The Victorian and Art Deco Ensemble of Mumbai
# The Victorian and Art Deco Ensemble of Mumbai

The Victorian Gothic and Art Deco Ensembles of Bombay is a collection of 19th-century Victorian Revival public and 20th-century Mumbai Art Deco private buildings in the Fort precinct of Mumbai. This ensemble was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2018.

These buildings are set around the Oval Maidan, a large recreational ground that was once known as the Esplanade. The east of the Oval is flanked by the Victorian Gothic public buildings and the western side is flanked by the Art Deco buildings of Back bay Reclamation and Marine Drive. This nomination aims to safeguard a total of 94 buildings.

The 19th century Victorian Gothic buildings that lie to the east of the Oval are mainly the Mumbai High Court, The University of Mumbai (Fort Campus) and The City Civil and Sessions Court (Housed in the Old Secretariat Building). This stretch also houses one of the landmarks of Mumbai, the Rajabai Clock Tower. The 20th century Art Deco buildings flank the western stretch of the Oval and consist mainly of privately owned residential buildings and the Eros Cinema among others.

This ensemble of Victorian Gothic and Art Deco buildings was added to the list of World Heritage Sites on 30 June 2018 during 42nd session of World Heritage Committee at Manama, Bahrain.

## List of heritage structures or sites

### Victorian

**Indian Neo-Gothic (Hindu Gothic) architecture**

* City Civil and Sessions Court (Old Secretariat)
* University of Bombay complex:
   * Rajabai Clock Tower
   * University Library
   * Convocation Hall
* Mumbai High Court
* Public Works Department Building
* Esplanade Mansion
* David Sassoon Library
* Elphinstone College
* Maharashtra Police Headquarters
* Indian Mercantile Mansion
* Wellington Fountain

**Neoclassical**

* Standard Chartered Bank Building
* Army and Navy Building
* Institute of Science
* Sir Cowasji Jehangir Hall, National Gallery of Modern Art

**Indo-Saracenic**

* Western Railway Headquarters Offices
* Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Vastu Sangrahalaya
* Majestic Aamdar Niwas

### Art Deco

* Regal Cinema
* Motabhoy Mansion
* Soona Mahal
* Keval Mahal
* Buildings around the Oval Maidan and Marine Drive

## Gallery

* The Eros Cinema (Art Deco)
* Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus
* Majestic Amdar Niwas
* Maharashtra Police Headquarters
* Crawford Market
* The Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai building
* The University Library
* Rajabai Clock Tower
* Regal Cinema
