Melatonin Improved Brain Pathologies and Cognitive Dysfunction in Rats with Trastuzumap‐Induced Chemobrain

Trastuzumap (Trz) has been shown to significantly increase the survival rate in human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2)‐positive breast cancer patients, whereas it also causes neuroinflammation, leading to cognitive impairment, as called “chemobrain”. The exact mechanisms of Trz‐induced chemobrain are not fully understood. Melatonin, a hormone derived from the amino acid tryptophan, has been shown to have the neuroprotection in several pathological conditions. However, the effects of melatonin on brain mitochondrial function, microglial morphology, synaptic plasticity, and cognitive function in Trz‐induced chemobrain have never been investigated.