Integrating Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy and photogrammetry towards 3D element mapping

The possibility to map the element distribution on a sample surface is one of the interesting applications of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy that has been extensively explored in recent years. In this manuscript, we explore the combination of photogrammetry and LIBS techniques for the creation of a three-dimensional model of the map of the elements on the surface of the sample. Using a dedicated photogrammetry solution and software, we reconstruct the three-dimensional model of the mineral sample whose mesh is later exploited for the interactive interpretation of the results. Then, making use of Paraview software, which integrates production algorithms and computing performance in a unified solution for scientific purposes, we establish a process pipeline that allows the creation of an interactive three-dimensional model with the spatial distribution of the target elements on top of the sample surface. Our results demonstrate that combining these two techniques can give us a valuable resource for better qualitative analysis and insight, providing an innovative three-dimensional modeling solution that may open the door to a new range of possibilities, from quality control technology involving alloys and mechanical parts to interactive teaching environments for geo and biosciences, just to name a few examples.