Opinion polling for the 2019 Ukrainian parliamentary election
# Opinion polling for the 2019 Ukrainian parliamentary election

In the run up to the 2019 Ukrainian parliamentary elections, various organisations carried out opinion polling to gauge voter intention in Ukraine. The results of the polls are displayed in this article.

The date range for these opinion polls is from the previous parliamentary election, to the day of the election. The general election was held on 21 July 2019.

## Polling

### Poll results

| Polling Firm/Link | Last date of polling | | | | | | Opposition Platform — For Life | | | | Decided |
| - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Razumkov Centre | 07.02.19 – 14.02.19 | 15.4 | 18.0 | 14.9 | 8.0 | 5.0 | 6.6 | 3.0 | 2.5 | 2.0 | 74 |
| KIIS | 31.01.19 – 10.02.19 | 18.0 | 24.6 | 14.2 | 6.3 | 6.2 | 10.3 | 3.7 | 2.3 | 2.9 | 44 |
| Rating, «Info Sapiens», SM | 19.01.19 – 30.01.19 | 21.2 | 19.0 | 13.0 | 8.6 | 6.5 | 10.5 | 3.8 | 2.6 | 3.3 | 63 |
| IAP | 17.01.19 – 25.01.19 | 20.7 | 12.4 | 11.7 | 10.7 | 8.8 | 11.8 | 4.4 | 2.9 | 2.3 | 39 |
| Active Group | 18.01.19 – 22.01.19 | 19.7 | 19.0 | 14.7 | 6.2 | 7.0 | 4.0 | 5.9 | 7.6 | 2.2 | 46 |
| 2018 ||||||||||||
| IAP | 26.12.18 – 04.01.19 | 19.4 | 12.9 | 11.4 | 11 | 9.1 | 11.7 | 4.5 | 2.9 | 3.2 | |
| UCI, SM | 16.12.18 – 22.12.18 | 19.0 | 14.8 | 10.9 | 11.7 | 8.4 | 11.3 | 5.3 | 2.7 | 5.0 | 55 |
| Sofia Archived 2019-05-09 at the Wayback Machine | 16.12.18 – 25.12.18 | 19.5 | 12.6 | 9.6 | 9.0 | 7.3 | 13.0 | 4.3 | 2.5 | 4.8 | 65 |
| DI & Razumkov Centre | 19.12.18 – 25.12.18 | 19.4 | 11.4 | 14.1 | 8.1 | 6.8 | 10.4 | 3.9 | 3.2 | 3.9 | 59 |
| Rating | 16.11.18 – 10.12.18 | 21.7 | 12.4 | 9.8 | 7.8 | 6.5 | 3.9 | 4.0 | 9.5 | 4.2 | 60 |
| IAP, Socioprognoz | 07.12.18 – 18.12.18 | 25.0 | - | 13.3 | 12.9 | 9.9 | 13.5 | 5.0 | 3.0 | 4.0 | 56 |
| Seetarget | 01.12.18 – 06.12.18 | 21.8 | 12.9 | 10.1 | 7.7 | 9.2 | 11.9 | 5.2 | 2.8 | 2.6 | 62 |
| UCI, SM | 01.12.18 – 10.12.18 | 20.4 | 12.9 | 11,0 | 11.5 | 7.9 | 11.6 | 5.8 | 2.1 | 5.3 | 71 |
| KIIS | 23.11.18 – 03.12.18 | 23.4 | 13.0 | 11.2 | 9.1 | 8.0 | 11.3 | 3.6 | 2.0 | 4.1 | 56 |
| USF | 11.18 | 22.1 | 11.7 | 8.3 | 10.0 | 7.1 | 3.7 | 4.5 | 7.7 | 5.8 | - |
| Sofia | 19.11.18 – 22.11.18 | 20.3 | 9.2 | 9.5 | 7.5 | 6.9 | 18.9 | 5.5 | OP-FL | 3.9 | 61 |

In 2018 :

| Polling Firm/Link | Last date of polling | | | | | FL | | | | | | | | Decided |
| - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 2018 Kerch Strait incident |||||||||||||||
| Sociopolis | 08.11.18 – 16.11.18 | 20.6 | 6.7 | 4.5 | 8 | 4.3 | 4.1 | 4.7 | 2.7 | 1.1 | 8.4 | 11.8 | 2.9 | 56.6 |
| Rating for IRI | 29.09.18 – 14.10.18 | 21 | 11 | 5 | 10 | 6 | - | 6 | 4 | 2 | 10 | 10 | 4 | |
| KIIS, Rating, Razumkov Centre | 16.10.18 – 02.11.18 | 22.8 | 8.5 | 4.6 | 9.7 | 4.3 | 5.2 | 7.4 | 3.2 | 1.5 | 10.3 | 12.0 | 3.8 | 59 |
| KIIS, Rating, UICI, SM | 18.09.18 – 16.10.18 | 21.4 | 9.1 | 5 | 11.3 | 5.4 | | 8.1 | 3.4 | 1.7 | 10.5 | 9.8 | 1.6 | 72.3 |
| Sofia Archived 2019-04-22 at the Wayback Machine | 27.09.18 – 06.10.18 | 19.5 | 10.8 | 6.1 | 11.2 | 6.3 | 2.9 | 7.4 | 3.1 | 1.3 | 9.9 | - | 1.5 | 55 |
| PPI | 29.09.2018 | 21.9 | 10.3 | 3.1 | 8.5 | 4.3 | - | 5.5 | 1.9 | 2.2 | 4.8 | 13.3 | 1.0 | 49 |

In 2018 :

| Polling Firm/Link | Last date of polling | | | | | FL | | | | | Decided |
| - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| KIIS | 08.09.18 – 23.09.18 | 19.6 | 11.2 | 4.1 | 10.1 | 9.3 | 8.1 | 3.5 | 9.3 | 8.2 | 47 |
| KIIS (NDI) | 07.18 | 20 | 7 | 3 | 13 | 7 | 12 | 2 | 10 | | 40 |
| Rating | 10.09.18 – 18.09.18 | 20.4 | 8.6 | 5 | 8.5 | 9.3 | 6.7 | 3.9 | 9.1 | 12 | 68.5 |
| IAP, UCI, SM | 11.09.18 – 18.09.18 | 17.9 | 9.7 | 5.9 | 8.2 | 9.6 | 8.1 | 3.6 | 10.7 | 9.4 | 75 |
| SOCIS, KIIS & Razumkov Centre | 30.08.18 – 09.09.18 | 14.5 | 7.5 | 3.4 | 7.3 | 5.2 | 5.2 | 2.6 | 8 | 10 | |
| DI & Razumkov Centre | 16.08.18 – 22.08.18 | 18.5 | 7.7 | 4.1 | 7.1 | 8.7 | 6.4 | | 9.4 | 6.4 | |
| Seetarget Archived 2019-04-06 at the Wayback Machine | 26.07.18 – 17.08.18 | 18.6 | 10.7 | 5.9 | 11.2 | 8.4 | 9.9 | 3.4 | 12.2 | | |
| Rating | 20.07.18 – 03.08.18 | 19.5 | 6.5 | 4.3 | 11.4 | 7.2 | 7.0 | 4.1 | 11.2 | 10.5 | 58 |
| IAP, UCI, SM (only cities 100k+) | 07.07.18 – 11.07.18 | 19.3 | 9.3 | 5.6 | 12 | 12 | 7.6 | 4.6 | 12.7 | | 71 |
| GFK | 30.06.18 – 08.07.18 | 18 | 8 | 3 | 9 | 8 | 8 | 3 | 11 | 10 | 67.5 |
| Sofia Archived 2019-04-06 at the Wayback Machine | 18.06.18 – 29.06.18 | 16.8 | 10.9 | 5.5 | 18.2 | 18.2 | 9.1 | 4.3 | 10.5 | 7.0 | 56 |
| Sofia Archived 2019-04-06 at the Wayback Machine | 18.06.18 – 29.06.18 | 16.1 | 11.0 | 5.4 | 13.8 | 7.0 | 8.2 | 4.5 | 10.4 | 8.6 | 55 |
| Socis, "SM" | 16.06.18 – 24.06.18 | 18.8 | 6.7 | 6.8 | 11.6 | 5.9 | 10.4 | 5.1 | 10.4 | | 52 |
| Rating | 16.06.18 – 24.06.18 | 17 | 7.4 | 5.1 | 10.7 | 9.6 | 8.2 | 3.8 | 10.5 | 10.4 | 73.2 |
| KIIS | 07.06.18 – 21.06.18 | 19.5 | 7.3 | 3.5 | 10.5 | 10.3 | 9.7 | 3.8 | 14.4 | 5.2 | 67.2 |
| KIIS | 07.06.18 – 21.06.18 | 21.6 | 7.9 | 4.6 | 11.4 | 10.5 | 11.1 | 4.6 | 15.9 | | 67.2 |
| DI & Razumkov Centre | 19.05.18 – 25.05.18 | 17.9 | 11.1 | 7.2 | 12.7 | 11.6 | 11.2 | 4.7 | 15.2 | 7.1 | 49 |
| SOCIS | 11.05.18 – 22.05.18 | 14.7 | 13.4 | 6.5 | 8.4 | 6.5 | 7.6 | 4.3 | 10.5 | 10.9 | 76.8 |
| IAP | 19.04.18 – 04.05.18 | 24.6 | 14.7 | 8.1 | 11.8 | 12.7 | 11.8 | 4.1 | 12.3 | | 54 |
| Sofia | 19.04.18 – 30.04.18 | 16.5 | 12.7 | 7.0 | 14.1 | 7.6 | 8.7 | 4.9 | 11.9 | - | 61 |
| Socis | 19.04.18 – 25.04.18 | 17.1 | 12.4 | 5.8 | 11.4 | 8.4 | 8 | 2.3 | 12.9 | 12.5 | 62.8 |
| Rating | 10.04.18 – 22.04.18 | 15.6 | 7.6 | 5.2 | 9.6 | 8.2 | 8 | 3.8 | 9.7 | 9 | 62.8 |
| KIIS | 05.04.18 – 19.04.18 | 14.4 | 9.9 | 3.6 | 9.3 | 9.3 | 11.4 | 2.4 | 11.5 | 8.4 | |
| Rating | 15.03.18 – 31.03.18 | 18 | 10 | 8 | 11 | 9 | 10 | 4 | 10 | 6 | 51 |
| IAP, UCI, SM | 06.03.18 – 18.03.18 | 23 | 15 | 9 | 12 | 12 | 11 | 4 | 12 | | 48.2 |
| KIIS | 05.02.18 – 21.02.18 | 22.5 | 6.6 | 6 | 12.4 | 10.3 | 13.7 | 5.8 | 9.4 | | 65.7 |
| Razumkov Centre | 15.12.17 – 14.12.17 | 11 | 9 | 7 | 6 | 9 | 6 | 3 | 7 | 4 | 65 |
| GFK Ukraine | 15.11.17 – 14.12.17 | 19 | 12 | 6 | 14 | 13 | 8 | 5 | 10 | | 43 |

In 2017 :

| Polling Firm/Link | Last Date of Polling | | | | | FL | | | | | | Decided |
| - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| DI & Razumkov Centre | 15.12.17 – 19.12.17 | 17.5 | 13.1 | 9.9 | 9.3 | 13.5 | 9.3 | 4.9 | 11.1 | 2.5 | - | 49 |
| "KIIS" | 02.12.17 – 14.12.17 | 17.2 | 13.4 | 7.4 | 10.7 | 10.2 | 10.2 | 5.4 | 8.8 | 3.1 | 1.8 | 57 |
| "Rating" | 22.11.17 – 30.11.17 | 16.8 | 14.5 | 6.5 | 9.4 | 8.9 | 7.7 | 5.6 | 6.8 | - | - | |
| IAP, "Socioprognoz", "Kiev Press Club" and "Mediakhab" | 14.11.17 – 24.11.17 | 18.1 | 15.3 | 7.4 | 9.2 | 13.1 | 12.6 | 6.3 | 8.6 | 3.4 | - | 55 |
| Sofia | 05.10.17 – 13.10.17 | 17.8 | 13.2 | 8.4 | 15.8 | 7.2 | 7.4 | 6.1 | 6.9 | - | - | 55.6 |
| Razumkov Centre | 06.10.17 – 11.10.17 | 10 | 13.6 | 5.9 | 8.6 | 6.8 | 6.5 | 4.2 | 8.9 | - | - | |
| Socis | 05.10.17 – 11.10.17 | 14.1 | 16.9 | 9.3 | 10.4 | 9.8 | 8.9 | 3.7 | 11.4 | 2.5 | 2 | 69.8 |
| IRI | 14.09.17 – 10.10.17 | 19 | 10 | 6 | 8 | 10 | 6 | 4 | 8 | 2 | 2 | 48 |
| NDI, NED, GAC, USIAD, Sweden Gov. | 05.09.17 – 17.09.17 | 14 | 11 | 11 | 10 | 14 | 13 | 6 | 3 | 4 | - | 67 |
| IAP, "Socioprognoz", "Kiev Press Club" and "Mediakhab" | 12.09.17 – 25.09.17 | 18.4 | 16.0 | 6.9 | 9.7 | 13.2 | 12.6 | 6.5 | 7.3 | 4.7 | - | 54 |
| Sofia | 06.08.17 – 12.08.17 | 16.7 | 14.1 | 9.8 | 15.0 | 8.5 | 10.5 | 5.1 | 9.1 | 2.7 | - | 46 |
| GfK Ukraine & Center for Insights in Survey Research | 09.06.17 – 07.07.17 | 20 | 8 | 6 | 8 | 10 | 10 | 6 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 52 |
| "Social Monitoring" & Ukrainian institute social survey Yaremenko | 20.07.17 – 29.07.17 | 18.0 | 13.3 | 5.7 | 11.4 | 12.1 | 10.5 | 6.2 | 6.7 | 2.5 | - | 52 |
| Z&B Global | 12.07.17 – 19.07.17 | 16.5 | 15.4 | 9.1 | 8.9 | 9.8 | 7.8 | 6.7 | 6.3 | 1.9 | 2.0 | 54 |
| DI & Razumkov Centre | 09.06.17 – 13.06.17 | 14.3 | 11.9 | 7.4 | 10.7 | 9.8 | 9.3 | 5.5 | 10.6 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 61 |
| Rating for FOCUS | 22.05.17 – 31.05.17 | 19.2 | 14.1 | 9.5 | 14.5 | 12.8 | 13.1 | 9.2 | 10.7 | - | - | 59 |
| Rating | 19.05.17 – 25.05.17 | 13.2 | 11.3 | 7.1 | 10.4 | 8.2 | 8.9 | 6.4 | 7.6 | 2.2 | 0.9 | 62 |
| Rating | 21.04.17 – 05.05.17 | 14.5 | 10.4 | 8.2 | 10.9 | 8.9 | 9.2 | 4.3 | 7.5 | 2.6 | 1.2 | 59 |
| Sofia | 26.05.17 – 01.06.17 | 14.0 | 12.7 | 8.1 | 13.4 | 8.2 | 10.1 | 5.1 | 7.3 | 2.9 | 0.9 | 62 |
| Rating | 12.05.17 – 20.05.17 | 13.9 | 10.2 | 7.1 | 10.4 | 9.2 | 9.5 | 6.6 | 7.7 | 1.7 | 0.9 | 61 |
| Razumkov Centre | 21.04.17 – 26.04.17 | 13.0 | 11.3 | 8.0 | 7.5 | 9.9 | 9.7 | 4.9 | 11.1 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 64 |
| Z&B Global | 03.04.2017 – 12.04.2017 | 19.0 | 15.7 | 11.0 | 12.7 | 13.3 | 9.9 | 5.8 | 8.5 | - | - | 63.5 |
| NAN Ukraine Archived 2018-12-15 at the Wayback Machine | 21.02.17 – 25.02.17 | 16.9 | 10.5 | 10.5 | 9.3 | 6.4 | 15.7 | 4.9 | 2.2 | 4.9 | 2.0 | 40.7 |
| Active Group | 24.02.17 – 03.03.17 | 17.9 | 12.4 | 10.2 | 11.4 | 11.8 | 10.1 | 4.9 | 8.4 | - | - | - |
| 2016 |||||||||||||
| DI & Razumkov Centre | 16.12.16 – 20.12.16 | 13.2 | 11.9 | 9.1 | 10.8 | 6.8 | 9.3 | 3.7 | 6.5 | 5.6 | 2.2 | 64 |
| Rating | 08.12.16 – 18.12.16 | 16 | 11.8 | 8.6 | 11.7 | 5.9 | 8.5 | 5.9 | 6.7 | 2.7 | 1.6 | 60 |
| KIIS | 03.12.16 – 12.12.16 | 18.3 | 11.9 | 7.6 | 12.2 | 10.4 | 9.8 | 5 | 4.8 | 4.1 | 1 | 54 |
| UIF | 21.11.16 – 28.11.16 | 17 | 14.6 | 11.7 | 8.8 | 5.4 | 9.7 | 5.9 | 4.3 | 7.4 | – | 47 |
| Rating, SOCIS | 24.11.16 – 02.12.16 | 15.5 | 14.1 | 9.8 | 11.2 | 8.8 | 9.1 | 4.9 | 7.1 | 4.1 | 1 | 65 |
| Rating | 10.11.16 – 17.11.16 | 17.4 | 12.6 | 7.4 | 11.1 | 6.2 | 8.4 | 6.1 | 5.6 | 3.1 | 1.1 | 59 |
| Razumkov Centre | 04.11.16 – 09.11.16 | 14.5 | 15.8 | 10.6 | 12.6 | 6 | 7.5 | 3.7 | 5 | 2.5 | 1.5 | 64 |
| KIIS | 04.11.16 – 13.11.16 | 19.1 | 13.2 | 6 | 10.1 | 8.1 | 9 | 5.5 | 6.1 | 3 | 0.9 | 44 |
| Polling Firm/Link | Last Date of Polling | | | | | Wave | | | | | | Decided | Others |
| Rating | 28.09.16 – 07.10.16 | 16.6 | 12.9 | 9.2 | 10.9 | 2 | 11.2 | 6.5 | 6.6 | – | 0.9 | 61 | 23.2 |
| KIIS | 16.09.16 – 26.09.16 | 15.4 | 14.5 | 10.3 | 13.1 | 1.9 | 9.6 | 3.9 | 6.0 | – | 1.0 | 41 | 24.5 |
| CSI Sofia | 26.08.16 – 05.09.16 | 14.4 | 15.0 | 9.0 | 15.6 | 6.8 | 9.4 | 5.1 | 3.7 | 1.2 | 0.6 | 55.1 | 19.2 |
| Rating | 18.08.16 – 23.08.16 | 18.3 | 9.1 | 11 | 12.6 | 3.1 | 11 | 5.6 | 3.8 | – | 0.2 | 58.5 | 25.3 |
| УIСД | 05.07.2016 – 16.07.2016 | 17.9 | 13.8 | 14.7 | 15 | 5.1 | 13.7 | 7.2 | – | – | – | 57.8 | 12.6 |
| VIP-Kонсалтинг Archived 2016-08-18 at the Wayback Machine | 30.06.16 – 07.07.16 | 17.1 | 10.9 | 13.8 | 8.0 | 4.6 | 10.0 | 6.1 | 1.8 | – | 0.5 | 78.9 | 27.2 |
| SOFIA | 29.06.16 – 08.07.16 | 15.4 | 14.6 | 10.1 | 18.7 | 6.2 | 10.2 | 5.7 | 3 | 0.7 | 0.6 | – | 14.8 |
| Rating | 28.05.16 – 14.06.16 | 17.7 | 13.5 | 11.1 | 17.2 | 3.6 | 9.9 | 4.9 | 3.7 | – | – | 55 | 18.4 |
| Polling Firm/Link | Last Date of Polling | | | | | | | | | | | | | Decided | Others |
| KIIS | 20.05.16 – 02.06.16 | 1.1 | 13.0 | 11.1 | 11.9 | 11.2 | 22.0 | 4.3 | 1.7 | 5.1 | – | 1.8 | 2.8 | 53.8 | 15.2 |
| DI | 11.05.16 – 16.05.16 | 1.6 | 11.9 | 12.7 | 10.9 | 10.1 | 14.4 | 4.3 | 2.3 | 7.2 | 2.2 | 1.8 | 3.2 | 55.7 | 17.4 |
| Razumkov Centre | 22.04.16 – 26.04.16 | 0.9 | 14.3 | 13.6 | 14.7 | 10.3 | 10.1 | 5.8 | 0.8 | 2.4 | 0.8 | 2.5 | 6.6 | 60.8 | 17.2 |
| Rating | 14.01.16 – 22.01.16 | 1.2 | 10.4 | 11.6 | 12.8 | 8.2 | 15.1 | 4.6 | – | 3.5 | 1.2 | 3.5 | 11.6 | 57 | 17.5 |
| KIIS | 23.02.16 – 08.03.16 | 2.5 | 10.9 | 11.4 | 12.1 | 11.6 | 20.5 | 5.8 | 1.1 | 5.6 | 0.7 | 2.2 | 4.5 | 56.0 | 15.4 |
| Razumkov Centre | 19.02.16 – 24.02.16 | 2.0 | 11.1 | 11.2 | 11.3 | 6.6 | 9.1 | 3.7 | 0.8 | 2.9 | 1.6 | 2.7 | 5.8 | 72.5 | 5.2 |
| Gorshenin Institute Archived 2016-04-15 at the Wayback Machine | 08.02.16 – 17.02.16 | 2.9 | 9.7 | 15.6 | 12.8 | 12.5 | 14.0 | 8.6 | – | 6.1 | – | 6.3 | 12.2 | ? | 11.5 |
| KIIS | 05.02.16 – 16.02.16 | 2.5 | 16.6 | 11.8 | 14.2 | 10.3 | 15.1 | 6.2 | 1.0 | 5.3 | 0.9 | 3.9 | 3.6 | 41.3 | 12.5 |
| Rating | 14.01.16 – 22.01.16 | 0.9 | 14.3 | 11.7 | 13.5 | 5.5 | 11.6 | 6.9 | 1.5 | 2.8 | 2.0 | 4.7 | 11.6 | 61.1 | 14.8 |
| 2015 ||||||||||||||||
| Rating | 01.12.15 – 10.12.15 | 1.0 | 16.5 | 12.2 | 12.2 | 7.9 | 12.3 | 7.8 | 2.1 | 4.1 | 2.3 | 5.1 | | 56.8 | 13.8 |
| Rating | 03.10.15 – 12.10.15 | 1.1 | 19.8 | 10.2 | 14.0 | 6.1 | 15.1 | 5.4 | 2.2 | 4.2 | 4.0 | 4.1 | | 64.6 | 11.6 |
| KIIS | 17.09.15 – 27.09.15 | 1.3 | 19.9 | 12.8 | 11.0 | 7.4 | 18.8 | 3.2 | 2.0 | 4.0 | 6.4 | 2.2 | | 58.4 | 10.9 |
| KIIS | 27.06.15 – 09.07.15 | 2.8 | 23.5 | 12.2 | 7.2 | 10.2 | 22.7 | 3.9 | 2.1 | 5.5 | 5.4 | – | | 56.4 | 2.6 |
| Rating | 03.06.15 –13.06.15 | 3.4 | 20.5 | 13.1 | 12.7 | 7.9 | 12.4 | 4.8 | 2.6 | 7.1 | 6.6 | – | | 56.2 | 5.8 |
| Rating | 19.05.15 – 29.05.15 | 4.1 | 21.2 | 15.8 | 9.7 | 12.0 | 15.3 | 4.6 | 2.6 | 5.4 | 4.1 | – | | 39.2 | 4.5 |
| Razumkov Centre | 06.03.15 – 12.03.15 | 7.9 | 24.4 | 16.1 | 11.8 | 7.8 | 7.6 | 3.1 | 3.4 | 4.7 | – | – | | 57.9 | 7.9 |
| KIIS | 26.02.15 – 11.03.15 | 6.6 | 26.7 | 17.1 | 10.2 | 8.4 | 11.5 | 4.1 | – | 4.8 | 5.2 | – | | 61.8 | 2.8 |
| 2014 ||||||||||||||||
| Rating | 06.11.14 – 13.11.14 | 24.5 | 23.5 | 12.7 | 8.5 | 7.0 | 6.1 | 4.4 | 2.7 | 1.7 | 2.1 | – | | 67 | 3.4 |
| Ukrainian parliamentary election, 2014 | 26.10.2014 | 22.14 | 21.82 | 10.97 | 9.43 | 7.44 | 5.68 | 4.71 | 3.11 | 3.10 | 1.80 | – | – | – | – |
