From Babel to Dragomans
# From Babel to Dragomans

From Babel to Dragomans: Interpreting the Middle East is a 2004 book written by Middle-East historian Bernard Lewis. The book comprises a series of scholarly essays and speeches given by Lewis over a period of four decades on the topic of the Middle East and the Islamic world.

## Contents

    Chapter 1 : An Islamic mosque
    Chapter 2 : From Babel to Dragomans
    Chapter 3 : Middle East feasts
    Chapter 4 : Iran in history
    Chapter 5 : Palimpsests of Jewish history : Christian, Muslim and secular diaspora
    Chapter 6 : Some notes on land, money and power in medieval Islam
    Chapter 7 : An interpretation of Fatimid history
    Chapter 8 : Propaganda in the pre-modern Middle East : a preliminary classification
    Chapter 9 : Monarchy in the Middle East
    Chapter 10 : Religion and murder in the Middle East
    Chapter 11 : The Mughals and the Ottomans
    Chapter 12 : Europe and the Turks : the civilization of the Ottoman empire
    Chapter 13 : Europe and Islam : Muslim perceptions and experience
    Chapter 14 : Cold war and detente in the sixteenth century
    Chapter 15 : From pilgrims to tourists : a survey of Middle Eastern travel
    Chapter 16 : The British mandate for Palestine in historical perspective
    Chapter 17 : Pan-Arabism
    Chapter 18 : The emergence of modern Israel
    Chapter 19 : Orientalist notes on the Soviet-United Arab Republic Treaty of 27 May 1971
    Chapter 20 : A taxonomy of group hatred
    Chapter 21 : Islam and the West
    Chapter 22 : The Middle East, westernized despite itself
    Chapter 23 : The Middle East in world affairs
    Chapter 24 : Friends and enemies : reflections after a war
    Chapter 25 : Return to Cairo
    Chapter 26 : Middle East at prayer
    Chapter 27 : At the United Nations
    Chapter 28 : The anti-Zionist resolution
    Chapter 29 : Right and left in Lebanon
    Chapter 30 : The Shi'a
    Chapter 31 : Islamic revolution
    Chapter 32 : The enemies of God
    Chapter 33 : The roots of Muslim rage
    Chapter 34 : The other Middle East problems
    Chapter 35 : Did you say "American imperialism"? : power, weakness, and choices in the Middle East
    Chapter 36 : The law of Islam
    Chapter 37 : Not everybody hates Saddam
    Chapter 38 : Mideast states : pawns no longer in imperial games
    Chapter 39 : What Saddam wrought
    Chapter 40 : The "sick man" of today coughs closer to home
    Chapter 41 : Revisiting the paradox of modern Turkey
    Chapter 42 : We must be clear
    Chapter 43 : Deconstructing Osama and his evil appeal
    Chapter 44 : Targeted by a history of hatred
    Chapter 45 : A time for toppling
    Chapter 46 : In defense of history
    Chapter 47 : First-person narrative in the Middle East
    Chapter 48 : Reflections on Islamic historiography
    Chapter 49 : The Ottoman archives : a source for European history
    Chapter 50 : History writing and national revival in Turkey
    Chapter 51 : On occidentalism and orientalism
