Aphanius
# Aphanius

Aphanius is a genus of pupfishes. Unlike other members of the family which are from the Americas, Aphanius species are native to northern Africa, southwestern Asia (as far east as India) and southern Europe. Several species in the genus have very small distributions and are seriously threatened.

## Fossil record

Fossils of Aphanius are found in strata of the Pleistocene of Italy (age range: from 11.608 to 5.332 million years ago.).

## Species

The 39 recognized species in this genus are:

* Aphanius almiriensis Kottelat, Barbieri & Stoumboudi, 2007
* Aphanius anatoliae Leidenfrost, 1912 (Lake Tuz toothcarp)
* Aphanius apodus Gervais, 1853
* Aphanius arakensis Teimori, Esmaeili, Gholami, Zarei & Reichenbacher (de), 2012
* Aphanius asquamatus Sözer, 1942 (scaleless killifish)
* Aphanius baeticus Doadrio, Carmona & Fernández-Delgado, 2002
* †Aphanius crassicaudus Agassiz 1839
* Aphanius danfordii Boulenger, 1890 (Sultan Sazlığı toothcarp)
* Aphanius darabensis Esmaeili, Teimori, Gholami & Reichenbacher 2014
* Aphanius dispar Rüppell, 1829
   * A. d. dispar Rüppell, 1829 (Arabian toothcarp)
   * A. d. richardsoni Boulenger, 1907 (Dead Sea toothcarp)
* Aphanius farsicus Teimori, Esmaeili & Reichenbacher, 2011 (Farsi toothcarp)
* Aphanius fasciatus Valenciennes, 1821 (Mediterranean killifish)
* Aphanius fontinalis Akşiray, 1948
* Aphanius furcatus Teimori, Esmaeili, Erpenbeck & Reichenbacher, 2014
* Aphanius ginaonis Holly, 1929
* Aphanius iberus (Valenciennes, 1846) (Spanish toothcarp)
* Aphanius iconii Akşiray, 1948
* Aphanius isfahanensis Hrbek, Keivany & Coad, 2006
* Aphanius kavirensis Esmaeili, Teimori, Gholami & Reichenbacher, 2014
* Aphanius maeandricus Akşiray, 1948
* Aphanius marassantensis Pfleiderer, Geiger & Herder, 2014 (Kızılırmak toothcarp)
* Aphanius mento Heckel, 1843 (iridescent toothcarp)
* Aphanius meridionalis Akşiray, 1948
* Aphanius mesopotamicus Coad, 2009 (Mesopotamian toothcarp)
* Aphanius pluristriatus J. T. Jenkins, 1910
* Aphanius punctatus Heckel, 1847
* Aphanius saldae Akşiray, 1955
* Aphanius saourensis Blanco, Hrbek & Doadrio, 2006 (Sahara aphanius)
* Aphanius shirini Gholami, Esmaeili, Erpenbeck & Reichenbacher, 2014
* Aphanius sirhani Villwock, Scholl & Krupp, 1983 (Azraq toothcarp)
* Aphanius sophiae Heckel, 1847
* †Aphanius splendens Kosswig & Sözer, 1945 (Gölçük toothcarp)
* Aphanius stiassnyae Getahun & Lazara, 2001 (Lake Afdera killifish)
* Aphanius sureyanus W. Neu, 1937 (Burdur toothcarp)
* Aphanius transgrediens Ermin, 1946 (Acıgöl toothcarp)
* Aphanius villwocki Hrbek & Wildekamp, 2003 (Sakarya toothcarp)
* Aphanius vladykovi Coad, 1988
