Coat of arms of North Rhine-Westphalia
# Coat of arms of North Rhine-Westphalia

The coat of arms of North Rhine-Westphalia is the official coat of arms of the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia.

## Overview

After World War II on August 23, 1946 the British military administration in Germany established the new state of North Rhine-Westphalia with the merger of the provinces of Westphalia and North Rhine, the northern part of the Prussian Rhine Province, to which in January 1947 the Free State of Lippe was added. That same year Wolfgang Pagenstecher, a famous German heraldist living in Düsseldorf, made the original blazon for the newly created state, which adopted it on 5 February 1948. On 10 March 1953 this has been confirmed by the Law about the state's colours, the state's coat of arms and the state' s flag.

The named law starts as follows:

   § 1 The state's colors are green-white-red. § 2 The state's coat of arms is party per pale Vert a bend sinister wavy Argent and Gules a horse rampant Argent, enté en point embowed Argent a rose Gules seeded and leaved Or.

So the constituent three parts of this coat of arms are:

* dexter: Vert a bend sinister wavy Argent, which is a reflection of the former coat of arms of Rhine Province. This until then showed a bend wavy, representing the river Rhine flowing through the Rhineland, today's southwestern part of the state. The change from bend to bend sinister has only been done because of aesthetic reasons.
* sinister: Gules a horse rampant Argent, as opposed to the jumping horse in the arms of Lower Saxony, representing Westphalia, the northeastern part of the state. Originally it was the Saxon steed, the emblem of the Saxon stern duchy. It is identical to the preceding coat of arms of the Province of Westphalia.
* enté en point embowed: Argent a rose Gules seeded and leaved Or, showing the rose of Lippe. This was the coat of arms of the Principality of Lippe, now the district of Lippe in the east of the state.

The coat of arms appears as a charge on the state flag of North Rhine-Westphalia.

## History

* Electorate of Cologne 953–1803
* Duchy of Cleves 1092–1795
* Prince-Bishopric of Münster 1180–1802
* Prince-Bishopric of Minden 1180–1648
* Prince-Bishopric of Paderborn (1281–1802)
* Duchy of Jülich
* County of Ravensberg 1140s – 1807
* Duchy of Berg 1101–1815
* County of Mark c. 1198–1807
* Duchy of Westphalia (1102–1803)
* Principality of Lippe 1123–1918
* County of Arenberg 1549–1810
* County of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg (1607–1806)
* Grand Duchy of Berg 1806–1808
* Grand Duchy of Berg 1809–1813
* Free State of Lippe 1918–1947
* Rhine Province 1822–1946
* Province of Westphalia (1815–1946)
