Regiment of the Crown (France)
# Regiment of the Crown (France)

The Régiment de La Couronne (Regiment of the Crown) was an infantry regiment of the Kingdom of France, created in 1643.

## Lineage

* 1643 : creation of the Régiment de La Reine-Mère (Regiment of the Queen Mother)
* 1666 : renamed Régiment de Genlis
* 1666 : renamed Régiment d’Artois
* 1673 : named Régiment de La Couronne (Regiment of the Crown)
* January 1, 1791 : renamed the 45th Line Infantry Regiment
* December 3, 1794 : the 1st Battalion was incorporated into the 89th Battle Demi-Brigade (French: $89^e$ demi-brigade de bataille) when that demi-brigade formed.
* 1795 : the 2nd Battalion was incorporated into the 86th Battle Demi-Brigade (French: $90^e$ demi-brigade de bataille) when it formed.

## Equipment

### Regimental Colors

During the Siege of Maastricht (1673), the Régiment d’Artois was renamed La Couronne (The Crown) as a reward for valor, and awarded new regimental arms, a white cross on an azure background with the motto Dedit hanc Mastrika coronam "Maastricht [lui] a valu cette couronne" (Maastricht won this crown).

9 regimental colors out of which one "white", Colonel and eight for ordinance, "all blue with the French Crown in gold in the middle of each white cross".

* Ordinance
* Regiment of the Reine-Mère, 1643 to 1666
* Artois, 1666 to 1673
* Régiment de La Couronne, 1673 to 1791
* Colonel Flag

### Uniform

* Uniforms
* Regiment La Couronne, 1720 to 1734
* Regiment La Couronne, 1734 to 1757
* Regiment La Couronne, 1762 to 1776
* Regiment La Couronne, 1776 to 1779
* Grenadier of the Régiment La Couronne, 1779 to 1791
* Grenadier of the 45th Line Infantry Regiment, 1791 to 1795

## History

### Colonels and mestres de camp

* June 25, 1643: François-Marie de l’Hôpital, Duke of Vitry, Colonel
* June 7, 1757: N. Bruslard, Marquis de Genlis
* June 1673: N. Bruslard, Marquis de Gelis-Bethancourt
* September 1675: N. Bruslard, Marquis de Genlis
* March 12, 1677: Hardouin Bruslard, Chevalier de Genlis
* March 30, 1693: N. de Prunier, Marquis de Saint-André
* July 26, 1698: Louis, Marquis de Polastron
* May 11, 1707: René-François de Froulay, Chevalier de Tessé
* February 17, 1712: Jean François Gabriel, Count of Polastron
* March 10, 1734: Armand Louis de Béthune, Marquis de Charost, killed in 1735 near Trèves
* November 11, 1735: Louis-Ferdinand-Joseph de Croi, Duke of Havré, Colonel-lieutenant
* Mars 14 1758: Marie-Alexandre-Léonor-Louis-César de Saint-Mauris, Count of Montbarrey
* November 30, 1761: Pierre-Constantin Le Vicomte, Count of Blangy
* June 22, 1767: Claude-Antoine de Béziade, Marquis d’Avaray
* November 11, 1782: Marie-Gabriel-Florent-Auguste, Count of Choiseul-Gouffier
* January 1, 1784: Augustin-Louis-Charles, Marquis de Lameth
* October 21, 1791: Joseph-Marie-Anne de Moyria
* March 8, 1793: François Goulu

### Campaign and battles

**Régiment de La Couronne**

* The Regiment de la Couronne was garrisoned in Bonn during the Siege of Bonn (1703) (French: siège de 1703). On October 13, 1703, the marquis Yves d'Alègre, governor of the city, sent the regiment in a counter-attack. Colonel de Polastron was wounded in action during this operation.
* 45th Line Infantry Regiment

The 45th Line Infantry Regiment participated in the 1792-1793 campaign with the Army of the North (France), and in 1794 with the Army of Sambre and Meuse (French: armée de Sambre-et-Meuse).

