List of terms used in bird topography
# List of terms used in bird topography

The following is a list of terms used in bird topography:

## Plumage features

* Back
* Belly
* Breast
* Cheek
* Chin
* Crest
* Crown
* Crown patch
* Ear-coverts
* Eye-ring
* Eyestripe (or eye line)
* Feather, see category: Category:Feathers
* Flanks
* Forecrown
* Gorget
* Hood (or half-hood)
* Lateral throat stripe
* Lores
* Malar
* Mantle
* Mask
* Moustachial stripe
* Nape
* Nuchal collar
* Operculum (on pigeons).
* Pennaceous feathers
* Postocular stripe
* Remiges
* Rump
* Spectacles
* Submoustachial stripe
* Supercilium
* Supraloral
* Parts of the tail include:
   * Rectrices
   * Tail corner
   * Terminal band
      * Subterminal band
* Throat
* Undertail coverts
* Upper mandible (or maxilla)
* Uppertail coverts
* Vent, crissum or cloaca
   * Vent band
* Parts of the wings include:
   * Alula
   * Apical spot
   * Axillar
   * Bend of wing
   * Carpal covert
   * Emargination
   * Greater coverts
   * Leading edge of wing
   * Lesser coverts
   * Marginal coverts
   * Median coverts
   * Mirror (on gulls)
   * Primaries
      * Primary projection
      * Primary numbers (e.g. 1, 2, 3, etc.)
   * Scapulars
      * Scapular crescent (on gulls)
   * Secondaries
   * Speculum
   * Tertials
      * Tertial step (on gulls)
   * Trailing edge of wing
   * Upper scapulars
   * Wing bar
   * Wing coverts
   * Wing edging
   * Wing linings
   * Wing tip or point (denoted by the number of the longest primary, counted from the carpal joint)

## Bare-parts features

* Beak or bill
   * Cere
   * Culmen
   * Gape
   * Gonys
      * Gonydeal angle
      * Gonydeal spot
   * Nail (of beak)
   * Nares
   * Rhamphotheca
      * Gnathotheca
      * Rhinotheca
   * Tomia
* Brooding patch
* Caruncle (bird anatomy)
* Comb, or Coxcomb
* Orbital skin, or orbital ring
* Tarsus
* Tibia
* Wattle
