Indalo Protected Environment
# Indalo Protected Environment

Indalo Protected Environment is the largest Protected Environment in the Eastern Cape of South Africa. It is made up of nine private game reserves in three local municipalities.

## History

This 76,076.59 ha (187,989.3 acres) Protected Environment was designated in 2018.

Make up of the Indalo Protected Environment :

| Reserve name | Size (hectares) | Municipality |
| - | - | - |
| Amakhala Game Reserve | 9,733.7 | Sundays River Valley |
| Hopewell Game Reserve | 2,730.94 | Sundays River Valley |
| Kariega Game Reserve | 7,936.78 | Ndlambe |
| Kwandwe Game Reserve | 18,988.04 | Makana |
| Oceana Beach and Wildlife Reserve | 724.72 | Ndlambe |
| Pumba Game Reserve | 5,837.10 | Makana |
| Shamwari Game Reserve | 20,338.58 | Sundays River Valley |
| Sibuya Game Reserve | 1,785.23 | Ndlambe |
| Lalibela Game Reserve | 8,001.46 | Makana |
| Total | 76,076.59 | |

## Biodiversity

This Protected Environment consists of six of the nine vegetation types of South Africa, including Fynbos and Albany thickets.

### Birds

There are twelve threatened birds.

### Fish

It contains two threatened fish, including the critically endangered estuarine pipefish.

### Mammals

There are over 24,000 animals from 38 species, including big five game, with 15 being endangered like the black rhino.

### Vegetation

There are sixty threatened plant species.

## Threats

Threats facing the Protected Environment are wind farms, poaching, and fracking and mining.

