Matins in Lutheranism
# Matins in Lutheranism

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Ernst Troeltsch

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vte :

In the Lutheran Church, Matins is a morning-time liturgical order combining features that were found in the Medieval orders of Matins, Lauds, and Prime. Lutherans generally retained the Order of Matins for use in schools and in larger city parishes throughout the 16th and 17th centuries. In some places, Matins continued to be sung in Latin still longer. For example, at the close of the eighteenth century in Leipzig, one historian records that "every Sunday and festival day the canonical hours taken over from the Roman Catholic Church are still being chanted before [the chief service] at 6:30 am." The orders experienced a revival in the Confessional Renewal that took place in the 19th century, and now have a stable place in modern Lutheran liturgical books.

## Representative examples

A few examples of Matins in the Lutheran Church can be found below. The first column contains the Offices of Matins, Lauds, and Prime as found in the pre-Reformation breviary from the Archdiocese of Magdeburg. The second column provides the Office of Matins from the Lutheran Cathedral of Havelberg, a suffragan of Magdeburg, as found in the 1589 Vesperale of Matthäus Ludecus, dean of the Havelberg Cathedral. The third column provides Matins as it was sung in the Lutheran Cathedral of Magdeburg in 1613, precisely one century after the pre-Reformation breviary in the first column. The final column contains the Order of Matins as found in the 1941 Lutheran Hymnal of the Lutheran Church–Missouri Synod. Along with the outline of the office itself, the various propers for Matins of the First Sunday in Advent are also included.

| Magdeburg Breviary (1513) | Vesperale (Havelberg, 1589) | Cantica Sacra (Magdeburg, 1613) | The Lutheran Hymnal (LCMS, 1941) |
| - | - | - | - |
| Matins | Matins | Matins | Matins |
| Domine labia mea aperies | Domine labia mea aperies | Domine labia mea aperies | "O Lord, open Thou my lips" |
| Deus in adiutorium meum intende | Deus in adiutorium meum intende | Deus in adiutorium meum intende | "Make haste, O God, to deliver me" |
| Gloria Patri | Gloria Patri | Gloria Patri | Glory be to the Father... |
| Alleluia | Alleluia | Alleluia | Alleluia |
| Invitatory Advent I: Ecce venit rex | Invitatory | Invitatory Advent I: Ecce venit rex | Invitatory Advent I: "Behold, the King cometh..." |
| Venite | Venite | Venite | Venite |
| First Nocturne | | | |
| | | | Hymn |
| Psalmody Psalm: Beatus vir Psalm: Quare fremuerunt Psalm: Domine quod multiplicati Psalm: Cum invocarem Psalm: Verba mea auribus Psalm: Domine ne in furore Psalm: Domine Deus meus in te speravi Psalm: Domine Dominus noster Psalm: Confitebor tibi Psalm: In Domino confido Psalm: Salvum me fac Domine Psalm: Usque quo Domine oblivisceris Psalm: Dixit insipiens in corde suo Antiphon for Advent I: Scientes quia hora est | Psalmody Psalm: Beatus vir Psalm: Quare fremuerunt Psalm: Domine quid multiplicati Psalm: Cum invocarem Psalm: Verba mea auribus Psalm: Domine ne in furore Psalm: Domine Deus meus in te speravi Psalm: Domine Dominus noster Psalm: Confitebor tibi Psalm: In Domino confido Psalm: Salvum me fac Domine Psalm: Usquequo Domine oblivisceris Psalm: Dixit insipiens in corde suo Antiphon for Advent I: Scientes quia hora est | Psalmody Psalm: Beatus vir Psalm: Quare fremuerunt Psalm: Domine quod multiplicati Antiphon for Advent I: Scientes quia hora est | Psalmody - "One or more psalms shall be said or chanted" Advent I: Unspecified |
| Versicle Advent I: V: Egredietur virga de radice Iesse R: Et flos de radice eius ascendet | | | |
| First Lection Advent I: Visio Esaie, filii Amos... (Isaiah 1:1-3) | Lections | Three Lections on Feasts and Sundays, one on Ferias Advent I: Visio Esaie, filii Amos... (Isaiah 1:1-15) | Lections - one or more |
| Responsory (common, seasonal, or proper to a certain Sunday or feast) Advent I: Aspiciens a longe | Responsory (common, seasonal, or proper to a certain Sunday or feast) Advent I: Ecce dies venerunt | Three Responsories on Sundays and Feasts, one on Ferias (common, seasonal, or proper to a certain Sunday or feast) Advent I: Aspiciens a longe | Responsory (common, seasonal, or proper to a certain Sunday or feast) Advent I: "Behold, the days come, saith the Lord..." |
| Second Lection Advent I: Ve genti peccatrici (Isaiah 1:4-6) | | Second Lection Advent I: Lavamini, mundi estote... (Isaiah 1:16-31) | |
| Responsory Advent I: Aspiciebam in visu noctis | | Responsory Advent I: Aspiciebam in visu noctis | |
| Third Lection Advent I: Terra vestra deserta (Isaiah 1:7-9) | | Third Lection Advent I: Et cum appropinquasset... (Matthew 21:1-9) | |
| Responsory Advent I: Missus est Gabriel angelus | | Responsory Advent I: Missus est Gabriel angelus | |
| Second Nocturne | | | |
| Psalmody Psalm: Conserva me Domine Psalm: Exaudi Domine iusticiam Psalm: Diligam te Domine Antiphon for Advent I: Nox processit dies autem | Psalmody Psalm: Conserva me Domine Psalm: Exaudi Domine iusticiam Psalm: Diligam te Domine | | |
| Versicle Advent I: V: Egredietur Dominus de loco sancto suo R: Veniet ut salvum faciat populum suum | | | |
| Fourth Lection Advent I: Audite verbum Domini (Isaiah 1:10-13a) | | | |
| Responsory Advent I: Ave Maria gratia plena | | | |
| Fifth Lection Advent I: Incensum abhominatio est mihi (Isaiah 1:13b-15) | | | |
| Responsory Advent I: Salvatorem expectamus | | | |
| Sixth Lection Advent I: Levamini mundi estote (Isaiah 1:16-18) | | | |
| Responsory Advent I: Audite verbum Domini gentes | | | |
| Third Nocturne | | | |
| Psalmody Psalm: Celi enerrant Psalm: Exaudiat te Dominus Psalm: Domine in virtute Antiphon for Advent I: Hora est iam nos de somno surgere | Psalmody Psalm: Coeli enerrant Psalm: Exaudiat te Dominus Psalm: Domine in virtute | | |
| Versicle Advent I: V: Ex Syon species decoris eius R: Deus noste manifeste veniet | | | |
| Seventh Lection Advent I: Cum appropinquasset Iesus (Matthew 21:1-9a) | | See Third Lection | |
| Homily Advent I: Puto res ipsa exigit ut queramus... (Pseudo-Chrysostom, Opus Imperfectum in Matthaeum, Homily 37) | | | |
| Responsory Advent I: Ecce virgo concipiet | | | |
| Eighth Lection Advent I: Ideo ergo cum tanta (Opus Imperfectum in Matthaeum, Homily 37) | | | |
| Responsory Advent I: Obsecro Domine mitte quem missurus | | | |
| Ninth Lection Advent I: Quando Iudei voluerunt Christum (Opus Imperfectum in Matthaeum, Homily 37) | | | |
| Responsory Advent I: Letentur celi et exultet terra | | | |
| | | | Sermon (optional) |
| Te Deum Not said in Advent | Te Deum | Te Deum | Te Deum or Benedictus |
| | Dominus vobiscum and Oremus Collect Advent I: Excita quesumus Domine Dominus vobiscum Benedicamus Domino | | |
| Lauds | Lauds | Lauds | |
| Psalmody Psalm: Dominus regnavit Antiphon for Advent I: In illa die stillabunt montes Psalm: Iubilate Deo Antiphon for Advent I: Iocundare filia Syon Psalm: Deus Deus meus ad te de luce vigilo Psalm: Deus misereatur Antiphon for Advent I: Ecce Dominus veniet Benedicite omnia opera Antiphon for Advent I: Omnes sitientes venite ad aquas Psalm: Laudate Dominum de celis Antiphon for Advent I: Ecce veniet propheta magnus | Psalmody Psalm: Dominus regnavit Psalm: Iubilate Deo Psalm: Deus Deus meus ad te de luce vigilo Psalm: Deus misereatur Psalm: Laudate Dominum de coelis Psalm: Cantate Domino canticum novum Psalm: Laudate Dominum in sanctis eius | Psalmody Psalm: Dominus regnavit Antiphon for Advent I: In illa die stillabunt montes Psalm: Iubilate Deo Antiphon for Advent I: Iucundare filia Syon Psalm: Deus Deus meus ad te de luce vigilo Psalm: Deus misereatur Antiphon for Advent I: Ecce Dominus veniet Benedicite omnia opera Antiphon for Advent I: Omnes sitientes venite ad aquas Psalm: Laudate Dominum de celis Antiphon for Advent I: Ecce veniet propheta magnus | |
| Hymn (seasonal, common, or proper) Advent I: Vox clara ecce intonat | | Hymn (seasonal, common, or proper) Advent I: Vox ecce clara personat | Hymn |
| Chapter Advent I: Scientes quia hora est (Romans 13:11) | | Chapter (German version of what was read in Matins) Advent I: Da sie nun nahe... (Matthew 21:1-9) | |
| Versicle and response (seasonal, common, or proper) Advent I: V: Vox clamantis in deserto parate viam Domino R: Rectas facite semitas Dei nostri | | | |
| Benedictus with antiphon (usually proper, frequently taken from Gospel at Mass) Antiphon for Advent I: Spiritus sanctus in te descendit Maria | Benedictus with antiphon | Benedictus with antiphon (usually proper, frequently taken from Gospel at Mass) Antiphon for Advent I: Spiritus sanctus in te descendet Maria | |
| Versicle Advent I: V: Ex Syon species decoris eius R: Deus noste manifeste veniet | | | |
| Collect Advent I: Excita quesumus Domine | | | Collect Advent I: Excita quesumus Domine |
| Prime | Prime | Prime | |
| Hymn - Nocte surgentes | | Hymn - Jam lucis orto sydere | |
| Psalmody Psalm: Deus Deus meus respice in me Psalm: Dominus regit me Psalm: Domini est terra Psalm: Ad te Domine levavi Psalm: Iudica me Domine Psalm: Deus in nomine Psalm: Confitemini Domino Psalm: Beati immaculati Psalm: Retribue suo tuo vivifica me Psalm: Quincunque vult | | Psalmody Psalm: Dominus regit me or Psalm: Confitemini Domino or Psalm: Quincunque vult | |
| Chapter Domine miserere nostri... (Isaiah 33:2) | | | |
| Responsory Christe fili Dei vivi | | Responsory Christe fili Dei vivi | |
| Ninefold Kyrie | | | Threefold Kyrie |
| Pater noster | | | "Our Father..." |
| Preces | | | Optional suffrages |
| Confiteor | | | |
| Preces | | | |
| Dominus vobiscum and Oremus | Dominus vobiscum and Oremus | | "The Lord be with you" |
| Collect - Domine sancte Pater omnipotens... | | | Collects Collect for Grace: "O Lord, our heavenly Father..." |
| Versicles | | | |
| Collect - Actiones nostras... | | | |
| Oremus | | | |
| Collect - Sancta Maria mater Domini... | | | |
| Deus in adiutorium meum intende (x3) | | | |
| Gloria Patri | | | |
| Threefold Kyrie | | | |
| Pater noster | | | |
| Versicles (Psalm 90:16-17) | | |
| Oremus | | | |
| Dirigere et sanctificare... | | | |
| Dominus vobiscum | Dominus vobiscum | | |
| Benedicamus Domino | Benedicamus Domino | Benedicamus Domino | "Bless we the Lord." |
| | | | Benediction |
