Understanding the Poetry as a Complex Analytical and Synthetic Process of the Cognitive Sphere of the Personality

the purpose of our research was to conduct an empirical study of the psy-chological characteristics of future philologists of contemporary poetry and to assess the development of personal qualities of students who are the part of the structure of reading competence and, in our opinion, will facilitate students’ un-derstanding of poetry to develop their ability to reflect their mental states, goals and speech-thinking competence, creative imagination, richness of associations, awareness of one’s own experiences, the ability to in-depth analysis and com-menting on poetry.methods of the research. The following theoretical methods of the research were used to solve the tasks formulated in the article: the categorical method, structural and functional methods, the methods of the analysis, systematization, modeling, generalization. The experimental method was the method of organi-zing empirical research.the results of the research. It was proved thatthe most common reasons for the difficulty of understanding poetry had been: surreal poetics; postmodern poetics; original and unusual worldview; deliberate outrage; intellectual begin-ning; high symbolism of images; high subjectivity; complex philosophical load; accumulation of worlds; mental unusualness; intertextuality; experimentalism; complex, metaphoric imagery; associative multifacetedness of semantic series; complex subtexts; guidelines for the destruction of poetic form and providing ex-periments with it; presence of reminiscences; complex allusions; intuitive grasp of Ukrainian archaisms; speech experiments; outdated and complex vocabulary; unusually large proportion of obscene vocabulary; a large number of author’s innovations in poetry.conclusions. We interpret the understanding of the text as a complex ana-lytical-synthetic process, which ends with penetration into the deep semantics of some message. It was shown that understanding had taken a place on two levels – on informational-cognitive one and on the semantic level. We offer the criteria for understanding the content of the message, which are related to the processes of extracting and generating the meaning of the text. We proved, that the main criterion of understanding the poetry is the restoration of the meaning of the original message, the construction of its internal semantic structure, which is characterized by the criteria of depth and completeness of understanding.