MODERN VIEW ON METABOLIC SYNDROME IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS

This bibliographical review presents the current data on the metabolic syndrome (MS) in children and adolescents, the criteria for its diagnosis and associated arterial hypertension, the role of genetic factors and lifestyle characteristics in the formation of MS. The main sequence links of pathogenesis were also considered, as follows: insulin resistance and compensatory hyperinsulinemia, the systemic nature of inflammation in adipose tissue, endothelial dysfunction and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system with involvement of the extraglomerular apparatus of the kidneys in the process, hypersympathicotonia, the influence of the overweight factor in mother during pregnancy, nutritional characteristics of children in the first 2 years of life coupled with the Vitamin D deficiency, male gender. The treatment tactics with an emphasis on non-drug methods was observed as well.