Phronesis in Veterinary Medicine: Navigating the Complexity of Practice with Wisdom.

With the knowledge explosion currently occurring in veterinary medicine, it is difficult to impart to our learners all the actions that can be done, let alone teach them how to determine what should be done. Ethics curricula can provide an essential part of this answer but leave it incomplete. This can result in the disengagement of veterinary learners from the situational understanding that leads to the most appropriate actions. Phronesis is a practical understanding with sound judgment and ethical orientation. It has recently become a talking point in medicine as a framework of support for health professionals that brings together the goals of ethical care with clinical judgment. We can work to incorporate it more effectively into our curricula by evaluating how phronesis is already used in veterinary medicine. This will give learners the opportunity to practice phronetic judgment and support practical wisdom in clinical settings.