Hockey Champions Trophy
# Hockey Champions Trophy

The Hockey Champions Trophy (HCT) was an international field hockey tournament held by the International Hockey Federation (FIH). It features the top 6 ranked nations in that year.

## History

Founded in 1978 by Pakistan's Air Marshal Nur Khan and the Pakistan Hockey Federation, it featured the world's top-ranked field hockey teams competing in a round robin format. A biennial women's tournament was added in 1987. The Champions Trophy was changed from an annual to a biennial event from 2014 onwards, due to the introduction of the Hockey World League (HWL). The 2018 edition was the last edition of the Champions Trophy and the tournament was replaced by the Men's FIH Pro League and the Women's FIH Pro League in 2019.

In the men's tournament, Australia won the tournament fifteen times, Germany ten and the Netherlands eight times. Pakistan is the only Asian champion, with three titles to its name including the first two in 1978 and 1980. In the women's tournament, Argentina and the Netherlands won the trophy seven times. Australia have won the trophy six times, while Germany, China and South Korea have won it one time each.

Since the 2011 edition, eight teams of each six have qualified for the championship. The first edition had five teams, the second had seven, 1987 had eight, and all other editions through 2010 had six. In the year following the Olympics or a World Cup, the participating teams include the host, the defending champion, the world champion and the next highest ranked teams from either the most recent World Cup or Olympic Games.

## Men

### Summaries

| Year | Hosts | Final | Final | Final | Third Place Match | Third Place Match | Third Place Match |
| - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Year | Hosts | Winners | Score | Runners-up | Third Place | Score | Fourth Place |
| 1978 Details | Lahore, Pakistan | Pakistan | RR | Australia | Great Britain | RR | New Zealand |
| 1980 Details | Karachi, Pakistan | Pakistan | RR | West Germany | Australia | RR | Netherlands |
| 1981 Details | Karachi, Pakistan | Netherlands | RR | Australia | West Germany | RR | Pakistan |
| 1982 Details | Amstelveen, Netherlands | Netherlands | RR | Australia | India | RR | Pakistan |
| 1983 Details | Karachi, Pakistan | Australia | RR | Pakistan | West Germany | RR | India |
| 1984 Details | Karachi, Pakistan | Australia | RR | Pakistan | Great Britain | RR | Netherlands |
| 1985 Details | Perth, Australia | Australia | RR | Great Britain | West Germany | RR | Pakistan |
| 1986 Details | Karachi, Pakistan | West Germany | RR | Australia | Pakistan | RR | Great Britain |
| 1987 Details | Amstelveen, Netherlands | West Germany | RR | Netherlands | Australia | RR | Great Britain |
| 1988 Details | Lahore, Pakistan | West Germany | RR | Pakistan | Australia | RR | Soviet Union |
| 1989 Details | Berlin, West Germany | Australia | RR | Netherlands | West Germany | RR | Pakistan |
| 1990 Details | Melbourne, Australia | Australia | RR | Netherlands | Germany | RR | Pakistan |
| 1991 Details | Berlin, Germany | Germany | RR | Pakistan | Netherlands | RR | Australia |
| 1992 details | Karachi, Pakistan | Germany | 4–0 | Australia | Pakistan | 2–1 | Netherlands |
| 1993 Details | Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia | Australia | 4–0 | Germany | Netherlands | 6–2 | Pakistan |
| 1994 Details | Lahore, Pakistan | Pakistan | 2–2 (7–6) Penalty strokes | Germany | Netherlands | 2–2 (9–8) Penalty strokes | Australia |
| 1995 Details | Berlin, Germany | Germany | 2–2 (4–2) Penalty strokes | Australia | Pakistan | 2–1 | Netherlands |
| 1996 Details | Madras, India | Netherlands | 3–2 | Pakistan | Germany | 5–0 | India |
| 1997 Details | Adelaide, Australia | Germany | 3–2 After extra time | Australia | Spain | 2–1 | Netherlands |
| 1998 Details | Lahore, Pakistan | Netherlands | 3–1 | Pakistan | Australia | 1–1 (8–7) Penalty strokes | South Korea |
| 1999 Details | Brisbane, Australia | Australia | 3–1 | South Korea | Netherlands | 5–2 | Spain |
| 2000 Details | Amstelveen, Netherlands | Netherlands | 2–1 After extra time | Germany | South Korea | 3–0 | Spain |
| 2001 Details | Rotterdam, Netherlands | Germany | 2–1 | Australia | Netherlands | 5–2 | Pakistan |
| 2002 Details | Cologne, Germany | Netherlands | 0–0 (3–2) Penalty strokes | Germany | Pakistan | 4–3 | India |
| 2003 Details | Amstelveen, Netherlands | Netherlands | 4–2 | Australia | Pakistan | 4–3 | India |
| 2004 Details | Lahore, Pakistan | Spain | 4–2 | Netherlands | Pakistan | 3–2 | India |
| 2005 Details | Chennai, India | Australia | 3–1 | Netherlands | Spain | 5–2 | Germany |
| 2006 Details | Terrassa, Spain | Netherlands | 2–1 | Germany | Spain | 2–2 (5–4) Penalty strokes | Australia |
| 2007 Details | Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia | Germany | 1–0 | Australia | Netherlands | 3–2 | South Korea |
| 2008 Details | Rotterdam, Netherlands | Australia | 4–1 | Spain | Argentina | 2–2 (5–3) Penalty strokes | Netherlands |
| 2009 Details | Melbourne, Australia | Australia | 5–3 | Germany | South Korea | 4–2 | Netherlands |
| 2010 Details | Mönchengladbach, Germany | Australia | 4–0 | England | Netherlands | 4–1 | Germany |
| 2011 Details | Auckland, New Zealand | Australia | 1–0 | Spain | Netherlands | 5–3 | New Zealand |
| 2012 Details | Melbourne, Australia | Australia | 2–1 After extra time | Netherlands | Pakistan | 3–2 | India |
| 2014 Details | Bhubaneswar, India | Germany | 2–0 | Pakistan | Australia | 2–1 | India |
| 2016 Details | London, United Kingdom | Australia | 0–0 (3–1) Penalty shoot-out | India | Germany | 1–0 | Great Britain |
| 2018 Details | Breda, Netherlands | Australia | 1–1 (3–1) Penalty shoot-out | India | Netherlands | 2–0 | Argentina |

### Successful national teams

| Team | Titles | Runners-up | Third Place | Fourth Place |
| - | - | - | - | - |
| Australia | 15 (1983, 1984, 1985*, 1989, 1990*, 1993, 1999*, 2005, 2008, 2009*, 2010, 2011, 2012*, 2016, 2018) | 10 (1978, 1981, 1982, 1986, 1992, 1995, 1997*, 2001, 2003, 2007) | 5 (1980, 1987, 1988, 1998, 2014) | 3 (1991, 1994, 2006) |
| $Germany^^$ | 10 (1986, 1987, 1988, 1991*, 1992, 1995*, 1997, 2001, 2007, 2014) | 7 (1980, 1993, 1994, 2000, 2002*, 2006, 2009) | 7 (1981, 1983, 1985, 1989*, 1990, 1996, 2016) | 2 (2005, 2010*) |
| Netherlands | 8 (1981, 1982*, 1996, 1998, 2000*, 2002, 2003*, 2006) | 6 (1987*, 1989, 1990, 2004, 2005, 2012) | 9 (1991, 1993, 1994, 1999, 2001*, 2007, 2010, 2011, 2018*) | 7 (1980, 1984, 1992, 1995, 1997, 2008*, 2009) |
| Pakistan | 3 (1978*, 1980*, 1994*) | 7 (1983*, 1984*, 1988*, 1991, 1996, 1998*, 2014) | 7 (1986*, 1992*, 1995, 2002, 2003, 2004*, 2012) | 7 (1981*, 1982, 1985, 1989, 1990, 1993, 2001) |
| Spain | 1 (2004) | 2 (2008, 2011) | 3 (1997, 2005, 2006*) | 2 (1999, 2000) |
| Great $Britain^~$ | | 2 (1985, 2010) | 2 (1978, 1984) | 3 (1986, 1987, 2016*) |
| India | | 2 (2016, 2018) | 1 (1982) | 7 (1983, 1996*, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2012, 2014*) |
| South Korea | | 1 (1999) | 2 (2000, 2009) | 2 (1998, 2007) |
| Argentina | | | 1 (2008) | 1 (2018) |
| New Zealand | | | | 2 (1978, 2011*) |
| Soviet $Union^#$ | | | | 1 (1988) |

    * = host nation

    ^ = includes results representing West Germany between 1980 and 1989
    ~ = includes results representing England
    # = states that have since split into two or more independent nations

### Team appearances

| Team | 1978 | 1980 | 1981 | 1982 | 1983 | 1984 | 1985 | 1986 | 1987 | 1988 | 1989 | 1990 | 1991 | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2014 | 2016 | 2018 | Total |
| - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Argentina | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 5th | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 5th | - | - | 6th | - | 3rd | - | - | - | - | 6th | - | 4th | 6 |
| Australia | 2nd | 3rd | 2nd | 2nd | 1st | 1st | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 3rd | 1st | 1st | 4th | 2nd | 1st | 4th | 2nd | 6th | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 5th | 2nd | 5th | 2nd | - | 1st | 4th | 2nd | 1st | 1st | 1st | 1st | 1st | 3rd | 1st | 1st | 36 |
| Belgium | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 5th | 8th | 5th | 5th | 4 |
| France | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 6th | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1 |
| Germany^ | - | 2nd | 3rd | 5th | 3rd | - | 3rd | 1st | 1st | 1st | 3rd | 3rd | 1st | 1st | 2nd | 2nd | 1st | 3rd | 1st | 6th | - | 2nd | 1st | 2nd | 6th | 5th | 4th | 2nd | 1st | 5th | 2nd | 4th | 5th | 6th | 1st | 3rd | - | 33 |
| Great Britain~ | 3rd | 7th | 6th | - | - | 3rd | 2nd | 4th | 4th | 6th | 5th | 6th | 5th | 5th | - | 6th | 6th | - | - | - | 5th | 6th | 5th | - | - | - | - | - | 6th | - | 6th | 2nd | 6th | 8th | 7th | 4th | - | 24 |
| India | - | 5th | - | 3rd | 4th | - | 6th | 5th | - | - | 6th | - | - | - | - | - | 5th | 4th | - | - | - | - | - | 4th | 4th | 4th | 6th | - | - | - | - | - | - | 4th | 4th | 2nd | 2nd | 16 |
| Malaysia | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 6th | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 8th | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 2 |
| Netherlands | - | 4th | 1st | 1st | 5th | 4th | 5th | 6th | 2nd | - | 2nd | 2nd | 3rd | 4th | 3rd | 3rd | 4th | 1st | 4th | 1st | 3rd | 1st | 3rd | 1st | 1st | 2nd | 2nd | 1st | 3rd | 4th | 4th | 3rd | 3rd | 2nd | 5th | - | 3rd | 34 |
| New Zealand | 4th | - | - | - | 6th | 5th | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 6th | - | - | - | - | - | 6th | 4th | 7th | - | - | - | 7 |
| Pakistan | 1st | 1st | 4th | 4th | 2nd | 2nd | 4th | 3rd | 7th | 2nd | 4th | 4th | 2nd | 3rd | 4th | 1st | 3rd | 2nd | 5th | 2nd | 6th | - | 4th | 3rd | 3rd | 3rd | 5th | 5th | 7th | - | - | - | 7th | 3rd | 2nd | - | 6th | 32 |
| South Korea | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 6th | 4th | 2nd | 3rd | 6th | 6th | - | - | - | - | 4th | 6th | 3rd | - | 8th | - | - | 6th | - | 11 |
| Soviet Union# | - | - | - | 6th | - | - | - | - | 8th | 4th | - | 5th | 6th | Defunct | Defunct | Defunct | Defunct | Defunct | Defunct | Defunct | Defunct | Defunct | Defunct | Defunct | Defunct | Defunct | Defunct | Defunct | Defunct | Defunct | Defunct | Defunct | Defunct | Defunct | Defunct | Defunct | Defunct | 5 |
| Spain | 5th | 6th | 5th | - | - | 6th | - | - | 6th | 5th | - | - | - | - | 5th | 5th | - | 5th | 3rd | 5th | 4th | 4th | - | - | - | 1st | 3rd | 3rd | 5th | 2nd | 5th | 5th | 2nd | - | - | - | - | 21 |
| Total | 5 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 8 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 8 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 6 | 6 | 234 |

    ^ = includes results representing West Germany between 1980 and 1989
    ~ = includes results representing England
    # = states that have since split into two or more independent nations

Australia is the only team to have competed at almost every Champions Trophy, except for only one edition; 14 teams have competed in at least one Champions Trophy.

## Women

### Summaries

| Year | Hosts | Final | Final | Final | Third Place Match | Third Place Match | Third Place Match |
| - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Year | Hosts | Winners | Score | Runners-up | Third Place | Score | Fourth Place |
| 1987 Details | Amstelveen, Netherlands | Netherlands | RR | Australia | South Korea | RR | Canada |
| 1989 Details | Frankfurt, West Germany | South Korea | RR | Australia | West Germany | RR | Great Britain |
| 1991 Details | Berlin, Germany | Australia | RR | Germany | Netherlands | RR | Spain |
| 1993 Details | Amstelveen, Netherlands | Australia | 1–1 (4–2) Penalty strokes | Netherlands | Germany | 2–0 | South Korea |
| 1995 Details | Mar del Plata, Argentina | Australia | 1–1 (4–3) Penalty strokes | South Korea | United States | 0–0 (4–1) Penalty strokes | Germany |
| 1997 Details | Berlin, Germany | Australia | 2–1 After extra time | Germany | Netherlands | 5–2 | South Korea |
| 1999 Details | Brisbane, Australia | Australia | 3–2 | Netherlands | Germany | 1–0 | Argentina |
| 2000 Details | Amstelveen, Netherlands | Netherlands | 3–2 | Germany | Australia | 1–0 | Argentina |
| 2001 Details | Amstelveen, Netherlands | Argentina | 3–2 | Netherlands | Australia | 2–1 After extra time | China |
| 2002 Details | Macau | China | 2–2 (3–1) Penalty strokes | Argentina | Netherlands | 4–3 After extra time | Australia |
| 2003 Details | Sydney, Australia | Australia | 3–2 | China | Netherlands | 3–2 | Argentina |
| 2004 Details | Rosario, Argentina | Netherlands | 2–0 | Germany | Argentina | 3–2 | Australia |
| 2005 Details | Canberra, Australia | Netherlands | 0–0 (5–4) Penalty strokes | Australia | China | 2–2 (9–8) Penalty strokes | Argentina |
| 2006 Details | Amstelveen, Netherlands | Germany | 3–2 | China | Netherlands | 1–1 (4–1) Penalty strokes | Argentina |
| 2007 Details | Quilmes, Argentina | Netherlands | 1–0 | Argentina | Germany | 2–0 | Australia |
| 2008 Details | Mönchengladbach, Germany | Argentina | 6–2 | Germany | Netherlands | 3–0 | China |
| 2009 Details | Sydney, Australia | Argentina | 0–0 (4–3) Penalty strokes | Australia | Netherlands | 5–2 | Germany |
| 2010 Details | Nottingham, England | Argentina | 4–2 | Netherlands | England | 2–1 | Germany |
| 2011 Details | Amsterdam, Netherlands | Netherlands | 3–3 (3–2) Penalty strokes | Argentina | New Zealand | 3–2 | South Korea |
| 2012 Details | Rosario, Argentina | Argentina | 1–0 | Great Britain | Netherlands | 5–4 | Germany |
| 2014 Details | Mendoza, Argentina | Argentina | 1–1 (3–1) Penalty strokes | Australia | Netherlands | 2–1 | New Zealand |
| 2016 Details | London, United Kingdom | Argentina | 2–1 | Netherlands | United States | 2–2 (1–0) Penalty strokes | Australia |
| 2018 Details | Changzhou, China | Netherlands | 5–1 | Australia | Argentina | 6–0 | China |

### Performance by nation

| Team | Titles | Runners-up | Third Place | Fourth Place |
| - | - | - | - | - |
| Netherlands | 7 (1987*, 2000*, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2011*, 2018) | 5 (1993*, 1999, 2001*, 2010, 2016) | 9 (1991, 1997, 2002, 2003, 2006*, 2008, 2009, 2012, 2014) | |
| Argentina | 7 (2001, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2012*, 2014*, 2016) | 3 (2002, 2007*, 2011) | 2 (2004*, 2018) | 5 (1999, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006) |
| Australia | 6 (1991, 1993, 1995, 1997, 1999*, 2003*) | 6 (1987, 1989, 2005*, 2009*, 2014, 2018) | 2 (2000, 2001) | 4 (2002, 2004, 2007, 2016) |
| Germany^ | 1 (2006) | 5 (1991*, 1997*, 2000, 2004, 2008*) | 4 (1989*, 1993, 1999, 2007) | 4 (1995, 2009, 2010, 2012) |
| China | 1 (2002*) | 2 (2003, 2006) | 1 (2005) | 3 (2001, 2008, 2018*) |
| South Korea | 1 (1989) | 1 (1995) | 1 (1987) | 3 (1993, 1997, 2011) |
| Great Britain~ | | 1 (2012) | 1 (2010) | 1 (1989) |
| United States | | | 2 (1995, 2016) | |
| New Zealand | | | 1 (2011) | 1 (2014) |
| Canada | | | | 1 (1987) |
| Spain | | | | 1 (1991) |

    * = host nation

    ^ = includes results representing West Germany between 1987 and 1989
    ~ = includes results representing England

### Team appearances

| Team | 1987 | 1989 | 1991 | 1993 | 1995 | 1997 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2014 | 2016 | 2018 | Total |
| - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Argentina | - | - | - | - | 6th | - | 4th | 4th | 1st | 2nd | 4th | 3rd | 4th | 4th | 2nd | 1st | 1st | 1st | 2nd | 1st | 1st | 1st | 3rd | 18 |
| Australia | 2nd | 2nd | 1st | 1st | 1st | 1st | 1st | 3rd | 3rd | 4th | 1st | 4th | 2nd | 5th | 4th | 5th | 2nd | - | 6th | - | 2nd | 4th | 2nd | 21 |
| Canada | 4th | 6th | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 2 |
| China | - | - | 5th | - | - | - | - | - | 4th | 1st | 2nd | 5th | 3rd | 2nd | - | 4th | 5th | 6th | 7th | 8th | 6th | - | 4th | 14 |
| Germany^ | - | 3rd | 2nd | 3rd | 4th | 2nd | 3rd | 2nd | - | - | - | 2nd | 5th | 1st | 3rd | 2nd | 4th | 4th | 8th | 4th | 7th | - | - | 17 |
| Great Britain~ | 5th | 4th | - | 6th | - | 5th | - | - | - | 6th | 5th | - | - | - | - | - | 6th | 3rd | 5th | 2nd | 5th | 5th | 5th | 13 |
| Japan | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 5th | 6th | - | - | - | 5th | 8th | - | 6th | 5 |
| Netherlands | 1st | 5th | 3rd | 2nd | - | 3rd | 2nd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 3rd | 1st | 1st | 3rd | 1st | 3rd | 3rd | 2nd | 1st | 3rd | 3rd | 2nd | 1st | 22 |
| New Zealand | 6th | - | - | - | - | - | 5th | 6th | 5th | 5th | - | 6th | - | 6th | - | - | - | 5th | 3rd | 6th | 4th | 6th | - | 12 |
| South Africa | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 5th | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1 |
| South Korea | 3rd | 1st | 6th | 4th | 2nd | 4th | 6th | - | - | - | 6th | - | 6th | - | - | - | - | - | 4th | 7th | - | - | - | 11 |
| Spain | - | - | 4th | 5th | 5th | - | - | - | 6th | - | - | - | - | - | 6th | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 5 |
| United States | - | - | - | - | 3rd | 6th | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 3rd | - | 3 |
| Total | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 6 | 6 | 144 |

    ^ = includes result representing West Germany in 1989
    ~ = includes results representing England

The Netherlands is the only team to have competed at almost every Champions Trophy, except for only one edition; 13 teams have competed in at least one Champions Trophy.

