Diabetes Mellitus Disease Prediction and Type Classification Involving Predictive Modeling Using Machine Learning Techniques and Classifiers

The Diabetes-Mellitus (DM) disease is considered a persistent ailment that is triggered by excessive sugar levels in the blood of a person. It gives rise to severe health complications when left untreated and can also give rise to related diseases such as cardiac attack, nervous damage, foot problems, liver and kidney damage, and eye problems. These problems are caused by a series of factors interrelated to one another such as age, gender, family history, BMI, and Blood Glucose. Various Machine-Learning (ML) algorithms are being used in order to predict and detect the disease to avoid further complications of health. The Diabetes prediction process can be further improvised by identifying the type a person is being affected by and the probability of the occurrence of the related diseases. In order to perform the mentioned task, two types of the dataset are used in the study, namely, PIMA and a clinical survey dataset. Various ML algorithms such as Random Forest, Light Gradient Boosting Machine, Gradient Boosting Machine, Support Vector Machine, Decision Tree, and XGBoost are being used. The performance metrics used are accuracy, precision, recall, specificity, and sensitivity. Techniques such as Data Augmentation and Sampling are used. In comparison with the research conducted previously, the paper focuses on improvisation of the accuracy with a percentage of 95.20 using the LGBM Classifier, and Diabetes is also classified as Prediabetes or Diabetes using many Classification mechanisms.