WASHINGTON, Dec, 6.
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Vened to-day, and commenced thelr regular annual session, being the Second Session of 1he Twenty Seventh Congress.

 At I2 o'clock, the Senate was called to or. der by the President, Hon. Samuel l.. South ard. The roll of Senators names being call ed by the Secretary, it appeared that thirty one Senators were present.

 On motion of Mir Bayard, it was ordered that the House be informed that quorum of the Senate was assembled, and ready to pro- ceed to business.

 On motion of MT. Kerr, it was ordered that the usual number-three daily papers-be furnished to each Senator during the Session.

 A resolution was received from the House, for the appointment of Joint Committee to wait on tho President and inform him that a quorum of the two Houses had assembled and were ready to receive any communication he might be pleased to make. The resolution was concurred in, and Messrs. Bayard and Bates appointed on the part of the Senate, as were Messrs. Wise, Briggs and Clifford on the part of the House, to constitute the Con- mittee. The Senate then adjourned.

 The House was called to order at twelve bv the Sneaker, Hon. John White. The list of members names was called, and about lSO were ascertained to be present. Hon. Fran cis Granger from New York, and Hon. llen- ry Dodge, delegate from WiskonSan, were qualified, and took their seats.

 Mir. Wm. Cost Johnson moved that the rules of the 26th Congress be adopted, until otherwise ordered.

 Mir. John Quincy Adams was perfectly willing to adopt them with the exception Of the 2lst. (Laughter.) He moved to amend the motion, so as to adopt the rules ofthe 26th Congress, as they stood ut the close of the Second Session.

 Here the way was opened to discussion on the thread bare subject of Abolition. us connected with the 21st rule. The motion and amendment were briefly discussed by Messrs. Johnson, Adams and Fillmore, the last of whom opposed entering this wide field of discussion, without rules at all for their government, and repeating the disgracetul scenes that had been acted on this subject.

 The amendment of Mir. Adams was then rejected. Yeas s4; Nays S7.

 MT. Wise, from the Joint Committee ap- pointed to wait on the President, reported that the President informed them, that he would send them Message ut l2 o'clock to- morrow.

 The question then recurring on the orig- nal motion of MT. Johnson, on motion of MT. Wise the House. at two o'clock, adjourned.

 The rumor of the separation of Mir. Wise from the Tyler party is entirely unfounded, as learn from an uncnosiionable source.- He occupies the same ground as at the close of the Extra Session, and will stand promi- nent in the support of Mr. Tyler in the House.

 W. Y. Tribune.

 At l2 o'clock on Tuesday, Oct. 7. the President tra nsmitted to each House the following

 MESSAGE. Fellow, Citizens ofthe Senate

 and ofthe House of Representatives:

 In coming together fellow:citizens, to enter agaln upon,the discharge of the duties with which the Peo. pie have charged us severally we find great occa- sion rejoice in the genera prosperity of the country We in the enjoyment ot all the blessings ot c'vll cation, Knowledge, and improvement. Through the yess Which is now drawing to ctGss peace has been ia our borders, and plenty in our habatons; and d. ,ough disease has visited some few portions oi the land with distress and mortality, vet in general the health of the People has been preserved, and we are n called upon, by the highest obligations of duty, to renew our thanks and our devotion to our Heavenly Parent who has continued to vouchsafe to the em nent blessings which surround us, and who has so signally crowned the year with His goodness. If we ind ourselves increasing. beyond example, in mum. DOTS, in strength, in wealth, in knowledge, m every hing which promotes human and social happiness, ct us remember cur dependence for all these. on the protection and merciful dspensaons of Divine Prov dcnce. British subject, who was indicted for the murder of an American citzen and whose case has been the ,uhject of correspondence heretofore communicated you has been acquitted by the verdict of an mpar. al and intelligent jury and has, under the judgment of the Court, been regularly discharged.

 Great Britain having made known to this Govern. Canada for the destruction of the steamboat Caroline, in the winter of lS37, and which resulted in the de- siructon of said boat and in the death of an Ameri % hs S 0Gs Canada. and demanding the discharge of Mcleod upon the ground that, if engaged in that expedition, he did but fulfil the orders of his Government, has thus been answered in the only way in which she could be answered by Government, the powers of which are distributed among its several departments by the fundamental law. Happily for the people of

 a by as s criminal offence, before the Courts of either can obtain his discharge, is by the independent action of the judiciary and by proceedings equally familiar to

 II in Great Britain power exists in the Grown to cnuse 10 be entered noiie prosequ which is not the case with the Executive power of the United States npon prosecution pending in State Court yet shere, no more than here. can the chief Executive power prisoner from custody without an or der of the proper tribunal directing his dlscharge- order may be made, is matter of municipal regula- ton entirely, and not to be complained of by any other Government: In cases of this kind. Govern. ment becomes politically responsible only when its unjust and injurious judgments in matters not douht- ful. To the establishment and elucidation of this principle. no nation has lent it's authority more eff. ciently than Great Britain. Alexander Mcleod hay ing his option either to prosecute writ of error from ihe decision of the Supreme Court of New York, which had been rendered upon his application for a the Supreme Court of the United States, submit his to the decision of jury, prefer red the ater deemng the readiest mode of obtain ing his liberation, and the result has fully sustained the wisdom ofhis choice. The manner in which the issue submitted was tried, will satisfy the English Government that the principles of justice will never tail to govern the enlightened decision of an Ameri. ' En.l Ss cessty, of making such provisions by law, so far as they may consttutonally do so, for the removal a, Iheir commencement and at the option of the pnriy