List of Minnesota wildflowers
# List of Minnesota wildflowers

This is a list of all the wildflowers native to Minnesota by common name, following Minnesota DNR conventions. Where several species of plants share part of a common name, they have been grouped together under that name; this is for indexing purposes and does not always indicate a taxonomic relationship.

## Contents

* A
* B
* C
* D
* E
* F
* G
* H
* I
* J
* L
* M
* O
* P
* R
* S
* T
* V
* W
* References
* External links

## A

* Alexanders
   * Golden alexanders (Zizia aurea)
   * Heart-leaved alexanders (Zizia aptera)
* Anemone
   * Canada anemone (Anemone canadensis)
   * Cut-leaved anemone (Anemone multifida var. multifida)
   * Wood anemone (Anemone quinquefolia)
* Aplectrum
   * Adam and Eve (Aplectrum hyemale)
* Asters
   * Aromatic aster (Symphyotrichum oblongifolium)
   * Awl aster (Symphyotrichum pilosum)
   * Bog aster (Symphyotrichum boreale)
   * Crooked aster (Symphyotrichum prenanthoides)
   * Drummond's aster (Symphyotrichum drummondii)
   * Eastern panicled aster (Symphyotrichum lanceolatum ssp. lanceolatum)
   * Flat-topped aster (Doellingeria umbellata)
   * Heath aster (Symphyotrichum ericoides)
   * Heart-leaved aster (Symphyotrichum cordifolium)
   * Large-leaved aster (Eurybia macrophylla)
   * Lindley's aster (Symphyotrichum ciliolatum)
   * Long aster (Symphyotrichum x longulum)
   * Modest aster (Canadanthus modestus)
   * New England aster (Symphyotrichum novae-angliae)
   * New England aster and Heath aster hybrid (Symphyotrichum x amethystinum)
   * Ontario aster (Symphyotrichum ontarionis)
   * Red-stemmed aster (Symphyotrichum puniceum)
   * Short's aster (Symphyotrichum shortii; threatened)
   * Sickle-shaped aster (Symphyotrichum falcatum)
   * Side-flowering aster (Symphyotrichum lateriflorum)
   * Silky aster (Symphyotrichum sericeum)
   * Skyblue aster (Symphyotrichum oolentangiense)
   * Smooth aster (Symphyotrichum laeve)
   * Veiny lined aster (Symphyotrichum praealtum)
   * Western panicled aster (Symphyotrichum lanceolatum ssp. hesperium)
* Autumn sneezeweed (Helenium autumnale)

## B

* Baneberries
   * Red baneberry (Actaea rubra)
   * White baneberry (Actaea pachypoda)
* Beard-tongues
   * Large-flowered beard tongue (Penstemon grandiflorus)
   * Pale beard tongue (Penstemon pallidus)
   * Slender beard tongue (Penstemon gracilis)
   * White beard tongue (Penstemon albidus)
* Bellworts
   * Large-flowered bellwort (Uvularia grandiflora)
   * Pale bellwort (Uvularia sessilifolia)
* Black-eyed Susan (Rudbeckia hirta)
* Blanketflower (Gaillardia aristata)
* Blazing stars
   * Cylindric blazing star (Liatris cylindracea)
   * Dotted blazing star (Liatris punctata)
   * Great blazing star (Liatris pycnostachya)
   * Northern plains blazing star (Liatris ligulistylis)
   * Rough blazing star (Liatris aspera)
* Bloodroot (Sanguinaria canadensis)
* Bluebead lily (Clintonia borealis)
* Blueberries
   * Lowbush blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium)
   * Velvet-leaved blueberry (Vaccinium myrtilloides)
* Blue-eyed grasses
   * Field blue-eyed grass (Sisyrinchium campestre)
   * Mountain blue-eyed grass (Sisyrinchium montanum montanum)
   * Narrowleaf blue-eyed grass (Sisyrinchium angustifolium)
   * Pointed-petal blue-eyed grass (Sisyrinchium mucronatum)
* Blue flags
   * Northern blue flag (Iris versicolor)
   * Southern blue flag (Iris virginica var. shrevei)
* Bunchberry (Cornus canadensis)
* Butterflyweed (Asclepias tuberosa var. interior)

## C

* Canada mayflower (Maianthemum canadense)
* Cinquefoils
   * Bushy cinquefoil (Potentilla paradoxa)
   * Marsh cinquefoil (Potentilla palustris)
   * Pennsylvania cinquefoil (Potentilla pensylvanica)
   * Rough cinquefoil (Potentilla norvegica)
   * Shrubby cinquefoil (Potentilla fruticosa)
   * Slender cinquefoil (Potentilla flabelliformis)
   * Spreading cinquefoil (Potentilla effusa)
   * Tall cinquefoil (Potentilla arguta)
* Wild Columbine (Aquilegia canadensis)
* Coneflowers
   * Gray-headed coneflower (Ratibida pinnata)
   * Narrow-leaved purple coneflower (Echinacea pallida var. angustifolia)
   * Prairie coneflower (Ratibida columnifera)
   * Sweet coneflower (Rudbeckia subtomentosa)
   * Tall coneflower (Rudbeckia laciniata var. laciniata)
   * Three-leaved coneflower (Rudbeckia triloba var. triloba; special concern)
* Coralroot
   * Autumn coralroot (Corallorhiza odontorhiza var. odontorhiza)
   * Early coralroot (Corallorhiza trifida)
   * Spotted coralroot (Corallorhiza maculata)
   * Striped coralroot (Corallorhiza striata var. striata)
* Cottongrasses
   * Chamisso's cottongrass (Eriophorum chamissonis)
   * Delicate cottongrass (Eriophorum tenellum)
   * Green-keeled cottongrass (Eriophorum viridicarinatum)
   * Slender cottongrass (Eriophorum gracile)
   * Tall cottongrass (Eriophorum polystachion)
   * Tawny cottongrass (Eriophorum virginicum)
   * Tussock cottongrass (Eriophorum vaginatum var. spissum)
* Cow parsnip (Heracleum maximum)
* Culver's root (Veronicastrum virginicum)

## D

* Dogbanes
   * Clasping dogbane (Apocynum sibiricum)
   * Hemp dogbane or American hemp, (Apocynum cannabinum)
   * Intermediate dogbane (Apocynum x floribundum)
   * Spreading dogbane (Apocynum androsaemifolium)

## E

* Evening primroses
   * Common evening primrose (Oenothera biennis)
   * Cleland's evening primrose (Oenothera clelandii)
   * Cut-leaved evening primrose (Oenothera laciniata)
   * Northern evening primrose (Oenothera parviflora)
   * Nuttall's evening primrose (Oenothera nuttallii)
   * Perennial evening primrose (Oenothera perennis)
   * Rhombic evening primrose (Oenothera rhombipetala)
   * Toothed evening primrose (Calylophus serrulatus)

## F

* False Solomon's Seals
   * Common false Solomon's seal (Smilacina racemosa)
   * Starry false Solomon's seal (Smilacina stellata)
   * Three-leaved false Solomon's seal (Smilacina trifolia)
* Fireweed (Epilobium angustifolium)
* Flodman's thistle (Cirsium flodmanii)

## G

* Gaywings (Polygala paucifolia)
* Gentians
   * Billington's gentian (Gentiana x billingtonii)
   * Bottle gentian (Gentiana andrewsii)
   * Downy gentian (Gentiana puberulenta)
   * Great Lakes gentian (Gentiana rubricaulis)
   * Greater fringed gentian (Gentianopsis crinita)
   * Horse gentian (Triosteum aurantiacum)
   * Lesser fringed gentian (Gentianopsis procera)
   * Northern gentian (Gentiana affinis; special concern)
   * Spurred gentian (Halenia deflexa)
   * Stiff gentian (Gentianella quinquefolia var. occidentalis)
   * Yellowish gentian (Gentiana flavida)
* Giant hyssops
   * Blue giant hyssop (Agastache foeniculum)
   * Purple giant hyssop (Agastache scrophulariaefolia)
   * Yellow giant hyssop (Agastache nepetoides)
* Goldenrod
   * Canada goldenrod (Solidago canadensis)
   * Early goldenrod (Solidago juncea)
   * Giant goldenrod (Solidago gigantea)
   * Gray goldenrod (Solidago nemoralis)
   * Hairy goldenrod (Solidago hispida)
   * Missouri goldenrod (Solidago missouriensis)
   * Riddell's goldenrod (Solidago riddellii)
   * Stiff goldenrod (Solidago rigida)
   * Soft goldenrod (Solidago mollis; special concern)
   * Upland white aster (Solidago ptarmicoides)
   * Zigzag goldenrod (Solidago flexicaulis)
* Ground plum (Astragalus crassicarpus)
* Gumweed (Grindelia squarrosa)

## H

* Harebell (Campanula rotundifolia)
* Hepaticas
   * Sharp-lobed hepatica (Anemone acutiloba)
   * Round-lobed hepatica (Anemone americana)
* Honeysuckles
   * Bush honeysuckle (Diervilla lonicera)
   * Fly honeysuckle (Lonicera canadensis)
   * Grape honeysuckle (Lonicera reticulata)
   * Hairy honeysuckle (Lonicera hirsuta)
   * Mountain fly honeysuckle (Lonicera villosa)
   * Swamp fly honeysuckle (Lonicera oblongifolia)
   * Wild honeysuckle (Lonicera dioica)

## I

* Indian paintbrushes
   * Downy paintbrush (Castilleja sessiliflora)
   * Indian paintbrush (Castilleja coccinea)
   * Northern paintbrush (Castilleja septentrionalis; endangered)
* Indian pipe (Monotropa uniflora)

## J

* Jack-in-the-pulpit (Arisaema triphyllum)
* Joe pye weeds
   * Spotted Joe pye weed (Eupatorium maculatum)
   * Sweet Joe pye weed (Eupatorium purpureum)

## L

* Lady's slippers
   * Andrew's lady's slipper (Cypripedium × andrewsii)
   * Showy lady's slipper (Cypripedium reginae; the Minnesota State flower)
   * Small white lady's slipper (Cypripedium candidum; special concern)
   * Stemless lady's slipper, also known as Moccasin flower, (Cypripedium acaule)
   * Yellow lady's slipper (Cypripedium calceolus)
* Leadplant (Amorpha canescens)

## M

* Marsh marigolds
   * Floating marsh marigold (Caltha natans; endangered)
   * Common marsh marigold (Caltha palustris)
* Milk vetches
   * Alpine milk vetch (Astragalus alpinus; endangered)
   * Canada milk vetch (Astragalus canadensis)
   * Cooper's milk vetch (Astragalus neglectus)
   * Field milk vetch (Astragalus agrestis)
   * Loose-flowered milkvetch (Astragalus tenellus)
   * Lotus milk vetch (Astragalus lotiflorus)
   * Missouri milk vetch (Astragalus missouriensis; special concern)
   * Prairie milk vetch (Astragalus adsurgens)
   * Racemose milk vetch (Astragalus racemosus; possibly non-native)
   * Slender milk vetch (Astragalus flexuosus; special concern)
* Milkweeds
   * Clasping milkweed (Asclepias amplexicaulis; special concern)
   * Common milkweed (Asclepias syriaca)
   * Green milkweed (Asclepias viridiflora)
   * Narrow-leaved milkweed (Asclepias stenophylla; endangered)
   * Oval-leaved milkweed (Asclepias ovalifolia)
   * Poke milkweed (Asclepias exaltata)
   * Prairie milkweed (Asclepias hirtella; threatened)
   * Purple milkweed (Asclepias purpurascens)
   * Showy milkweed (Asclepias speciosa)
   * Sullivant's milkweed (Asclepias sullivantii; threatened)
   * Swamp milkweed (Asclepias incarnata var. incarnata)
   * Whorled milkweed (Asclepias verticillata)
   * Woolly milkweed (Asclepias lanuginosa)
* Miterworts
   * Naked miterwort (Mitella nuda)
   * Two-leaved miterwort (Mitella diphylla)

## O

* Orchids
   * Hooker's orchid (Platanthera hookeri)
   * Intermediate bog orchid (Platanthera × media)
   * Large round-leaved orchid (Platanthera orbiculata)
   * Long-bracted orchid (Ceologlossum viride var. varescens)
   * Ragged fringed orchid (Platanthera lacera)
   * Ram's head orchid (Cypripedium arietinum; threatened)
   * Small green wood orchid (Platanthera clavellata; special concern)
   * Small northern bog orchid (Platanthera obtusata)
   * Small purple fringed orchid (Platanthera psycodes)
   * Tall northern bog orchid (Platanthera hyperborea)
   * Tall white bog orchid (Platanthera dilatata)
   * Tubercled rein orchid (Platanthera flava var. herbiola; endangered)
   * Western prairie fringed orchid (Platanthera praeclara; threatened)
* Ox-eye or early sunflower (Heliopsis helianthoides var. scabra)

## P

* Prairie clover
   * Foxtail prairie clover (Dalea leporina)
   * Purple prairie clover (Dalea purpurea)
   * Silky prairie clover (Dalea villosa)
   * White prairie clover (Dalea candida)

## R

* Roses
   * Prairie rose (Rosa arkansana)
   * Prickly rose (Rosa acicularis)
   * Smooth wild rose (Rosa blanda)
   * Wood's rose (Rosa woodsii var. woodsii)

## S

* Silverleaf scurfpea (Pediomelum argophyllum)
* Spiderworts
   * Bracted spiderwort (Tradescantia bracteata)
   * Ohio spiderwort (Tradescantia ohiensis)
   * Western spiderwort (Tradescantia occidentalis)
* Starflower (Trientalis borealis)
* Strawberries
   * Common strawberry (Fragaria virginiana)
   * Wood strawberry (Fragaria vesca var. americana)
* Sunflowers
   * Bright sunflower (Helianthus × laetiflorus)
   * Common sunflower (Helianthus annuus)
   * Giant sunflower (Helianthus giganteus)
   * Hairy sunflower (Helianthus hirsutus)
   * Maximilian's sunflower (Helianthus maximiliani)
   * Nuttall's sunflower (Helianthus nuttallii ssp. rydbergii; special concern)
   * Prairie sunflower (Helianthus petiolaris var. petiolaris)
   * Sawtooth sunflower (Helianthus grosseserratus)
   * Stiff sunflower (Helianthus pauciflorus)
   * Tickseed sunflower (Bidens aristosa)
   * Western sunflower (Helianthus occidentalis var. occidentalis)
   * Woodland sunflower (Helianthus strumosus)
   * For early sunflower, see ox-eye.

## T

* Tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus)
* Touch-me-nots
   * Pale touch-me-not (Impatiens pallida)
   * Spotted touch-me-not (Impatiens capensis)
* Trilliums
   * Drooping trillium (Trillium flexipes)
   * Large-flowered trillium (Trillium grandiflorum)
   * Nodding trillium (Trillium cernuum var. macranthum)
   * Snow trillium (Trillium nivale)
* Twinflower (Linnaea borealis var. longiflora)
* Twistedstalks
   * Clasping leaved twistedstalk (Streptopus amplexifolius)
   * Rose twistedstalk (Streptopus roseus var. longipes)
* Twinflower (Linnaea borealis var. longiflora)
* Twistedstalks
   * Clasping leaved twistedstalk (Streptopus amplexifolius)
   * Rose twistedstalk (Streptopus roseus var. longipes)

## V

* Violets
   * Arrow-leaved violet (Viola sagittata)
   * Bearded birdfoot violet (Viola palmata var. pedatifida)
   * Beardless birdfoot violet (Viola pedata)
   * Big-leaved white violet (Viola blanda)
   * Common blue violet (Viola sororia)
   * Dog violet (Viola conspersa)
   * Great-spurred violet (Viola selkirkii)
   * Kidney-leaved violet (Viola renifolia)
   * Marsh violet (Viola cucullata)
   * Lance-leaved violet (Viola lanceolata; threatened)
   * New England violet (Viola novae-angliae)
   * Northern bog violet (Viola nephrophylla)
   * Northern white violet (Viola macloskeyi var. pallens)
   * Rugulose violet (Viola canadensis var. rugulosa)
   * Sand violet (Viola adunca)
   * Yellow prairie violet (Viola nuttallii; threatened)
   * Yellow violet (Viola pubescens)
* Violet wood sorrel (Oxalis violacea)
* Virginia mountain mint (Pycnanthemum virginianum)

## W

* White camas (Zigadenus elegans)
* Wild bergamot or bee-balm (Monarda fistulosa)
* Wild calla (Calla palustris)
* Wild licorice (Glycyrrhiza lepidota)
* Wild onions
   * Nodding wild onion (Allium cernuum)
   * Prairie wild onion (Allium stellatum)
   * White wild onion (Allium textile)
* Wild sweet William (Phlox maculata)
* Wintergreen (Gaultheria procumbens)
* Wolfberry (Symphoricarpos occidentalis)
* Wood betony (Pedicularis canadensis)
* Wood lily (Lilium philadelphicum var. andinum)
* Wormwoods
   * Sage wormwood (Artemisia frigida)
   * Tall wormwood (Artemisia campestris)
