Skills as an objective point of teaching translation

Problem. The article deals with the issue of formation of university students’ translation skills. Such types of translation as oral interpretation, written translation and abstract translation are considered in their difference. The mechanisms of translation are described including perception and analysis of information, short-term storage memory, search for translation solutions, assessment of the correctness etc. The article considers the mistakes in the process of conveying the meaning of the original text like distortions, inaccuracies or indistinctness as well as searching for optimal version of translation and finding the optimal translation solution, analysis of translation options, paraphrasing as a way to an optimal translation solution, possibility of descriptive, tracing or approximate translation. The article analyses such difficulties as fake friends of the translator, polysemantic words, non-equivalent vocabulary and the ways for the students to deal with them. It also emphasizes the increasing demand for translators who have knowledge about international requirements for modern scientific discourse as our country is in the process of integrating in the European space including scientific one, which presupposes participation in symposiums, conferences, writing articles in foreign languages. Methodology. The purpose and specificity of the study determined the use of the method of description with elements of comparative analysis for a comprehensive coverage of the issue. Results. Learning written translation using authentic material is no problem nowadays. The article showed the cornerstones of the translation teaching process. Originality. The article goes into specific features that can appear even in familiar topics, which removes certain difficulties in understanding the meaning and gives possibility to concentrate on the linguistic aspect of translation. Formation of competence in translation of scientific texts is a good basis for mastering the translation of the texts from the other industries and spheres of human activity since they have a certain algorithm common for translation of special texts.  The article also underlines the necessity of developing the personality of students as the translation competence includes linguistic knowledge together with general cultural erudition and certain psychological abilities which should be developed in students and encouraged by teachers. Practical value. Certain issues in the article can help the teachers organize the process of translation teaching in the class and as an individual students’ work.