Claoxylon
# Claoxylon

Claoxylon is a flowering plant genus in the spurge family, Euphorbiaceae, comprising dioecious subshrubs to small trees. It was first described as a genus in 1824. The genus is distributed in paleotropical areas: Madagascar through South and Southeast Asia, Malesia to Melanesia, Hawaiʻi, and Australia. Half of the species are in Malesia. According to a molecular phylogenetic study by Wurdack, Hoffmann & Chase (2005), Claoxylon is sister to Erythrococca (50 species, Africa), and together they form the top of a Hennigian comb-like phylogeny.

The genus Claoxylon is usually easily recognizable because the dried leaves in herbariums of most species are rough (few are smooth).

## Species

* Claoxylon abbreviatum - Java, Bali, Lombok, Timor, Flores, Sulawesi
* Claoxylon affine - Java, Bali, Lombok, Timor, Flores
* Claoxylon albicans - Philippines
* Claoxylon albiflorum - Bismarck Archipelago
* Claoxylon angustifolium - Queensland
* Claoxylon anomalum - Western Ghats of SW India
* Claoxylon arboreum - Philippines
* Claoxylon attenuatum - Sabah
* Claoxylon australe - Queensland, New South Wales
* Claoxylon bicarpellatum - Papua New Guinea
* Claoxylon biciliatum - Vanuatu
* Claoxylon brachyandrum - Philippines, Sabah, Sulawesi
* Claoxylon capillipes - Papua New Guinea, Flores
* Claoxylon carinatum - Kalimantan Timur
* Claoxylon carolinianum - Caroline Islands
* Claoxylon carrii - Papua New Guinea
* Claoxylon centenarium - Ogasawara-shoto (Bonin Islands)
* Claoxylon colfsii - Sumbawa
* Claoxylon collenettei - Rapa-Iti
* Claoxylon coriaceolanatum - Papua New Guinea
* Claoxylon crassipes - Philippines
* Claoxylon crassivenium - Philippines
* Claoxylon cuneatum - Western New Guinea
* Claoxylon decaryanum - Madagascar
* Claoxylon dolichostachyum - Réunion
* Claoxylon echinospermum - Fiji
* Claoxylon ellipticum - Philippines
* Claoxylon erythrophyllum - E Indonesia
* Claoxylon euphorbioides - Philippines
* Claoxylon extenuatum - Bougainville
* Claoxylon fallax - Fiji, Tonga
* Claoxylon flavum - Madagascar
* Claoxylon fulvescens - Papua New Guinea, Sulawesi
* Claoxylon gillisonii - Vanuatu
* Claoxylon glabrifolium - Java, Bali, Lombok, Timor, Flores
* Claoxylon glandulosum - Réunion
* Claoxylon goodenoviense - D'Entrecasteaux Islands
* †Claoxylon grandifolium - Mauritius, Réunion but extinct
* Claoxylon gymnadenum - Bougainville
* Claoxylon hainanense - Hainan
* Claoxylon hillii - New Guinea, N Australia
* Claoxylon hirsutellum - Kalimantan Timur
* Claoxylon hosei - Sarawak
* Claoxylon humbertii - Madagascar
* Claoxylon indicum - S China, SE Asia, New Guinea, Andaman & Nicobar Islands, Christmas Island
* Claoxylon insigne - Sarawak
* Claoxylon insulanum - New Caledonia, Loyalty Islands
* Claoxylon kaievskii - Solomon Islands, Santa Cruz Islands
* Claoxylon khasianum - West Bengal, Bangladesh, Assam
* Claoxylon kinabaluense - Sabah
* Claoxylon kingii - S Thailand, Perak
* Claoxylon kotoense - Taiwan
* Claoxylon lambiricum - Sarawak
* Claoxylon ledermannii - Papua New Guinea
* Claoxylon linostachys - Mauritius
* Claoxylon longifolium - Assam, SE Asia, New Guinea, Caroline Islands
* Claoxylon longipetiolatum - Sikkim, Bhutan, Assam, Myanmar
* Claoxylon longiracemosum - Palau
* Claoxylon lutescens - New Guinea
* Claoxylon macranthum - Mauritius, Madagascar
* Claoxylon mananarense - Madagascar
* Claoxylon marianum - Mariana Islands
* Claoxylon medullosum - Madagascar
* Claoxylon microcarpum - Papua New Guinea
* Claoxylon monoicum - Madagascar
* Claoxylon muscisilvae - Papua New Guinea
* Claoxylon neoebudicum - Vanuatu, Santa Cruz Islands, Fiji
* Claoxylon nervosum - Papua New Guinea
* Claoxylon nigtanig - Bougainville
* Claoxylon nubicola - Papua New Guinea
* Claoxylon oblanceolatum - Philippines
* Claoxylon oliganthum - Thailand
* Claoxylon ooumuense - Nuku Hiva
* Claoxylon papuae - Papua New Guinea
* Claoxylon parviflorum - Réunion, Rodrigues Island
* Claoxylon paucinerve - Papua New Guinea
* Claoxylon perrieri - Madagascar
* Claoxylon physocarpum - Sumatra
* Claoxylon platyphyllum - Papua New Guinea
* Claoxylon porphyrostemon - Papua New Guinea
* Claoxylon praetermissum - Sabah
* Claoxylon pseudoinsulanum - Kalimantan Timur
* Claoxylon psilogyne - Vanuatu
* Claoxylon pubescens - Philippines
* Claoxylon purpureum - Philippines, Sulawesi
* Claoxylon putii - Thailand
* Claoxylon racemiflorum - Réunion
* Claoxylon raymondianum - Madagascar
* Claoxylon rostratum - Andaman & Nicobar Islands, Myanmar
* Claoxylon rubescens - Lombok, Philippines
* Claoxylon rubrivenium - Luzon
* Claoxylon salicinum - Sabah
* Claoxylon salomonense - Papua New Guinea, D'Entrecasteaux Islands, Louisiade Archipelago, Solomon Islands
* Claoxylon samoense - Samoa
* Claoxylon sanctae-crucis - Santa Cruz Islands
* Claoxylon sandwicense - Hawaii
* Claoxylon sarasinorum - Sulawesi
* Claoxylon scabratum - New Guinea
* Claoxylon setosum - Réunion
* Claoxylon spathulatum - Philippines
* Claoxylon stapfianum - Sarawak, Sabah
* Claoxylon subbullatum - Sabah
* Claoxylon subsessiliflorum - Vietnam, Yunnan
* Claoxylon subviride - Philippines
* Claoxylon taitense - Society Islands
* Claoxylon tenerifolium - Queensland
* Claoxylon tenuiflorum - Aceh
* Claoxylon tetracoccum - West New Guinea
* Claoxylon tsaratananae - Madagascar
* Claoxylon velutinum - Kalimantan Timur
* Claoxylon vitiense - Fiji
* Claoxylon wallichianum - Peninsular Malaysia
* Claoxylon warburgianum - Sulawesi
* Claoxylon winkleri - Kalimantan Selatan

## Formerly included

moved to other genera (Acalypha, Croton, Discoclaoxylon, Erythrococca, Lobanilia, Macaranga, Mallotus, Micrococca, Orfilea)

* C. africanum - Erythrococca africana
* C. angolense - Erythrococca angolense
* C. atrovirens - Erythrococca atrovirens
* C. bakerianum - Lobanilia bakeriana
* C. barteri - Erythrococca africana
* C. beddomei - Micrococca beddomei
* C. capense - Micrococca capensis
* C. chevalieri - Erythrococca chevalieri
* C. columnare - Erythrococca columnaris
* C. cordifolium - Mallotus oppositifolius
* C. deflersii - Erythrococca abyssinica
* C. dewevrei - Erythrococca dewevrei
* C. digynum - Macaranga digyna
* C. flaccidum - Erythrococca atrovirens
* C. hexandrum - Discoclaoxylon hexandrum
* C. hirsutum - Micrococca wightii var. hirsuta
* C. hirtellum - Lobanilia hirtella
* C. hispidum - Erythrococca hispida
* C. holstii - Micrococca holstii
* C. humblotianum - Micrococca humblotiana
* C. inaequilaterum - Erythrococca atrovirens
* C. kirkii - Erythrococca kirkii
* C. lancifolium - Micrococca lancifolia
* C. lasiococcum - Erythrococca trichogyne
* C. leucocarpum - Mallotus leucocarpus
* C. longifolium Baill. 1858, illegitimate homonym, not (Blume) Endl. ex Hassk. 1844 - Micrococca oligandra
* C. luteobrunneum - Lobanilia luteobrunnea
* C. macrophyllum Prain 1911, illegitimate homonym, not Hassk. 1848 - Erythrococca macrophylla
* C. mannii - Erythrococca mannii
* C. membranaceum - Erythrococca membranacea
* C. menyharthii - Erythrococca menyharthii
* C. mercurialis - Micrococca mercurialis
* C. mildbraedii - Erythrococca trichogyne
* C. molleri - Erythrococca molleri
* C. muricatum - Mallotus resinosus
* C. neraudianum - Orfilea neraudiana
* C. occidentale - Discoclaoxylon occidentale
* C. oleraceum - Erythrococca atrovirens
* C. oligandrum - Micrococca oligandra
* C. ovale - Lobanilia ovalis
* C. patulum - Erythrococca patula
* C. pauciflorum Müll.Arg. 1864 not Stapf 1894 - Erythrococca pauciflora
* C. pedicellare Müll.Arg. 1864 not Pax & K.Hoffm. 1914 - Discoclaoxylon pedicellare
* C. poggei - Erythrococca poggei
* C. polyandrum - Erythrococca polyandra
* C. preussii - Discoclaoxylon hexandrum
* C. purpurascens - Erythrococca molleri
* C. reticulatum - Acalypha filiformis
* C. rivulare - Erythrococca rivularis
* C. schweinfurthii - Erythrococca atrovirens
* C. sphaerocarpum - Croton sylvaticus
* C. spiciflorum - Acalypha spiciflora
* C. stipulosum - Mallotus dispar
* C. trichogyne - Erythrococca trichogyne
* C. triste - Erythrococca tristis
* C. virens - Erythrococca menyharthii
* C. volkensii - Micrococca volkensii
* C. welwitschianum - Erythrococca welwitschiana
* C. wightii - Micrococca wightii
