rot. No. 225.
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prove souTre OF the most distraeting and incu


rable dlscords. / have ever believed, thai The
tonly proper and rtghlfat disposition of them
was for Ualue, and that there was no warrant in
The Constitution, 10 gics them or their proceeds
to the States old or neaO, and thereby convert
what is the common titrId of the Governments of
the United States INTO the separate property of
each OF the States. The reasons for this opin.
ion. have had occasion. more than once, to pre-
sent fully 10 The Legislature, at former Sessions;
TO repeat them now would be an unnecessary
Itrespass on the patience OF the Senate. which I
have already sufficiently taxed.


But whit+ver opinion, may be entertained in
regard to this power over the proceeds of Lands
acquired by Cession from PARTICULAR States. l
had supposed and believed that il would never
be seriously. claimed over The vast arqnisitions
Under the Treaty OF Louisiana in 1903 and the
Treaty Of Florida in I8l9 constituting, ifmy
mrmory serves me. nearly four ffhs of the
whole public domain. They are not derived
from the Same source. or subject to the terms and
conditions be found in the deeds of cession
from the Stalts-nor were they obtained bv giH
but tor price. They Merp purchased oil France
and Spain, and paid for ont Of the common Treas.
urv, with the public money. Aud it would be
difficult TO Distinguish them from other stocks Of
the United STATES. whe her ia hanks, roads, ca
mails, or however else held. They are all alike
paid for with the public money, are eqnulIy the





as sources of rercnme A distribution, then, Of
their proceeds, would, he conceived, be tquiva
lent to the exercise Of power 10 distribute The
rerenucs MemsPives, and. in this instance espe-
cally establish the power to collect revenue for
dlstrlbution:


In the resent report of the Secretary of The
Treasury, on the state of the finances, he SAYS
that including the avaiIs of the public lands
There would be bnlance in the Treasury on
fho y OF nF I0,,O Il
that "lhe estimates of expenditures in 1889, have
been formed on the most economical bass." and
thinks 1t probable "that The appropriations to be
made at the present session, will exceed by some
millions the estimates submitted" And adds:
but snch additional appropriations to any con-
siderable extent, are not anticipated, when the
whole circumstances of the country and Of the
Treasury shall have been calmly reviewed by
Congress No doubt exists, with the undersign-
ed. that prudence at this time. requires redue-
t1on, rather than an increase, in the aggregate
OF the annual appropriations Besides what is
dictated on this subject by a wise frugaly and
the St10itened condition of the .Treasury, it is
probable that, by the gradual reduction IN Me
tGrW which IS in progress under the existing
laws. the receipts from customs, which now aV-
erage sixteen or seventeen millions yearly, will
by 1872 be SO far dim inished as not then to e,r-
cccd Ten or t1OeLrc millions. Hence, If the annu-
al expenses do not, by that period, undergo re-
auction in some degree corresponding, so as not
to surpass that sum and the few additional mil
lions which may then be derived from the sales
of The public lands. an unpleasant resort to ano-
Their iecreas" Of the tariff or TO a REAL Of depo-
sites with the States, or TO permanent loans will
then, if nal sooner, become Indispensable"


Now sir with these warnings before Us, are
gentlemen prepared to cut off this supply Of from
four to five millions, annually, and thereby re-
duce the means in the Treasury so low as 10
render a resort to loans or taxes necessary2-
Shall the Legislature ola Southern State be ac-
cessary in subjecting the, Government of the u.
States to such extremities TO oblige it to revive
the odious and oppressive policy OF high tariff
/ trust we shall not SO soon forget the thraldom
in which few years ago, the whole South was
tntang!ed by this system system so oppres-
sive and ruinous In its effects to the labor indus
try, and prosperity ofthat whole region, that the
1CtseSt and most patriotic began to calculate the
cost of the Union A revision or all the laws
upon the subject ofthe tariff may reasonably bs
expected. in few years The trial must come,
and il seems to me we Shall very lily consult
our interest or safety by cutting of source of
revenue, which may be regarded shield in
the hour of danger. y


But, asked Mr.. E. in what position do the
friends of this resolution place thenselyes2-.
Are they not the advocates of power in Con-
gress. the exercise of which, may lead 10 the,
overthrow OF all the Limitations upon the powers
of the Federal Government, andan entire change
in the relations between it and the State Govern
ments2 Sir. I would have the States rely upon
the aOiH of theIrown people and upon their own
resources for the means of support to Govern
ment. and not upon the liberdlity or bounty of
Congress. Such a reliance can alone secure
their own independence and the rights of the
people. ..... .,.,., y


There is nothing should more regret than
to see the States look TO the Federal Government
for their suppies-assuming the humiiiatIng at
titude of pplcanrs for favor--for wbichsihe-on-
Iy return they could make would be in conees-
sons of political power, and the practice of duti
ful submission. The habilual acceptance ofsuch
f,vors would scarcely fail 70 hegvt the necessity
Of acquiescing in the terms and conditions upon
which they are bestowed Does the General
Government desire TO prosecute any great work
of internal Improvement, OF education, Of cooni-
zation. and, if you please, of cipaton--all
objects not embraced within the powers of that
Government according to the Republican, faith
1t has nothing 10 do but to make the prosecution
Of such work the condition Of the grant TO the
States. Do we not know. that the bill passed in
1892. proposing to distribute the; procerds of the
public lands among the SrAtss,bul which, thanks
H. T. nla cd