Performance analysis of the hybrid MIMO-LD/LED link for the UWOC system in sea water

Abstract Theoretical analysis of underwater wireless optical communications (UWOC) systems based on a hybrid LD/LED link in sea water was reported in this research. Multiple input-multiple output (MIMO) and single input-single output (SISO) approaches are used to implement the modulation schemes NRZ-OOK, RZ-OOK, 4-QAM, and 64-PPM. As carriers, waves with the wavelengths 715, 650, 532, and 412 nm are employed. The receiver unit includes the photodiodes PIN and APD to recognize the received signal. The findings indicate that the hybrid LD/LED link’s performance using the MIMO technique is superior to SISO in terms of BER, Q factor, and data rate. Additionally, 64-PPM is a reliable modulation technique for achieving a low BER and a high Q factor.