Robust Displacement Sensing by Direct-Current Triboelectric Nanogenerator Via Intelligent Waveform Recognition.

A triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) facilitates the advancement of self-powered displacement sensors, which are important for many autonomous intelligent microsystems. However, the amplitude-based displacement sensing of conventional TENG-based sensors still suffers significantly from varying charge densities in harsh environments. Benefiting from the combination of intelligent signal processing algorithms and direct-current TENG sensors, this study proposes an environmentally robust character-based displacement sensing method that eliminates the influences of varying charge density in principle. The experimental results show that under drastically changing air humidity and other harsh environments, the sensing of threshold and maximum displacement has far superior consistency and stability than that of traditional amplitude-based TENG sensors, providing a novel route to realize reliable self-powered displacement sensing in environment-variable applications.