Design and implementation of research on dispatching of earthquake emergency materials based on improved article swarm optimization algorithm

China is a high-incidence area of earthquakes, and earthquakes cause huge economic losses and casualties every year. Earthquake disasters have adverse effects on the economic and social development of any country in our country. In the post-earthquake rescue process, the dispatch of emergency rescue teams and materials is very important, which is the basis for rescue and disaster relief, response to emergencies, and disaster relief. This paper is based on the related application research of improved particle swarm optimization algorithm. The emergency material reserve is the key to improving the emergency material support capability and an important guarantee for responding to sudden disasters. Therefore, it is necessary to select the best site selection plan for the emergency material reserve. Based on the background of earthquake disaster, this paper analyzes and studies the location problem of emergency material reserve. At the same time, in order to improve the post-earthquake emergency rescue capability, the reasonable dispatch of post-disaster emergency supplies is particularly important. The purpose of this paper is to design and implement the technology involved in the research and dispatch of earthquake emergency materials. The final result of the research shows that the required quantities of emergency materials dispatch are 9.94 tons, 6.52 tons, 4.98 tons, 7.64 tons and 5.33 tons, respectively. The corresponding emergency material dispatch shortage ratios are 6.74%, 4.33%, 3.41%, 5.17% and 4.05%, respectively. The shortage ratio of emergency material dispatch changes with the change of the required quantity of emergency material dispatch. At the same time, this paper analyzes and researches the location of emergency material reserves, in order to improve the emergency rescue capability after the earthquake and reasonably dispatch the emergency materials after the disaster, which is particularly important.