Study on differential toll pricing of expressway considering carbon emission reduction benefit

The transportation industry is one of the major sectors that produce greenhouse gas emissions. In order to promote the low-carbon process of the transportation industry, based on the differentiated charging of expressways, this paper constructs a carbon emission calculation model and a carbon pricing model from the perspective of carbon emission reduction income, and analyzes the carbon emissions under different charging rates of expressways and the economic benefits of carbon emission reduction. On this basis, the comprehensive income of the high-speed group is composed of two parts: toll income and economic by carbon emission reduction. Considering the benefits of carbon emission reduction, the formulation of highway toll rates can bring more environmental benefits under the condition of ensuring the actual economic benefits of the high-speed group. The results show that when the toll rate is 2.0 yuan/km, the high-speed group can obtain the optimal carbon emission reduction benefits and toll benefits. This study can promote the low-carbon process of the transportation industry and provide a reference for the amount and method of government subsidies to the transportation sector.