NEw-YoRK, May q, 1881.
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RIo DE JANEIRo, April 7th

 Gentlemen :-The Augusta sailing tomorrow, af- tords me an opportunity of communicating 10 you, m brief summary, some very important changes Tn the poctlca relations of this country His Ma jesty returned from his tour about the 18th ult aier issuing proclamation to the people of the interior province, betrayng every symptom of extreme alarm.

 Upon his arrival in this city, preparations were made for the celebration of the event During those celebrations, parties of Brazilians formed for the purpose of ayowing their determination to support the Emperor longer than he remained Constitutional; and some misunderstanding having taken place between them and the Portuguese, the question at once arose whether Portuguese had a right to interfere i the celebration ofthe return of the Brazan Emperor, (who is d native of Portugal or the affars of government To decide this question, resort has been had to arms; which, after many all ternate predomnances of the pares has resulted in the entire defeat of Portuguese machinations and in- trigues. During these ndecsive strfes, the Empe- TOT has thrice changed his Ministry to suit the tone of the party which he conceived had gained tine up- per hand. Silly man! his race is run. Deserted by his sodiery, who have seconded the views of the mass of the pople, h. abdcated his crown this morn ing, al o'clock, in favor of his son, |. Don Pedro the 2d," lad of about five years of age, and has embarked on board the Warspite, British ship of the line. We far from being quiet yet; and ex- treme consternaon is depicted in every countenace.

 Letter cf Abdication-Exercising the right which the Constitution gives me, declare that have vol untarly abdicated [the throne in favor of my dear and beloved son, Dow PEDRO D'ALcASTARA.

 Boa Vista, Eth April, 1884, and of ] Signed

 Independence and the Empire the 10. PEDRO.