85th Flying Training Squadron
# 85th Flying Training Squadron

The 85th Flying Training Squadron is part of the 47th Flying Training Wing based at Laughlin Air Force Base, Texas. It operates Beechcraft T-6 Texan II aircraft conducting flight training.

## Mission

The current mission of the 85th Flying Training Wing is to take recent undergraduate pilots, from Air Force Reserve Officer Training Corps or the United States Air Force Academy and qualify them to fly the T-6 Texan II aircraft.

## History

### World War II

The 85th was first activated as a bombardment squadron shortly before the United States entered World War II. Stationed at McChord Field, Washington it flew antisubmarine patrols following the attack on Pearl Harbor.

The squadron was sent to North Africa to participate in Allied operations in the Mediterranean Theater of Operations in late 1942 where it specialized in conducting low-level bombing missions against Axis forces. The unit earned a Distinguished Unit Citation for actions against German forces at Kasserine Pass in February 1943.

Following the Axis defeat in North Africa the 85th participated in the reduction of Pantellaria and Lampedusa and the invasion of Sicily in the summer of 1943. The squadron next supported the British Eighth Army during the invasion of Italy and continued to lead support combat support throughout the Italian Campaign, earning it a second Distinguished Unit Citation for actions in the Po Valley 21–24 April 1945. In August and September 1944 the 85th briefly broke off from the Italian Campaign to support the invasion of southern France.

### Cold War

Following the Second World War the squadron remained an active bomber unit. It was the first squadron to operate the North American B-45 Tornado, the US Air Force's first jet bomber. It later transitioned to the Douglas B-66 Destroyer before being inactivated in May 1962.

### Pilot training

The squadron was reactivated a decade later as a flying training squadron, replacing the 3645th Pilot Training Squadron at Laughlin Air Force Base, Texas.

## Lineage

* Constituted as the 85th Bombardment Squadron (Light) on 20 November 1940

    Activated on 15 January 1941
    Redesignated 85th Bombardment Squadron, Light on 20 August 1943
    Redesignated 85th Bombardment Squadron, Light (Night Attack) on 16 April 1946
    Redesignated 85th Bombardment Squadron, Light, Jet on 23 June 1948
    Redesignated 85th Bombardment Squadron, Light on 16 November 1950
    Redesignated 85th Bombardment Squadron, Tactical on 1 October 1955
    Discontinued and inactivated on 22 June 1962
* Redesignated 85th Flying Training Squadron on 22 March 1972

    Activated on 1 September 1972

### Assignments

* 47th Bombardment Group, 15 January 1941
* Twelfth Air Force, 2 October 1949
* Ninth Air Force (attached to 363d Tactical Reconnaissance Group), 17 October 1949
* Tactical Air Command, 1 Aug 1950 (remained attached to 363d Tactical Reconnaissance Group until 31 August 1950, then to 363d Tactical Reconnaissance Wing)
* 47th Bombardment Group, 12 Mar 1951 (attached to 47th Bombardment Wing after 17 Nov 1952)
* 47th Bombardment Wing, 8 February 1955 – 22 June 1962
* 47th Flying Training Wing, 1 September 1972
* 47th Operations Group, 15 December 1991 – present

### Aircraft

* B-18 Bolo (1941–1942)
* DB-7 Boston (1941–1942)
* A-20 Havoc (1941–1945)
* A-26 Invader (later, B-26) (1945–1949, 1950–1951)
* North American B-45 Tornado (1949–1957)
* Douglas B-66 Destroyer (1958–1962)
* T-37 Tweet (1972–2004)
* T-6 Texan II (2004 – present)
