Osornophryne sumacoensis
# Osornophryne sumacoensis

Osornophryne sumacoensis is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to the Ecuador and only found in the forests surrounding a small crater lake on the eastern slopes of Sumaco, a volcano in the Napo Province.

## Description

Osornophryne sumacoensis females measure about 32.5 mm (1.28 in) in snout–vent length (mean of three individuals). Skin has many tubercles. The back and limbs are blueish-black, but the belly is blue with black spots. Head is small.

Osornophryne sumacoensis can be active both day and night. It is a terrestrial species. During the daytime specimens have been found under leaf-litter.

## Reproduction

Osornophryne sumacoensis has direct development. Eggs are laid on soil under vegetation.

## Habitat and conservation

Osornophryne sumacoensis inhabits the cloud forest surrounding the lake, at 2,500–2,800 m (8,200–9,200 ft) asl. The forest is dominated by bamboo (Chusquea sp.), Ficus, and other trees up to 20 m (66 ft) tall.

The species lives within the Sumaco Napo-Galeras National Park. Volcanic eruption is a threat to this species restricted to a single location.

