Timeline of Buenos Aires
# Timeline of Buenos Aires

This is a timeline of the history of the city of Buenos Aires, Argentina.

## Prior to 19th century

* 1536 – First foundation of the city by Pedro de Mendoza.
* 1542 – City attacked by indigenous people and settlers abandon it, moving to Asunción.
* 1580 – Second foundation of the city around fort built by Juan de Garay.
* 1591 – Dominican monastery established.
* 1604 – San Francisco monastery established.
* 1611 – Men's Hospital founded.
* 1620 – Town becomes capital of Buenos Aires Province.
* 1671 – Cathedral inaugurated.
* 1711 – Cabildo built.
* 1716 – Granted the royal motto Most Noble and Loyal ("Muy Noble y muy Leal")
* 1720 – Recoleta church built.
* 1722 – Completion of Saint Ignatius Church
* 1727 – San Miguel church founded.
* 1743 – Women's Hospital established.
* 1744 – Las Monjas convent founded.
* 1749 – San Juan convent established.
* 1752 – Cathedral built.
* 1755 – Female Orphan School established.
* 1763 – Anglo-Portuguese invasion, part of the Seven Years' War, repelled by Viceroy Cevallos.
* 1768 – Merced church built.
* 1776 – City becomes capital of Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata.
* 1778 – "Free trade regulations" in effect.
* 1779 – Foundling Asylum established.
* 1794 – Consulado (merchant guild) established.

## 19th century

### 1800s-1840s

* 1801 - Telégrafo Mercantil newspaper begins publication.
* 1806 - British briefly in power.
* 1810
   * 18–25 May: May Revolution.
   * State Library established.
* 1811 – Pirámide de Mayo monument built on the Plaza de Mayo.
* 1815 – Academy of Jurisprudence founded.
* 1821 – University of Buenos Aires founded.
* 1822
   * Academy of Music founded.
   * Street names changed.
   * Northern Cemetery established.
* 1823 – Museum of Buenos Ayres, Sociedad de Beneficencia, and Philharmonic Association founded.
* 1829 – British Library established (approximate date).
* 1832 – English Cemetery established.
* 1833 – Victoria Theatre built.
* 1838
   * 28 March: French blockade of the Río de la Plata begins.
   * Scotch Church built.
* 1840 – French blockade of the Río de la Plata ends.
* 1841 – Foreign Club established.
* 1845 – Anglo-French blockade of the Río de la Plata begins.
* 1847 – Lutheran Church built.

### 1850s–1890s

* 1850 – Anglo-French blockade of the Río de la Plata ends.
* 1852
   * Board of Health, Faculty of Medicine, and Club del Progreso founded.
   * Yellow fever epidemic.
* 1853
   * City becomes capital of State of Buenos Aires.
   * Germania club founded.
* 1854 – Buenos Aires Stock Exchange, Society of Natural History of the Plate, and Gymnastic Club founded.
* 1855 – Custom house built.
* 1856
   * Mercado del Plata [es] built.
   * Irish Convent of Sisters of Mercy established.
* 1857
   * Teatro Colón opens.
   * Deaf and Dumb Institute founded.
   * Buenos Aires Western Railway inaugurated.
* 1858
   * Café Tortoni in business.
   * Poor Asylum, School of Catedral al Sur, and Maua Bank established.
   * School of medicine built.
   * Yellow fever epidemic.
* 1859 – British Hospital and Convalecencia built.
* 1860
   * Plaza del Retiro laid out.
   * Catedral al Norte (school) and Club del Plata founded.
   * Santa Catalina church built.
* 1861
   * City becomes part of Argentine Confederation again.
   * Plaza del Parque public garden laid out.
   * Teutonia club founded.
   * Mercado del Comercio and Episcopal palace built.
* 1862
   * Buenos Aires Great Southern Railway opened.
   * Plaza Libertad laid out.
   * Archbishop's Palace built.
   * French Hospital and Irish Hospital established.
* 1863
   * Congress-hall and Italian Hospital built.
   * London and River Plate Bank established.
   * Tram service starts.
* 1864
   * Franco Argentine Theatre in business.
   * Lorea market, German Singing Academy, and Concordia club established.
   * Buenos Aires Cricket & Rugby Club opened.
* 1865
   * Constitución railway station opens.
   * Coliseum concert-hall built.
   * Kranken-verein and Heimath club founded.
* 1866 – Archepiscopal see and Mercado de Independencia established.
* 1867
   * Cholera epidemic.
   * German Hospital Society, Mercado del Norte, and Thalia club founded.
* 1868
   * Congregación Israelita Argentina founded.
   * Sanitary Institute opens.
* 1869
   * La Prensa newspaper begins publication.
   * Population: 177,767.
* 1870 – Yellow fever epidemic.
* 1871
   * Yellow fever epidemic.
   * City fire department established.
* 1873 – A la Ciudad de Londres department store in business.
* 1875 – Parque Tres de Febrero inaugurated.
* 1876 – Sociedad Estímulo de Bellas Artes (art society) and Buenos Aires Orchestral Society organized.
* 1877
   * National Penitentiary inaugurated.
   * Café de Hansen [es] in business.
* 1879
   * Teatro Politeama (Buenos Aires) [es] (theatre) opens.
   * Rivadavia Library founded.
* 1880 - City separated from Buenos Aires Province; Municipalidad de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires [es] established.
* 1882
   * Once railway station opens.
   * National Theatre built.
   * South American Continental Exhibition held.
* 1887
   * Belgrano and Flores become part of city.
   * Constitución railway station rebuilt.
* 1888
   * Buenos Aires Zoo established.
   * Pizzurno Palace built.
* 1890 - National Historical Museum opens.
* 1891 – Rivera Indarte Theatre opens.
* 1893 – Buenos Aires City Hall built.
* 1894
   * Palacio de Aguas Corrientes built.
   * Musical Mutual Society organized.
* 1895
   * Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes opens.
   * Population: 663,854.
* 1897 – Puerto Madero constructed.
* 1898
   * Buenos Aires Botanical Garden inaugurated.
   * Casa Rosada re-built.

## 20th century

### 1900s–1940s

* 1901 – Club Atlético River Plate formed.
* 1904
   * Monument to Giuseppe Garibaldi inaugurated.
   * Population: 950,891.
* 1905
   * Club Atlético Boca Juniors formed.
   * Population: 1,025,653.
* 1906 – Congress hall built.
* 1908 – Avenida Theatre opens.
* 1909 – San Martín Palace built.
* 1910
   * Exposición Internacional del Centenario held.
   * Customs House, Palace of Justice, and Congressional Plaza inaugurated.
* 1911 – Hotel de Inmigrantes built.
* 1912 – Cine Atlas Belgrano opens.
* 1913
   * Buenos Aires Underground begins operating.
   * Diario Crítica [es] newspaper begins publication.
* 1914
   * Harrods Buenos Aires in business.
   * Population: 1,575,814.
* 1915 – Retiro railway station opens.
* 1916 – Buenos Aires Stock Exchange built.
* 1917 – Confitería El Molino in business.
* 1919
   * January: Tragic Week conflict.
   * Teatro Gran Splendid opens.
* 1921 – Cervantes Theatre opens.
* 1922 – Cine Catalunya opens.
* 1923 – Palacio Barolo built.
* 1925 – Puerto Nuevo opens.
* 1936
   * Kavanagh Building constructed.
   * Maldonado Stream tubed (approximate date).
   * Obelisco built.
* 1937 – Teatro Gran Rex opens.
* 1938 – Estadio Monumental opens.
* 1945 – 17 October: Labor demonstration.
* 1946 – Buenos Aires Philharmonic founded.
* 1947 – Population: 2,981,043 city; 4,603,035 urban agglomeration.
* 1948
   * Aeroparque Jorge Newbery opens.
   * Buenos Aires Great Southern Railway & Buenos Aires Western Railway closed.
* 1949 – Ministro Pistarini International Airport built.

### 1950s–1990s

* 1950 – Alas Building constructed.
* 1955
   * 16 June: Bombing of Plaza de Mayo.
   * Revolución Libertadora.
* 1957 – Federico Lacroze railway station opens.
* 1958 – Justo José de Urquiza monument [es] inaugurated.
* 1962 – 11 June: Villa Soldati level crossing train accident.
* 1967 – Buenos Aires Japanese Gardens open.
* 1968 – Galileo Galilei planetarium opens.
* 1971 – Florida Street pedestrianized.
* 1972 – Bombing of Sheraton Hotel.
* 1973 – 20 June: Peronist shooting near Ezeiza Airport.
* 1974 – Population: 2,976,000 city; 8,925,000 urban agglomeration.
* 1975
   * Buenos Aires International Book Fair begins.
   * Bombing of theatre.
* 1976
   * 24 March: Coup d'état.
   * 2 April: Osvaldo Cacciatore becomes mayor.
* 1977 – 30 April: Demonstrations by Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo begin.
* 1978 – Argentine Council for International Relations founded.
* 1979
   * 11 December: 1979 Copa América football tournament held.
   * Caseros Prison built.
* 1980 – Centro Cultural Recoleta inaugurated.
* 1982 – June: Catholic Pope John Paul II visits city.
* 1987
   * April: Catholic Pope John Paul II visits city.
   * 12 July: 1987 Copa América Final football tournament held.
* 1988 – Patio Bullrich shopping centre opens.
* 1991
   * Galerías Pacífico shopping centre opens.
   * Population: 2,960,976 city; 10,686,163 urban agglomeration.
* 1992
   * 17 March: Bombing of Israeli embassy.
   * National Library building inaugurated.
* 1994 – 18 July: Bombing of Argentine Israelite Mutual Association building.
* 1996
   * Autonomous City of Buenos Aires [es] established per 1994 amendment of the Argentine Constitution.
   * 30 June: Mayoral election takes place.
* 1999
   * Buenos Aires International Festival of Independent Cinema begins.
   * Abasto de Buenos Aires shopping mall opens.
* 2000
   * King Fahd Islamic Cultural Center inaugurated.
   * El Ateneo Grand Splendid bookshop in business.
   * Aníbal Ibarra becomes Chief of Government of city.

## 21st century

### 2000s

* 2001
   * Latin American Art Museum of Buenos Aires inaugurated.
   * Buenos Aires Fashion Week and Creamfields BA music festival begin.
   * Eloísa Cartonera founded.
   * December: Economic protest.
* 2002
   * June: Economic protest.
   * Quilmes Rock music festival and Buenos Aires Jazz Festival begin.
* 2004 – 30 December: República Cromañón nightclub fire.
* 2005
   * Appetite (art gallery) opens.
   * El Faro Towers built.
* 2006 – March: Aníbal Ibarra deposed; Jorge Telerman becomes Chief of Government of city.
* 2007 – Mauricio Macri becomes Chief of Government of city.
* 2008
   * Fortabat Art Collection opens.
   * Repsol-YPF Tower built.
* 2009 – Le Parc Figueroa Alcorta and Mulieris Towers built.

### 2010s

* 2010
   * Municipal bicycle sharing program established.
   * Metropolitan Police department established.
   * Population: 2,891,082.
* 2011
   * 24 July: 2011 Copa América Final football tournament held.
   * Metrobus begins operating.
   * City named World Book Capital by UNESCO.
* 2012
   * 22 February: Train crash.
   * 4 April: F2 2012 Buenos Aires tornado [es]
* 2013
   * Jorge Mario Cardinal Bergoglio, Cardinal, Archbishop of Buenos Aires, is elected as Pope Francis, succeeding the retired Pope Benedict XVI
   * April: Flooding.
   * Computer Museum of Argentina [es] opens.
* 2015
   * 3 June: The feminist movement Ni una menos organizes its first massive demonstrations against gender-based violence, popularising the campaign throughout Argentina and several Latin American countries.
* 2016
   * Population: 13,879,707 (urban agglomeration).
* 2017
   * Alvear Tower completed as the tallest building in Argentina.

### 2020s

* 2023
   * A specialized exhibition recognised by the Bureau International des Expositions will be held.
