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right II IS 10 1sA t, It bc deeincd nnI;.. and just to give 1t that character, bays '','e gard to several.

 In my first message, stated it to bs opinion, that ' 1t IS net probable that =. " adjustment of the tariff. upon princ,nay satisfactory to the people of the llnfiass will, until remote period, if ever. lasa, the Government without conslderat,os surplus in the treasury, beyend ss.,,t ,s... sse be required for its current service ;, have had no cause to change that an;n;a but much to confirm it. Should thesa pectations be realized, suitable f,-, would thus be produced for the plan ,ndsa pu consideration 10 operate upon; and = there be no such fund, its adoption w;,, in my opinion, work noinjury to any ;n.a.' terest; for cannot consent to the instnes. of the apprehension that the establisbmans of the proposed system would tend to ,ls encouragement of lmproyident lepisIat;os of tie character supposed. \ iIateycr tls proper authority, in the exercise of con stitutional power, shall, at any time hera after, decide to be for the general rood will, in that, as in other respects, deserss and receive the acquiescence and supno,. Of the whole country; and we have amnIe security that every abuse ofpower in that regard by the agents of the people. win receive a speedy and eilectual correct;va at their hands. The views which I taLe of the future, founded on the obvious and 1 increasing improvements of all cIassee z, our fellow citizens, in intelligence. and in public and private virtue, leave me withs out much apprehension on that head.

 l do not doubt that those who come after us, will be as much alive as we are to fba obligation upon ali tine trustees of polit;. cal power to exempt those for whom tleu act from all unnecessary burthens. and as sensible of the great truth, that the re. sources of the nation, beyond those re. quired for the immediate and neeessarv purposes of Government, can no where bs so well deposited as in tie pockets of tla people.

 It may sometimes happen that the in terests Of particular States would not ha deemed to coincide with the general inter. est in relation to improvement within such States. But ifthe danger to be apprehend. ed from this source Is sufficient 10 reouifa it, discretion might be reserved to Con. gress to direct to such improvements of general character as the States concerns ed might not be disposed to unitc in tie application of the quotas of those States. under the restriction of eonfning to each 1 State the expenditure of its appropriate quota. 1t may, however, be assumed as a safe general rule, that such improvements as serve to increase the prosperity of the respective States in which they are made. by giving new facilities to trade, and there hy augmeuting the wealth and comfort of their inhabitants, constitute the surest mode of comforting permanent and sub. stantial advantages upon the whole. The strength as well as the true glory of the coniederacy3s mainly founded on the pros. perity and power Of fhe several ndepend. ent soYereignties of which 1t IS compqsed, and the Ger ttainty witt, which they can to brought into successful, active co-opeFa- tion. through the agency of the Federal Government.

 It IS, moreover, within the knowledge of such as are at all conversant with pub. lie affairs, that schemes ofinternal improYe- ment have, from time to time, been pre- posed, which, from their extent and seem ing magnifcence, were regarded as of na- tional concernment, but which, upon fuller consideration and farther experience. would now be rejected with great nnanims ity.

 That the plan under consideration would derive important advantages from its eer- talnty, and that the money set apart for these purposes would be more judiciousIy applied and economically expended under the direction Of the State Legislatures, in which every part of the State is imme. diately represented, cannot, ) think, he ldoubted. In the new States partieuiarlY, where comparatively small popuIationis scattered over an extensive surface, and the representationin Congress consequent ly very limited, it is natural to expect that the appropriations made by the Federal Government would be more likely to be expended in the vicinity of those members through whose immediate agency they were obtained, than if the funds were plac. ed under tine control of the Legislature, IT which every county of the State has lis own representative. This supposition does not necessarily imPugn tie motives efsueh 1 tCongressIonal epresentatiyes, nor IS It so intended. We are all sensible of the bias to which the strongest minds and purest hearts, under such circumstances, arc lia- tble. ih respect to the last objection, its probable effect upon the dignity and inde~ pendence of the State Governments, 1t ap- pears to me only necessary. to state the case as It Is, and as 1t would be If the iDeas- ures proposed were adopted, to show thas the operation is most likely 10 be the very reverse of that which the objection suppo- ses.

 I In the one case, the State would receive its quota of the national revenue for do. :. nestle use upon fixed principle, as a mat ter of right, and from fund to- the crea- tion of which 1t had itself contributed ils fair proportion. Surely there can be noun ing derogatory in that. As matters noW stand, the States themselves, in their soye- IPiecn character nat unfre eQlIentlY pe-