are considered for analysis of the proposed scheduling approach. When supported by V2V power transfer, demand profile flattens and total cost incurred by the parking lot operator is also reduced for a single day. The proposed model is validated on MATLAB® platform by performance evaluation of simulation results.