Relationship of daily, institutional and structural racism with cognition in ethnically/racially diverse middle‐age Americans

Racism is a social determinant of health that operates at multiple levels ‐ interpersonal, institutional, structural ‐ producing stress and limiting access to resources that have dire biopsychosocial effects for historically marginalized communities. Research on older adults suggests interpersonal and structural racism, separately, are associated with worse cognition and may be an underlying reason for racial/ethnic disparities in cognitive aging. An evidence gap remains on how multilevel racism influences cognition throughout the life‐course.