PD-1 inhibitor for disseminated Mycobacterium avium infection in a person living with HIV


 We reported a case of people living with HIV with disseminated Mycobacterium avium (M.avium) infection, in whom antiretroviral therapy combined with all drugs that of anti-M.avium activities failed to clear the pathogen. After PD-1 inhibitor treatment, T cells exhaustion was reversed and M.avium-specific T cell response was boosted, together with M.avium clearance.