Development of the theory and schematic solutions of the gyroscope based on superconducting quantum interferometers

Based on the principle of equivalence of the general theory of relativity and the definition of the non-Euclidean metric of space in a non-inertial frame of reference associated with rotation, a geometric (topological) phase is found that occurs when traversing any closed loop. This approach made it possible to establish a deep physical analogy between various wave effects (both classical and quantum) in closed waveguides that arise under the conditions of their rotation. Due to the coherence of the wave function of spinless charge carriers (Cooper pairs of conduction electrons with oppositely directed spins) in superconductors in the ground quantum state (superconducting state), the appearance of a geometric phase in closed loops under rotation conditions can lead to interference effects in the presence of weak bonds in the loop. To register interference effects, it was proposed to use superconducting quantum interferometers placed in the electric field of a cylindrical or spherical capacitor. In accordance with the general theory of the geometric phase of rotation, the study obtained the basic relations between the geometric phase of rotation and the phase of the wave function induced by an external magnetic field, and an estimate of their values was obtained for acceptable values of the angular velocity of rotation, dimensions of superconducting quantum interferometers, and voltages on the capacitor. The errors in measuring the magnetic flux during the rotation of the measuring complex are determined. Taking into account the dependence of the magnitude of the geometric phase of rotation on the voltage across the capacitor and the size of the superconducting quantum interferometers, and also taking into account the specific range of angular velocities of rotation, the sensitivity of superconducting quantum interferometers to the angular velocity can be regulated by a rational choice of these parameters. Based on the results obtained, a new method for measuring magnetic fields was proposed using two superconducting quantum interferometers with different values of areas bounded by closed contours under conditions of rotational movements, which makes it possible to compensate for the disturbing influence of rotations on magnetic measurements, as well as to simultaneously determine the magnetic induction and angular velocity of rotation.