Retrieval of Aerosol Single-Scattering Albedo from MODIS Data Using an Artificial Neural Network

Aerosol single-scattering albedo (SSA) is one of the largest sources of uncertainty in the evaluation of the aerosol radiative forcing effect. The SSA signal, coupled with aerosol optical depth (AOD) and surface reflectance in satellite images, is difficult to retrieve by the look-up table approach. In this study, we proposed an artificial neural network- (ANN) based approach that retrieves SSA over land based on MODIS (moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer) visible (red band) reflectance variations among nearby pixels that have different surface reflectivities. Using the training dataset generated by the radiative transfer model, the ANN model was trained to establish the relationship among SSA, surface reflectance, and top of atmosphere (TOA) reflectance. Then, based on the trained ANN model, SSA can be retrieved using the surface and apparent reflectance of several heterogeneous pixels. According to sensitivity analysis, this method works well on nonuniform land surfaces with high AODs. The root mean square error (RMSE) of retrieved and measured SSA (from 28 sites of AErosol RObotic NETwork, AERONET) was 0.042, of which the results with an error less than 0.03 accounted for 51%. In addition, the SSA retrieval method was applied to several thick aerosol layer events over different areas (South Asia, South America, and North China Plain) and compared with the ozone monitoring instrument near-UV aerosol data product (OMAERUV). The comparison results of the images show that the retrieval method of visible wavelength proposed in this study has similar outcomes to those from the ultraviolet wavelengths in these regions. The retrieval algorithm we propose provides an effective way to produce an SSA product in visible wavelength and might help to better estimate the aerosol radiative and optical properties over high heterogeneous areas, which is important for the aerosol radiative impact estimate at a regional scale.