Etiopathogenesis and treatment for secondary glaucoma after pars plana vitrectomy with silicone oil

Purpose. To analyze the literature on the etiology, pathogenesis, and methods of treatment of secondary glaucoma caused by emulsification of silicone oil after pars plana vitrectomy. Material and methods. The search for literature sources was carried out using the reference databases PubMed, Scopus and eLibrary for the period up to 2022 using the keywords: «silicone oil induced glaucoma», «secondary glaucoma after vitrectomy», «silicone oil», «silicone oil emulsification», and the same words in Russian. Results. The use of silicone oil ensures stabilization of the retina and has a number of advantages. However, prolonged presence of it in the vitreal cavity can lead to such a complication as secondary glaucoma. The review presents an analysis of the methods of treatment of secondary glaucoma induced by emulsification of silicone oil, their effectiveness and safety. Conclusion. The main mechanism for the development of secondary glaucoma due to silicone oil emulsification is the mechanical closure of the outflow pathways by silicone oil bubbles. According to the literature, traditional methods of surgical treatment of glaucoma in this pathology are ineffective. The use of drainage devices gives a more persistent hypotensive effect. Key words: secondary glaucoma, emulsification, silicone oil, ExPRESS, Ahmed.